CN106484939A - A kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort - Google Patents
A kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106484939A CN106484939A CN201610488895.7A CN201610488895A CN106484939A CN 106484939 A CN106484939 A CN 106484939A CN 201610488895 A CN201610488895 A CN 201610488895A CN 106484939 A CN106484939 A CN 106484939A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- building
- factor
- thermal comfort
- temperature
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort, comprise the steps：Step 1, using place actual measurement with questionnaire survey determine for this building type comfort evaluation index；Step 2, determine the parameters of analogue model；Step 3, set up initial model and contrast model according to construction requirements, carry out software simulation；Step 4, analysis mode result, draw optimal thermal comfort scheme.Present invention mainly solves the indoor thermal comfort modeling method for different regions difference building type, and the fixing evaluation criterion that the Europe that all of thermal comfort modeling is all at present proposes, do not distinguish so that evaluation result poor accuracy for different regions difference building types.Such issues that solved by the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building thermal comfort field, more particularly, to thermal environment e measurement technology, physical factor integration technology and
Building thermal environments analogue technique.
Background technology
After entering 21 century, China's economic strength constantly soars, and the material of people is improved constantly with spiritual life level, when
After people have met most basic life requirement, comfortable with healthy demand is increasingly subject to people's attention.Now such as
The present, the evaluation index of research thermal comfort problems is all based on west ethnic group sample collection, region and the adaptive difference of human body
Lead to thermal comfort value of calculation and China most area otherwise varied, if still thermal comfort can be led to calculate using American-European parameter
Deviation in initial point, so comfort evaluation index need to be proposed for specifically area and building type.Due to past technology with
Economic restriction and designing axiom outmoded, leading to most of volumed space building in the past to have not focused on the thermal comfort of people will
Ask.
In addition, the sensitivity of human body under being kept in motion environmental stimuluses to external world will compared with the human body under resting state
Low, human body will be enlarged by for the comfort evaluation indication range of external environment condition.Therefore, it is necessary to design one kind is conducive to large space
The modeling method of architecture indoor thermal comfort, is subject to subjective Thermal comfort in conjunction with objective thermal environment factor, by wherein sport people
Motion thermal comfort and guides Buildings Modeling to simulate as evaluation criterion, provides reference frame in the design of architectural bodies stage, improves
Indoor thermal comfort environment of rural after building completion.
Content of the invention
Present invention aim to overcome that the passive shortcoming and defect adjusting of existing volumed space building, one kind is provided to be based on nature
The volumed space building shape planning method of ventilation.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort, comprises the steps：
Step 1, using place actual measurement with questionnaire survey determine for this building type comfort evaluation index；
Step 2, determine the parameters of analogue model；
Step 3, set up initial model and contrast model according to construction requirements, carry out software simulation；
Step 4, analysis mode result, draw optimal thermal comfort scheme.
Further, in step 1, the actual measurement of described utilization place and questionnaire survey determine the thermal comfort for this building type
The step of evaluation index specifically includes：
Step 11, collect building and build up on-site meteorological data, choose that whole year is the hottest, the coldest and excessive three times of season
Node should choose the typicality weather condition of locality as place actual measurement and questionnaire survey time, timing node, and the time is no less than 2
My god, the time of measuring of each measurement day is 9:00～18:00；
Step 12, selection building build up location some same types building as place actual measurement and questionnaire survey place；
Step 13, determine that the main of this building type is used crowd as questionnaire survey object；
Step 14, draw standard equivalent temperature SET using by place Actual measurement, and collect with questionnaire survey scores
Set up scatterplot, obtain the comfort evaluation index of such building by solving scatterplot calcium.
Further, in step 1, the actual measurement of described place on as if impact human thermal comfort four environmental index and
Two human body indicators, environmental index is respectively：Air themperature, air humidity, mean radiant temperature and air velocity；Human body indicators
It is respectively：Metabolic rate and clothing thermal resistance, all can be according to the metabolic rate of ASHRAE55-2013 table lookup typical motion
And the clothing thermal resistance of typical case's clothing obtains；
The method of place actual measurement is to be evenly arranged in the venue apparatus measures point, and ensures outside architecture indoor four direction
There is the arrangement of measurement point, measurement frequency is to record once for 10 minutes, data per hour near the inner surface of interface and in the middle part of place
Average；
The method of questionnaire survey is to carry out with place actual measurement simultaneously, provides 5～10 parts of questionnaires per hour, and is tied according to questionnaire
Fruit scoring event tries to achieve its average number per hour.
Further, in step 14, described standard equivalent temperature SET is that the heat loss equation of human body is summarized as two letters
According to single formula with same form, a part is no evaporation or referred to as sensible heat loss, and it is by radiating and convection current
Produce, another part is evaporative heat loss, analysis below is derived two total exothermic coefficients, and one calculates sensible heat loss,
Another calculates evaporative heat loss：
(1) effectively sensible heat exothermic coefficient h '
Effectively sensible heat exothermic coefficient h ' determines from temperature is TskSkin surface to calculate temperature be T0Environment heat
Flow：R+C=h ' (Tsk+T0),
Calculate the meansigma methodss that temperature is air themperature and mean radiant temperature, weight coefficient is respectively coefficient of convective heat transfer and spoke
Penetrate exothermic coefficient：T0=(hrTr+hcTa)/(hr+hc), integrated heat release coefficient is：H=hr+hc, radiant heat-transfer coefficient is typically line
Property coefficient, feff=0.72, coefficient of convective heat transfer takes for forced convection：Hc=8.6v0.53, for static air, then have：
Hc=1.16 (M-50)0.39, the relative atmospheric flow velocity caused by human body own activity is equally taken into account, and the minimum of hc takes
For hc=3W/m2·K；Above three hcRepresent three situations respectively, choose its maximum and carry out follow-up calculating；In analysis
Used effective clothes thermal resistance IcloRelation between (unit clo) and real clothes thermal resistance at ordinary times is：Iclo=Iclo-
(fcl-1)/(0.155fclH), the thermal efficiency F of clothescloMetering, Fclo=1/ (1+0.155hIclo), this formula is from skin
Total sensible heat amount that skin passes to environment is represented with effective sensible heat exothermic coefficient h '：R+C=h ' (Tsk-Tc), h '=hFclo in formula；
(2) effectively evaporation exothermic coefficient he′
The evaporative heat loss E of skin surfacesk(W/m2) it is imperceptible divergence loss Eis(W/m2) perspire with thermal conditioning
Heat loss Esw(W/m2) sum：Esk=Eis+EswIf human body is completely wet, the evaporative heat loss at this moment producing is maximum evaporation
Heat loss Emax=LRhcfpcl(pssk-pa), LRIt is Lewis's relation 11.65/Pa (10-2K/Pa),psskIt is full under skin temperature
And steam partial pressure, paIt is to be actual steam partial pressure in surrounding air, fpclIt is osmotic efficiency coefficient, for normal
Tissue, its value determines by following formula：fpcl=1/ (1+0.143hcIclo), wettability w of skin is：W=Esk/Emax, do not producing
Life perspires at a temperature of regulation heat loss, Esk=Eis=0.06EmaxTotal loss that perspires can be written as：Esk=whe′(pssk-
pa), h in formulae'=LRhcfpcl；
(3) equation of heat balance
Skin surface by radiating, heat loss H that convection current and evaporation causeskThe free energy producing equal to metabolism deducts exhales
Heat absorption loss, then deduct and do external work and human body amount of stored heat：Hsk=M-Eres-Cres- W-S, the heat exchange of skin surface is equal to sensible heat
With latent heat losses sum：Hsk=h ' (Tsk-T0)+whe′(pssk-pa), this equation can represent p in hythergraph after rewritinga-
pssk=-h ' (whe′)[T0-(Tsk-Hsk/ h ')], hythergraph temperature does abscissa, with steam partial pressure masterpiece vertical coordinate, because
This equation is one negative slope h '/(whe') straight line, and pass through point (Tsk-Hsk/h′,pssk), this line correspondences is in one
Constant physiology and sensory effect, that is, the standard effective temperature line such as；Steam partial pressure in standard environment is
0.5pssk(102Pa), p heresskIt is the saturated steam partial pressure under standard effective temperature；Its heat loss equation is：Hsk=
hs′(Tsk-SET)+whes′(pssk-0.5psset), hs' and hes' it is two integrated heat release coefficients in standard environment, this equation
It is the analytic definition of standard effective temperature SET, and can be used to calculate SET, place measured data is brought into above-mentioned formula can be obtained
SET value to each measurement point.
