CN106475748B - A kind of curved round forming technology of square tube and tooling - Google Patents
A kind of curved round forming technology of square tube and tooling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106475748B CN106475748B CN201611195932.1A CN201611195932A CN106475748B CN 106475748 B CN106475748 B CN 106475748B CN 201611195932 A CN201611195932 A CN 201611195932A CN 106475748 B CN106475748 B CN 106475748B
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- square tube
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- round
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to mechanical manufacturing field, the curved round forming technology of specifically a kind of square tube and tooling.Including：(1) Fixture Design makes：It requires to design and produce special tooling according to the curved round size of square tube, the tooling is by the substrate (1) as reference datum plane and if the fixed girth circle baffle (2) of the same face and several thrustors (3) form on it；The outer line for enclosing round baffle (2) is overlapped with the inner circle of workpiece, and thrustor (3) is arranged along the outer circle of workpiece to provide the external force that square tube bending is required；(2) workpiece pre-bending；(3) workpiece is fixed；(4) workpiece heat straightening；(5) surplus is cut off：Square tube surplus is cut off, circle body shapes after welding point, and polishing welding seams are smooth；The indexs such as circularity, flatness and presentation quality of circle body after the curved circle of square tube shapes can be effectively improved by implementing the present invention, eliminated forming residual stress, improved product structure intensity, the curved round forming technique of the more existing square tube of the present invention is at low cost, and precision is high, is suitble to popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machinery manufacturing technology field, the curved round forming technology of specifically a kind of square tube and tooling.
Background technology
The curved circle of square tube is widely used in machine industry.Wind power generating set matched structural kuppe fixes steelframe,
Its primary structure is the curved circle of 40mm × 40mm square tubes, and diameter reaches 3m after circle body forming, it is desirable that deviation from circular from≤± 1mm, plane
Spend error≤1mm.
In the prior art usually with bending machine by the curved circle of square tube, after weld, circle body forming.The disadvantage is that the curved circle of square tube
Rear surface inevitably scratches, and necessarily wrinkles on the inside of circular arc, influences the mechanical performance and presentation quality of product；Due to the curved circle of this square tube
Elastic recoil it is inevitable, then after applying external force weld, circle body circularity and flatness are unable to reach required precision.
Therefore, in big machinery equipment manufacturing field, there is an urgent need to a kind of low cost that can overcome disadvantages mentioned above, high-precisions
The curved round forming technology of square tube.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect of the existing technology, and reach following technology requirement：
(1) circle body after square tube bending forming will have accurate circularity and flatness；
(2) bulk article has a consistency, and when assembly can realize 100% exchange；
(3) product appearance quality is good, and surface is without corrugation on the inside of scuffing and circular arc.
Inventor constantly explores by studying and putting into practice repeatedly, solves above-mentioned technical barrier finally.
Technical solution provided by the invention is：
A kind of inexpensive, high-precision curved round forming technology of square tube, implements as follows：
(1) Fixture Design makes：As shown in Fig. 1, it requires to design and produce special tooling according to the size of the curved circle of square tube, institute
State tooling by substrate (1), enclose round baffle (2), thrustor (3) forms；Substrate (1) is as flat with reference to datum plane calibration workpiece
Face degree, substrate are the hot rolled plate of 40-50mm of thickness, and be fixedly connected with into circumference branch thereon encloses round baffle (2)；The circle
The circle that the extension line in week is formed is overlapped with the inner circle of manufacture workpiece；Thrustor (3) is provided with to carry along excircle of workpiece direction
Required external force when being bent for square tube；Meanwhile improving the stress distribution on square tube section, make neutral line（Note：It is round outer
