CN106491117A - A kind of signal processing method and device based on PPG heart rate measurement technology - Google Patents
A kind of signal processing method and device based on PPG heart rate measurement technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000009532 heart rate measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012880 independent component analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0064—Body surface scanning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology, including：Color video is obtained, sequence of frames of video is extracted；Image procossing is carried out to each frame of video of sequence of frames of video, the effective coverage of frame of video is determined；According to the effective coverage of frame of video, useful signal is extracted, and carries out noise reduction process；Signal after to noise reduction carries out cycle analyses, obtains heart rate statistical value.In addition, present invention also offers a kind of signal processing apparatus based on heart rate measurement technology, including acquisition module, image processing module, extraction module, noise reduction module and analysis and processing module, image processing module is connected with acquisition module, extraction module respectively, and noise reduction module is connected with extraction module, analysis and processing module respectively.The present invention carries out specific aim process to there is the measurement signal obtained under multiple disturbed conditions such as motion, light, noise, greatly improves acquisition signal accuracy, expands PPG technology use ranges so as under circumstances can precise operation.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to field of signal processing, more particularly to signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology
And device.
Background technology
Existing PPG technology can non-contactly gather the video image at human body face or other positions by photographic head,
Blood and the difference of tissue resorption back reflection light intensity through human body is detected, change of the capacity of blood vessel in cardiac cycle is traced out
Rate, then using the method for modern signal processing, calculates heart rate from the pulse wave for obtaining, and realizes that the noinvasive of heart rate connects
Continuous non-contact measurement.The other interference of movement, natural light, daylight lamp yet with measuring point etc., finally measure
Ten thousand net of signal is weaker, while noise jamming is very serious with fluctuation, thus the non-contact measurement of the PPG technology obtains result simultaneously
Not exclusively preferable.
In terms of at present the research of this aspect stresses hardware configuration realization, light source is selected and system structure in terms of done big
Quantity research, is merely to extract useful signal by frequency spectrum analysis methods such as Fourier transformations in terms of information processing, then passes through
Process obtains heart rate, and processing procedure degree of accuracy is relatively low, with a low credibility when interference signal is stronger.
Prior art certainty of measurement degradation in the case where target has the interference such as motion, light, noise, in signal
The method adopted in terms of process is excessively simple, it is difficult to adapt to the demand under various use environments so that equipment uses critical constraints.
Content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of signal processing method and device based on PPG heart rate measurement technology, in order to solve existing skill
The signal processing method existed in art based on PPG heart rate measurement technology is excessively simple, it is difficult to adapt to the need under various use environments
Ask so that problem of the equipment using critical constraints.
A kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology of the inventive method, including step：
S100 obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
S200 carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determines the effective district of the frame of video
Domain；
Effective coverages of the S300 according to the frame of video, extracts useful signal, and carries out noise reduction process；
S400 to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate statistical value.
Preferably, step S200 includes step：
S210 carries out illumination compensation using the method for histogram equalization to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video
Process；
S220 using the method based on textural characteristics to process after frame of video carry out Face datection, extract human face region color
Color image.
Under natural light or light-illuminating, nature color video is obtained by traditional camera, then by image
Reason reduces the interference of illumination, noise reduction reducing the interference of noise, is processed by this series of signal, accurate so as to improve measurement
Degree.Also so that the use range of testing equipment is more extensive, the requirement to environment is low.
Further, step S300 includes step：
S310 carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the effective coverage, obtains digitized signal, and to the number
Word signal is standardized and blind source separating process；
S320 by process after signal be filtered.
Carry out compensating illumination using histogram equalization method before Face datection, can significantly eliminate illumination not
The impact that signal extraction is produced；The pseudo- moving noise that a part can be eliminated by the analysis of blind source.Make an uproar to further eliminate
The impact of sound, carries out digital filtering to the signal demand that analyzes through blind source.
Further, step S310 includes step：
The coloured image of the effective coverage of extraction is carried out red, green, blue triple channel separation by S311, respectively obtains digitized letter
Number；
The digitized signal is standardized by S312, obtains the digital signal after standardization；
Digital signal after the standardization is carried out blind signal analysis using independent component analysis method by S313, obtains phase
Mutual independent signal；
Step S320 includes step：
S321 is processed to signal using Multipoint movable average filter method；
S322 is filtered process using window filtering method.
The consideration target that is taken there may be offset phenomena, and therefore selection window moving average filtering method of the present invention is filtered
Ripple process, is processed to signal initially with Multipoint movable average filter method in processing procedure, is adopting window filtering method
It is filtered process
Further, step S400 includes step：
S410 analyzes the signal after noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method, obtains the spectrogram of heart rate signal；
S420 is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value by the signal spectrum for obtaining.