Further, in step 14, described standard equivalent temperature SET and questionnaire survey scores are collected set up scatterplot
Figure, is specifically included by the step solving the comfort evaluation index that scatterplot calcium obtains such building：
Step 141, using measured result meansigma methodss in place are tried to achieve per hour standard equivalent temperature SET as abscissa, will
As vertical coordinate, scatterplot will be set up using Microsoft Excel by Questionnaire results score averages per hour；
Step 142, add quadratic polynomial Trendline show formula using Microsoft Excel for scatterplot；
Step 143, the standard effective temperature according to Gagge foundation and comfort evaluation table, i.e. the SET when Y is less than 0.5
It is defined as comfortable interval, when Y value is between 0.5 to 1, is defined as slightly uncomfortable interval, be not when Y is between 1 to 2
Comfortable interval, is extremely uncomfortable interval when Y is more than 2, Y=0.5, Y=1 and Y=2 is brought into respectively quadratic polynomial parabolic
Line equation, can get corresponding X is SET value, and the comfort evaluation that the demarcation interval according to upper table can get such building refers to
Mark.
Further, in step 2, described analog parameter specifically includes：Geodata, meteorological data, environmental data, acquiescence
Material, discrete parameter, monitoring point setting, described geodata includes the warp of locality, latitude, residing time zone；Described meteorological data
Including the annual highest temperature and the daily mean temperature when lowest temperature and excessive season, annual relative humidity tendency data, whole year
Wind rose；Described environmental data includes the city gradient wind of locality；Described default material includes pushing up interface, side boundary material.
Further, in step 3, described sets up initial model and contrast model according to construction requirements, carries out software mould
The step intended specifically includes：
Step 31, determine volumed space building planar dimension and building height according to construction requirements, according to actual measurement object building
Body Model Establishment initial model；
Step 32, by initial model difference Factor Decompositions, resolve into the slope of roof, go out eaves depth, window-wall ratio, building height
Deng a number of factors, in rational scope be 3-4 change level of each selecting factors (for example the slope of roof selection 5 °, 10 ° and
15°)；
Step 33, using orthogonal table, different factors and varying level are combined and set up with model, general orthogonal table
It is designated as：Ln(mk), wherein n is the line number of table, that is, will arrange the number of times tested；K is the columns of table, represents the number of factor；
M is the number of levels of each factor.Common orthogonal table has L4(23)、L8(27)、L9(34)、L16(45) etc.；
Further, in step 4, described analysis mode result, show that the step of optimal thermal comfort scheme specifically includes：
Step 41, according to step 2, Airpak software items analog parameter is configured, and mould is carried out to each model
Intend；
Step 42, simulation draw air themperature, air humidity, mean radiant temperature and the gas velocity number of degrees of each monitoring point
According to calculating SET value；
Step 43, judge the sequence of each factor influence degree using extremum difference analysis and draw factor and index sign trend,
Obtain optimal thermal comfort scheme；
Step 44, in optimal thermal comfort scheme increase enclosed structure strategy, simulation obtain best of breed.
Further, in step 43, the step of described extremum difference analysis specifically includes：
Step 431, calculating Kjm value, kjm value and Rj value,
Test index corresponding to jth row factor m level for the wherein Kjm is with kjm is Kjm meansigma methodss, by the big I of kjm
To judge the excellent level of jth row factor and excellent combination；Rj is the extreme difference of jth row factor, when reflecting the fluctuation of jth row factor level,
The amplitude of fluctuation of test index.Rj is bigger, illustrates that the impact of this factors on test indicators is bigger, according to Rj size it can be determined that
The primary and secondary order of factor；
Step 432, judge excellent combination, secondary factors and excellent level,
According to the characteristic of orthogonal design, for A1, A2, A3, the experimental condition of three groups of tests is duplicate, can enter
Row directly compare, if factor A no affects on test index, then kA1, kA2, kA3 should be equal, but if kA1, kA2,
KA3 is unequal, illustrates that the level change of A factor has an impact to result of the test.Therefore, permissible according to the size of kA1, kA2, kA3
Judge A1, A2, A3 impact size to test index, in the same manner, also can determine whether factor B, C, the shadow to result of the test for the D varying level
Ring, after judging the optimal level of each factor, can get the excellent assembled scheme of this test；
Step 433, drafting factor and index sign trend, with each factor level as abscissa, meansigma methodss kjm of test index
For vertical coordinate, draw factor and index sign trend.By factor and index sign trend can more intuitively find out test index with
The change of factor level and the trend that changes, can point the direction for test further.
Further, in step 44, enclosed structure strategy is increased on optimal thermal comfort scheme, simulation obtains best of breed
Step specifically include：
Step 441, determine building enclosure fundamental type according to case；
Step 442, set up model and software simulation；
Step 443, analog result is analyzed draws best of breed.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that and effect：
(1) a kind of basic skills being instructed Architectural Design Strategy based on comfort evaluation index is proposed.Due to the past not
The hot comfortable standard of sport people is done with the Analysis and summary of system, part building according to hot comfortable standard be also based on static
Or low-intensity work crowd is as reference index, but there are some researches show, the environment thorn to external world of the human body under being kept in motion
Sharp sensitivity is low compared with the human body under resting state, and therefore when people is kept in motion, human body is for external environment condition
Comfort evaluation indication range will be enlarged by.So traditional thermal comfort reference standard can accurately not evaluate nonstatic state people
The Thermal comfort of group's environment to external world is subject to, and therefore when the volumed space building carrying out sport category or Factory Building class designs, this is based on
Comfort evaluation index instructs the basic skills of Architectural Design Strategy will to lift the comfortable situation of architecture indoor in passive aspect.
And this basic skills is only used as a kind of basic model and elementary tactics, when applying to other kinds of architectural design
Or when being directed to difference using crowd, can also show with this basic skills that having targetedly comfort evaluation index and guides
Architectural design, is truly realized that people-oriented, and based on wherein using the impression of crowd, this will be also the core of architectural design,
There is important directive significance to architectural design.
(2) more conventional volumed space building design has higher specific aim to region, is completely combined the qi-regulating of local ground
Wait environment as the basis of design, maximized utilization builds on-site natural resourcess.
(3) more conventional volumed space building design has higher specific aim to using crowd, completely mainly to use people
Based on group's subjective feeling, for mainly using crowd to design optimum indoor environment scheme, it is truly realized that people-oriented.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the In Guangzhou Area training building building comfort evaluation scatterplot of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 adds quadratic polynomial Trendline for Fig. 2 and shows formula schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the model plane monitoring-network point distribution schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention motion thermal comfort analysis of results table and thermal comfort result trendgram.
Fig. 6 is the modeler model of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 measurement point schematic diagram set by present invention enforcement.
Fig. 8 is roofing and its material behavior chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is exterior wall and its material behavior chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the original model parameter chart attirbutes of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is that chart set up by the model of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the simulated chart increasing enclosed structure in the embodiment of the present invention optimal thermal comfort scheme.