Layer is drawn high deformation, and be pressurized compression deformation in the inner part, and neutral line refers to indeformable level, is the essential term in the field）Outer shifting, from
And achieve the purpose that reduce tube wall thickness on the outside of square tube；
(2) workpiece pre-bending：Square tube is subjected to pre-bending using bending machine, obtains the circular arc bigger by 10-20% than specified diameter；
Meanwhile improving the stress distribution on square tube section, make to move outside neutral line, square tube outboard tube is reduced to reach
The purpose of wall Reducing thickness；
Thrustor (3) is wedge structure, constitutes circle distribution according to circle body knot is processed, easy to operate, structure is reliable；
Workpiece and circle body contact area are larger, reduce local crimp；
(3) workpiece is fixed：The square tube circular arc of pre-bending is fixed on special tooling；When the curved circular diameter requirement of workpiece is smaller
When, grains of sand compacting is added in the good square tube of pre-bending, occurs inside corrugation, curved the defects of splitting when preventing from being bent again；
(4) workpiece heat straightening：Using the substrate (1) of the special tooling as the benchmark of correction circle body flatness, round gear is enclosed
Mould of the plate (2) as correction circle body marks strong according to the deformation of circularity requirement, planarity requirements and circle body plane wave
Positive range coordinates thrustor external force, using flame by square tube circular arc heating expansion, deformation, circle body is made gradually to shape, rapid cold
But room temperature is arrived, workpiece obtains workpiece bows deflection after shrinking；It is reversely corrected with method again when workpiece deflection is excessive, until reaching
It is required to circularity and planarity requirements is dropped back out tooling；
(5) surplus is cut off：Square tube surplus is cut off, and circle body shapes after weld, and weld grinding is smooth；
(6) Shot Blasting：Residual stress in workpiece is eliminated, surface strength is increased；
Wherein step (2) can be carried out prior to step (1), synchronous can also be carried out；
By repeating the above steps, (1)-step (5) carries out micro adjustment, can reach satisfactory precision and strong
Degree, bulk article consistency is good, and when assembly can realize 100% exchange；Product appearance quality is good, and surface is without scuffing and circular arc inside
Corrugation.
The also included optimization or/and improvement of the present invention has：
One of preferred embodiment, the heating and temperature control in the step (4) in workpiece heat straightening is at 500-600 DEG C；
The two of preferred embodiment, the mode of heating in the step (4) in workpiece heat straightening are oxy arc heating；
The three of preferred embodiment, when the deflection in the step (4) is larger, using water-spraying control mode；
The advantageous effect that technical solution of the present invention is brought：
The technologies such as circularity, flatness and presentation quality of circle body are wanted after the curved circle forming of effective solution of the present invention square tube
It asks, and eliminates internal residual stress in process, improve the structural strength of product；
It being proved through production practices, fully meets customer requirement, the curved round product supply of material of only 2015 large-scale square tube more than 200 covers,
Realize 240,000 yuan of income from sales.
The technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the curved round fixture for forming structural schematic diagram of square tube of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, round baffle, 3-thrustors are enclosed in 1-substrate, 2-.
Specific implementation mode
To make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention is made with reference to embodiment
Further it is described in detail.
In embodiment, for ease of description, the description of each component relative position relation is the cloth according to Figure of description 1
Figure mode is described, such as：The position relationship of upper and lower, left and right etc. is that the Butut direction of foundation Figure of description 1 is come really
Fixed.
Embodiment 1：
Steelframe before making 2.0MW wind power generating set matched structural kuppes.
Steelframe primary structure is the curved circle of 40mm × 40mm square tubes before 2.0MW wind power generating set matched structural kuppes,
Diameter reaches 3m after circle body forming, it is desirable that deviation from circular from≤± 1mm, flatness error≤1mm.
