CN106481345A - Staving press and the expanding method using which - Google Patents
Staving press and the expanding method using which Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106481345A CN106481345A CN201510849586.3A CN201510849586A CN106481345A CN 106481345 A CN106481345 A CN 106481345A CN 201510849586 A CN201510849586 A CN 201510849586A CN 106481345 A CN106481345 A CN 106481345A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- main body
- protuberance
- staving press
- cutter head
- staving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/124—Helical conveying means therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
According to the present invention, tunnel outer is discharged to from the rock block and rock dust of tunnel upper loosening or slump while can moving together with staving press when staving press is retreated, thus, it is possible to prevent from blocking (jamming).Further, it is possible to without departing from digging track, carry out reaming with curve track effectively and with high excavation speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of staving press, more particularly to one kind can loosen from tunnel upper or collapse
The rock block for falling and rock dust are moved and are discharged to outside tunnel together with staving press when staving press is retreated
Portion, thus, it is possible to prevent from blocking the staving press of (jamming).
In addition, the invention further relates to a kind of without departing from track is dug, can dig effectively and with high
Pick speed carries out the staving press of reaming with curve track.
Also, a kind of the invention further relates to expanding method of utilization staving press.
Background technology
In general, staving press is used for the cutting hole that broadening has been formed in ground or rock.
As shown in Figure 1a, staving press 1 possesses：Columnar main body 2, it is located at the hammer of main body 2
Drill bit 3 and it is connected to the drive rod 5 of main body 2.
Main body 2 is rotated and is pulled by the revolving force that transmits from drive rod 5 and pulling force, and
And hammer bit 3 beats the ground (rock etc.) positioned at front in the state of the rotation of main body 2.Hammer drill
3 hammering is cooperated with the rotation of main body 2 and realizes effectively cutting.
The cutting by staving press 1 is formed using bentonite (bentonite) or compressed air
Tiny rock dust be discharged to tunnel outer.Fig. 1 b illustrates that tiny rock dust passes through by 5 institute of drive rod
The bentonite of supply and be discharged to the situation of tunnel outer.Arrow in Fig. 1 b represents bentonitic
Mobile route.
But, when decayed rock or soft rock area is dug, from the rock block that tunnel upper loosens
R remains in the top of staving press 1 after cutting, and in staving press 1 through afterwards, slowly
Drop to the rear of staving press 1.Accordingly, there exist larger rock block R can not pass through swollen
Profit soil or compressed air are discharged to the problem of tunnel outer.
This rock block R can't form problem during the advance of staving press 1, but dig
After tunnel, staving press 1 retreat when, rock block R can be clipped in staving press 1 outer peripheral face and
Between tunnel wall, so as to hinder rotation and the retrogressing of staving press 1, its result can result in blockage.
On the other hand, the staving press 1 is due to cylindrical-shaped main body 2, therefore having in length
The structure for extending on direction in long way, so as to when being dug (reaming) with rectilinear orbit effectively, but
(reaming) is dug with curve track to have difficulties.
Content of the invention
Invention problem to be solved
The present invention be in view of above-mentioned problem and propose, its object is to provide a kind of, from tunnel
The rock block R and rock dust of top loosening or slump is rotated together with staving press when staving press is retreated
And tunnel outer is discharged to, thus, it is possible to prevent the staving press for blocking.
Another object of the present invention is to offer is a kind of can be with high excavation speed with curve track
The staving press of (reaming) is effectively dug.
The another object again of the present invention is to provide a kind of expanding method using this staving press.
The method for solving problem
For solving above-mentioned problem, the staving press of the present invention includes：Main body 110,510；Hammer bit,
Which is arranged on before main body 110,510 with being reciprocally moveable；Protuberance 120,220,320,
420, its continuously and be formed at predetermined intervals main body 110, the protuberance 120 of 510 sides,
220、320、420；And be connected to main body 110 and while pulling main body 110, make its rotation
Drive rod 5.
The truncated cone shape that the main body 110 more more diminishes from front end to the back-end with its diameter,
Or diameter identical drum.
The overall helically shape of protuberance 120,220,320,420.According to the present invention,
In the state of so that main body 110,510 is rotated and be pulled by drive rod 5, hammer bit carries out past
Beat ground while movement again, so as to realize reaming and advance, after above-mentioned advance is terminated,
When staving press is retreated, the rock block R dropped from tunnel upper or rock dust are along the helix
Rotate together with main body 110,510 and mobile, so as to be discharged to tunnel outer together with staving press.
Thereby, it is possible to prevent clogging.