The spectrogram of the heart rate signal after being processed using Welch discrete power spectral analysis methods, method complexity are low,
Be conducive to measurement in real time
Further, step S410 includes step：
Data of the S411 by length for N are divided into L sections, and per section of length is M；
S412 seeks each section of power spectrum respectively, then averages, and obtains the power spectrum that estimates；
Step S420 includes：
S421 carries out spectrum analyses using period map method, finds out in frequency spectrum the corresponding frequency of first peak, as
The frequency of heart rate, obtains heart rate statistical value.
Further, in step S412, the spectra calculation formula of estimation is：
Wherein,For i-th section of gathered data, d (t) is the window function that chooses, and U is normalization factor, and expression formula is
Above-mentioned window function can select hamming windows.
Further, in step S312, the method for accepted standard is：
Wherein, μR、μG、μBRespectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t) corresponding average, σR、σG、σB
Respectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SBT () corresponding standard deviation, the signal average after standardization are 0, variance
For 1；
In step S313, to standardization after signalEntered using independent component analysis method
Row blind signal analysis, obtain separate signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xc(t)；
The window function that window filtering method is adopted in step S322 is hamming windows, and its time window function is：
Window is composed：
Wherein, T is filtering cycle.
Present invention also offers a kind of device of the signal processing based on PPG heart rate measurement technology, the device application is above-mentioned
Signal processing method, including acquisition module, image processing module, extraction module, noise reduction module and analysis and processing module, the figure
Be connected with the acquisition module, extraction module as processing module respectively, the noise reduction module respectively with the extraction module, analysis
Processing module is connected, wherein：
The acquisition module obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
Described image processing module carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determine described in regard
The effective coverage of frequency frame；
Effective coverage of the extraction module according to the frame of video, extracts useful signal, and by the noise reduction module
Carry out noise reduction process；
The analysis and processing module to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate statistical value.
Further, described image processing module is included illumination compensation unit and is connected with the illumination compensation unit
Human face region determining unit；Wherein：
Described image processing module carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determine described in regard
The effective coverage of frequency frame includes：
The illumination compensation unit adopts each frame of video of the method for histogram equalization to the sequence of frames of video
Carry out illumination compensation process；
The human face region determining unit is using the method based on textural characteristics to the video after illumination compensation process
Frame carries out Face datection, extracts human face region coloured image.
Further, the extraction module includes：Signal separation unit and the standard being connected with the signal separation unit
Change unit；The noise reduction module includes：Blind source analytic unit and the filter unit being connected with the blind source analytic unit；Wherein：
Effective coverage of the extraction module according to the frame of video, extracts useful signal, and by the noise reduction module
Carrying out noise reduction process includes：
The signal separation unit carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the human face region, obtains digitized letter
Number, and the digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell；The blind source analytic unit is to passing through
Signal after the Standardisation Cell standardization carries out blind source analyzing and processing；
The filter unit by process after signal be filtered.
Further, the signal separation unit carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the human face region, obtains
Digitized signal, and the digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell；The blind source analysis is single
Unit carries out blind source analyzing and processing to the signal after the Standardisation Cell standardization to be included：
The coloured image of the effective coverage of extraction is carried out red, green, blue triple channel separation by the signal separation unit, respectively
Obtain digitized signal；
The digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell, obtains the digital signal after standardization；
Digital signal after the standardization is carried out blind source letter using independent component analysis method by the blind source analytic unit
Number analysis, obtain separate signal；
The filter unit by process after signal be filtered including：
The filter unit is processed to signal using Multipoint movable average filter method；And carried out using window filtering method
Filtering Processing.
Further, the signal after the analysis and processing module is to noise reduction carries out cycle analyses, obtains heart rate statistical value bag
Include：
The analysis and processing module analyzes the letter after the noise reduction module noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method
Number, obtain the spectrogram of heart rate signal；
The analysis and processing module is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value by the signal spectrum for obtaining.
Further, the analysis and processing module includes：Segmenting unit, the power spectrum being connected with the segmenting unit are obtained
Unit and the analysis searching unit being connected with the power spectrum acquiring unit；Wherein：
The analysis and processing module analyzes the letter after the noise reduction module noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method
Number, the spectrogram for obtaining heart rate signal includes：
Data of the segmenting unit by length for N are divided into L sections, and per section of length is M；
The power spectrum acquiring unit seeks each section of power spectrum respectively, then averages, and obtains the power spectrum that estimates；
The analysis and processing module analyzes the signal period by the signal spectrum for obtaining, and obtaining heart rate statistical value includes：
The analysis searching unit carries out spectrum analyses using period map method, finds out first peak in frequency spectrum corresponding
Frequency, the as frequency of heart rate obtains heart rate statistical value.
