CN106485015A - A kind of determination method of mine tomography coverage - Google Patents
A kind of determination method of mine tomography coverage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of determination method of mine tomography coverage, belongs to mine safety production technique field, and the present invention discloses situation according to geological prospecting information and tunnelling it is determined that the omen coverage of shear-zone；Mechanical property experiment according to the neighbouring coal rock layer of shear-zone is it is determined that the reduction band of upper and lower two disks of tomography；According to three-dimensional fine numerical model, the inverting distribution characteristicss of crustal stress, theoretically calculate maximum principal stress coverage；Finally, by the union of three, scientifically determine the spacial influence scope of shear-zone；This will provide a kind of new determination method for tomography coverage, also the risk zontation inducing coal rock dynamic disaster for fault tectonic band is provided new thinking and method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mine safety production technique field is and in particular to a kind of determination side of mine tomography coverage
Method.
Background technology
The coal rock dynamic disaster of tomography induction become threaten China deep exploitation of coal resources major impetus disaster it
One；From the point of view of statistical analysiss according to domestic a large amount of mines, when closing on fault tectonic area and carrying out digging operation, it is more easy to impact ground
The coal rock dynamic disasters such as pressure, coal and gas prominent, occur suddenly and destructive strong, cause a large amount of injures and deaths of personnel, to mine
Safety in production bring serious threat.Want effectively to prevent and treat the coal rock dynamic disaster of tomography induction it is necessary to judge in advance first
The coverage of layer.But at present, there is no effective method to determine or to predict the coverage of tomography, can only be using on a large scale
The real-time monitoring of many means come to judge to close on the safety and stability situation in shear-zone tunnel it is difficult to for local danger area carry out weight
Point monitoring, thus cause a large amount of consumption of human and material resources and financial resources.The smudgy of tomography coverage also gives fault tectonic
The prediction and warning of type coal rock dynamic disaster brings trouble, cannot determine whether the monitoring information in certain region belongs to tomography
Active characteristics.It can be seen that, the determination method of shear-zone coverage seems and is even more important, and is badly in need of solving.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of determination method of mine tomography coverage, right to reach
Sentencing of tomography deathtrap is known and can timely and effectively be taken targetedly prophylactico-therapeutic measuress.
A kind of determination method of mine tomography coverage, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the geological information being disclosed according to geological prospecting and down-hole mining, determine the spatial distribution position of each tomography
Put, the space structure of each tomography and coal rock layer and geometric shape；
Step 2, the structural configuration according to coal seam and rock stratum Joint fissured roof degree, coal seam and rock stratum, the thickness change in coal seam, coal
In the change of rock stratum roof and floor elevation, tunneling process, strata behavior analysis of roadway manifests in degree, coal gas content and tunneling process watt
The change of this outburst amount, determines the omen coverage of tomography；
Step 3, the standard specimen of extraction coal petrography core processing and fabricating coal petrography sample to be measured, and carry out mechanical test in laboratory,
Obtain the mechanical characteristic of each coal rock layer, determine the mechanical property of coal seam of near Faults, so that it is determined that the coal petrography power of near Faults
Learn property and weaken band；
Step 4, arrange crustal stress measuring point in production zone and its near Faults, obtain crustal stress；
Step 5, the geological information according to step 1, build the three-dimensional geological model that can describe seam contrast, reconvert
One-tenth can simulate the numerical model of calculating；
Step 6, the mechanical characteristic according to each coal rock layer in step 3, select mole coulomb model, give numerical model
The mechanics parameter of middle coal rock layer, carrys out joint inversion boundary stress using the actual measurement crustal stress in method for numerical simulation and step 4 and adds
Carrier strip part, carries out initial balance calculating by the border loading environment determining to model, obtains the initial in-site stress field of model；
Step 7, the three-dimensional ground stress cloud atlas obtaining inverting, make cut-plane slices along work surface trend, by facing in section
Nearly shear-zone maximum principal stress is more than the region that its meansigma methods sets multiple or sets multiple less than its meansigma methods, as tomography
The influence range of stress of band；
Step 8, the mechanical property of coal seam of the omen coverage of tomography, near Faults is weakened the stress shadow of band and tomography
Ring scope and seek union, obtain the final coverage of shear-zone.