According to the present invention first, the 5th embodiment (Fig. 2-4, Figure 12-13), the protuberance
With spiral (screw) shape.The twist tabs 120 formed described spiral-shaped and
Continuously extend, in the case of using cylindrical-shaped main body 110, protuberance is from main body 110
Front end continuously extends to rear end, in the case of using truncated cone main body 510, protuberance
Continuously extend from the initiating terminal of the inclination interval of main body 510 to end is terminated.
According to the present invention second, sixth embodiment (Fig. 5-6, Figure 14), the protuberance has
Zigzag fashion.Zigzag protuberance 220 is formed in the way of being spaced apart interval, and integrally
Upper is in described spiral-shaped.
In the case of cylindrical-shaped main body 110, zigzag protuberance 220 is from before main body 110
Hold and separate predetermined distance to rear end and separate and formed, in the case of truncated cone main body 510,
Protuberance separates predetermined distance from the initiating terminal of the inclination interval of main body 510 to end end and is formed.
During staving press advances, rock dust can be spaced apart by zigzag protuberance 220 is
Interval rearward moving, during staving press is retreated, the sharp parts 222 of sawtooth end
Can be with crushed rock block.
According to the three, the 7th embodiments (Fig. 7-8, Figure 15) of the present invention, the protuberance has
Cutter head (cutter bit).Cutter head dummy protuberance 320 is to be spaced apart the side at interval
Formula is formed, and on the whole in described spiral-shaped.
In the case of cylindrical-shaped main body 110, cutter head dummy protuberance 320 is from main body 110
Front end separate predetermined distance to rear end and formed, in the case of cone type main body 510,
Protuberance separates predetermined distance from the initiating terminal of the inclination interval of main body 510 to end end and is formed.
Before cutter head dummy protuberance 320, it is respectively formed with blade (blade) below
The front cutter head 322 of shape, rear cutter head 324.During staving press advances,
Rock dust can be rearward moved by the interval between cutter head dummy protuberance 320, and
Front cutter head 322 sleekly forms tunnel hole wall.And, during staving press is retreated,
Rear cutter head 324 can crush rock slag.
According to the four, the 8th embodiments (Fig. 9-11, Figure 16) of the present invention, the protuberance tool
There is pick cutter head (pick cutter) 424,422.Pick cutter head type protuberance 420 with each other every
The standard width of a room in an old-style house every mode formed, and on the whole in described spiral-shaped.Also, in pick cutter head
Type protuberance 420 can possess the pick cutter head 424 towards front and towards rearward pick cutter head
In 422 at least any one.
In the case of cylindrical-shaped main body 110, pick cutter head type protuberance 420 is from main body 110
Front end separate predetermined distance to rear end and formed, in the case of truncated cone main body 510,
Protuberance separates predetermined distance from the initiating terminal of the inclination interval of main body 510 to end end and is formed.
During staving press advances, tunnel is sleekly formed towards the pick cutter head 424 in front
Hole wall, during staving press is retreated, can crush rock slag towards rearward pick cutter head 422.
Expanding method according to a further aspect in the invention, which includes：A () makes the staving press before
Enter and split the step of carrying out reaming of punchinging；And (b) is after above-mentioned (a) step is carried out, expansion is made
The step of hole machine is retreated.
In (b) step, the rock block R dropped from tunnel upper or rock dust are along protuberance
120th, 220,320,420 helix is rotated together with main body, and when staving press is retreated
Tunnel outer is therewith discharged to.The direction of retreat of staving press and the shifting of rock block R or rock dust
Dynamic direction (discharge direction) is identical.
On the other hand, according to the present invention, if connection 120,220,320,420 upper end of protuberance
Line is downward-sloping towards staving press rear end or in the part in hammer bit more to side compared with main body
Direction projects or the side of main body is formed obliquely, then more efficiently can be entered with curve track
Row digs (reaming).Contact with the outer side surface W1 of expanded bore B in the front-end and back-end of staving press,
And in the state of the side (or protuberance) of main body is contacted with interior sidewall surface W2 of expanded bore B, energy
(reaming) is dug in enough realizations.
The effect of invention
According to the present invention, the rock block R and rock dust from tunnel upper loosening or slump is in staving press
Move together with staving press during retrogressing and tunnel outer is discharged to, thus, it is possible to prevent blocking
(jamming).In addition, (reaming) can be dug with high excavation speed with curve track.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a is the stereogram for illustrating staving press of the prior art.
Fig. 1 b is to illustrate the sectional view that rock is dug using the staving press of Fig. 1 a.