Further, the spectra calculation formula of the estimation is：
Wherein,For i-th section of gathered data, d (t) is the window function that chooses, and U is normalization factor, and expression formula is
Further, during the digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell, the standardized formula
For：
Wherein, μR、μG、μBRespectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t) corresponding average, σR、σG、σB
Respectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SBT () corresponding standard deviation, the signal average after standardization are 0, variance
For 1；
The blind source analytic unit to standardization after signalUsing independent component analysis method
Blind signal analysis are carried out, separate signal x is obtaineda(t)、xb(t)、xc(t)；
For hamming windows, its time window function is the window function adopted in the window filtering method：
Window is composed：
Wherein, T is filtering cycle.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that：
(1) signal processing method of the present invention and device can effectively eliminate illumination during use, displacement, noise
Interference, improves measuring accuracy；
(2) the equipment use range that the algorithm for containing in the inventive method is carried is more extensive, low to environmental requirement so as to each
Planting can precise operation under environment.
(3) the method for the invention computation complexity is low, can be used for measurement in real time.
(4) present invention only need to can determine that heart rate value according to color video, therefore, it is possible to spread in average family.
Description of the drawings
For the technical scheme being illustrated more clearly that in the embodiment of the present invention, below will be to making needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing is briefly introduced, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, without having to pay creative labor, can be obtaining which according to these accompanying drawings
His accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is signal processing method embodiment one flow chart of the present invention based on PPG heart rate measurement technology；
Fig. 2 is another embodiment flow chart of signal processing method of the present invention based on PPG heart rate measurement technology；
Fig. 3 is another embodiment flow chart of signal processing method of the present invention based on PPG heart rate measurement technology；
Fig. 4 is signal processing apparatus embodiment one block diagram of the present invention based on PPG heart rate measurement technology；
Fig. 5 is another embodiment block diagram of signal processing apparatus of the present invention based on PPG heart rate measurement technology.
Specific embodiment
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is made into
One step ground is described in detail, it is clear that described embodiment is only present invention some embodiments, rather than whole enforcement
Example.Embodiment in based on the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
All other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology that the embodiment of the present application is provided, can be applicable to mobile phone, calculating
The equipment such as machine, Cardio kickboxing, the embodiment of the present application are not limited to this.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology provided for the embodiment of the present application one
Flow chart, including step：
S100 obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
S200 carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determines the effective district of the frame of video
Domain；
Effective coverages of the S300 according to the frame of video, extracts useful signal, and carries out noise reduction process；
S400 to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate statistical value.
In the step s 100, color video is obtained, it can be the real-time video for obtaining to extract sequence of frames of video, and extract
Sequence of frames of video, or the non-real-time video obtained from memorizer, and the sequence of frames of video for therefrom extracting.The application reality
Apply example not limit this.
In step s 200, the sequence of frames of video to getting carries out image procossing, determines effective coverage.At image
Reason, can remove the interference of light or natural light to signal in frame of video；Determine effective coverage, effective coverage here is
Region to be checked, generally, the effective coverage of determination is the region exposed positioned at human body skin, such as arm, face etc..By
In face measurement result preferably, therefore select as far as possible around face.It should be noted that being held very much due to those skilled in the art
Easily taken a hint according to the embodiment of the present application, by monitoring to determine effective coverage in the regions such as staff, and with the effective district
Domain is extracted signal and carries out subsequent treatment, and therefore these are all the scopes protected by the embodiment of the present application.
In step S300, for the noise of the useful signal for extracting, noise reduction process is carried out, signal has been greatly improved
Precision, expand PPG technology use ranges.
Preferably, in above-described embodiment, step S200 includes step：
S210 carries out illumination compensation using the method for histogram equalization to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video
Process；
S220 using the method based on textural characteristics to process after frame of video carry out Face datection, extract human face region color
Color image.
Because studies have shown that to face position measurement result preferably, therefore image taking can be selected as far as possible in face week
Enclose, for the extensive area comprising face for shooting, the method initially with histogram equalization carries out illumination compensation, removes
The interference of light or natural light to signal, then carries out human face region extraction using the method based on textural characteristics, reduces letter
Number process range, while signal processing precision can also be improved.
Described histogram equalization method, principle are that piece image is converted to another width by greyscale transformation to have
Weighing apparatus rectangular histogram, i.e., have the process of identical pixel points in each gray level.Histogram equalization is image procossing neck
Method contrast being adjusted using image histogram in domain.The local that this method is commonly used to increase many images is right
Than degree, especially when the contrast of the useful data of image is fairly close.By this method, brightness can be preferably
It is distributed on the histogram.So may be used for strengthening the contrast of local and not affecting overall contrast, histogram equalization
Change this function is realized by effectively extending conventional brightness.With it, illumination compensation can be carried out, to remove
The interference of light or natural light to signal, significantly eliminates the impact that uneven illumination is produced to signal extraction.Certainly, Wo Menye
Other illumination compensation methods can be taken, such as based on the algorithm of reference white, Gam2ma corrections and its improved method etc., herein
Do not repeat.