Figure 13 implements the SET value scattergram that analog result is calculated for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the goal of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, embodiment is not
Here can repeat one by one, but embodiments of the present invention are not therefore defined in following examples.
In the present embodiment, the simulation softward of selection is the Airpak software in CFD software, sets up real in Airpak software
Test model, carry out gridding process, with In Guangzhou Area whole year meteorological data as boundary condition, carry out the simulation of thermal environment, that is, with
The basketball training shop of In Guangzhou Area is built as design object, if the metabolic rate of human body is 5.0met under basketball training state,
Clothing thermal resistance is 0.26clo.In Guangzhou Area is located at 23.2 degree of north latitude, and 113.4 degree of west longitude, according to In Guangzhou Area weather data analysis
Understand, at 78 two months, the meteorological data of the average highest temperature was 33 DEG C to summer least favorable o'clock, and humidity selects In Guangzhou Area summer complete
Average relative humidity in the case of fine day, value 50%.The wind environment of simulation is carried out based on the gradient wind parameter of Guangzhou City
Calculate, expression is：
Wherein：z1、u1It is respectively the wind speed at reference altitude and reference altitude, according to In Guangzhou Area meteorologic parameter, select respectively
Take 10m and 1.8m/s as reference value；Z, u are respectively certain height and this highly corresponding mean wind speed in basin, and wind direction is just
South orientation.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort, comprise the steps：
Step S1, using place actual measurement with questionnaire survey determine for this building type comfort evaluation index；
Step S2, determine the parameters of analogue model；
Step S3, set up initial model and contrast model according to construction requirements, carry out software simulation；
Step S4, analysis mode result, draw optimal thermal comfort scheme.
Specifically, in step 1, the actual measurement of described utilization place and questionnaire survey determine the thermal comfort for this building type
The step of evaluation index specifically includes：
Step 11, collect building and build up on-site meteorological data, choose that whole year is the hottest, the coldest and excessive three times of season
Node, as place actual measurement and questionnaire survey time, should choose the typicality weather condition of locality, each timing node during measurement
Time of measuring is no less than 2 days, and the time of measuring of each measurement day is 9:00～18:00.Time selected in this enforcement is wide
State Area during Summer, excessive season and winter, the concrete time is in August, 2015, October and in January, 2016, monthly chooses and has allusion quotation in 4 days
The test day that type represents this month weather is tested, and corresponds respectively to summer the hottest period, the coldest period in winter and excessive season
Period, make every effort to comprehensive and comprehensively analyze tested building in the physical data of each period annual and user impression；
Step 12, selection building build up location some same types building as place actual measurement and questionnaire survey place,
The basketball training shop building of the different basic body in three kinds of In Guangzhou Area (open type, semi open type, closed) is chosen in this enforcement,
It is respectively：
(1) big human relations stadium (open type)
Big human relations stadium belongs to open type type.Place planar dimension is about 32m × 53m, south-north direction, and interior is simultaneously discharged
Three standard basketball training places are put；Court clear height is about 10 meters.The east in this shop, south, north, using completely open, are not appointed
What entity metope is stopped；West is three layers of office occupancy.Building roof adopts metal roofing structure, is formed with layers of eaves form
About 2 meters of high side vent, lower floor goes out eaves width and is about 1.5 meters；
(2) Chinese workers stadium (semi open type)
Chinese workers stadium belongs to semi open type type.Stadium is located at the West Lake west side of South China Science ＆ Engineering University five mountain school district,
Adjacent with deep and clear Jiang Lu, West Lake South Road, the Dongguan village one cross road.Stadium faces North-East Bound, six standard basketballs instruction placed side by side
Practice place；Basketball court floor height 7.8m, planar dimension is about 32m × 94m.The northeast face in this shop adopt open, its excess-three face is equal
For the layout strategy of half open form, northeastward face is externally provided with wide about 6 meters far-reaching and cornices；Building upper strata also has other sports grounds
Shop and office occupancy；
(3) sports school's gymnasium (closed)
Sports school's gymnasium belongs to closed type.Gymnasium is located at Tianhe District Chang Xinglu, and 2010 is the Guangzhou Asian Games
Training venues.Gymnasium total height of structure 20.4m, place planar dimension is 60m × 75m, and place is formed around about 3000 people and sees
Many seats；Four sides of gymnasium interface is blank wall, only has the high side light of 4 2m × 3m in the south；Top interface is provided with 12 water
Flat roof light, single skylight size is about 2m × 10m.
Step 13, determine that the main of this building type is used crowd as questionnaire survey object, selected in this enforcement
Respondent is the crowd carrying out basketball movement, and object includes the professional basketball player, student of all ages time, old
Teacher, company personnel and other social personages, remaining non-basketball movement and rest personnel are not in the scope of this questionnaire survey
Within, the suitability of questionnaire result is guaranteed with this；
Step 14, draw standard equivalent temperature SET using by place Actual measurement, and collect with questionnaire survey scores
Set up scatterplot, obtain the comfort evaluation index of such building by solving scatterplot calcium.
Specifically, in step 1, the actual measurement of described place on as if impact human thermal comfort four environmental index and
Two human body indicators, environmental index is respectively：Air themperature, air humidity, mean radiant temperature and air velocity；Human body indicators
It is respectively：Metabolic rate and clothing thermal resistance；
The method of place actual measurement is to be evenly arranged in the venue by apparatus measures point, and selected instrument is black globe thermometer and heat
Line anemobiagraph：
Black globe thermometer uses the Taiwan glad AZ-8778 of weighing apparatus, for measuring indoor average radiation ts.By RS23 and PC
Machine is online to be analyzed, and measurement result takes athletic ground central point measured value, and weigh glad AZ-8778 parameter and range in described Taiwan
For：Black ball size：Diameter 75mm, air themperature：0～50 DEG C (32～122), accuracy：± 0.8 DEG C, temperature：(TG)：0～
80.0 DEG C of (32～176) accuracy：± 1.5 DEG C of ± 1 DEG C (indoor) (outdoor).
Type hot-wire anemometer model TES-1341, for measuring indoor air temperature ta, relative air humidity φ and sky
Gas velocity var.The range of instrument and system accuracy can meet testing requirement completely, and measurement result is according to athletic ground cloth point diagram
Calculate, described hot-wire anemometer parameter and range are：Wind speed：0.1～30.0m/s, degree of accuracy：± 3%, relative humidity：10
～95%RH, degree of accuracy：± 3%, temperature：- 10～60 DEG C, degree of accuracy：±0.5℃.
For ensureing the arrangement having measurement point near architecture indoor four direction outer boundary inner surface and in the middle part of place, this reality
Apply set measurement point as shown in Figure 7.
The setting of measurement point according to《Building thermal environments method of testing standard》Regulation, measuring instrument is apart from the position of ground 1.1m
Put, that is, the position in human arm and chest when standing, so that the thing that actual response sport people is experienced in motor process
Reason environmental factorss.Measurement frequency is to record once for 10 minutes, and data is averaged per hour；
The method of questionnaire survey is to carry out with place actual measurement simultaneously, provides 5～10 parts of questionnaires per hour, and is tied according to questionnaire
Fruit scoring event tries to achieve its average number per hour.Questionnaire pattern is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Specifically, in step 14, described standard equivalent temperature is that the heat loss equation of human body is summarized as two simply
There is the formula of same form according to, a part is no evaporation or referred to as sensible heat loss, and it is by radiation with to miscarriage
Raw；Another part is evaporative heat loss.Following analysis is derived two total exothermic coefficients, and one calculates sensible heat loss, separately
One calculating evaporative heat loss：
(1) effectively sensible heat exothermic coefficient h '
Effectively sensible heat exothermic coefficient h ' determines from temperature is TskSkin surface to calculate temperature be T0Environment heat
Flow：
R+C=h ' (Tsk+T0),
Calculate the meansigma methodss that temperature is air themperature and mean radiant temperature, weight coefficient is respectively coefficient of convective heat transfer and spoke
Penetrate exothermic coefficient：
T0=(hrTr+hcTa)/(hr+hc),
Integrated heat release coefficient is：
H=hr+hc,
The generally linear coefficient of radiant heat-transfer coefficient, feff=0.72.Coefficient of convective heat transfer takes for forced convection：
Hc=8.6v0.53,
For static air, then have：
Hc=1.16 (M-50)0.39,
Relative atmospheric flow velocity caused by human body own activity is equally taken into account.The minimum of hc is taken as hc=3W/
㎡·K.