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating Fig. 2.
When Fig. 4 is the staving press retrogressing for being shown in Fig. 2, rock block etc. is rotated together with staving press
While to tunnel portal side shifting sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the side view for illustrating the staving press with the pick cutter head type protuberance towards front.
Figure 12 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
When Figure 13 is the staving press retrogressing for being shown in Figure 12, rock block etc. is revolved together with staving press
While turning to tunnel portal side shifting sectional view.
Figure 14 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 and Figure 18 are to illustrate to carry out with curve track using the staving press of Figure 12 to Figure 16
Dig the sectional structure chart of (reaming).
Figure 19 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the front view of the staving press for illustrating Figure 19.
Figure 21 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating the 11st embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
1、100、200、300、400、500、600、700、800、900、1000、1100：
Staving press
2、110、510：Main body
3、4：Hammer bit
5：Drive rod
120、220、320、420：Protuberance
222：The sharp parts of zigzag protuberance end
322：Cutter head towards front
324：Towards rearward cutter head
422：Towards rearward pick cutter head
424：Pick cutter head towards front
R：Rock block
A：Dig hole
B：Expanded bore
W1：The outer side surface of expanded bore
W2：The interior sidewall surface of expanded bore
D：The diameter of main body
L：The length of staving press
θ：Angle of inclination
P1、P2、P3：Staving press and the contact portion of expanded bore
r：Radius of curvature
Specific embodiment
Below, referring to the drawings the detailed life present invention.Before this, in this specification and claims
The term for being used or word can not be construed to limiting the implication in common or dictionary, Ying Li
Solve when the invention of itself is described in optimal method for inventor, can suitably define term
Concept in principle, explains implication and the concept of the technology design for meeting the present invention.Therefore, originally
Embodiment and structure shown in the drawings described in specification is only embodiments of the invention, and
Do not represent whole technology designs of the present invention, it is thus understood that the present invention have can replace the multiple of its
Equipollent and variation.
First embodiment
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is to illustrate
The side view of the staving press.
Referring to the drawings, staving press 100 possesses：Main body 110；It is arranged on many before main body 110
Individual hammer bit 3；And the protuberance 120 formed in 110 side of main body.
Main body 110 is pulled forwards by drive rod 5, and the rotary speed to specify
(R.P.M.) rotate., with drum, therefore the diameter of its front end to rear end is identical for main body 110.
Hammer bit 3 by the compressed air from outside supply to be moved back and forth while beat
The ground (rock etc.) in front.In order to effectively be dug, multiple hammer bits 3 can be from main body
110 center is with mutually different radius configuration.
Protuberance 120 in the side of main body 110 with spiral-shaped protrusion, and from main body 110
Front end to rear end be continuously formed with spiral-shaped.
On the other hand, for staving press 100, revolved by drive rod 5 in main body 110,510
In the state of turning and being pulled, hammer bit 3 is moved back and forth and is beaten ground, so as to realize
Reaming and advance.
Also, after described advance is terminated, as shown in figure 4, after the rotation simultaneously of staving press 100
(move to the right direction of Fig. 4) when moving back, from rock block R or the rock dust edge of tunnel upper slump
Protuberance 120 helix and together with staving press 100 rotation and to tunnel outer, (tunnel enters
Mouth side, the right side of Fig. 4) mobile.Therefore, when staving press 100 is retreated, staving press 100
Direction of retreat is identical with the moving direction (discharge direction) of rock block R etc..Dotted line arrow in Fig. 4
Head represents the mobile route of rock block R or rock dust.
Second embodiment
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 6 is to illustrate
The side view of the staving press.In the reference of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, with Fig. 1's to Fig. 4
Reference identical reference represents identical inscape.
The staving press 200 possesses：Cylindrical-shaped main body 110；It is arranged on many before main body 110
Individual hammer bit 3；And the protuberance 220 formed in 110 side of main body.In said structure, main
Body 110 is identical with the main body 110 of first embodiment and hammer bit 3 respectively with hammer bit 3, because
This, omits the explanation to both herein.
Protuberance 220 projects to be formed in the side of main body 110 with zigzag fashion.The zigzag
Protuberance 220 separates predetermined distance and is formed, and on the whole, from the front end of main body 110
Formed to rear end spiral-shaped.Zigzag protuberance 220 has sharp parts 222 at its two ends.
When staving press 200 rotates and advances, tiny rock dust is between the above-mentioned interval for separating
Rearward move linearly, such that it is able to rapid discharge.