CBIR technology because its retrieve image when quick and easy, accurate the features such as, by more next
More researcheres are paid attention to.It refers to extraction feature while being analyzed to image, is then built using obtained feature
Lithol draws and enters line retrieval to image information in image library, so as to obtain the image required for user.And texture is used as image
Important information feature, play an important role in CBIR.Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, employ
Based on the method for textural characteristics, Face datection is carried out to frame of video, extract human face region coloured image.For example, LBP (Local
Binary patterm) face feature extraction method is a kind of simple, the feature extraction algorithm of effective Texture classification.
Preferably, in above-described embodiment one, step S300 includes step：
S310 carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the effective coverage, obtains digitized signal, and to the number
Word signal is standardized and blind source separating process；
S320 by process after signal be filtered.
Red (R), green (G), blue (B) triple channel separation is carried out to coloured image, obtains digitized signal, then to digitized
Signal is standardized, and obtains the digital signal after standardization.Signal after to standardization is carried out using independent component analysis method
Blind signal analysis, obtain separate signal, the pseudo- moving noise that can eliminate a part by the analysis of blind source.
In order to further eliminate effect of noise, in addition it is also necessary to which above-mentioned each independent signal is filtered.
Another embodiment of the application, as shown in Fig. 2 including step：
S100 obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
S200 carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determines the effective district of the frame of video
Domain；
The coloured image of the effective coverage of extraction is carried out red, green, blue triple channel separation by S311, respectively obtains digitized letter
Number；
The digitized signal is standardized by S312, obtains the digital signal after standardization；
Digital signal after the standardization is carried out blind signal analysis using independent component analysis method by S313, obtains phase
Mutual independent signal；
S321 is processed to signal using Multipoint movable average filter method；
S322 is filtered process using window filtering method；
S400 to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate statistical value.
In above-described embodiment, blind signal analysis are carried out by step S313, the pseudo- moving noise of a part can be eliminated.Examine
Consider the target that is taken and there may be offset phenomena, therefore, the present embodiment is filtered place using window moving average filtering method
Reason.In processing procedure, signal is processed initially with Multipoint movable average filter method, then carried out using window filtering method
Filtering Processing.The impact of random disturbances will be reduced during analog acquisition signal, can also be adopted in addition to using hardware filtering method
Digital filtering, wherein moving average filtering method are one of effective manners.Moving average filtering, will be continuous based on statistical law
Sampled data regard the queue that a length is fixed as N as, after new one-shot measurement, the first data of above-mentioned queue are removed, its
Remaining N-1 data are moved forward successively, and new sampled data is inserted, used as the tail of new queue；Then this queue is calculated
Art computing, and the result that its result is measured as this.Sample a new data in processing procedure every time and be put into tail of the queue, and
A secondary data (first in first out) of original head of the queue is thrown away, the N number of data in queue arithmetic average computing is carried out, so that it may obtain
Obtain filter result newly.Advantage in this way is that have good inhibitory action to PERIODIC INTERFERENCE, and smoothness is high.Right
After signal carries out the filtering of Multipoint movable average filter method, then it is filtered using window filtering method, can significantly eliminates colour and regard
Frequency is subjected to displacement, in shooting, the interference for causing.
Preferably, in above-described embodiment, in step S312, the method for accepted standard is：
Wherein, μR、μG、μBRespectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t) corresponding average, σR、σG、σB
Respectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SBT () corresponding standard deviation, the signal average after standardization are 0, variance
For 1；
In step S313, to standardization after signalEntered using independent component analysis method
Row blind signal analysis, obtain separate signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xc(t)；
The window function that window filtering method is adopted in step S322 is hamming windows, and its time window function is：
Window is composed：
Wherein, T is filtering cycle.
In the selection of window function, total principle is 1, from maximum information is kept and will eliminate the resultant effect of secondary lobe
To consider a problem, the main lobe width in window function frequency spectrum to be made as far as possible narrow, energy is concentrated in main lobe as far as possible, so as in spectrum point
Higher frequency resolution is obtained during analysis, and less intermediate zone is obtained in digital filter design.2nd, the side lobe height of window spectrum
Should try one's best little and decay with frequency as early as possible, to reduce leakage distortion during Power estimation.Reduce passband when digital filter is designed
Fluctuation, improve stopband decay.But main lobe is both narrow, secondary lobe not only little decay but also fast window function be not easily found, such as
Rectangular window secondary lobe is very big, but its main lobe width is most narrow, therefore, generally needs to do to consider in data processing to take its folding
In.3rd, when window function is applied, in addition to it will consider the window spectrum characteristic of itself, the characteristics of should also take into full account analyzed signal
And specific processing requirement.The distribution of the quantity of information in signal to be considered, the message part that wants needed for enhancing signal, compacting
Unwanted message part in signal, with comprehensive effect after the effect of people's effective information interested and window function as preferably coming
From window function so that result has enough frequency spectrum detection abilities and spectral magnitude estimated accuracy.For example needing to measure
The occasion the such as during natural frequency of vibration of object.If narrow band signal to be analyzed and during with stronger interference noise, secondary lobe should be selected
The less window function of amplitude such as Hamming windows etc..Therefore, the present embodiment can select hamming windows and disturb to filter.