Implement as follows：
(1) Fixture Design makes：As shown in Fig. 1, it requires to design and produce special tooling according to the size of the curved circle of square tube, institute
State tooling by substrate (1), enclose round baffle (2), thrustor (3) forms；Substrate (1) is as flat with reference to datum plane calibration workpiece
Face degree, substrate are the hot rolled plate of 40-50mm of thickness, and be fixedly connected with into circumference branch thereon encloses round baffle (2), encloses round gear
Depending on plate (2) spacing is with reference to diameter of work and operating space；The circle that the extension line of the circumference is formed is interior with manufacture workpiece
Circle overlaps；Required external force when excircle of workpiece direction being provided with thrustor (3) to provide square tube bending；Meanwhile improvement side
Stress distribution on pipe section makes to move outside neutral line, to achieve the purpose that reduce tube wall thickness on the outside of square tube；
Diameter of work is big, and the spacing for enclosing round baffle can be relatively larger, and theory says that spacing is the smaller the better, after surrounding circle
Closer to proper circle；Consider that easy to operate problem, thrustor (3) are wedge structure, circumference is constituted according to circle body knot is processed
Distribution, easy to operate, structure is reliable；Workpiece and circle body contact area are larger, reduce local crimp；
(2) workpiece pre-bending：Square tube is subjected to pre-bending using bending machine, obtains the circular arc bigger by 10-20% than specified diameter；In advance
Arc diameter is larger when curved, and square tube bending resistance will be relatively smaller, to reduce corrugation on the inside of surface tear and circular arc
The defects of；
(3) workpiece is fixed：The square tube circular arc of pre-bending is fixed on special tooling；When the curved circular diameter requirement of workpiece is smaller
When, grains of sand compacting is added in the good square tube of pre-bending, occurs inside corrugation, curved the defects of splitting when preventing from being bent again；
(4) workpiece heat straightening：Using the substrate (1) of the special tooling as the benchmark of correction circle body flatness, round gear is enclosed
Mould of the plate (2) as correction circle body marks strong according to the deformation of circularity requirement, planarity requirements and circle body plane wave
Positive range coordinates thrustor external force, using flame by square tube circular arc heating expansion, deformation, circle body is made gradually to shape, rapid cold
But room temperature is arrived, workpiece obtains workpiece bows deflection after shrinking；It is reversely corrected with method again when workpiece deflection is excessive, until reaching
It is required to circularity and planarity requirements is dropped back out tooling；
(5) surplus is cut off：Square tube surplus is cut off, and circle body shapes after weld, and weld grinding is smooth；
(6) Shot Blasting：Residual stress in workpiece is eliminated, surface strength is increased；
Wherein step (2) can be carried out prior to step (1), synchronous can also be carried out；
(the 1)-step that repeats the above steps (5) carries out micro adjustment, can reach satisfactory precision and intensity, batch
Good product consistency is measured, when assembly can realize 100% exchange；Product appearance quality is good, and surface is without corrugation on the inside of scuffing and circular arc.
Embodiment 2：
Steelframe after making 2.0MW wind power generating set matched structural kuppes.
Steelframe is by the circle body formed for 3 arc sections, main material after 2.0MW wind power generating set matched structural kuppes
Material is 40mm × 40mm square tubes, and spliced circle body diameter reaches 4m, it is desirable that whole deviation from circular from≤± 1mm, flatness error
≤1mm。
It is operated according to the step of embodiment 1, the difference is that：
The substrate (1) is welding with being fixedly connected between round baffle (2) is enclosed；
Being fixedly connected between the substrate (1) and thrustor (3) is to be bolted；
The thrustor (3) is wedge structure, is conveniently operated；
The substrate is the hot rolled plate of 40-50mm of thickness；
Heating and temperature control in the step (4) in workpiece heat straightening is at 500-600 DEG C；
Mode of heating in the step (4) in workpiece heat straightening heats for oxy arc；
When deflection in the step (4) is larger, using water-spraying control mode；
(the 1)-step that repeats the above steps (5) carries out micro adjustment, can reach satisfactory precision and intensity, batch
Good product consistency is measured, when assembly can realize 100% exchange；Product appearance quality is good, and surface is without corrugation on the inside of scuffing and circular arc.
