CN106486668B - A kind of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma, phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma, phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106486668B CN106486668B CN201610897783.7A CN201610897783A CN106486668B CN 106486668 B CN106486668 B CN 106486668B CN 201610897783 A CN201610897783 A CN 201610897783A CN 106486668 B CN106486668 B CN 106486668B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma, phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode and preparation method, include the following steps: 1) to prepare ferric iron source, bivalent manganese source, pentavalent vanadium source and phosphorus source mixed solution, and prepare ammonia spirit；2) after mixing the mixed solution by setting ratio with ammonia spirit, coprecipitation reaction obtains precipitated product；3) by the precipitated product by washing, dry, pre-burning, phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium persursor material is obtained, the phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium persursor material is uniformly mixed with lithium source and carbon source, after dry, it is roasted in inert atmosphere, obtains phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode.Phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma is prepared first, use ferric compound as source of iron during the preparation process, it is upper unique in control iron determination variation, it can guarantee that ferric iron back is divalent in subsequent carbon thermal reduction step, and then obtain purity and all higher LiFe of chemical property1‑xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4Material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of energy material, in particular to a kind of to be used for lithium ion battery positive pole material phosphoric acid ferrimanganic
Vanadium (Fe1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4) presoma and phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon (LiFe1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4/ C) preparation method.
Background technique
Anode material for lithium-ion batteries directly determines the performance indicator of final battery product, currently, commercialization lithium from
Sub- cell positive material has cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4, ternary material, LiFePO4 etc., and LiFePO 4 material is relative to other anodes
Material has the advantages that high stability, more secure and reliable, more environmentally friendly and cheap, becomes the generally acknowledged power of industry and energy storage
One of ideal positive electrode of type lithium ion battery.But lower energy density problem existing for the material hinder its
Large-scale application in power battery.Possess identical olivine knot with lithium ferric manganese phosphate of the manganese element after compound and LiFePO4
Structure becomes industry research hotspot because having two discharge platforms of 3.4V and 4.1V and relatively high specific energy.
It is usually to be with ferrous compound although also there is the preparation method of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium in the prior art
Source of iron, directly reaction generate phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium, this kind of preparation method, which is essentially directly reacted, generates phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium, due to
Raw material cannot be stabilized, so the side reaction in preparation process is more, the purity of obtained phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium is lower, make to make
The performance of the positive electrode obtained cannot fully meet certain needs.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the technical problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium forerunners
Body, which can further react with lithium source and carbon source generates the higher phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium of purity.
A second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation methods of above-mentioned phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma, and the preparation method is with three
Valence iron compound is ferric iron source, prepares phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma based on liquid phase coprecipitation technique, and ferric iron source is more stable,
It can be restored in subsequent carbothermic reduction process as ferrous iron, material purity obtained is higher.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrodes, by above-mentioned phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium
Presoma is further reacted with lithium source and carbon source to be made.The positive electrode has higher purity and better chemical property.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma, chemical composition Fe1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4, 0 < x < 1.
The phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma can further be reacted with lithium source and carbon source, obtain the higher phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium of purity
Lithium.
The preparation method of above-mentioned phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma, includes the following steps:
1) prepare ferric iron source, bivalent manganese source, pentavalent vanadium source and phosphorus source mixed solution, and prepare ammonia spirit；
2) after mixing the mixed solution by setting ratio with ammonia spirit, coprecipitation reaction obtains precipitated product；
3) precipitated product is obtained into phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium persursor material by washing, dry, pre-burning.
Preferably, in step 1), the total concentration of ferric iron source, bivalent manganese source and pentavalent vanadium source is 0.2-2M；Ferric iron source,
The molar ratio of bivalent manganese source and the sum in pentavalent vanadium source and phosphorus source is 1:1-1.2.
Preferably, in step 1), the ferric iron source is one or more of ferric nitrate, ferric trichloride, ferric sulfate
Mixture；Bivalent manganese source is the mixture of one or more of manganese nitrate, manganese acetate, manganese sulfate, manganese chloride；Pentavalent vanadium source is
The mixture of one or more of ammonium metavanadate, vanadic anhydride；Phosphorus source is phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphorus
The mixture of one or more of acid dihydride lithium and tertiary sodium phosphate.
Preferably, in step 1), the concentration of the ammonia spirit is 0.5-5M.Ammonia spirit is mixed with above-mentioned various raw materials
After closing solution mixing, the pH value of adjustable reaction system provides the environment of co-precipitation for various raw materials.It is coprecipitated in various raw materials
The ammonium hydroxide adulterated during shallow lake can be removed by subsequent roasting process, will not influence the purity of product.
Preferably, in step 2), the temperature of the coprecipitation reaction is 25-80 DEG C, reaction time 1-30h, and pH value is
2-3.When pH value is 2-3, the purity for the sediment that the speed of co-precipitation and co-precipitation obtain is all preferable.
Preferably, in step 2), in the coprecipitation reaction, the stirring rate to solution is 200-800rpm.Stirring speed
Rate is excessive, and energy consumption is excessively high, and stirring rate is too small, reacts insufficient.
Preferably, in step 3), the temperature of the drying is 80-100 DEG C, and the dry time is 4-8h.Temperature is excessively high, does
When dry overlong time, energy consumption is high；Temperature is too low, and drying time is too short, and drying is insufficient.
Preferably, in step 3), the pre-burning is to carry out in an inert atmosphere, and the temperature of pre-burning is 300-500 DEG C, pre-burning
Time be 3-6h.
Contain the crystallization water in precipitated product, and crystal water content is unstable, be easy to appear deviation in subsequent proportion scale,
Influence the accuracy of test.So needing to remove the crystallization water in precipitated product.The temperature of pre-burning is too low, burn-in time is too short
It will lead to that reaction is insufficient, and the temperature of pre-burning is excessively high or the overlong time of pre-burning has the generation of other reactants；In inert gas
Pre-burning is carried out, is the generation of the miscellaneous phases such as di-iron trioxide in order to prevent.
A kind of preparation method of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode, includes the following steps:
Above-mentioned phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium persursor material is uniformly mixed with lithium source and carbon source, after dry, is roasted in inert atmosphere
It burns, obtains phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon (LiFe1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4/ C) positive electrode.
Carbon is both ferric reducing agent, keeps the iron in phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium to be positive divalent, carbon is phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium again
The conductive agent of lithium material needs to add conductive agent because phase pure material electric conductivity is very poor.
Preferably, the temperature of the roasting is 600-900 DEG C, and the time of roasting is 10-20h.
Preferably, the lithium source and the molar ratio of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma are 1-1.2:1, and the dosage of carbon source is ferric phosphate
The 0.1-20wt% of manganese lithium.
Preferably, the lithium source be one of lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium dihydrogen phosphate, lithium acetate and lithium oxalate or
Several mixtures.
Preferably, the carbon source is the mixture of one or more of citric acid, ethylene glycol, sucrose, glucose.
Phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Of the invention prepares phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium presoma first, uses ferric compound as iron during the preparation process
Source, control iron determination variation it is upper it is unique (use ferric iron source, without the concern for ferrous problem of oxidation,
Content of the test is simplified, without the concern for too many factor), it can guarantee that ferric iron back is two in subsequent carbon thermal reduction step
Valence, and then obtain purity and all higher LiFe of chemical property1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4Material.LiFe1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4Material
The performance advantage for having had both high-energy-density and high-specific-power is conducive to be applied in pure electric automobile power battery.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
129.28g ferric nitrate, 8.053g manganese sulfate, 3.1195g ammonium metavanadate are weighed, deionized water is added in 39.2g phosphoric acid
It is settled to after mixed dissolution 1L (acid solution molar concentration is about 0.4M), measures 200ml concentrated ammonia liquor, deionized water is added and is settled to 1L
(lye molar concentration is about 1M), acid solution and lye are pumped into respectively with the feed rate of 1L/h fill deionized water stirring it is anti-
It answers in kettle, controls 40 DEG C of reaction temperature, stirring rate 200rpm, pH value in reaction is about 2, takes out precipitated product after reacting 1h, washes
It washs and is separated by solid-liquid separation afterwards for several times, be put into 80 DEG C of oven drying 5h, 300 DEG C of pre-burning 6h obtain phosphorus under inert atmosphere protection in tube furnace
Sour ferrovanadium manganese (Fe0.8Mn0。133V0.066PO4) persursor material, weigh 6g iron vanadium manganese phosphate (Fe0.8Mn0。133V0.066PO4) forerunner
4ml deionized water is added in body material, 1.6672g lithium hydroxide, 1.4g sucrose, after mixing the dry 5h in 80 DEG C of baking ovens,
It is put into tube furnace, the lower 600 DEG C of roastings 12h of inert atmosphere protection obtains phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium anode material (LiFe0.8Mn0。 133V0.066PO4) (phosphorus content is 4% or so, 96%) content of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium is.Using metal lithium sheet as cathode, this is measured
Specific discharge capacity of the material at room temperature under 1C multiplying power is about 150mAh/g.
Embodiment 2: weighing 282.8g ferric nitrate, 50.2g manganese nitrate, 11.698g ammonium metavanadate, 115g ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate,
It is settled to 1L (acid solution molar concentration is about 1M) after deionized water mixed dissolution is added, measures 600ml concentrated ammonia liquor, deionization is added
Water is settled to 1L (lye molar concentration is about 3M), and acid solution and lye are pumped into respectively with the feed rate of 500mL/h and filled
In the stirred autoclave of ionized water, 30 DEG C of reaction temperature are controlled, stirring rate 600rpm, pH value in reaction is about 3, is taken after reacting 2h
Precipitated product out, washing are separated by solid-liquid separation afterwards for several times, 80 DEG C of oven drying 5h are put into, in tube furnace 500 under inert atmosphere protection
DEG C pre-burning 6h obtains iron vanadium manganese phosphate (Fe0.7Mn0。2V0.1PO4) persursor material, weigh 6g iron vanadium manganese phosphate (Fe0.7Mn0。 2V0.1PO4) persursor material, 1.6g lithium carbonate, 1.0g glucose, addition 4ml deionized water, after mixing in 80 DEG C of baking ovens
Middle dry 5h, is put into tube furnace, and the lower 700 DEG C of roastings 16h of inert atmosphere protection obtains phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium anode material
(LiFe0.7Mn0。2V0.1PO4) (phosphorus content is 4.5% or so, 95.5%) content of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium is.It is with metal lithium sheet
Cathode, measuring specific discharge capacity of the material at room temperature under 1C multiplying power is about 155mAh/g.