Preferably, on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate system
Evaluation.Including step：
S410 analyzes the signal after noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method, obtains the spectrogram of heart rate signal；
S420 is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value by the signal spectrum for obtaining.
The spectrogram of the heart rate signal after being processed using Welch discrete power spectral analysis methods, principle are simple, easily
Realize, therefore, method complexity is low, be conducive to measurement in real time.
Preferably, above-mentioned steps S410 include step：
Data of the S411 by length for N are divided into L sections, and per section of length is M；
S412 seeks each section of power spectrum respectively, then averages, and obtains the power spectrum that estimates；
Above-mentioned steps S420 include：
S421 carries out spectrum analyses using period map method, finds out in frequency spectrum the corresponding frequency of first peak, as
The frequency of heart rate, obtains heart rate statistical value.
Preferably, in step S412, the spectra calculation formula of estimation is：
Wherein,For i-th section of gathered data, d (t) is the window function that chooses, and U is normalization factor, and expression formula is
Preferably, d (t) is hamming windows.Select hamming windows reduce the leakage of frequency spectrum, by hamming window
(hamming) secondary lobe for processing Power estimation is less, and therefore leak degree is also smaller.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of another embodiment of the signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology of the application, bag
Include step：
S100 obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
S210 carries out illumination compensation using the method for histogram equalization to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video
Process；
S220 using the method based on textural characteristics to process after frame of video carry out Face datection, extract human face region color
Color image；
S310 carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the effective coverage, obtains digitized signal, and to the number
Word signal is standardized and blind source separating process；
S320 by process after signal be filtered；
S410 analyzes the signal after noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method, obtains the spectrogram of heart rate signal；
S420 is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value by the signal spectrum for obtaining.
Another embodiment of the application method, including following process step：
(1) coloured image is obtained
Under natural light or light-illuminating, nature color video is obtained by traditional camera.
(2) Face datection
Because studies have shown that to face position measurement result preferably, therefore image taking can be selected as far as possible in face week
Enclose, for the extensive area comprising face for shooting, the method initially with histogram equalization carries out illumination compensation, removes
The interference of light or natural light to signal, then carries out human face region extraction using the method based on textural characteristics, reduces letter
Number process range, while signal processing precision can also be improved.
(3) standardization and blind source separating
Red (R), green (G), blue (B) triple channel separation is carried out to the human face region coloured image extracted in each frame of video, right
The all image pixels of each passage are averaged, and respectively obtain three passage digitized signals SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t), then right
Digitized signal is standardized, and obtains the digital signal after standardizationStandardized method is as follows：
Wherein, μR、μG、μBRespectively SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t) corresponding average, σR、σG、σBRespectively SR(t)、SG(t)、
SBT () corresponding standard deviation, the signal average after standardization are 0, variance is 1.
Signal after to standardizationBlind signal analysis are carried out using independent component analysis method,
Obtain separate signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xc(t), the pseudo- moving noise that a part can be eliminated by the analysis of blind source.
(4) signal filtering
In order to further eliminate effect of noise, to the signal x analyzed through blind sourcea(t)、xb(t)、xcT () needs to carry out
Digital filtering, it is considered to which the target that is taken there may be offset phenomena, therefore selection window moving average filtering method of the present invention carry out
Filtering Processing, processes to signal initially with Multipoint movable average filter method in processing procedure, is adopting window filtering
Method is filtered process, obtains filtered signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xcT (), window function elect hamming windows as, its time
Window function is
Window is composed
Wherein, T is filtering cycle.(note：Hamming window filterings are a kind of filtering method, in matlab emulation are exactly
One matrix does convolution on image)
(5) cycle analyses
By Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method to obtain after filtering after signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xcT () enters
Line frequency analysis of spectrum, obtains the spectrogram of heart rate signal, and its method is that N number of data are divided into L sections, and per section includes M data, right
Each section of periodogram is averagely obtained the power spectrum that estimates, i.e. frequency spectrum, can be expressed as：
Wherein,For i-th section of gathered data (N=a, b, c), d (t) is the window function that chooses, in the present invention for
Hamming windows, U is normalization factor, and expression formula is
By bringing U into, available signal spectrum P (ω) carries out spectrum analyses using period map method, finds out frequency spectrum
In the corresponding frequency of first peak, the as frequency of heart rate obtains heart rate statistical value.