Geological information described in step 1, including：The lithology on each stratum, the thickness on each stratum, the top board on each stratum
What height value, the floor elevation value on each stratum, each fault strike, each tomography tendency, each tomography were inclined to annihilates a seat
Mark, each fault strike direction annihilate point coordinates, fault gouge thickness of interlayer, co-hade, fault throw and turn-off.
The standard specimen of the extraction coal petrography core processing and fabricating coal petrography sample to be measured described in step 3, and carry out mechanics in laboratory
Test, obtains the mechanical characteristic of each coal rock layer, determines the mechanical property of coal seam of near Faults, so that it is determined that the coal of near Faults
Rock mechanical property weakens band；
Specifically include following steps：
Step 3-1, probing or down-hole mining are surveyed by ground, obtain coal seam and rock stratum core, be processed into laboratory and test institute
The standard specimen needing, tests the mechanical property in each coal seam and the coal and rock of rock stratum；
The mechanical property of described coal and rock, including：The elastic modelling quantity of coal and rock, Poisson's ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, tension
Intensity, cohesiveness and internal friction angle；
Step 3-2, adopt Kriging regression method, the mechanical strength of the coal body according to known location and rock mass estimates unknown
The coal body in place and rock mass mechanics intensity, if the mechanical strength of the coal body or rock mass that close on tomography place is less than this coal seam or rock stratum
The setting percentage ratio of mechanical strength meansigma methodss, then this place is weakening region；By interpolation method encryption data point, obtain coal rock layer
The critical contour that mechanical strength weakens, the atenuator region that contour is surrounded is that the mechanical property of coal seam near shear-zone weakens
Band；
Described mechanical strength is uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength.
The geological information according to step 1 described in step 5, builds the three-dimensional geological model that can describe seam contrast,
Reconvert becomes to simulate the numerical model of calculating, comprises the following steps that：
Step 5-1, according to the geological information in step 1, generate the structure of the data point, tomography and fold of coal rock layer roof and floor
Make characteristic curve, set up the triangulation network INTERFACE MODEL of coal rock layer top, base plate respectively according to data point and structural features line, by each coal petrography
The triangulation network INTERFACE MODEL of layer stacks successively according to the stratum spatial order of boring composite columnar section, and generation can describe ocurrence of coal seam
The three-dimensional geological model of feature；
Whether step 5-2, inspection each coal seam of three-dimensional geological model, rock stratum and geological structural belt meet objective reality, if
Meet then to meet and require, then execution step 5-3, otherwise, return execution step 5-1；
Step 5-3, using limited element analysis technique, three-dimensional geological model is carried out with grid cell division, chooses constitutive model,
Different rock-layers give different physical and mechanical parameters from coal seam, from free partition mode each geology to three-dimensional geological model
Body carries out stress and strain model；
Step 5-4, the three-dimensional geological model having divided grid is changed into the numerical model that can simulate calculating.