Also, when staving press 200 rotates and retreats, from the rock block R of tunnel upper slump
Or rock dust is rotated and to outside tunnel together with staving press 200 along the helix of protuberance 220
Portion (tunnel portal side) is mobile.Now, the sharp portion of the end (edge) of zigzag protuberance 220
222 are divided to play a part of crushed rock block R.Therefore, even larger rock block R,
Tunnel portal side can be smoothly discharged out together with staving press 200.
3rd embodiment
Fig. 7 is the staving press for illustrating the third embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is to illustrate the reaming
The side view of machine.Reference in the reference of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6
Identical reference represents identical inscape.
The staving press 300 possesses：Cylindrical-shaped main body 110；It is arranged on many before main body 110
Individual hammer bit 3；And the protuberance 320 formed in 110 side of main body.In said structure, main
Body 110 and hammer bit 3 main body 110 and 3 phase of hammer bit respectively with first, second embodiment
Same, therefore, omit the explanation to both herein.
Protuberance 320 projects to be formed in the side of main body 110, and possesses：Towards front (figure
8 left direction) cutter head 322；And the cutter towards rear (right direction of Fig. 8)
324.
The cutter head dummy protuberance 320 separates predetermined distance and is formed, and on the whole,
Formed from the front end of main body 110 to rear end spiral-shaped.
When staving press 300 rotates and advances, tiny rock dust can be from the above-mentioned interval for separating
Between rearward move linearly, such that it is able to rapid discharge, and the cutter head towards front
322 sleekly form tunnel hole wall.
Also, when staving press 300 rotates and retreats, from the rock block R of tunnel upper slump
Or rock dust is rotated and to outside tunnel together with staving press 300 along the helix of protuberance 320
Portion (tunnel portal side) is mobile.Now, play towards rearward cutter head 324 and crush rock slag
Effect.Therefore, even larger rock block R, it is also possible to smooth together with staving press 300
Be discharged to tunnel portal side.
Fourth embodiment
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 10 is to illustrate
The side view of the staving press.In the reference of Fig. 9 and Figure 10, with Fig. 1's to Fig. 8
Reference identical reference represents identical inscape.
The staving press 400 possesses：Cylindrical-shaped main body 110；It is arranged on many before main body 110
Individual hammer bit 3；And the protuberance 420 formed in 110 side of main body.In the said structure of place,
Main body 110 and hammer bit 3 main body 110 and hammer bit 3 respectively with the first to 3rd embodiment
Identical, therefore, omit the explanation to both herein.
Protuberance 420 projects to be formed in the side of main body 110.As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, dash forward
Go out portion 420 and (rear pick is formed by the pick cutter head 422 towards rear (right direction of Figure 10)
Cutter head type protuberance), or as shown in figure 11, by towards front (left direction of Figure 11)
Pick cutter head 424 forms (front pick cutter head type protuberance).Also, although not shown, front is cut
Serrated knife head dummy protuberance 420 and rear pick cutter head type protuberance 420 can be all provided simultaneously with one
In individual staving press.
The pick cutter head type protuberance 420 separates predetermined distance and is formed, and on the whole,
Formed from the front end of main body 110 to rear end spiral-shaped.
When staving press 400 rotates and advances, tiny rock dust can be from above-mentioned detached interval
Between rearward move linearly, so as to discharge rapidly, and the pick cutter head 420 towards front
Tunnel hole wall is sleekly formed.
Also, when staving press 400 rotates and retreats, from the rock block R of tunnel upper slump
Or rock dust is rotated and to outside tunnel together with staving press 400 along the helix of protuberance 420
Portion (tunnel portal side) is mobile, plays a part of to crush rock slag towards rearward pick cutter head 422.
Therefore, even larger rock block R, it is also possible to be smoothly discharged out together with staving press 400
To tunnel portal side.
5th embodiment
Figure 12 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 13 is to show
Go out the sectional view when staving press is retreated.In the reference of Figure 12 and Figure 13, with Fig. 1
Reference identical reference to Fig. 8 represents identical inscape.
Referring to the drawings, staving press 500 possesses：The main body 510 of truncated cone shape；It is arranged on main body
Multiple hammer bits 3 before 510；And the twist tabs 120 formed in 510 side of main body.
Compared with staving press 100,200,300,400, staving press 500 is due to truncated cone master
Body 510, easily can be dug with curve track, and easily by rock block R when retreating
Or rock dust is discharged to the outside, this point is illustrated later.