Above three hcRepresent three situations respectively, choose its maximum and carry out follow-up calculating.
Used effective clothes thermal resistance I in analysiscloPass between (unit clo) and real clothes thermal resistance at ordinary times
It is to be：
Iclo=Iclo-(fcl-1)/(0.155fclH),
The thermal efficiency F of clothescloMetering,
Fclo=1/ (1+0.155hIclo),
This formula is that the total sensible heat amount passing to environment from skin is represented with effective sensible heat exothermic coefficient h '
R+C=h ' (Tsk-Tc),
H '=hFclo in formula；
(2) effectively evaporation exothermic coefficient he′
The evaporative heat loss E of skin surfacesk(W/) it is imperceptible divergence loss Eis(W/) perspire with thermal conditioning
Heat loss Esw(W/) sum：
Esk=Eis+Esw,
If human body is completely wet, the evaporative heat loss at this moment producing is maximum evaporation heat loss Emax
Emax=LRhcfpcl(pssk-pa),
LRIt is Lewis's relation 11.65/Pa (10-2K/Pa),psskIt is the saturated steam partial pressure under skin temperature, pa
It is to be actual steam partial pressure in surrounding air.fpclIt is osmotic efficiency coefficient, organize for normal, its value is by following formula
Determine
fpcl=1/ (1+0.143hcIclo),
Wettability w of skin is：
W=Esk/Emax,
Perspire at a temperature of regulation heat loss not producing, Esk=Eis=0.06EmaxTotal loss that perspires can be written as：
Esk=whe′(pssk-pa),
H in formulae'=LRhcfpcl；
(3) equation of heat balance
Skin surface by radiating, heat loss H that convection current and evaporation causeskThe free energy producing equal to metabolism deducts exhales
Heat absorption loss, then deduct and do external work and human body amount of stored heat：
Hsk=M-Eres-Cres- W-S,
The heat exchange of skin surface is equal to sensible heat and latent heat losses sum：
Hsk=h ' (Tsk-T0)+whe′(pssk-pa),
This equation can represent in hythergraph after rewriting
pa-pssk=-h ' (whe′)[T0-(Tsk-Hsk/ h ')],
Hythergraph temperature does abscissa, with steam partial pressure masterpiece vertical coordinate, therefore equation be one have negative slope h '/
(whe') straight line, and pass through point (Tsk-Hsk/h′,pssk).This line correspondences in a constant physiology and sensory effect,
It is exactly the standard effective temperature line such as.
Steam partial pressure in standard environment is 0.5pssk(102Pa), p heresskIt is the saturation under standard effective temperature
Steam partial pressure；Its heat loss equation is
Hsk=hs′(Tsk-SET)+whes′(pssk-0.5psset),
hs' and hes' it is two integrated heat release coefficients in standard environment.This equation is dividing of standard effective temperature SET
Analysis definition, and can be used to calculate SET.
Place measured data is brought into the SET value that above-mentioned formula can obtain each measurement point.
Specifically, in step 14, described standard equivalent temperature SET and questionnaire survey scores are collected set up scatterplot
Figure, is specifically included by the step solving the comfort evaluation index that scatterplot calcium obtains such building：
Step 141, using measured result meansigma methodss in place are tried to achieve per hour standard equivalent temperature SET as abscissa, will
As vertical coordinate, scatterplot will be set up using Microsoft Excel, by Various Seasonal by Questionnaire results score averages per hour
Place actual measurement and the In Guangzhou Area training building building comfort evaluation scatterplot that obtains of nearly 2000 parts of questionnaire as shown in Figure 2；
Step 142, add quadratic polynomial Trendline show quadratic polynomial side using Microsoft Excel for scatterplot
Journey, obtaining equation is y=0.00734862x2-0.3909465x+5.43503914, as shown in Figure 3；
Step 143, the standard effective temperature using Gagge et al. foundation and comfort evaluation table (table 2) understand：
Table 2
I.e. the SET when Y is less than 0.5 is defined as comfortable interval, is defined as slightly uncomfortable when Y value is between 0.5 to 1
Interval, is uncomfortable interval when Y is between 1 to 2, is extremely uncomfortable interval when Y is more than 2, by Y=0.5, Y=1 and Y
=2 are brought into quadratic polynomial parabolic equation respectively, and can get corresponding X is SET value, according to the demarcation interval of upper table
Obtain the comfort evaluation index of such building；
Y=0.5, Y=1 and Y=2 are brought into respectively binomial parabolic equation can obtain：
As Y=0.5, X1=20.6, X2=32.6；
As Y=1, X1=16.4, X2=36.8；
As Y=2, X1=11.1, X2=42.1.
I.e. when SET value is interval in (18.7,28), the human feeling under basketball movement state is comfortable；When SET value exists
When (15.45,18.7) are interval with (28,31.24), human feeling is slightly uncomfortable；When SET value (11.36,15.45) with
(31.24,35.34), during interval, human feeling is uncomfortable；When SET value less than 11.36 or more than 35.34 when, human feeling
For extremely uncomfortable, table 3 thus can be obtained：
Table 3
Simultaneously according to equation, as SET=26.6, Y obtains minima, is defined as optimal movement when therefore by SET=26.6
Thermal comfort.
Specifically, in step 2, described analog parameter specifically includes：
(1) geodata：The warp of locality, latitude, taking Guangzhou as a example, value is 23.2 degree of north latitude, 113.4 degree of west longitude；Institute
Place time zone, taking Guangzhou as a example, value is Dong8Qu etc.；
(2) meteorological data：Daily mean temperature when the annual highest temperature and the lowest temperature and excessive season, with Guangzhou be
Example, value is August 1 day 14:00,33 ° of temperature；Annual relative humidity tendency data, value is 50%；Annual wind rose etc.,
Value is positive south orientation；
(3) environmental data：Local city gradient wind etc., is calculated based on the gradient wind parameter of Guangzhou City, tool
Body expression formula is：Wherein：z1、u1It is respectively the wind speed at reference altitude and reference altitude, according to In Guangzhou Area
Meteorologic parameter, chooses 10m and 1.8m/s respectively as reference value；Z, u are respectively in basin certain height and this is highly corresponding
Mean wind speed；
(4) default material：Top interface, side boundary material, based on Ecotect Analysis material depot, such as Fig. 8, figure
Shown in 9.
(5) discrete parameter, each governing equation residual error convergence is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
In numerical heat transfer, being introduced for of upstreame scheme overcomes because grid Pe number is less than 0 and leads to numerical solution
Concussion occurs, the setting of various discrete parameter is as shown in table 5.
Table 5
(6) monitoring point setting etc., uniformly arranges 25 monitoring points in model plane, takes high apart from 1.1 meters of ground
Degree, concrete arrangement as shown in figure 4, the arrangement of layout points is according to certain rule numbering, can intuitively find out when deriving by result
The analog case of indoor regional, each monitoring point numbering with regional relation as shown in table 6, facilitates the author to be counted and is divided
Analysis.