The mechanical characteristic according to each coal rock layer in step 3 described in step 6, selects mole coulomb model, gives number
The mechanics parameter of coal rock layer in value model, comes joint inversion border using method for numerical simulation with the actual measurement crustal stress in step 4
Stress loading condition, carries out initial balance calculating by the border loading environment determining to model, obtains initially should of model
The field of force；
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 6-1, the crustal stress being obtained according to step 4, that is, maximum horizontal principal stress, minimum horizontal principal stress are answered with vertical
Force data, makes the linear relationship with change in depth for three principal stresses respectively, determines 3 sides by linearly doing linear fit equation
To crustal stress with change in depth gradient, i.e. the slope of linear equation；
Step 6-2, determine the border loading mode of three-dimensional geological model, in the X and Y horizontal direction two of three-dimensional geological model
Side applies the edge load with depth linear change, other side displacement constraints, and earth's surface is free end, and bottom surface is fixing end；
Step 6-3, according to actual measurement ground stress characteristics, determine the reasonable value scope of border loading environment in numerical model；
Step 6-4, application orthogonal test method determine numerical simulation scheme, according to number and each factor of inverting factor
The number of levels chosen commonly uses orthogonal test table to select；
Step 6-5, the parameter sample being formed orthogonal table, obtain, by step 6-3, the quantum condition that border loads,
Carry out initial balance calculating in numerical model, obtain the crustal stress corresponding with eyeball, that is, maximum, minimum horizontal principal stress and
Vertical stress；
Step 6-6, respectively using calculated stress value sample and boundary parameter sample as support vector machine input
Sample and output sample, build support vector machine training pattern, then the support vector machine that actual measurement crustal stress value input is trained
Model, output obtains the parameter value treating inverting；
Step 6-7, the boundary condition being obtained based on inverting, then carry out numerical simulation calculation, obtain relative with actual measurement place
Maximum, minimum horizontal principal stress and the vertical stress answered, builds evaluation relation formula, and checking is simulated whether the stress calculating meets
The precision of objective reality；
Step 6-8, the Optimal Boundary loading environment obtaining Inversion Calculation, give numerical model, are obtained by simulating calculating
Obtain initial in-site stress field.
Advantage of the present invention：
The present invention proposes a kind of determination method of mine tomography coverage, is taken off according to geological prospecting information and tunnelling
Dew situation is it is determined that the omen coverage of shear-zone；Mechanical property experiment according to the neighbouring coal rock layer of shear-zone is it is determined that tomography
The reduction band of upper and lower two disks；According to three-dimensional fine numerical model, the inverting distribution characteristicss of crustal stress, theoretically calculate
Maximum principal stress coverage；Finally, by the union of three, scientifically determine the spacial influence scope of shear-zone；This
A kind of new determination method will be provided for tomography coverage, also will induce the danger of coal rock dynamic disaster for fault tectonic band
Region division provides new thinking and method.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the determination method flow diagram of the mine tomography coverage of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the tomography omen schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, 1- fault plane, 2- thickness change band, 3- breaks
Aspect side coal seam, 4- fault plane side drag folds band, 5- fault plane side joints development band, 6- fault plane opposite side joint
Development belt, 7- fault plane opposite side drag folds band, 8- joint, 9- fault plane opposite side coal seam；
Fig. 3 is the near Faults gas bearing distribution schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, A- gas scatters and disappears, B-
Gas bearing capacity reduces area, and C- gas bearing capacity increases area extremely, and D- gas bearing capacity normally increases area；
Fig. 4 is step 5 flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the AUTOCAD view of the three-dimensional geological model of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the FLAC3D view of the three-dimensional fine numerical model of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is step 6 flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the border loading mode schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, 10- earth's surface, 11- stratum, 12- water