Compared with staving press 100, staving press 500 except main body 510 shape difference in addition to,
Remaining all same.Therefore, the hammer bit 3 of staving press 500 and protuberance 120 respectively with expansion
The hammer bit 3 of hole machine 100 is identical with protuberance 120.
Main body 510 includes：The cylindrical shape formed in from its front end to whole specified interval is interval；
With the inclination interval formed at the interval rear of cylindrical shape.Also, protuberance 120 is from described
The initiating terminal of inclination interval is continuously formed to end is terminated.
As the corresponding scheme of the structure of main body as above 510, main body can with diameter with
The mode tapered into towards rear end from its front end and be formed slopely that (that is, main body can also only by inclining
Tiltedly interval formation and interval nothing cylindrical shape).Now, protuberance 120,220,320,420 from
The front end of main body extends to rear end.On the other hand, " truncated cone shape " in this specification is referred to
Including above-mentioned two situations.
As shown in figure 13, (that is, to the right direction of Figure 13 when staving press 500 rotates and retreats
When mobile), from the rock block R of tunnel upper slump or rock dust along the helix of protuberance 120
And rotate together with staving press 500 and mobile to tunnel outer (tunnel portal side).That is, work as reaming
When machine 500 is retreated, the direction of retreat (right direction in Figure 13) of staving press 500 and rock block
The moving direction (discharge direction) of R etc. is identical.Dotted arrow in Figure 13 represent rock block R or
The mobile route of rock dust.Compared with staving press 100,200,300,400, more towards staving press
500 rear, 510 side of main body and the gap that digs between hole wall W1, W2 are bigger, because
Rock block R etc. can be smoothly discharged out (movement) to rear by this.
Sixth embodiment
Figure 14 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the sixth embodiment of the present invention.Figure 14's
In reference, represent identical structure with the reference identical reference of Fig. 1 to Figure 13
Become key element.
Referring to the drawings, staving press 600 possesses：The main body 510 of truncated cone shape；It is arranged on main body
Multiple hammer bits 3 before 510；And the zigzag protuberance 220 formed in 510 side of main body.
Compared with staving press 200, staving press 600 except main body 510 shape difference in addition to,
Remaining all same.Therefore, the hammer bit 3 of staving press 600 and protuberance 220 respectively with expansion
The hammer bit 3 of hole machine 200 is identical with protuberance 220.
Zigzag protuberance 220 the inclination interval from main body 510 initiating terminal to terminate end every
Open predetermined distance and formed, and formed on the whole spiral-shaped.Zigzag protuberance 220
Structurally and functionally have been described above, the description thereof will be omitted herein.
7th embodiment
Figure 15 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the seventh embodiment of the present invention.Figure 15's
In reference, represent identical structure with the reference identical reference of Fig. 1 to Figure 14
Become key element.
Referring to the drawings, staving press 700 possesses：The main body 510 of truncated cone shape；It is arranged on main body
Multiple hammer bits 3 before 510；And the cutter head dummy protuberance formed in 510 side of main body
320.
Compared with staving press 300, staving press 700 except main body 510 shape difference in addition to,
Remaining all same.Therefore, the hammer bit 3 of staving press 700 and protuberance 320 respectively with expansion
The hammer bit 3 of hole machine 300 is identical with protuberance 320.
Cutter head dummy protuberance 320 the inclination interval from main body 510 initiating terminal to end
End separates predetermined distance and is formed, and is formed on the whole spiral-shaped.Cutter head dummy is projected
The effect in portion 320 has been described above, and the description thereof will be omitted herein.
8th embodiment
Figure 16 is the stereogram of the staving press for illustrating the eighth embodiment of the present invention.Figure 16's
In reference, represent identical structure with the reference identical reference of Fig. 1 to Figure 15
Become key element.
Referring to the drawings, staving press 800 possesses：The main body 510 of truncated cone shape；It is arranged on main body
Multiple hammer bits 3 before 510；And the pick cutter head type protuberance formed in 510 side of main body
420.
Compared with staving press 400, staving press 800 except main body 510 shape difference in addition to,
Remaining all same.Therefore, the hammer bit 3 of staving press 800 and protuberance 420 respectively with expansion
The hammer bit 3 of hole machine 400 is identical with protuberance 420.
Pick cutter head type protuberance 420 the inclination interval from main body 510 initiating terminal to end
End separates predetermined distance and is formed, and is formed on the whole spiral-shaped.Pick cutter head type is dashed forward
Go out portion 420 and can possess pick cutter head 424 towards front and towards rearward pick cutter head 422
In any one, or the pick cutter head 424,422 can be provided simultaneously with.Pick cutter head
Structurally and functionally the having been described above of type protuberance 420, the description thereof will be omitted herein.