Table 6
Specifically, in step 3, described sets up initial model and contrast model according to construction requirements, carries out software mould
The step intended specifically includes：
Step 31, determine volumed space building planar dimension and building height according to construction requirements, according to actual measurement object building
Body Model Establishment initial model, size L × W × H value is 34m × 38m × 10m, window ground ratio about 20%, concrete such as Figure 10
Shown；
Step 32, by initial model difference Factor Decompositions, resolve into the slope of roof, go out eaves depth, window-wall ratio, building height
Deng a number of factors, it is 3-4 change level of each selecting factors in rational scope, as shown in table 7；
Table 7
| The eaves gradient | Go out eaves depth | Window-wall ratio | Building height | |
| 1 | 5° | 3m | 20% (closed) | 10m |
| 2 | 10° | 6m | 50% (half is outdoor) | 12m |
| 3 | 15° | 9m | 80% (open type) | 14m |
Step 33, using orthogonal table, different factors and varying level are combined, and mould is set up according to the combination of factor
Type；General orthogonal table is designated as：Ln(mk), wherein n is the line number of table, that is, will arrange the number of times tested；K is the columns of table,
The number of expression factor；M is the number of levels of each factor.Common orthogonal table has L4(23)、L8(27)、L9(34)、L16(45) etc., this
Implement to choose L9(34) orthogonal table, model is set up as shown in figure 11；
Specifically, in step 4, described analysis mode result, show that the step of optimal thermal comfort scheme specifically includes：
Step 41, according to step 2 to Airpak software items analog parameter be configured, include geodata (locality
Through, latitude, residing time zone etc.), time data (exact date of simulation, choose that whole year is the hottest, the coldest and excessive period in season),
Meteorological data (highest temperature and the lowest temperature on simulation date, humidity, the wind speed of environment and wind direction etc.), environmental data (when
The city gradient wind etc. on ground), default material (top interface, side boundary material), discrete parameter, monitoring point setting etc..And to each
Model is simulated；
Step 42, simulation draw air themperature, air humidity, mean radiant temperature and the gas velocity number of degrees of each monitoring point
According to, and calculate SET value, shown in result of calculation table 8；
Table 8
| Point | Model 0 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | Model 7 | Model 8 | Model 9 |
| 1 | 33.78 | 33.68 | 33.36 | 33.36 | 33.37 | 33.33 | 33.37 | 33.12 | 33.30 | 33.48 |
| 2 | 33.68 | 33.54 | 33.49 | 33.21 | 33.13 | 33.16 | 33.39 | 32.87 | 33.46 | 33.66 |
| 3 | 33.78 | 33.63 | 33.48 | 33.25 | 33.13 | 33.20 | 33.50 | 32.88 | 33.06 | 33.68 |
| 4 | 33.59 | 33.47 | 33.46 | 33.17 | 33.06 | 33.14 | 33.36 | 32.80 | 33.40 | 33.64 |
| 5 | 33.50 | 33.39 | 33.33 | 33.34 | 33.17 | 33.23 | 33.33 | 32.90 | 33.09 | 33.46 |
| 6 | 33.54 | 33.44 | 33.32 | 33.39 | 33.39 | 33.44 | 33.35 | 33.13 | 33.39 | 33.49 |
| 7 | 33.55 | 33.37 | 33.27 | 33.38 | 33.39 | 33.43 | 33.29 | 33.39 | 33.32 | 33.46 |
| 8 | 33.59 | 33.35 | 33.27 | 33.35 | 33.36 | 33.41 | 33.31 | 33.38 | 33.37 | 33.44 |
| 9 | 33.45 | 33.30 | 33.29 | 33.32 | 33.27 | 33.35 | 33.25 | 33.33 | 33.27 | 33.46 |
| 10 | 33.65 | 33.49 | 33.40 | 33.44 | 33.40 | 33.49 | 33.37 | 33.48 | 33.40 | 33.68 |
| 11 | 33.73 | 33.59 | 33.43 | 33.51 | 33.32 | 33.49 | 33.41 | 33.50 | 33.43 | 33.61 |
| 12 | 33.73 | 33.53 | 33.43 | 33.51 | 33.44 | 33.47 | 33.42 | 33.49 | 33.40 | 33.69 |
| 13 | 33.76 | 33.42 | 33.33 | 33.38 | 33.39 | 33.37 | 33.31 | 33.50 | 33.26 | 33.51 |
| 14 | 34.02 | 33.51 | 33.33 | 33.43 | 33.73 | 33.49 | 33.38 | 33.60 | 33.42 | 33.47 |
| 15 | 33.84 | 33.52 | 33.34 | 33.46 | 33.61 | 33.53 | 33.35 | 33.74 | 33.38 | 33.48 |
| 16 | 33.88 | 33.66 | 33.39 | 33.44 | 33.79 | 33.56 | 33.40 | 33.55 | 33.53 | 33.52 |
| 17 | 33.76 | 33.64 | 33.49 | 33.47 | 33.63 | 33.49 | 33.42 | 33.28 | 33.45 | 33.70 |
| 18 | 33.72 | 33.74 | 33.48 | 33.48 | 33.64 | 33.53 | 33.55 | 33.34 | 33.66 | 33.73 |
| 19 | 33.70 | 33.58 | 33.45 | 33.41 | 33.57 | 33.45 | 33.37 | 33.21 | 33.38 | 33.69 |
| 20 | 33.75 | 33.58 | 33.37 | 33.42 | 33.55 | 33.50 | 33.41 | 33.47 | 33.43 | 33.64 |
| 21 | 33.85 | 33.56 | 33.35 | 33.39 | 33.51 | 33.47 | 33.42 | 33.45 | 33.50 | 33.59 |
| 22 | 33.86 | 33.66 | 33.39 | 33.42 | 33.57 | 33.48 | 33.48 | 33.47 | 33.53 | 33.62 |
| 23 | 33.97 | 33.57 | 33.40 | 33.46 | 33.58 | 33.49 | 33.48 | 33.48 | 33.52 | 33.63 |
| 24 | 33.79 | 33.59 | 33.42 | 33.46 | 33.61 | 33.52 | 33.45 | 33.51 | 33.47 | 33.67 |
| 25 | 33.66 | 33.70 | 33.40 | 33.46 | 33.62 | 33.51 | 33.47 | 33.49 | 33.53 | 33.68 |
| Meansigma methodss | 33.72 | 33.54 | 33.39 | 33.40 | 33.45 | 33.42 | 33.39 | 33.33 | 33.40 | 33.59 |
Step 43, judge the sequence of each factor influence degree using extremum difference analysis and draw factor and index sign trend,
Obtain optimal thermal comfort scheme；
Step 44, in optimal thermal comfort scheme increase enclosed structure strategy, simulation obtain best of breed.
Specifically, in step 43, the step of described extremum difference analysis specifically includes：
Step 431, calculating Kjm value, kjm value and Rj value, shown in result of calculation table 9：
Table 9
Test index corresponding to jth row factor m level for the wherein Kjm is with kjm is Kjm meansigma methodss.By the big I of kjm
To judge the excellent level of jth row factor and excellent combination；Rj is the extreme difference of jth row factor, when reflecting the fluctuation of jth row factor level,
The amplitude of fluctuation of test index.Rj is bigger, illustrates that the impact of this factors on test indicators is bigger.According to Rj size it can be determined that
The primary and secondary order of factor.
(1) calculate Ki value.Ki is a certain influence factor's same level result of calculation sum.With first row factor A (roof slope
Degree) as a example：K1=33.54+33.39+33.40=100.32, K2=33.45+33.42+33.39=100.27, K3=33.33
+ 33.40+33.59=100.32；Factor B (cornice width), factor C (window-wall ratio), factor D (building height) can be tried to achieve in the same manner
Respective Ki value.