After triple channel separates R, G, B signal, in cycle analyses, then analyze together, thus, being greatly improved heart rate
The accuracy of statistical value.
The affiliated processing method of the present embodiment can effectively eliminate illumination, displacement, the interference of noise during use, improve and survey
Amount degree of accuracy；The equipment use range that the algorithm is carried is more extensive, low to environmental requirement；And methods described computation complexity
Low, can be used for measurement in real time.
Identical technology design is based on, the embodiment of the present invention is also provided at a kind of signal based on PPG heart rate measurement technology
Reason device, the executable said method embodiment of the device.Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as shown in figure 4, including obtaining mould
Block 10, image processing module 20, extraction module 30, noise reduction module 40 and analysis and processing module 50, described image processing module 20
Be connected with the acquisition module 10, extraction module 30 respectively, the noise reduction module 40 respectively with the extraction module 30, analysis at
Reason module 50 is connected, wherein：
The acquisition module 10 obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
Each frame of video of 20 pairs of sequence of frames of video of described image processing module carries out image procossing, determines described
The effective coverage of frame of video；
Effective coverage of the extraction module 30 according to the frame of video, extracts useful signal, and passes through the noise reduction mould
Block 40 carries out noise reduction process；
The analysis and processing module 50 to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate statistical value.
Acquisition module 10 obtains color video, can be captured in real-time color video, or reading from storage card
Color video, then therefrom extracts sequence of frames of video again.After image processing module 20 has done process to image, it is easy to follow-up regarding
The determination of the effective coverage of frequency frame, can also reduce the interference that illumination is produced in the color video of shooting.The effective coverage of frame of video,
In i.e. whole frame of video, best region to be measured.
As shown in figure 5, another embodiment of the application device, on the basis of above-described embodiment, described image processes mould
The human face region determining unit 22 that block 20 is included illumination compensation unit 21 and is connected with the illumination compensation unit 21；Wherein：
Each frame of video of 20 pairs of sequence of frames of video of described image processing module carries out image procossing, determines described
The effective coverage of frame of video includes：
The illumination compensation unit 21 adopts each video of the method for histogram equalization to the sequence of frames of video
Frame carries out illumination compensation process；
The human face region determining unit 22 is using the method based on textural characteristics to regarding after illumination compensation process
Frequency frame carries out Face datection, extracts human face region coloured image.
Illumination compensation effectively eliminates the impact that uneven illumination is produced in the video of acquisition, improves certainty of measurement.And base
Extract in the Face datection of textural characteristics, then recognition of face can be carried out to frame of video, and therefrom determines the optimal face of signal
Region, as effective coverage, so can reduce signal processing scope, can also improve signal processing precision.
Preferably, on the basis of said apparatus embodiment one, the extraction module 30 includes：Signal separation unit 31,
And the Standardisation Cell 32 being connected with the signal separation unit 31；The noise reduction module 40 includes：Blind source analytic unit 41 and
The filter unit 42 being connected with the blind source analytic unit 41；Wherein：
Effective coverage of the extraction module 30 according to the frame of video, extracts useful signal, and passes through the noise reduction mould
Block 40 carries out noise reduction process to be included：
The coloured image of 31 pairs of human face regions of the signal separation unit carries out triple channel separation, obtains digitized letter
Number, and be standardized by 32 pairs of digitized signals of the Standardisation Cell；The blind source analytic unit 41 pairs
Signal after 32 standardization of the Standardisation Cell carries out blind source analyzing and processing；
The filter unit 42 by process after signal be filtered.
Preferably, the coloured image of 31 pairs of human face regions of the signal separation unit carries out triple channel separation, obtain
Digitized signal, and be standardized by 32 pairs of digitized signals of the Standardisation Cell；The blind source analysis
41 pairs of signals after 32 standardization of the Standardisation Cell of unit carry out blind source analyzing and processing to be included：
The coloured image of the effective coverage of extraction is carried out red, green, blue triple channel separation by the signal separation unit 31, point
Digitized signal is not obtained；
The digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell 32, obtains the digital signal after standardization；
Digital signal after the standardization is carried out blind source using independent component analysis method by the blind source analytic unit 41
Signal analysis, obtain separate signal；
The filter unit 42 by process after signal be filtered including：
The filter unit 42 is processed to signal using Multipoint movable average filter method；And entered using window filtering method
Row Filtering Processing.
Further, the formula that the digitized signal is standardized by Standardisation Cell 32 described in above-described embodiment
For：
Wherein, μR、μG、μBRespectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t) corresponding average, σR、σG、σB
Respectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SBT () corresponding standard deviation, the signal average after standardization are 0, variance
For 1；
The blind source analytic unit 41 to standardization after signalUsing independent component analysis
Method carries out blind signal analysis, obtains separate signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xc(t)；
For hamming windows, its time window function is the window function adopted in the window filtering method：
Window is composed：
Wherein, T is filtering cycle.