On the other hand, protuberance 120,220,320,420 is formed in the angled section of main body 510
Between.Also, connect the line of 120,220,320,420 upper end of protuberance to incline towards rear,
The angle of inclination is preferably approximately 1 degree to 30 degree so that dug with curve track.This
The cutting (reaming) that structure not only contributes to curve track is planted, is also advantageous for preventing by from tunnel upper
Which is moved to tunnel outer while the rock block for dropping is blocked.
Specifically, as shown in figure 17, the diameter (bag of staving press 500,600,700,800
Diameter containing protuberance) less more towards its rear end, thus, when being dug with curve track,
The front end (front end of main body or the initiating terminal of protuberance) of staving press 500,600,700,800 and
Rear end (the end end of the rear end of main body or protuberance) contact with the lateral wall W1 of expanded bore B (P1,
P2), the madial wall B2 of the side (or being formed in the protuberance of side) of main body 510 and expanded bore B
Contact (P3), thus, can achieve the cutting (reaming) of curve track.On the other hand, for ease of reason
Solution, omits hammer bit and drive rod in fig. 17, and staving press simplification is illustrated in echelon.
Figure 18 illustrates the tunnel that digs by said process.For example, if the inclining of 510 side of main body
The angle of inclination of the line of rake angle or connection 120,220,320,420 upper end of protuberance is 2 degree,
Track of the radius of curvature R for 8.9m can then be cut.Therefore, the angle of inclination is 2
When spending, most rock ream operation can be carried out.So, inclined by making main body 510
Oblique become, the lower section of the gradient big Tunnel Engineering such as subterranean stream can be carried out or around turning up the soil
Cutting of lower structure etc..
9th embodiment
Figure 19 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating the ninth embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 20 is to show
Go out the front view of the staving press.In the reference of Figure 19 and Figure 20, with Fig. 1 to figure
18 reference identical reference represents identical inscape.
The staving press 900 possesses：The main body 510 of truncated cone shape；It is arranged on main body 510
Multiple hammer bits 3,4 above；And drive rod 5.
Multiple hammer bits 3,4, as shown in figure 20, hammer bit are provided with before main body 510
4 are more arranged to prominent in the way of to side than the side of main body 510 by one part.Also, it is main
The circular cone structure that body 510 more more diminishes towards rear end from its front end with its diameter.
The angle, θ formed by the line of the outermost part of hammer bit 4 and the connection of 510 rear end of main body
Preferably 1 degree to 30 degree, most preferably 1 degree to 5 degree.
Staving press 900 with this structure when (reaming) is dug with curve track, hammer drill
4 outermost part and the rear end of main body 510 are contacted with the lateral wall W1 of expanded bore B,
The side of main body 510 is contacted with the madial wall W2 of expanded bore B.
Tenth embodiment
Figure 21 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating the tenth embodiment of the present invention.Figure 21's
In reference, represent identical structure with the reference identical reference of Fig. 1 to Figure 20
Become key element.
The staving press 1000 possesses：The main body 510 of truncated cone shape；It is arranged on main body 510
Multiple hammer bits 3 above；And drive rod 5.
Staving press 1000 except hammer bit side not to main body 510 is to prominent in addition to, staving press
1000 is identical with above-mentioned staving press 900.
When being dug with curve track, the front end (or hammer bit) of main body 510 and rear end and expansion
Open the lateral wall W1 contact of hole B, the madial wall W2 of the side of main body 510 and expanded bore B
Contact, thus, it is possible to realize the cutting (reaming) of curve track.On the other hand, the inclining of body side
Rake angle θ is identical with the tilt angle theta of staving press 900.
11st embodiment
Figure 22 is the side view of the staving press for illustrating the 11st embodiment of the present invention.Also,
In the reference of Figure 22, represent with the reference identical reference of Fig. 1 to Figure 21
Identical inscape.
Staving press 1100 possesses：Cylindrical-shaped main body 110：It is arranged on multiple before main body 110
Hammer bit 3,4.Cylindrical-shaped main body 110 is identical with main body as above 110.Hammer bit 3,
4 to configure as shown in Figure 20.That is, hammer bit 3 and hammer bit 4 have not from main center
With radius of turn, the part of hammer bit 4 is than main body 110 more to side to prominent.Therefore,
The line of the outermost part of hammer bit 4 and the connection of 110 rear end of main body is to incline, thus, it is possible to
Realize the cutting of curve track.Specifically, when being dug with curve track, hammer bit 4
Outermost part and the rear end of main body 110 contact with the lateral wall W1 of expanded bore B, main body
110 side is contacted with the madial wall W2 of expanded bore B, thereby, it is possible to realize curve track
Cutting (reaming).On the other hand, the inclination of the tilt angle theta of body side and staving press 900
Angle, θ is identical.