(2) meansigma methodss ki of each factor same level are calculated.Taking factor A as a example：K1=K1/3=33.44, k2=K2/3
=33.42, k3=K3/3=33.44, can try to achieve factor B, C, D respective ki value in the same manner.
(3) calculate extreme difference R.R represents the amplitude of variation between a certain factor varying level.R=Max (ki)-Min (ki),
Taking factor A as a example：R=k1-k2=0.02, can try to achieve factor B, C, D respective R value in the same manner.
Step 432, judge excellent combination, secondary factors and excellent level
According to the characteristic of orthogonal design, for A1, A2, A3, the experimental condition of three groups of tests is duplicate (comprehensive
Comparability), can directly be compared.If factor A no affects on test index, then kA1, kA2, kA3 should be equal, but
If kA1, kA2, kA3 are unequal, illustrate that the level change of A factor has an impact to result of the test.Therefore, according to kA1, kA2,
The size of kA3 may determine that A1, A2, A3 impact size to test index.In the same manner, also can determine whether factor B, C, D varying level
Impact to result of the test.The excellent assembled scheme of this test is can get, such as after judging the optimal level of each factor
Shown in table 10：
Table 10
Step 433, drafting factor and index sign trend, with each factor level as abscissa, the meansigma methodss of test index
(kjm) it is vertical coordinate, draw factor and index sign trend.Test index can more intuitively be found out by factor and index sign trend
The trend changing with the change of factor level, can point the direction for test further, obtain motion thermal comfort interpretation of result
Table and thermal comfort result trendgram (see Fig. 5).
Specifically, in step 44, enclosed structure strategy is increased on optimal thermal comfort scheme, simulation obtains best of breed
Step specifically include：
Step 441, determine building enclosure fundamental type according to case, be divided into top interface and side interface：
(1) push up interface：1. drop type skylight；2. ventilation roofing；3. planted roof.
(2) side interface：1. comprehensive sunshade；2. sun-shading louver.
Step 442, set up model and software simulation, as shown in figure 12：
The construction of wherein planted roof is as shown in table 11：
Table 11
Step 443, analog result is calculated with SET it is analyzed and draws best of breed, see Figure 13 and Biao 12：
Table 12
| Point | Model 10 | Model 11 | Model 12 | Model 13 | Model 14 | Model 15 |
| 1 | 33.23 | 33.03 | 32.87 | 32.99 | 32.90 | 33.25 |
| 2 | 32.95 | 32.56 | 33.23 | 32.71 | 32.95 | 33.25 |
| 3 | 33.00 | 32.58 | 33.24 | 32.75 | 33.01 | 33.24 |
| 4 | 32.94 | 32.55 | 33.22 | 32.70 | 32.96 | 33.24 |
| 5 | 33.15 | 32.98 | 32.86 | 32.89 | 32.88 | 33.22 |
| 6 | 33.36 | 33.26 | 33.22 | 33.11 | 33.22 | 33.24 |
| 7 | 33.36 | 33.23 | 33.21 | 33.11 | 33.22 | 33.24 |
| 8 | 33.35 | 33.21 | 33.20 | 33.10 | 33.19 | 33.23 |
| 9 | 33.31 | 33.19 | 33.15 | 33.07 | 33.14 | 33.18 |
| 10 | 33.42 | 33.24 | 33.20 | 33.18 | 33.20 | 33.25 |
| 11 | 33.43 | 33.24 | 33.21 | 33.19 | 33.22 | 32.94 |
| 12 | 33.46 | 33.25 | 33.20 | 33.22 | 33.22 | 33.06 |
| 13 | 33.35 | 33.20 | 33.16 | 33.11 | 33.16 | 33.19 |
| 14 | 33.44 | 33.24 | 33.22 | 33.19 | 33.23 | 33.26 |
| 15 | 33.47 | 33.28 | 33.24 | 33.22 | 33.26 | 33.27 |
| 16 | 33.48 | 33.32 | 33.24 | 33.24 | 33.26 | 33.29 |
| 17 | 33.27 | 32.92 | 33.23 | 33.03 | 33.30 | 33.27 |
| 18 | 33.33 | 32.95 | 33.23 | 33.09 | 33.29 | 33.26 |
| 19 | 33.26 | 32.92 | 33.23 | 33.02 | 33.28 | 33.27 |
| 20 | 33.40 | 33.24 | 33.22 | 33.15 | 33.27 | 33.28 |
| 21 | 33.38 | 33.22 | 33.21 | 33.14 | 33.23 | 33.30 |
| 22 | 33.41 | 33.22 | 33.22 | 33.17 | 33.25 | 33.30 |
| 23 | 33.44 | 33.23 | 33.22 | 33.20 | 33.26 | 33.30 |
| 24 | 33.45 | 33.25 | 33.22 | 33.20 | 33.29 | 33.28 |
| 25 | 33.42 | 33.23 | 33.22 | 33.18 | 33.28 | 33.28 |
| Meansigma methodss | 33.32 | 33.10 | 33.19 | 33.08 | 33.18 | 33.23 |
It follows that being simulated to different building enclosure strategies, the best results obtaining after wherein increasing planted roof,
The training building Architectural Design Strategy that resulting in In Guangzhou Area optimal movement thermal comfort is 10 ° of roof pitch, and cornice width 6m,
Window-wall ratio 80%, building height 12m simultaneously increases planted roof, and model is as shown in Figure 6.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to the present invention
Embodiment restriction.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make on the basis of the above description
The change of other multi-forms or variation.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.All the present invention's
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within spirit and principle etc., should be included in the protection of the claims in the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort is it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Step 1, using place actual measurement with questionnaire survey determine for this building type comfort evaluation index；
Step 2, determine the parameters of analogue model；
Step 3, set up initial model and contrast model according to construction requirements, carry out software simulation；
Step 4, analysis mode result, draw optimal thermal comfort scheme.
2. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
In step 1, the actual measurement of described utilization place and questionnaire survey determine the step tool of the comfort evaluation index for this building type
Body includes：
Step 11, collect building and build up on-site meteorological data, choose that whole year is the hottest, three timing nodes of the coldest and excessive season
As place actual measurement and questionnaire survey time, timing node should choose the typicality weather condition of locality, and the time is no less than 2 days,
The time of measuring of each measurement day is 9:00～18:00；
Step 12, selection building build up location some same types building as place actual measurement and questionnaire survey place；
Step 13, determine that the main of this building type is used crowd as questionnaire survey object；
Step 14, draw standard equivalent temperature SET using by place Actual measurement, and collect foundation with questionnaire survey scores
Scatterplot, obtains the comfort evaluation index of such building by solving scatterplot calcium.
3. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
In step 1, the actual measurement of described place on as if four environmental index of impact human thermal comfort and two human body indicators, environment
Index is respectively：Air themperature, air humidity, mean radiant temperature and air velocity；Human body indicators are respectively：Metabolic rate
And clothing thermal resistance；
The method of place actual measurement is to be evenly arranged in the venue apparatus measures point, and ensures architecture indoor four direction outer boundary
There is the arrangement of measurement point, measurement frequency is to record once for 10 minutes, and data asks flat per hour near inner surface and in the middle part of place
Average；
The method of questionnaire survey is to carry out with place actual measurement simultaneously, provides 5～10 parts of questionnaires per hour, and is obtained according to questionnaire result
Point situation tries to achieve its average number per hour.
4. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 2 it is characterised in that
In step 14, described standard equivalent temperature SET is the heat loss equation of human body to be summarized as two simply have same form
Formula according to, a part is no evaporation or referred to as sensible heat loss, and it is to be produced by radiation and convection current, and another part is
Evaporative heat loss, analysis below is derived two total exothermic coefficients, a calculating sensible heat loss, and another calculates evaporation heat waste
Lose：
(1) effectively sensible heat exothermic coefficient h '
Effectively sensible heat exothermic coefficient h ' determines from temperature is TskSkin surface to calculate temperature be T0Environment heat flow：
R+C=h ' (Tsk+T0),
Calculate the meansigma methodss that temperature is air themperature and mean radiant temperature, weight coefficient is respectively coefficient of convective heat transfer and radiation is put
Hot coefficient：
T0=(hrTr+hcTa)/(hr+hc),
Integrated heat release coefficient is
H=hr+hc,
The generally linear coefficient of radiant heat-transfer coefficient, feff=0.72, coefficient of convective heat transfer takes for forced convection：
Hc=8.6v0.53,
For static air, then have
Hc=1.16 (M-50)0.39,
Relative atmospheric flow velocity caused by human body own activity is equally taken into account, and the minimum of hc is taken as hc=3W/
K；
Above three hcRepresent three situations respectively, choose its maximum and carry out follow-up calculating；
Used effective clothes thermal resistance I in analysiscloRelation between (unit clo) and real clothes thermal resistance at ordinary times is：
Iclo=Iclo-(fcl-1)/(0.155fclH),
The thermal efficiency F of clothescloMetering,
Fclo=1/ (1+0.155hIclo),
This formula is that the total sensible heat amount passing to environment from skin is represented with effective sensible heat exothermic coefficient h '
R+C=h ' (Tsk-Tc),
H '=hFclo in formula；
(2) effectively evaporation exothermic coefficient he′
The evaporative heat loss E of skin surfacesk(W/) it is imperceptible divergence loss Eis(W/) perspire heat waste with thermal conditioning
Lose Esw(W/) sum：
Esk=Eis+Esw,
If human body is completely wet, the evaporative heat loss at this moment producing is maximum evaporation heat loss Emax
Emax=LRhcfpcl(pssk-pa),
LRIt is Lewis's relation 11.65/Pa (10-2K/Pa),psskIt is the saturated steam partial pressure under skin temperature, paAround being
In the air is actual steam partial pressure, fpclIt is osmotic efficiency coefficient, organize for normal, its value is determined by following formula：
fpcl=1/ (1+0.143hcIclo),
Wettability w of skin is：
W=Esk/Emax,
Perspire at a temperature of regulation heat loss not producing, Esk=Eis=0.06EmaxTotal loss that perspires can be written as：
Esk=whe′(pssk-pa),
H in formulae'=LRhcfpcl；
(3) equation of heat balance
Skin surface by radiating, heat loss H that convection current and evaporation causeskThe free energy producing equal to metabolism deducts respiration heat
Loss, then deduct and do external work and human body amount of stored heat：
Hsk=M-Eres-Cres- W-S,
The heat exchange of skin surface is equal to sensible heat and latent heat losses sum：
Hsk=h ' (Tsk-T0)+whe′(pssk-pa),
This equation can represent in hythergraph after rewriting：
pa-pssk=-h ' (whe′)[T0-(Tsk-Hsk/ h ')],
Hythergraph temperature does abscissa, with steam partial pressure masterpiece vertical coordinate, therefore equation be one have negative slope h '/
(whe') straight line, and pass through point (Tsk-Hsk/h′,pssk), this line correspondences in a constant physiology and sensory effect,
It is exactly the standard effective temperature line such as；
Steam partial pressure in standard environment is 0.5pssk(102Pa), p heresskIt is the saturation water steaming under standard effective temperature
Edema caused by disorder of QI pressure；Its heat loss equation is：
Hsk=hs′(Tsk-SET)+whes′(pssk-0.5psset),
hs' and hes' it is two integrated heat release coefficients in standard environment, this equation is that the analysis of standard effective temperature SET is fixed
Justice, and can be used to calculate SET, place measured data is brought into the SET value that above-mentioned formula can obtain each measurement point.
5. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 2 it is characterised in that
In step 14, described standard equivalent temperature SET and questionnaire survey scores are collected set up scatterplot, by solving scatterplot
The step that calcium obtains the comfort evaluation index of such building specifically includes：
Step 141, using measured result meansigma methodss in place are tried to achieve per hour standard equivalent temperature SET as abscissa, just often
Hour Questionnaire results score averages, as vertical coordinate, set up scatterplot using Microsoft Excel；
Step 142, add quadratic polynomial Trendline show formula using Microsoft Excel for scatterplot；
Step 143, the standard effective temperature according to Gagge foundation and comfort evaluation table, i.e. the SET definition when Y is less than 0.5
For comfortable interval, when Y value is between 0.5 to 1, it is defined as slightly uncomfortable interval, be uncomfortable when Y is between 1 to 2
Interval, is extremely uncomfortable interval when Y is more than 2, Y=0.5, Y=1 and Y=2 is brought into respectively quadratic polynomial parabola side
Journey, can get corresponding X is SET value, and the demarcation interval according to upper table can get the comfort evaluation index of such building.
6. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
In step 2, described analog parameter specifically includes：Geodata, meteorological data, environmental data, default material, discrete parameter, prison
Measuring point is arranged, and described geodata includes the warp of locality, latitude, residing time zone；Described meteorological data includes the annual highest temperature
With the daily mean temperature when lowest temperature and excessive season, annual relative humidity tendency data, annual wind rose；Described environment
Data includes the city gradient wind of locality；Described default material includes pushing up interface, side boundary material.
7. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
In step 3, described sets up initial model and contrast model according to construction requirements, and the step carrying out software simulation specifically includes：
Step 31, determine volumed space building planar dimension and building height according to construction requirements, according to actual measurement object building shape
Model Establishment initial model；
Step 32, by initial model difference Factor Decompositions, resolve into the slope of roof, go out eaves depth, window-wall ratio, building height because
Element, is 3-4 change level of each selecting factors in rational scope；
Step 33, using orthogonal table, different factors and varying level are combined and set up model.
8. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
In step 4, described analysis mode result, show that the step of optimal thermal comfort scheme specifically includes：
Step 41, according to step 2 to Airpak software items analog parameter be configured, and to each model be simulated；
Step 42, simulation draw air themperature, air humidity, mean radiant temperature and the air velocity data of each monitoring point, meter
Calculate SET value；
Step 43, judge the sequence of each factor influence degree using extremum difference analysis and draw factor and index sign trend, obtain
Optimal thermal comfort scheme；
Step 44, in optimal thermal comfort scheme increase enclosed structure strategy, simulation obtain best of breed.
9. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 9 it is characterised in that
In step 43, the step of described extremum difference analysis specifically includes：
Step 431, calculating Kjm value, kjm value and Rj value,
Test index corresponding to jth row factor m level for the wherein Kjm is with kjm is Kjm meansigma methodss, can be sentenced by kjm size
The disconnected excellent level of jth row factor and excellent combination；Rj is the extreme difference of jth row factor, when reflecting the fluctuation of jth row factor level, test
The amplitude of fluctuation of index.Rj is bigger, illustrates that the impact of this factors on test indicators is bigger, according to Rj size it can be determined that factor
Primary and secondary order；
Step 432, judge excellent combination, secondary factors and excellent level,
According to the characteristic of orthogonal design, for A1, A2, A3, the experimental condition of three groups of tests is duplicate, can carry out straight
Connect and compare, if factor A no affects on test index, then kA1, kA2, kA3 should be equal, but if kA1, kA2, kA3
Unequal, illustrate that the level change of A factor has an impact to result of the test.Therefore, be may determine that according to the size of kA1, kA2, kA3
A1, A2, A3 impact size to test index, in the same manner, also can determine whether factor B, C, the impact to result of the test for the D varying level,
The excellent assembled scheme of this test is can get after judging the optimal level of each factor；
Step 433, drafting factor and index sign trend, with each factor level as abscissa, meansigma methodss kjm of test index are vertical
Coordinate, draws factor and index sign trend.