Horizontal stress.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings an embodiment of the present invention is described further.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the determination method of mine tomography coverage, method flow diagram as shown in figure 1, include with
Lower step：
Step 1, the geological information being disclosed according to geological prospecting and down-hole mining, determine the spatial distribution position of each tomography
Put, the space structure of each tomography and coal rock layer (or referred to as coal seam and rock stratum or stratum) and geometric shape；
In the embodiment of the present invention, described geological information, including：The lithology on each stratum, the thickness on each stratum, each
The top board height value on stratum, the floor elevation value on each stratum, each fault strike, each tomography tendency, each tomography tendency
Annihilate point coordinates, each fault strike direction annihilate point coordinates, fault gouge thickness of interlayer, co-hade, fault throw and
Turn-off；
Step 2, the structural configuration according to coal seam and rock stratum Joint fissured roof degree, coal seam and rock stratum, the thickness change in coal seam, coal
In the change of rock stratum roof and floor elevation, tunneling process, strata behavior analysis of roadway manifests in degree, coal gas content and tunneling process watt
The change of this outburst amount, determines omen coverage R of tomography0；
In the embodiment of the present invention, described tomography Precursory Characters, mainly include situations below：
(1) same coal seam or rock stratum are nearer with tomography distance, and its joint quantity is higher with development degree, as shown in Figure 2.Especially
When it closes on tomography, coal seam is reached full growth with the joint of rock stratum, can pass through the joint quantity of prospecting by boring coal petrography core unit length
Or the joint quantity in coal petrography core degree of crushing, and drift section under the 10m inspection well and development degree, and then determine disconnected
Layer precursor coverage R01；
(2) near Faults coal rock layer occurs drag folds, as shown in Fig. 2 being cutd open by the geology that drilling information is drawn
The exposure of face figure and down-hole driving is drawing a circle to approve the initial position occurring of fold, and then determines tomography omen coverage R02；
(3) because the coal seam of near Faults is subject to the effect of competent structure stress it may occur that Plastic Flow is it is easy to occur substantially
Thickness change band, as shown in Figure 2；Exposure situation is tunneled with down-hole according to drilling information, emphasis observes the unexpected of coal seam thickness
Situation of change, if coal seam is thickening suddenly or thinning in certain position, thus can determine that tomography omen coverage R03；
(4) due near Faults occur coal rock layer drag folds, thickness change, fracture dislocation, same coal seam and rock
Inherently there is significant change near Faults, if the top board of coal rock layer or floor elevation value are at certain in the roof and floor height value of layer
Position is increased suddenly or is reduced, and thus judges omen coverage R of tomography04；
(5) if the roadway surrounding rock closing on tomography more crushes it will usually wall caving, pucking, crushing and top board pressure
Strongly manifesting of power, can determine tomography omen coverage R according to the position that the strong ore deposit pressure in tunnel initially manifests05；
(6) lot of practical data shows, fault tectonic has important impact to coal seam gas-bearing capacity；As shown in figure 3, due to
Tomography is subject to strong tectonic movement so that the coal and rock of neighbouring fault plane forms a large amount of cracks, gas along fault plane loss,
Line location A is made to become the lost area of gas；Due to the tectonic stress release of line B location, make low-pressure area, coal-bed gas are big
Amount desorbing, equally from fault plane loss, makes coal-bed gas content drastically decline；But online location of C is general away from the both sides of fault plane
Form tectonic stress higher-pressure region, coal seam gas-bearing capacity raises relatively, become and stop coal-bed gas further to the sky of tomography migration
So barrier, makes abnormal areas of elevated；Line D position is the normal riser region of gas bearing capacity.Based on above-mentioned near Faults
Gas Preservative Law, if near Faults position starts gas average content coal gas content and same exploiting field coal seam
Compare and extremely increased or decrease, gas emission the abnormal phenomenon increasing or reducing also it may be determined that tomography omen affects model
Enclose R06.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the most above-mentioned acquired omen coverage seeks union, thus obtain final before
Million coverages R0, i.e. R0=R01∪R02∪R03∪R04∪R05∪R06.If manifesting of above-mentioned indivedual Precursory Characters is not obvious,