Embodiment 3:0.4M, x=0.6 ferric trichloride, manganese acetate, vanadic anhydride, lithium carbonate, sucrose
Weigh 25.952g ferric trichloride, 27.68g manganese acetate, 14.55g vanadic anhydride, 39.2g phosphoric acid, addition go from
It is settled to after sub- water mixed dissolution 1L (acid solution molar concentration is about 0.4M), measures 200ml concentrated ammonia liquor, deionized water constant volume is added
To 1L (lye molar concentration is about 1M), acid solution and lye are pumped into respectively with the feed rate of 1L/h and fill stirring for deionized water
It mixes in reaction kettle, controls 30 DEG C of reaction temperature, stirring rate 600rpm, pH value in reaction is about 3, takes out precipitating production after reacting 1h
Object, washing are separated by solid-liquid separation afterwards for several times, are put into 80 DEG C of oven drying 5h, 500 DEG C of pre-burning 6h under inert atmosphere protection in tube furnace
Obtain iron vanadium manganese phosphate (Fe0.4Mn0。4V0.2PO4) persursor material, weigh 6g iron vanadium manganese phosphate (Fe0.4Mn0。4V0.2PO4) forerunner
4ml deionized water is added in body material, 1.6g lithium carbonate, 1.4g sucrose, and the dry 5h in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, is put into after mixing
Tube furnace, the lower 800 DEG C of roastings 12h of inert atmosphere protection obtain phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium anode material (LiFe0.4Mn0。4V0.2PO4)
(phosphorus content is 5% or so, 95%) content of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium is.Using metal lithium sheet as cathode, the material is measured in room temperature
A specific capacity of putting under lower 1C multiplying power is about 140mAh/g.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not to invention protection scope
Limitation, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not required to
It is still within the scope of the present invention to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode, characterized by the following steps:
1) prepare ferric iron source, bivalent manganese source, pentavalent vanadium source and phosphorus source mixed solution, and prepare ammonia spirit；
The total concentration of ferric iron source, bivalent manganese source and pentavalent vanadium source is 0.2-2M；Ferric iron source, bivalent manganese source and pentavalent vanadium source
With with the molar ratio of phosphorus source be 1:1-1.2；
The ferric iron source is the mixture of one or more of ferric nitrate, ferric trichloride, ferric sulfate；Bivalent manganese source is nitric acid
The mixture of one or more of manganese, manganese acetate, manganese sulfate, manganese chloride；Pentavalent vanadium source is ammonium metavanadate, in vanadic anhydride
One or more of mixtures；Phosphorus source is in phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, lithium dihydrogen phosphate and tertiary sodium phosphate
One or more of mixtures；
2) after mixing the mixed solution by setting ratio with ammonia spirit, coprecipitation reaction obtains precipitated product；
The temperature of coprecipitation reaction is 25-80 DEG C, reaction time 1-30h, pH value 2-3；Stirring rate to solution is
200-800rpm；
3) precipitated product process is washed, dry, pre-burning, acquisition phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium persursor material, before phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium
The chemical composition for driving body is Fe1-xMn2x/3Vx/3PO4, 0 < x < 1；The pre-burning is to carry out in an inert atmosphere, the temperature of pre-burning
It is 300-500 DEG C, the time of pre-burning is 3-6h；
4) the phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium persursor material is uniformly mixed with lithium source and carbon source, after dry, is roasted in inert atmosphere,
Obtain phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode；The temperature of roasting is 600-900 DEG C, and the time of roasting is 10-20h；Lithium source and phosphorus
The molar ratio of sour ferrimanganic vanadium presoma is 1-1.2:1, and the dosage of carbon source is the 0.1-20wt% of phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3), the temperature of the drying is 80-100
DEG C, the dry time is 4-8h.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lithium source is lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
The mixture of one or more of hydrogen lithium, lithium acetate and lithium oxalate；
The carbon source is the mixture of one or more of citric acid, ethylene glycol, sucrose, glucose.
4. phosphoric acid ferrimanganic vanadium lithium/carbon positive electrode that any preparation method of claim 1-3 is prepared.
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| CN107697899B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-04-17 | 中钢集团安徽天源科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of battery-grade iron manganese phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, battery positive electrode material and secondary battery |
| CN108695514A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-10-23 | 湖南图强科技开发有限公司 | A kind of anode material for lithium-ion batteries of good cycle and preparation method thereof |
| CN108878846A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-23 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of anode material for lithium-ion batteries, preparation method and lithium ion battery |
| CN113078323A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-06 | 天津斯科兰德科技有限公司 | Preparation method of composite multi-element iron phosphate manganese vanadium lithium cathode material |
| WO2024020795A1 (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Composite positive electrode material, preparation method therefor, secondary battery, battery module, battery pack and electrical apparatus |
| CN117117120A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-11-24 | 天津凯莫赛新能源技术开发中心 | Vanadium-containing self-supplementing lithium composite phosphate positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
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