10. a kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort according to claim 9, its feature exists
In, in step 44, increase enclosed structure strategy in optimal thermal comfort scheme, the step that simulation obtains best of breed is specifically wrapped
Include：
Step 441, determine building enclosure fundamental type according to case；
Step 442, set up model and software simulation；
Step 443, analog result is analyzed draws best of breed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610488895.7A CN106484939B (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2016-06-24 | A kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610488895.7A CN106484939B (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2016-06-24 | A kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106484939A true CN106484939A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN106484939B CN106484939B (en) | 2019-08-20 |
Family
ID=58238794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610488895.7A Active CN106484939B (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2016-06-24 | A kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106484939B (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107357969A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-17 | 新奥泛能网络科技股份有限公司 | Building thermal system Optimization Design based on BIM technology |
| CN107944203A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-04-20 | 侯永胜 | A kind of visual architectural design method of wind-velocity streamline |
| CN108763730A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江农林大学 | Shade tree screening technique, system, terminal and medium based on thermal comfort index |
| CN108931037A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-12-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of optimal control method of interior combination cooling |
| CN109033495A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-18 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of stealthy cape design method of two-dimensional convection heat based on active control heat source |
| CN109470366A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of thermal comfort evaluation system based on three-dimensional radiation environment |
| CN110728023A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-01-24 | 久瓴(上海)智能科技有限公司 | Tiger window component node generation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112984602A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-18 | 西南交通大学 | Floor radiant heating system of large-space building under solar radiation and partitioning method |
| CN114049012A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-15 | 东南大学 | Microclimate environment evaluation method for village and town livable community |
| TWI785928B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-12-01 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | A method for factory ventilation and heat dissipation |
| CN116070884A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-05-05 | 深圳奥雅设计股份有限公司 | High-density urban community and microclimate monitoring and management system |
| CN116227216A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-06-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Quantitative evaluation method for cooling effect of bluish-green space in severe cold region |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103760189A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 上海理工大学 | Measurement method for separation of convection heat and radiant heat for wall surface |
| CN104102789A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-10-15 | 重庆大学 | System and method for evaluating building hot and humid environment levels |
| CN104809334A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-07-29 | 河海大学 | Calculating method of large-volume concrete cooling temperature field |
| CN105046047A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-11-11 | 华南理工大学 | Gymnasium indoor sports environment health degree assessment method applicable to hot and humid areas |
| CN105426577A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 东北石油大学 | Figure simulation method for unsteady-state heat transfer process of large-sized crude oil floating-roof tank |
-
2016
- 2016-06-24 CN CN201610488895.7A patent/CN106484939B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103760189A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 上海理工大学 | Measurement method for separation of convection heat and radiant heat for wall surface |
| CN104102789A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-10-15 | 重庆大学 | System and method for evaluating building hot and humid environment levels |
| CN104809334A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-07-29 | 河海大学 | Calculating method of large-volume concrete cooling temperature field |
| CN105046047A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-11-11 | 华南理工大学 | Gymnasium indoor sports environment health degree assessment method applicable to hot and humid areas |
| CN105426577A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 东北石油大学 | Figure simulation method for unsteady-state heat transfer process of large-sized crude oil floating-roof tank |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107357969A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-17 | 新奥泛能网络科技股份有限公司 | Building thermal system Optimization Design based on BIM technology |
| CN107944203A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-04-20 | 侯永胜 | A kind of visual architectural design method of wind-velocity streamline |
| CN108931037A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-12-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of optimal control method of interior combination cooling |
| CN108763730A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江农林大学 | Shade tree screening technique, system, terminal and medium based on thermal comfort index |
| CN109033495A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-18 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of stealthy cape design method of two-dimensional convection heat based on active control heat source |
| CN109470366A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of thermal comfort evaluation system based on three-dimensional radiation environment |
| CN110728023A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-01-24 | 久瓴(上海)智能科技有限公司 | Tiger window component node generation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110728023B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2023-11-21 | 久瓴(江苏)数字智能科技有限公司 | Tiger window component node generation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112984602A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-18 | 西南交通大学 | Floor radiant heating system of large-space building under solar radiation and partitioning method |
| CN112984602B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-04-29 | 西南交通大学 | Floor radiant heating system of large-space building under solar radiation and partitioning method |
| TWI785928B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-12-01 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | A method for factory ventilation and heat dissipation |
| CN114049012A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-15 | 东南大学 | Microclimate environment evaluation method for village and town livable community |
| CN116227216A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-06-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Quantitative evaluation method for cooling effect of bluish-green space in severe cold region |
| CN116227216B (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2024-04-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Quantitative evaluation method for cooling effect of bluish-green space in severe cold region |
| CN116070884A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-05-05 | 深圳奥雅设计股份有限公司 | High-density urban community and microclimate monitoring and management system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106484939B (en) | 2019-08-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106484939B (en) | A kind of modeling method being conducive to volumed space building indoor thermal comfort | |
| Srivanit et al. | Modeling the influences of layouts of residential townhouses and tree-planting patterns on outdoor thermal comfort in Bangkok suburb | |
| Yang et al. | Comparing impact of multi-factor planning layouts in residential areas on summer thermal comfort based on orthogonal design of experiments (ODOE) | |
| Fong et al. | Holistic recommendations for future outdoor thermal comfort assessment in tropical Southeast Asia: A critical appraisal | |
| Baruti et al. | Review of studies on outdoor thermal comfort in warm humid climates: challenges of informal urban fabric | |
| Taleghani et al. | Outdoor thermal comfort within five different urban forms in the Netherlands | |
| Santamouris et al. | Using intelligent clustering techniques to classify the energy performance of school buildings | |
| Nouri et al. | Addressing thermophysiological thresholds and psychological aspects during hot and dry mediterranean summers through public space design: The case of Rossio | |
| Zhang et al. | Analysis of thermal comfort during movement in a semi-open transition space | |
| CN106156412A (en) | A kind of calculate the method for movement human hot comfort scope in the gymnasium of damp-heat area | |
| Xiong et al. | Strategies for improving the microclimate and thermal comfort of a classical Chinese garden in the hot-summer and cold-winter zone | |
| Zhang et al. | The impact of the building morphology on microclimate and thermal comfort-a case study in Beijing | |
| Ebrahimabadi et al. | Microclimate assessment method for urban design–A case study in subarctic climate | |
| Li et al. | Quantifying tree canopy coverage threshold of typical residential quarters considering human thermal comfort and heat dynamics under extreme heat | |
| Banerjee et al. | Analysing impacts of urban morphological variables and density on outdoor microclimate for tropical cities: A review and a framework proposal for future research directions | |
| CN104778365B (en) | A kind of composite index evaluation method of green building group wind environment outdoor quality | |
| Liu et al. | Climate-conscious spatial morphology optimization strategy using a method combining local climate zone parameterization concept and urban canopy layer model | |
| Yu et al. | The effect of landscape configuration on outdoor thermal environment: A case of urban plaza in Xi'an, China | |
| Ma et al. | The outdoor pedestrian thermal comfort and behavior in a traditional residential settlement–A case study of the cave dwellings in cold winter of China | |
| Sun et al. | Assessment and improvement of Noah-MP for simulating water and heat exchange over alpine grassland in growing season | |
| Yang et al. | The impact of tree species and planting location on outdoor thermal comfort of a semi-outdoor space | |
| Han et al. | Research on the influence of courtyard space layout on building microclimate and its optimal design | |
| Sun et al. | Microclimate Optimization of School Campus Landscape Based on Comfort Assessment | |
| Fan et al. | Integrated daylight and thermal comfort evaluation for tropical passive gymnasiums based on the perspective of exercisers | |
| Li et al. | Comprehensive evaluation of combining CFD simulation and entropy weight to predict natural ventilation strategy in a sliding cover solar greenhouse |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |