CN106482097B - The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow - Google Patents
The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN106482097B CN106482097B CN201510529306.0A CN201510529306A CN106482097B CN 106482097 B CN106482097 B CN 106482097B CN 201510529306 A CN201510529306 A CN 201510529306A CN 106482097 B CN106482097 B CN 106482097B
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- low nitrogen
- nitrogen burner
- percussion flow
- fuel nozzle
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of partly-premixed low nitrogen burners of percussion flow comprising combustion head, the combustion head include a cylindrical empty flow channel；One is arranged in the cyclone inside the cylindrical empty flow channel, which includes outer ring, inner ring, the spinning disk being arranged between the outer ring and inner ring and the central bluff body that inner ring centre bore is arranged in；One fuel nozzle that the outside of burner cyclone is arranged in and is located inside the cylindrical empty flow channel, which includes cartridge and the fuel nozzle ports for being set to the cartridge side.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the partly-premixed low nitrogen volumetric combustions of a kind of low nitrogen burner more particularly to a kind of percussion flow
Device.
Background technique
Nitrogen oxides（NOx）It is one of the primary pollution source of atmosphere, it can not only form acid rain or acid mist, and
The important predecessor of PM2.5 secondary aerosol species.As environmental pollution constantly aggravates, China key area frequently occurs haze,
Through causing huge harm to people's health.As the burning of natural gas, oil liquefied gas and coal synthesis gas utilizes, gas
The pollution problem of volumetric combustion especially reduces the discharge of NOx, is a very urgent task.Therefore, combustion of natural gas mistake is controlled
The generation of NOx is of great significance in journey.
The generation of NOx is divided into thermal NO x, Quick-type NOx and fuel type NOx by Theory of Combustion.Nitrogen content in natural gas
Lower, the source NOx is mainly thermal NO x and Quick-type NOx.Thermal NO x refers to N in burning air used2At high temperature
Oxidation generates NOx；In heating power type mechanism, temperature is the key variables for dominating NOx and generating.When temperature is lower than 1500 DEG C,
The production quantity of heating power NOx is seldom；When higher than 1500 DEG C, temperature is every to increase 100 DEG C, and reaction speed will increase 6 ~ 7 times.Quick-type
NOx is usually that hydrocarbon free radical react forming amine or cyano compound with nitrogen molecular, and 1 region is mainly greater than in equivalent proportion
It generates, reaction temperature is also below thermal NO x.
Low-NO_x combustion technology includes fractional combustion, premixed combustion, flue gas recirculation, multi-hole medium combustion, flameless combustion, change
Learn the technologies such as chain burning.
The principle of grading combustion technology is that ignition temperature reaches highest in the case where equivalent proportion is 1, in lean combustion or richness
It burns in the case where combustion, ignition temperature is lower than the ignition temperature that equivalent proportion is 1, the temperature field in energy reasonable distribution furnace
Distribution, avoids the occurrence of localized hyperthermia, and achieving the effect that, which reduces NOx, generates.
Premixed combustion is a kind of effective technology that reduction NOx is generated.The advantages of generation for control NOx, this technology
Being can be by realizing the control to ignition temperature to fully controlling for equivalent proportion.By Lean burn combustion ignition temperature is dropped
It is low, while making the equivalent proportion of mixture less than 1, such thermal NO x and Quick-type NOx are generated and will be reduced.But premix combustion
The not widely applied limiting factor of burning technology is：Combustion instability may cause tempering or flame-out；Excess air coefficient compared with
Greatly, system thermal efficiency is reduced.
The reduction of ignition temperature can also be realized by flue gas recirculation, by the way that the combustion product of flue gas is added to combustion
It burns in region, reduces ignition temperature, while the flue gas being added reduces the partial pressure of oxygen, this will weaken oxygen and nitrogen generates
The process of thermal NO x, to reduce the generation of NOx.Studies have shown that external flue gas recirculation is raw by the NOx for reducing 70%
At.The main problem of flue gas recirculation is that oxygen partial pressure reduces, air velocity increases so that combustion instability, occur it is flame-out,
Phenomena such as concussion.