For example, length L in staving press 1100 is the diameter D of 1118.5mm and main body 110
In the case of being 610mm, if hammer bit 4 is more to side to prominent 20 compared with main body 110
Mm, then the angle, θ be formed as 1.02 degree, thereby, it is possible to realize tunnel the angle of gradient extremely
The cutting (reaming) of 1.02 degree of curved tunnel.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of staving press, it is characterised in which includes：
Main body (110,510), which has drum or truncated cone shape；
Hammer bit, its are arranged on before the main body (110,510) with being reciprocally moveable；
Protuberance (120,220,320,420), its are formed in continuously and at predetermined intervals described
Main body (110,510) side；And
Drive rod (5), drive rod (5) are connected to the main body (110,510) and pull described
Its rotation is made while main body (110,510), wherein：
Protuberance (120,220,320,420) helically shape,
In the state of the main body (110,510) is rotated and is pulled by drive rod (5),
Beat ground while hammer bit is moved back and forth, so as to reaming and advance is realized, terminating
Described advance after, when the staving press is retreated, the rock block R dropped from tunnel upper or rock
Powder is along helix and the main body (110,510) of the protuberance (120,220,320,420)
Rise and rotate and mobile, so as to tunnel outer is discharged to together with the staving press.
2. staving press according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The protuberance is twist tabs (120),
Described twist tabs (120) form described spiral-shaped and continuously extend, in cylinder
In the case of shape main body (110), twist tabs (120) are from the front end of main body (110) to rear
End continuously extends, in the case of truncated cone main body (510), twist tabs (120)
Continuously extend from the initiating terminal of the inclination interval of main body (510) to end is terminated.
3. staving press according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The protuberance is zigzag protuberance (220),
The sawtooth end of zigzag protuberance (220) has sharp parts (222),
Zigzag protuberance (220) is formed in the way of being spaced apart interval, and is in institute on the whole
State spiral-shaped,
In the case of the cylindrical-shaped main body (110), zigzag protuberance (220) are from described
The front end of main body (110) separates predetermined distance to rear end and is formed, in the truncated cone main body
(510), in the case of, zigzag protuberance (220) are from the inclination interval of the main body (510)
Initiating terminal is formed to terminating end to separate predetermined distance,
During the staving press advances, rock dust is rearward moved by the interval for separating
Dynamic, during the staving press is retreated, the sharp parts (222) of the sawtooth end crush rock
Stone.
4. staving press according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The protuberance is cutter head dummy protuberance (320),
Before cutter head dummy protuberance (320), it is respectively formed with blade shape below
Front cutter head (322), rear cutter head (324),
Cutter head dummy protuberance (320) are formed in the way of being spaced apart interval, and whole
In described spiral-shaped on body,
In the case of the cylindrical-shaped main body (110), cutter head dummy protuberance (320) from
The front end of main body (110) separates predetermined distance to rear end and is formed, in the truncated cone master
In the case of body (510), cutter head dummy protuberance (320) are from the inclination of the main body (510)
Interval initiating terminal is formed to terminating end to separate at predetermined intervals,
During the staving press advances, rock dust is rearward moved by the interval for separating
Dynamic, and front cutter head (322) sleekly forms tunnel hole wall,
During the staving press is retreated, rear cutter head (324) crushes rock slag.
5. staving press according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The protuberance is pick cutter head type protuberance (420),
The pick cutter head type protuberance (420) is formed in the way of being spaced apart interval, and whole
In described spiral-shaped on body,
The pick cutter head type protuberance (420) is provided with the pick cutter head (424) towards front
With towards in rearward pick cutter head (422) at least any one,
In the case of the cylindrical-shaped main body (110), the pick cutter head type protuberance (424) from
The front end of main body 110 separates predetermined distance to rear end and is formed, in truncated cone main body (510)
In the case of, the pick cutter head type protuberance (424) is from the inclination interval of the main body (510)
Initiating terminal is formed to terminating end to separate predetermined distance,
During the staving press advances, sleekly formed towards the pick cutter head (424) in front
Tunnel hole wall,
During the staving press is retreated, rock slag is crushed towards rearward pick cutter head (422).
6. staving press according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The line for connecting the protuberance (120,220,320,420) upper end is inclined with tilt angle theta,
Diameter including the main body (510) of the protuberance (120,220,320,420) gets over direction
Body rear more diminishes.
7. a kind of expanding method, it is characterised in which includes：
A () makes the staving press of any one in claim 1 to 6 advance, punching so as to split
The step of carrying out reaming；And
(b) after described (a) step is carried out, the step of retreat the staving press,
In (a) step,
In the state of main body (110,510) is rotated and is pulled by drive rod (5), hammer bit
Beat ground while being moved back and forth, so as to realize reaming and advance,
In (b) step,
The rock block R that drops from tunnel upper or rock dust along protuberance (120,220,320,
420) helix is rotated together with main body (110,510), and when staving press is retreated and one
Rise and tunnel outer be discharged to,
The direction of retreat of the staving press is identical with the moving direction of rock block R or rock dust.
8. a kind of staving press, its are the staving press that can achieve to be dug with curve track, and which is special
Levy and be, which includes：
Main body (110,510), which is formed with drum or truncated cone shape；And
Hammer bit, which is to utilize the compressed air from outside supply past with respect to front to carry out
Multiple mobile mode is arranged on the main body (110,510),
Multiple hammer bits are arranged on before the main body (110,510),
At least a portion in the hammer bit compared with the main body (110,510) more to side to
Prominent, or the side of the main body (510) is with the diameter change of the front end to rear end from main body (510)
The mode for diminishing is formed obliquely,
Main body (110,510) is connected to drive rod (5) rotary speed (R.P.M.) rotation to specify,
In the state of the main body (110,510) rotation, the hammer bit beats the ground positioned at front.
9. staving press according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
Protuberance (120,220,320,420) is formed in continuously and at predetermined intervals the main body
(510) side, protuberance (120,220,320,420) helically shape on the whole,
Protuberance (120,220,320,420) be with the spiral-shaped helical form being formed continuously
Protuberance (120), or there is the zigzag protuberance (220) of sharp parts (222) at its two ends,
Or the cutter head of cutter head (322,324) before which, below with blade shape
Type protuberance (320) or be with the pick cutter head (424) towards front and towards rearward section
At least pick cutter head type protuberance (420) of any one in serrated knife head (422),
Zigzag protuberance (220), cutter head dummy protuberance (320) and pick cutter head type are projected
Portion (420) is spaced one from predetermined distance and is formed,
Set in the way of the line for connecting protuberance (120,220,320,420) upper end is inclined
The height of protuberance (120,220,320,420).
10. staving press according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：
The side of main body (510) is with 1 degree to 30 degree of angle Cl, or connection is described
The line of the rear end of the outermost part of hammer bit and main body (110,510) is with 1 degree to 30 degree of angle
Degree θ is inclined, and wherein, the hammer bit is more to side to prominent compared with the main body (110,510)
Go out.
A kind of 11. expanding methods, it is characterised in that its be using in claim 8 to 10
The staving press of any one come the method that carries out reaming with curve track,
Contact with the lateral wall W1 of expanded bore B in the front-end and back-end of staving press, and main body
In the state of the side of (110,510) is contacted with the madial wall W2 of expanded bore B, the main body (110,
510) rotate, hammer bit beats front, so as to realize reaming.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020150120278A KR101677278B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2015-08-26 | Reamer capable of excavating curved hole and, reaming methods using the same |
| KR10-2015-0120278 | 2015-08-26 | ||
| KR1020150120311A KR101710582B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2015-08-26 | Reamer capable of discharging rock and rock particle collapsed from tunnel roof and, reaming methods using the same |
| KR10-2015-0120311 | 2015-08-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106481345A true CN106481345A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN106481345B CN106481345B (en) | 2019-04-19 |
Family
ID=58238620
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510849586.3A Active CN106481345B (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-27 | Staving press and the expanding method for utilizing it |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106481345B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111270998A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 武穴市金锐精密锻造有限公司 | Durable down-the-hole drill bit |
| CN113605912A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-05 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Tunneling method for tunnel construction |
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| KR20150051949A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-05-13 | 한국생산기술연구원 | DTH drilling machine discharging rock particles effectively and, drilling methods using the same |
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| US4350204A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1982-09-21 | Horton Gary B | Reamer |
| CN201034015Y (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-03-12 | 上海管易地下管线工程技术有限公司 | Rock reamer with helical centralizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111270998A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 武穴市金锐精密锻造有限公司 | Durable down-the-hole drill bit |
| CN113605912A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-05 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Tunneling method for tunnel construction |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106481345B (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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