Now, can be asked according to the omen coverage that can determine and；
Step 3, the standard specimen of extraction coal petrography core processing and fabricating coal petrography sample to be measured, and carry out mechanical test in laboratory,
Obtain the mechanical characteristic of each coal rock layer, determine the mechanical property of coal seam of near Faults, so that it is determined that the coal petrography power of near Faults
Learn property and weaken band；
Specifically include following steps：
Step 3-1, by ground survey probing or down-hole mining, especially near shear-zone, increase exploration density, acquisition coal seam
With rock stratum core, according to standard GB/T/T23561《Coal and physical-mechanical properties of rock assay method》, it is processed into laboratory and survey
The required standard specimen of examination, tests the mechanical property in each coal seam and the coal and rock of rock stratum；The mechanical property of described coal and rock,
Including：The elastic modelling quantity of coal and rock, Poisson's ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, cohesiveness and internal friction angle；
Step 3-2, the Kriging regression method adopting in geostatistics, the power of the coal body according to known location and rock mass
Learn intensity to estimate coal body and the rock mass mechanics intensity in unknown place, if closing on the coal body in tomography place or the mechanical strength of rock mass
Less than this coal seam or rock layer mechanics average strength 80% then it is assumed that this place is weakening region.Encryption is obtained by interpolation method
Data point, the critical contour weakening by Suffer Software on Drawing coal rock layer mechanical strength, the reduction that this contour is surrounded
Region is referred to as weakening band R1；Described mechanical strength is uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength；
Step 4, arrange crustal stress measuring point in production zone and its near Faults, obtain crustal stress；
In the embodiment of the present invention, arrange crustal stress measuring point, method of testing can be caused using hollow inclusion strain gauge method or hydraulic pressure
Split method, the as far as possible crustal stress of actual measurement production zone and its near Faults, if actual measurement is more difficult, the ground of residing region can be utilized
The analogy experience of matter mechanics data or down-hole difference exploiting fields or adjacent mine is thus it is speculated that the substantially distribution characteristicss of stress field.Ground should
The method of testing of power is not fixed, and current industry technology is more ripe, can be selected according to actual needs；
Step 5, the geological information according to step 1, according to point, line, surface, the geometric element of body, structure can describe coal seam and assign
Deposit the three-dimensional geological model of feature；Import FLAC3D numerical simulation software again, be converted into simulating the numerical model of calculating；
As shown in figure 4, comprising the following steps that：
Step 5-1, according to the geological information in step 1, generate the structure of the data point, tomography and fold of coal rock layer roof and floor
Make characteristic curve, set up the triangulation network INTERFACE MODEL of coal rock layer top, base plate respectively according to data point and structural features line, by each coal petrography
The triangulation network INTERFACE MODEL of layer stacks successively according to the stratum spatial order of boring composite columnar section, and ultimately generating can accurate description
The three-dimensional geological body Model of the Geologic Structure Features such as tomography, fold；
In the embodiment of the present invention, select ARCGIS, MAPGIS, 3DMINE or AUTOCAD application software, Fig. 5 be
The regional area three-dimensional geologic model instance of the Yima eternal lasting ore deposit generating in AUTOCAD.
Whether step 5-2, inspection each coal seam of three-dimensional geological model, rock stratum and geological structural belt meet objective reality, if
Meet then to meet and require, then execution step 5-3, otherwise, return execution step 5-1；
Step 5-3, using limited element analysis technique, three-dimensional geological model is carried out with grid cell division, chooses constitutive model,
Different rock-layers give different physical and mechanical parameters from coal seam, from free partition mode each geology to three-dimensional geological model
Body carries out stress and strain model；
In the embodiment of the present invention, three-dimensional geological body Model is output as .sat formatted file, imports ANSYS14.0 software,
Purpose is to carry out grid cell division to three-dimensional geological body Model, for this reason, constitutive model can arbitrarily be chosen, recommends bullet here
Property model, different rock-layers and coal seam give different elastic modelling quantity and Poisson's ratio.Select unit body type is Solid185,