According to the developing stage of low nitrogen burning industrial application technology, it substantially can be divided into three developing stage：First, it adopts
With grading combustion technology, the concentration of emission of NOx can be controlled in 100mg/m3, but to may cause CO concentration of emission bright for this technology
It is aobvious to rise；Second, using flue gas recirculating technique, the concentration of emission of NOx can be controlled in 60 ~ 80mg/m3, according to flue gas recirculation
Ratio emission level differs greatly, this technical costs is lower, and is suitable for transformation and upgrade, but do not have for the control of Quick-type NOx
It is effective, and increase blower power consumption；The concentration of emission of NOx can be controlled 10 ~ 60mg/m by third, premixed combustion technology3,
Adjustable in a certain range according to the requirement of environmental protection standard, this technical costs is lower, is suitable for grassroot project, but for overall thermal
Efficiency slightly influences（In terms of low heat valve, about 1 ~ 2% or so）, i.e. NOx emission concentration is lower, and the thermal efficiency is lower, while also depositing
In safety issue.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is necessory to provide, a kind of thermal efficiency is high, NOx emission concentration is lower, combustion stablized percussion flow portion
Divide premix low nitrogen burner.
A kind of partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow comprising combustion head, the combustion head include a cylindrical empty
Flow channel；One is arranged in the cyclone inside the cylindrical empty flow channel, which includes that outer ring, inner ring, setting are outer at this
Spinning disk between ring and inner ring and the central bluff body that inner ring centre bore is set；One is arranged in the outside of burner cyclone
And it is located at the fuel nozzle inside the cylindrical empty flow channel, which includes cartridge and is set to the cartridge side
The fuel nozzle ports in face.
Compared with prior art, the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow provided by the present invention, passes through fuel
Classification, percussion flow mixing to control the spatial distribution of time and Hybrid analysis that burning is mixed with oxygen, thus control burn rate,
The temperature and reactant of flame region are finally effectively reduced heating power type and Quick-type NOx in the residence time of high-temperature region
It generates, realizes that NOx is generated and be less than 50mg/Nm3（@3.5%O2）.The invention combines that percussion flow is partly-premixed and eddy flow degree is to burning
The control of flame can meet the flame holding under the conditions of higher flue gas recirculation, so that NOx generation is dropped below
20mg/Nm3（@3.5%O2）Minimum discharge it is horizontal, while also there is stronger fuel tolerance.
The partly-premixed eddy flow percussion flow gas burner of fuel staging provided by the present invention, structurally reasonable, fuel adapt to
Property wide, high combustion efficiency, pollutant emission it is small, flameholding, being suitable for industrial furnace, reformer and gas turbine combustion makes
With.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stereochemical structure signal for the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow that first embodiment of the invention provides
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the main view of the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the main view of the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner cyclone of percussion flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner fuel pipe arrangement schematic diagram of percussion flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 ~ Figure 10 be the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner fuel nozzle exit area of percussion flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
The schematic diagram of shape and arrangement mode.
Figure 11 is that the stereochemical structure for the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow that second embodiment of the invention provides is shown
It is intended to.
Main element symbol description
| The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow | 10、40 |
| Combustion head | 20 |
| Front runner | 30 |
| Cylindrical empty flow channel | 21 |
| Cyclone | 22 |
| Fuel nozzle | 23 |
| Secondary fuel spout | 24 |
| Steady flame section | 25 |
| Air intake | 31 |
| Air front flow deflector | 32 |
| Flow deflector after air | 33 |
| Air intake section | 34 |
| Air necking section | 35 |
| Outer ring | 220 |
| Spinning disk | 221 |
| Inner ring | 222 |
| Central bluff body | 223 |
| Cartridge | 230 |
| Fuel nozzle ports | 231 |
The present invention that the following detailed description will be further explained with reference to the above drawings.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, low nitrogen burner partly-premixed to percussion flow provided by the invention
It is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner 10 of a percussion flow, the percussion flow portion
Dividing the low nitrogen burner 10 of premix includes combustion head 20 and front runner 30, and the combustion head 20 and front runner 30 are connected to
Together and it is connected to.
The combustion head 20 includes cylindrical empty flow channel 21, the cyclone being arranged in inside the cylindrical empty flow channel 21
22, the fuel nozzle 23 that the outside of cyclone 22 is set and is located inside the cylindrical empty flow channel 21.The front runner
30 include flow deflector 33, air intake after air intake 31, the air front flow deflector 32 being set to after air intake and air
Section 34 and air necking section 35, the cylindrical empty flow channel 21 are arranged in the air necking section 35.
Include outer ring 220, inner ring 222, be arranged in 220 and of the outer ring with Fig. 3, the cyclone 22 referring to Figure 2 together
Spinning disk 221 between inner ring 222 and the central bluff body 223 that inner ring centre bore is set.The major function of cyclone 22 exists
In offer different air quantity and gas cyclone number.The ratio of the adjustable outer ring 220 of cyclone air volume and inner ring 222,
The size of outer ring 220 optimizes, and thinks that the diameter ratio of inner ring 222 and outer ring 220 is 1 by optimization:3 be best.In this implementation
In example, the diameter ratio of inner ring 222 and outer ring 220 is 1:3.The size of swirling number can by adjusting spinning disk 221 number, rotation
The tilt angle of flow 221 optimizes.The number of spinning disk 221 is 10-20, and the range of tilt angles of spinning disk 221 is 10-
30 º.In the present embodiment, the number of the spinning disk 221 is 32, and the range of tilt angles of spinning disk 221 is 20 o.In
Corresponding size and shape can be made according to different combustion cases in heart bluff body 223, such as round, rectangular, hexagon, rectangular
Shape, cross and the oval flow field to control burner outlet.In the present embodiment, the central bluff body 223 is circle.It is logical
The above parameter is overregulated, burner outlet can be made to generate stable recirculating zone, realizes the first low nitrogen combustion of the present embodiment
Burn principle.
Referring to Figure 4 together, the arrangement of fuel nozzle 23 " is hit using what fuel high-speed impact cyclone surface generated
Hit stream ", to achieve the effect that quickly to mix.Fuel nozzle 23 includes cartridge 230 and fuel nozzle ports 231, the fuel nozzle ports 231
It is set to the side of the cartridge 230 or the side and top surface of the cartridge 230.The dispersed placement of the cartridge 230
So that fuel spatially has deep or light distribution, nearby equivalent proportion is greater than 1 to fuel nozzle ports, and equivalent proportion is small between two fuel nozzle ports
In 1, the effect of fractional combustion is produced.Fuel hits outer ring 220 from 231 high speed ejection of fuel nozzle ports, generate hit,
The effect quickly mixed.
Pass through the radical of cartridge 230, of the jet velocity of fuel, the shape of fuel nozzle ports 231, fuel nozzle ports 231
Number, distance d of the fuel nozzle ports 231 apart from outer ring 220 control the incorporation time and Hybrid analysis of fuel and air, to reach control
Burn rate processed, the spatial distribution of fuel, the effect for premixing degree realize low nitrogen burning and stablize burning.The root of cartridge 230
Number is 5-32 root, and in the present embodiment, the radical of cartridge is 8.The jet velocity of fuel is between 100-200m/s, at this
In embodiment, the jet velocity of fuel is 150m/s.The side of cartridge 230 can have 1-3 fuel nozzle ports 231, cartridge
230 top surface can have fuel nozzle ports 231 or without fuel nozzle ports 231.The shape of the fuel nozzle ports 231 is unlimited, can be with
It is rectangular or round.The size of each fuel nozzle ports 231 and the arrangement mode in the side of cartridge 230 can also be different.
For example, please referring to Fig. 5 to Figure 10, the side of cartridge 230 can have a rectangular or circular fuel nozzle ports 231, can also be with
There are two circular fuel nozzle ports 231, this two circular fuel nozzle ports 231 can be arranged above and below can also with left-right situs,
It can be there are three fuel nozzle ports 231, three 231 left-right situs of fuel nozzle ports, wherein intermediate fuel nozzle ports 231 are than two sides
Fuel nozzle ports 231 are slightly larger, and the side of cartridge 230 can also have a circular fuel nozzle ports 231, and have a circle in top surface
The fuel nozzle ports 231 of shape.Fuel nozzle ports 231 can be arranged directly on the side of cartridge 230, also can be set in cartridge
On the boss of 230 sides.In the present embodiment, the side of cartridge 230 is formed with a boss, and a circle is provided on the boss
The fuel nozzle ports 231 of shape.Distance d of the fuel nozzle ports 231 apart from outer ring 220 can be 1-10 times of 231 diameter of fuel nozzle ports, control
D processed can control premixing effect, and excellent to take d be 1.5-3 times of 231 diameter of fuel nozzle ports, and in the present embodiment, d is fuel nozzle ports 231
2 times of diameter.By adjusting the above parameter, the fuel mixability needed for burner outlet can be made to generate realizes this reality
Apply second of low nitrogen burning principle of example.
Air enters burner from air intake 31, makes under the action of air front flow deflector 32 is with flow deflector 33 after air
It obtains air uniformity to be guaranteed, cylindrical air runner 21 is entered after through air intake section 34 and necking section 35, is being fired
A part of air-flow in burner exit forms the very big swirling eddy of swirling number by the spinning disk 221, and a part of air-flow is from institute
The channel stated around cyclone passes through, and has thus carried out good tissue to the air-flow of burner outlet.
Fuel passes through eight cartridges 230, sprays from 231 high speed of fuel nozzle ports, generates strong shock with outer ring 220
Effect, is mixed with air, is achieved the effect that partly-premixed.
Referring to Fig. 6, second embodiment of the invention provides the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner 40 of a percussion flow, the shock
Stream part premixes the partly-premixed low nitrogen combustion of percussion flow of the structure and first embodiment of the invention of low nitrogen burner 40
The structure of burner 10 is essentially identical, and label is identical to indicate identical as the structure of first embodiment.
One of difference is that the burner outlet is provided with secondary fuel spout 24, which divides
Cloth is on the annulus of burner outlet, and quantity is 10-40, diameter 2-6mm, and accounting for total fuel ratio is 20-80%, this ratio
Example be it is adjustable, play the role of fractional combustion, reduce nitrogen oxides.In the present embodiment, the secondary fuel spout 24
Quantity is 36, diameter 4mm, accounts for total fuel ratio depending on actual conditions.
Another difference is that can also increase a steady flame section 25 in the burner outlet, which is secondary combustion
Expect that the annulus of outlet can be straight section, flaring, necking, length is adjustable, and material is fire proofed wood to separate that extended section of burner
Material.Flame structure can be changed by adjusting the steady flame section 25（Length and diameter）, to adapt to different burner hearths.
The embodiment of the present invention according to condition of burning, including fuel change, temperature etc., can pass through in the process of running
The design of cyclone 22 and the arrangement of fuel nozzle 23 adjust rotational flow air amount and swirling number, to control recirculating zone
Combustion system.
The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow provided by the embodiment of the present invention, using two kinds of low nitrogen burnings and surely
Surely the principle burnt：One, flue gas is generated in burner outlet flame front and is returned by the effect of spinning disk at fuel nozzle ports center
The stable combustion region of stream, this region is since there are the interior circulation of high warm flue gas, NOx generation can be significantly reduced；Moreover, should
The stabilization recirculating zone that burner generates is equivalent to there are a flame on duty, greatly facilitates the stabilization of flame.Two, pass through fuel
High speed injection is hit with spinning disk, is generated the strong immixture of one kind and is reached a kind of portion so that fuel is quickly mixed with air
Divide the state of premix；Simultaneously by the arrangement of fuel multi-port so that fuel spatially generates deep or light distribution, reach dispersion and
The effect of fractional combustion, so that the temperature field of burner outlet is visibly homogeneous, subtracts significantly while reducing flame combustion temperature
The generation of thermal NO x and Quick-type NOx are lacked；In the fuel concentration distribution that burner outlet generates, so that tempering possibility
Reduce, combustion stability increases.Fuel staging and partly-premixed it can effectively improve efficiency of combustion, it can be achieved that completely burned.
The maximum effect for being characterized in that its low nitrogen burning of the embodiment of the present invention, including design, the burning by cyclone
The arrangement of jet pipe, the time and Hybrid analysis that control burning is mixed with oxygen, to control burn rate, the temperature of flame region
Degree and reactant are finally effectively reduced the generation of heating power type and Quick-type NOx in the residence time of high-temperature region, realize NOx
It generates and is less than 50mg/Nm3（@3.5%O2）.The present embodiment can cooperate well with flue gas recirculating technique, in high flue gas recirculation
It is realized in the case where rate and stablizes burning, so that NOx generation is dropped below 20mg/Nm3（@3.5%O2）Minimum discharge it is horizontal.
Another significant feature of the embodiment of the present invention is that the stability of its burning is good, burning is complete, passes through cyclone
Design forms recirculating zone in burner outlet, plays the role of stablizing burning；The arrangement of burner nozzle can control premix effect
Fruit, so that the problems such as burner is not tempered.
The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow provided by the present invention, combines a variety of low nitrogen burning mechanism, area
Not in the diffusion combustion technology generallyd use at present, diffusion combustion technology is difficult to realize Quick-type NOx and control, and local hot spot
Thermal NO x is formed by be difficult to inhibit；Also it is different from lean combustion premix technology, lean combustion is premixed since excess air coefficient is larger,
It causes heat loss due to exhaust gas excessive, reduces system thermal efficiency, the problem of there is also combustion instabilities.
The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow provided by the present invention can solve while reducing NOx and generating
Premixed flame and the combustion instability of flue gas recirculation, the problems such as thermal efficiency is low.It is few with burning pollutant discharge, for example, tool
There is ultra-low NOx emission, completely, combustion stability is good, and high combustion efficiency is simple and reliable for structure for burning.The burning of civilian and industrial furnace
It can use, be with a wide range of applications.
In addition, those skilled in the art can also do other variations in spirit of that invention, these are spiritual according to the present invention
The variation done should be all included in scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow comprising combustion head, the combustion head include：
One cylindrical empty flow channel；
One is arranged in the cyclone inside the cylindrical empty flow channel, the cyclone include outer ring, inner ring, setting in the outer ring and
Spinning disk between inner ring and the central bluff body that inner ring centre bore is set；
One fuel nozzle that the outside of burner cyclone is set and is located inside the cylindrical empty flow channel, the fuel nozzle
Including cartridge and the fuel nozzle ports of the cartridge side are set to, fuel is sprayed from the fuel nozzle ports, and air-flow is along institute
Cyclone radial direction is stated, after generating shock with the cyclone outer wall face, realization is mixed with the rapid of air, and it is pre- to reach part
It is mixed.
2. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the percussion flow portion
The low nitrogen burner outlet of premix is divided to be further provided with secondary fuel spout, which is distributed in the shock
Stream part premixes on the annulus of low nitrogen burner outlet.
3. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the percussion flow portion
Point low nitrogen burner outlet of premix is provided with steady flame section, which is the annulus that exports of the secondary fuel to separate institute
State partly-premixed low that extended section of nitrogen burner of percussion flow.
4. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the secondary fuel spray
The quantity of mouth is 10-40, diameter 2-6mm, and accounting for total fuel ratio is 20-80%.
5. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that of the spinning disk
Number is 10-20.
6. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the spinning disk inclines
Rake angle range is 10-30 °.
7. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the inner ring and outer rings
Diameter ratio be 1:3.
8. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the root of the cartridge
Number is 5-32 root.
9. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that each cartridge
Top surface be provided with fuel nozzle ports.
10. the partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel nozzle ports
Distance apart from the outer ring is 1-10 times of the fuel nozzle ports diameter.
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| CN201510529306.0A CN106482097B (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2015-08-26 | The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510529306.0A CN106482097B (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2015-08-26 | The partly-premixed low nitrogen burner of percussion flow |
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| CN106482097A CN106482097A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN106482097B true CN106482097B (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107062226B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2023-10-17 | 北京市热力集团有限责任公司 | High-temperature flue gas large-backflow low-nitrogen combustor |
| CN107191932B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-08-30 | 江阴创捷电气设备有限公司 | Low NO |
| CN107514636B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2023-09-08 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | Burner for suspension roasting furnace and application thereof |
| CN109099427A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2018-12-28 | 北京环科环保技术公司 | A kind of combustion head of burner |
| CN109737401B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | Low-nitrogen combustor utilizing lean gas/combustible gas cyclone mixed combustion |
| CN110986039B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-12-28 | 史星宇 | Gas molecule collision diffusion premixing low-nitrogen combustion device and combustion head thereof |
| CN114659105B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-12-30 | 清华大学 | Straight rod type premix burner and low-nitrogen combustion method |
| CN114688559A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-07-01 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | High-efficiency mixing head structure of low-emission hydrogen fuel combustion chamber |
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