Preferably, on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, the analysis and processing module 50 to noise reduction after signal carry out
Cycle analyses, obtaining heart rate statistical value includes：
The analysis and processing module 50 is analyzed after 40 noise reduction of noise reduction module using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method
Signal, obtain the spectrogram of heart rate signal；
The analysis and processing module 50 is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value by the signal spectrum for obtaining.
Welch algorithm principles are simple, realize easily, being conducive to measurement in real time.
Preferably, the analysis and processing module 50 includes：Segmenting unit 51, the power spectrum being connected with the segmenting unit 51
Acquiring unit 52 and the analysis searching unit 53 being connected with the power spectrum acquiring unit 52；Wherein：
The analysis and processing module 50 is analyzed after 40 noise reduction of noise reduction module using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method
Signal, the spectrogram for obtaining heart rate signal includes：
Data of the segmenting unit 51 by length for N are divided into L sections, and per section of length is M；
The power spectrum acquiring unit 52 seeks each section of power spectrum respectively, then averages, and obtains the power that estimates
Spectrum；
The analysis and processing module 50 is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value bag by the signal spectrum for obtaining
Include：
The analysis searching unit 53 carries out spectrum analyses using period map method, finds out first peak pair in frequency spectrum
The frequency of the frequency that answers, as heart rate, obtains heart rate statistical value.
Further, the spectra calculation formula of the estimation is：
Wherein,For i-th section of gathered data, d (t) is the window function that chooses, and U is normalization factor, and expression formula is
Preferably, the hamming windows of the window function that chooses.
, in addition to it can be used for heart rate measurement, other should to can be also used for oxygen saturation measurement etc. for methods and apparatus of the present invention
With.
, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, claims are intended to be construed to include excellent
Select embodiment and fall into the had altered of the scope of the invention and change.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without deviating from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications of the present invention and modification belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology, it is characterised in that including step：
S100 obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
S200 carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determines the effective coverage of the frame of video；
Effective coverages of the S300 according to the frame of video, extracts useful signal, and carries out noise reduction process；
S400 to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate statistical value.
2. a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating step S200 includes step：
S210 carries out illumination compensation process using the method for histogram equalization to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video；
S220 using the method based on textural characteristics to process after frame of video carry out Face datection, extract human face region cromogram
Picture.
3. a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating step S300 includes step：
S310 carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the effective coverage, obtains digitized signal, and to the digitized
Signal is standardized and blind source separating process；
S320 by process after signal be filtered.
4. the signal processing method of a kind of PPG heart rate measurements technology according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Step S310 includes step：
The coloured image of the effective coverage of extraction is carried out red, green, blue triple channel separation by S311, respectively obtains digitized signal；
The digitized signal is standardized by S312, obtains the digital signal after standardization；
Digital signal after the standardization is carried out blind signal analysis using independent component analysis method by S313, is obtained mutually solely
Vertical signal；
Step S320 includes step：
S321 is processed to signal using Multipoint movable average filter method；
S322 is filtered process using window filtering method.
5. a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to any one of claim 1-4, its feature
It is, step S400 includes step：
S410 analyzes the signal after noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method, obtains the spectrogram of heart rate signal；
S420 is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value by the signal spectrum for obtaining.
6. a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
Step S410 includes step：
Data of the S411 by length for N are divided into L sections, and per section of length is M；
S412 seeks each section of power spectrum respectively, then averages, and obtains the power spectrum that estimates；
Step S420 includes：
S421 carries out spectrum analyses using period map method, finds out in frequency spectrum the corresponding frequency of first peak, as heart rate
Frequency, obtain heart rate statistical value.
7. a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 6, it is characterised in that institute
State in step S412, the spectra calculation formula of estimation is：
Wherein,For i-th section of gathered data, d (t) is the window function that chooses, and U is normalization factor, and expression formula is
8. a kind of signal processing method based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
In step S312, the method for accepted standard is：
Wherein, μR、μG、μBRespectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t) corresponding average, σR、σG、σBRespectively
For three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SBT () corresponding standard deviation, the signal average after standardization are 0, variance is 1；
In step S313, to standardization after signalCarried out using independent component analysis method blind
Source signal is analyzed, and obtains separate signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xc(t)；
The window function that window filtering method is adopted in step S322 is hamming windows, and its time window function is：
Window is composed：
Wherein, T is filtering cycle.
9. a kind of signal processing apparatus based on PPG heart rate measurement technology, it is characterised in that including acquisition module, image procossing
Module, extraction module, noise reduction module and analysis and processing module, described image processing module respectively with the acquisition module, extraction
Module is connected, and the noise reduction module is connected with the extraction module, analysis and processing module respectively, wherein：
The acquisition module obtains color video, extracts sequence of frames of video；
Described image processing module carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determines the frame of video
Effective coverage；
Effective coverage of the extraction module according to the frame of video, is extracted useful signal, and is carried out by the noise reduction module
Noise reduction process；
The analysis and processing module to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtain heart rate statistical value.
10. a kind of signal processing apparatus based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 9, it is characterised in that institute
State the human face region determining unit that image processing module is included illumination compensation unit and is connected with the illumination compensation unit；Its
In：
Described image processing module carries out image procossing to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video, determines the frame of video
Effective coverage include：
The illumination compensation unit is carried out to each frame of video of the sequence of frames of video using the method for histogram equalization
Illumination compensation process；
The human face region determining unit is entered to the frame of video after illumination compensation process using the method based on textural characteristics
Row Face datection, extracts human face region coloured image.
A kind of 11. signal processing apparatus based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 9, it is characterised in that institute
Stating extraction module includes：Signal separation unit and the Standardisation Cell being connected with the signal separation unit；The noise reduction module
Including：Blind source analytic unit and the filter unit being connected with the blind source analytic unit；Wherein：
Effective coverage of the extraction module according to the frame of video, is extracted useful signal, and is carried out by the noise reduction module
Noise reduction process includes：
The signal separation unit carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the human face region, obtains digitized signal, and
The digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell；The blind source analytic unit is to through the mark
Signal after standardization unit standardization carries out blind source analyzing and processing；
The filter unit by process after signal be filtered.
A kind of 12. signal processing apparatus of PPG heart rate measurements technology according to claim 11, it is characterised in that
The signal separation unit carries out triple channel separation to the coloured image of the human face region, obtains digitized signal, and
The digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell；The blind source analytic unit is to through the mark
Signal after standardization unit standardization carries out blind source analyzing and processing to be included：
The coloured image of the effective coverage of extraction is carried out red, green, blue triple channel separation by the signal separation unit, is respectively obtained
Digitized signal；
The digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell, obtains the digital signal after standardization；
Digital signal after the standardization is carried out blind source signal point using independent component analysis method by the blind source analytic unit
Analysis, obtains separate signal；
The filter unit by process after signal be filtered including：
The filter unit is processed to signal using Multipoint movable average filter method；And be filtered using window filtering method
Process.
A kind of 13. signal processing apparatus based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to any one of claim 9-12, its are special
Levy and be,
The analysis and processing module to noise reduction after signal carry out cycle analyses, obtaining heart rate statistical value includes：
The analysis and processing module analyzes the signal after the noise reduction module noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method,
Obtain the spectrogram of heart rate signal；
The analysis and processing module is analyzed the signal period, is obtained heart rate statistical value by the signal spectrum for obtaining.
A kind of 14. signal processing apparatus based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 13, it is characterised in that
The analysis and processing module includes：Segmenting unit, the power spectrum acquiring unit being connected with the segmenting unit and with the power
The analysis searching unit that spectrum acquiring unit is connected；Wherein：
The analysis and processing module analyzes the signal after the noise reduction module noise reduction using Welch discrete powers spectral analysis method,
The spectrogram for obtaining heart rate signal includes：
Data of the segmenting unit by length for N are divided into L sections, and per section of length is M；
The power spectrum acquiring unit seeks each section of power spectrum respectively, then averages, and obtains the power spectrum that estimates；
The analysis and processing module analyzes the signal period by the signal spectrum for obtaining, and obtaining heart rate statistical value includes：
The analysis searching unit carries out spectrum analyses using period map method, finds out in frequency spectrum the corresponding frequency of first peak
The frequency of rate, as heart rate, obtains heart rate statistical value.
A kind of 15. signal processing apparatus based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 14, it is characterised in that
The spectra calculation formula of the estimation is：
Wherein,For i-th section of gathered data, d (t) is the window function that chooses, and U is normalization factor, and expression formula is
A kind of 16. signal processing apparatus based on PPG heart rate measurement technology according to claim 12, it is characterised in that
During the digitized signal is standardized by the Standardisation Cell, the standardized formula is：
Wherein, μR、μG、μBRespectively three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SB(t) corresponding average, σR、σG、σBRespectively
For three-channel digital signal SR(t)、SG(t)、SBT () corresponding standard deviation, the signal average after standardization are 0, variance is 1；
The blind source analytic unit to standardization after signalCarried out using independent component analysis method blind
Source signal is analyzed, and obtains separate signal xa(t)、xb(t)、xc(t)；
For hamming windows, its time window function is the window function adopted in the window filtering method：
Window is composed：
Wherein, T is filtering cycle.
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Application publication date: 20170315 |