From freely dividing Free pattern, stress and strain model is carried out to each geologic body；
Step 5-4, the three-dimensional geological model having divided grid is changed into the numerical model that can simulate calculating；
In the embodiment of the present invention, check that grid cell body divides quality, if important area grid cell is sparse, again draw
Point；Otherwise, by coding interface, ANSYS FEM (finite element) model is generated the data file of .Flac3D, import FLAC3D soft
Part, changes into the numerical model that can calculate in this software Imitating.As shown in fig. 6, being the Yima eternal lasting in the embodiment of the present invention
Ore deposit three-dimensional fine numerical model FLAC3D view；Check that the grid cell in FLAC3D whether there is abnormal, can pass through
Attach face order checks for sub-grid (isolated node), if not existing, model imports successfully, can carry out
Numerical simulation calculation；If existing, by gen merge order, isolated node is merged, if yet suffering from solely after merging
Vertical node or occur in that lopsided cell cube, then execution step 5-1；
Step 6, the mechanical characteristic according to each coal rock layer in step 3, select mole coulomb model, give numerical model
The mechanics parameter of middle coal rock layer, its parameter includes：Density, bulk moduluses, modulus of shearing, Poisson's ratio, cohesiveness, internal friction angle；
And according to the actual measurement crustal stress in step 4 come inverting boundary stress loading environment, by the border loading environment of determination to model
Carry out initial balance calculating, obtain the initial in-site stress field of model；
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, comprising the following steps that：
Step 6-1, the crustal stress being obtained according to step 4, that is, maximum horizontal principal stress, minimum horizontal principal stress are answered with vertical
Force data, makes the linear relationship with change in depth for three principal stresses respectively, determines 3 sides by linearly doing linear fit equation
To crustal stress with change in depth gradient, i.e. the slope of linear equation；
Step 6-2, determine the border loading mode of three-dimensional geological model, in the embodiment of the present invention, from as shown in Figure 8
Loading mode, applies the edge load with depth linear change, other sides in the X and Y horizontal direction both sides of three-dimensional geological model
Face displacement constraint, earth's surface is free end, and bottom surface is fixing end；
Step 6-3, according to actual measurement ground stress characteristics, determine the reasonable value scope of border loading environment in numerical model；
In the embodiment of the present invention, boundary stress is loaded and is calculated by following formula：
σX=x+C1H
σY=y+C2H
σZ=λγH (1)
In formula, σXFor X-direction border loading stress, MPa；σYFor Y-direction border loading stress, MPa；σZFor vertical stress,
MPa；H is to adopt depth, m；C1、C2For being respectively X with Y-direction horizontal stress with the stress gradient adopting deep change, step 6-1 can be passed through
Linear fit calculates and acquires；γ is volume-weighted average, kN/m3；X, y parameter refers to practically stress value or arbitrarily selection one
Determine scope, selected scope preferably comprises to survey maximum, the minima of crustal stress horizontal direction principal stress；λ advises span
(0.5,2), is determined on a case-by-case basis；
Step 6-4, choose some levels in the span of 3 factors x, y and λ it is proposed that from 3 factor 8 level
Orthogonal test, then corresponding conventional orthogonal design table is L64(89), that is, need to do 64 groups of numerical simulations, 8 groups of each factor
Hydraulic test value is the value of the first, last two-end-point in its span and Along ent；
Step 6-5, the parameter sample being formed orthogonal table, load bar by the border that step 6-3 is calculated quantization
Part, carries out initial balance calculating in FLAC3D becomes more meticulous model, obtains the crustal stress corresponding with eyeball, that is, maximum,
Little horizontal principal stress and vertical stress；
Step 6-6, using calculated stress value sample and boundary parameter sample as the input of support vector machine
Sample and output sample, build support vector machine training pattern, then (maximum, minimum level master should will to survey three-dimensional crustal stress value
Power and vertical stress) input the supporting vector machine model training, parameter value x, y and λ of inverting is as treated in output；
Step 6-7, the boundary condition of foundation step 6-6 Inversion Calculation, carry out FLAC3D simulation and calculate, and obtain and survey ground
The corresponding maximum of point, minimum horizontal principal stress and vertical stress.If the stress of measuring point meets following formula required precision, find
To Optimal Boundary condition, calculating terminates；Otherwise, repeat step 6-1, till calculating meets precision.
max(|σH-σ′H|/σH, | σh-σ′h|/σh, | σv-σ′v|/σv) ＜ ε (2)
Wherein, σH、σ′HIt is respectively the maximum horizontal principal stress being actual measurement maximum horizontal principal stress with simulation gained；σh、σ′h
It is respectively the minimum horizontal principal stress of actual measurement minimum horizontal principal stress and simulation gained；σv、σ′vRespectively survey vertical stress with
The vertical stress of simulation gained；ε is precision, can use 0.5 here；
Step 6-8, the Optimal Boundary loading environment obtaining Inversion Calculation, give numerical model, are obtained by simulating calculating
Obtain initial in-site stress field；
Step 7, by the three-dimensional ground stress cloud atlas of step 6 Inversion Calculation, make cut-plane slices along work surface trend, in cutting into slices
Close on the region conduct that shear-zone maximum principal stress is more than 1.05 times of its meansigma methods or less than its meansigma methods 0.95 times
The influence range of stress of shear-zone, is denoted as R2；
Step 8, omen coverage R to shear-zone0, the mechanical property of coal seam near shear-zone weaken band R1With tomography
The influence range of stress R of band2Seek union, thus obtaining final coverage R of shear-zone, i.e. R=R0∪R1∪R2.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of determination method of mine tomography coverage is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the geological information being disclosed according to geological prospecting and down-hole mining, determine the spatial distribution position of each tomography, each
The space structure of individual tomography and coal rock layer and geometric shape；
Step 2, the structural configuration according to coal seam and rock stratum Joint fissured roof degree, coal seam and rock stratum, the thickness change in coal seam, coal rock layer
In the change of roof and floor elevation, tunneling process, the gas in degree, coal gas content and tunneling process that manifests of strata behavior analysis of roadway gushes
The change of output, determines the omen coverage of tomography；
Step 3, the standard specimen of extraction coal petrography core processing and fabricating coal petrography sample to be measured, and carry out mechanical test in laboratory, obtain
The mechanical characteristic of each coal rock layer, determines the mechanical property of coal seam of near Faults, so that it is determined that the coal petrography mechanical property of near Faults
Matter weakens band；
Step 4, arrange crustal stress measuring point in production zone and its near Faults, obtain crustal stress；
Step 5, the geological information according to step 1, build the three-dimensional geological model that can describe seam contrast, and reconvert becomes can
The numerical model that simulation calculates；
Step 6, the mechanical characteristic according to each coal rock layer in step 3, select mole coulomb model, give coal in numerical model
The mechanics parameter of rock stratum, and added with the actual measurement crustal stress joint inversion boundary stress optimum in step 4 using method for numerical simulation
Carrier strip part, carries out initial balance calculating by the border loading environment determining to model, obtains the initial in-site stress field of model；
Step 7, the three-dimensional ground stress cloud atlas obtaining inverting, make cut-plane slices along work surface trend, and closing in cutting into slices is disconnected
Layer is more than its meansigma methods with maximum principal stress and sets multiple or the region less than its meansigma methods setting multiple, as shear-zone
Influence range of stress；
Step 8, the mechanical property of coal seam of the omen coverage of tomography, near Faults is weakened the stress influence model of band and tomography
Enclose and seek union, obtain the final coverage of shear-zone.
2. the determination method of mine tomography coverage according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that ground described in step 1
Matter information, including：The lithology on each stratum, the thickness on each stratum, the top board height value on each stratum, the base plate on each stratum
Height value, each fault strike, each tomography tendency, each tomography tendency annihilate point coordinates, each fault strike direction
Annihilate point coordinates, fault gouge thickness of interlayer, co-hade, fault throw and turn-off.
3. the determination method of mine tomography coverage according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that carrying described in step 3
Take the standard specimen of coal petrography core processing and fabricating coal petrography sample to be measured, and carry out mechanical test in laboratory, obtain each coal rock layer
Mechanical characteristic, determines the mechanical property of coal seam of near Faults, so that it is determined that the mechanical property of coal seam of near Faults weakens band；
Specifically include following steps：
Step 3-1, probing or down-hole mining are surveyed by ground, obtain coal seam and rock stratum core, be processed into needed for laboratory test
Standard specimen, tests the mechanical property in each coal seam and the coal and rock of rock stratum；
The mechanical property of described coal and rock, including：The elastic modelling quantity of coal and rock, Poisson's ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, tension are strong
Degree, cohesiveness and internal friction angle；
Step 3-2, adopt Kriging regression method, the mechanical strength of the coal body according to known location and rock mass estimates unknown place
Coal body and rock mass mechanics intensity, if the mechanical strength of the coal body or rock mass that close on tomography place is less than this coal seam or rock layer mechanics
The setting percentage ratio of average strength, then this place is weakening region；By interpolation method encryption data point, obtain coal rock layer mechanics
The critical contour of weakening strength, the atenuator region that contour is surrounded is that the mechanical property of coal seam near shear-zone weakens band；
Described mechanical strength is uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength.
4. the determination method of mine tomography coverage according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that root described in step 5
According to the geological information of step 1, build the three-dimensional geological model that can describe seam contrast, reconvert becomes to simulate the number of calculating
Value model, comprises the following steps that：
Step 5-1, according to the geological information in step 1, the construction generating the data point, tomography and fold of coal rock layer roof and floor is special
Levy line, set up the triangulation network INTERFACE MODEL of coal rock layer top, base plate respectively according to data point and structural features line, by each coal rock layer
Triangulation network INTERFACE MODEL stacks successively according to the stratum spatial order of boring composite columnar section, and generation can describe seam contrast
Three-dimensional geological model；
Whether step 5-2, inspection each coal seam of three-dimensional geological model, rock stratum and geological structural belt meet objective reality, if meeting
Then meet and require, then execution step 5-3, otherwise, return execution step 5-1；
Step 5-3, using limited element analysis technique, three-dimensional geological model is carried out with grid cell division, choose constitutive model, different
Rock stratum gives different physical and mechanical parameters from coal seam, from free partition mode, each geologic body of three-dimensional geological model is entered
Row stress and strain model；
Step 5-4, the three-dimensional geological model having divided grid is changed into the numerical model that can simulate calculating.
5. the determination method of mine tomography coverage according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that root described in step 6
According to the mechanical characteristic of each coal rock layer in step 3, select mole coulomb model, give the mechanics ginseng of coal rock layer in numerical model
Number, and using the actual measurement crustal stress joint inversion boundary stress optimum loading environment in method for numerical simulation and step 4, by true
Fixed border loading environment carries out initial balance calculating to model, obtains the initial in-site stress field of model；
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 6-1, the crustal stress being obtained according to step 4, i.e. maximum horizontal principal stress, minimum horizontal principal stress and vertical stress number
According to making the linear relationship with change in depth for three principal stresses respectively, determine 3 directions by linearly doing linear fit equation
Crustal stress is with the gradient of change in depth, the i.e. slope of linear equation；
Step 6-2, determine the border loading mode of three-dimensional geological model, apply in the X and Y horizontal direction both sides of three-dimensional geological model
Plus the edge load with depth linear change, other side displacement constraints, earth's surface is free end, and bottom surface is fixing end；
Step 6-3, according to actual measurement ground stress characteristics, determine the reasonable value scope of border loading environment in numerical model；
Step 6-4, application orthogonal test method determine numerical simulation scheme, and number and each factor according to inverting factor are chosen
Number of levels selecting conventional orthogonal test table；
Step 6-5, the parameter sample being formed orthogonal table, obtain, by step 6-3, the quantum condition that border loads, in numerical value
Carry out initial balance calculating in model, obtain the crustal stress corresponding with eyeball, that is, maximum, minimum horizontal principal stress with vertical
Stress；
Step 6-6, respectively using calculated stress value sample and boundary parameter sample as support vector machine input sample
With output sample, build support vector machine training pattern, then the supporting vector machine model that actual measurement crustal stress value input is trained,
Output obtains the parameter value treating inverting；
Step 6-7, the boundary condition being obtained based on inverting, then carry out numerical simulation calculation, obtain corresponding with actual measurement place
Maximum, minimum horizontal principal stress and vertical stress, build evaluation relation formula, verify whether the stress being simulated calculating meets objective
Actual precision；
Step 6-8, the Optimal Boundary loading environment obtaining Inversion Calculation, give numerical model, are calculated by simulation and obtain just
Beginning stress field.
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