It is understood that the principle that above example is intended to be merely illustrative of the present and the exemplary embodiment party that uses
Formula, however the present invention is not limited thereto, can determine specific embodiment party with actual conditions according to the technique and scheme of the present invention
Formula.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, it can make
All variations and modifications, these increased variations and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of curved round forming technology of square tube, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) Fixture Design makes：Size according to the curved circle of square tube requires to design and produce special tooling, tooling by substrate (1) and
If girth circle baffle (2) and several thrustors (3) composition that the same face is fixedly connected thereon；Substrate (1) is as with reference to benchmark
Plane encloses round baffle (2) into circumference branch, and the circle that the extension line of the circumference is formed is overlapped with the inner circle of manufacture workpiece, is enclosed
Depending on circle baffle (2) spacing is with reference to diameter of work and operating space；Thrustor (3) is arranged along excircle of workpiece direction with provider
Pipe external force required when being bent；
(2) workpiece pre-bending：Square tube is subjected to pre-bending using bending machine, obtains the circular arc bigger by 10-20% than specified diameter；
(3) workpiece is fixed：The square tube circular arc of pre-bending is fixed on special tooling；When the curved circular diameter of workpiece requires smaller,
Grains of sand compacting is added in the good square tube of pre-bending, occurs defect when preventing from being bent again；
(4) workpiece heat straightening：Using the substrate (1) of special tooling as the benchmark of correction circle body flatness, round baffle (2) conduct is enclosed
The mould for correcting circle body marks levelling thickness range according to the deformation of circularity requirement, planarity requirements and circle body plane wave, matches
Thrustor external force is closed, using flame by square tube circular arc heating expansion, deformation, so that circle body is gradually shaped, is quickly cooled to room temperature,
Workpiece obtains workpiece bows deflection after shrinking, and reaches requirement and drops back out tooling；
(5) surplus is cut off：Square tube surplus is cut off, and circle body shapes after weld, and weld grinding is smooth；
(6) Shot Blasting：Residual stress in workpiece is eliminated, surface strength is increased；
Wherein step (2) can be carried out prior to step (1), synchronous can also be carried out；
The step (1)-step (5) can repeat as needed.
2. the curved round forming technology of a kind of square tube according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4) workpiece heat straightening
Heating and temperature control at 500-600 DEG C.
3. the curved round forming technology of a kind of square tube according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) the workpiece heat is rectified
The mode of heating of center heats for oxy arc.
4. the curved round forming technology of a kind of square tube according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the deformation in the step (4)
When measuring larger, using water-spraying control mode.
5. the curved round fixture for forming of a kind of square tube for the curved round forming technology of square tube described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Tooling by substrate (1) and on it the same face be fixedly connected enclose round baffle (2) and thrustor (3) forms；Substrate (1) conduct
Reference data plane encloses round baffle (2) into circumference branch, and thrustor (3) is arranged curved to provide square tube along excircle of workpiece direction
Required external force when bent.
6. the curved round fixture for forming of a kind of square tube according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the substrate (1) and enclose round gear
Being fixedly connected between plate (2) is welding or is bolted.
7. the curved round fixture for forming of a kind of square tube according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the substrate (1) fills with pushing tow
Setting being fixedly connected between (3) is welding or is bolted.
8. the curved round fixture for forming of a kind of square tube according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the substrate (1) is thickness
The hot rolled plate of 40-50mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611195932.1A CN106475748B (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | A kind of curved round forming technology of square tube and tooling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611195932.1A CN106475748B (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | A kind of curved round forming technology of square tube and tooling |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106475748A CN106475748A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN106475748B true CN106475748B (en) | 2018-10-02 |
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| CN201611195932.1A Expired - Fee Related CN106475748B (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | A kind of curved round forming technology of square tube and tooling |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107497882A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-22 | 浙江春风动力股份有限公司 | A kind of square tube bending method and a kind of preformed curvature square tube |
| CN112329164B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-06-14 | 厦门理工学院 | Modeling method, device, equipment and storage medium for square tube beam rebound curvature |
| CN112329165B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-06-14 | 厦门理工学院 | Modeling method, device and equipment for bending and rebounding square tube of wheel cover framework |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2131625Y (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-05-05 | 水利电力部第十二工程局施工科学研究所 | Arc bending apparatus for thin tubes |
| RU2378072C1 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-01-10 | Михаил Петрович Казенкин | Bending method of shaped square pipes |
| CN202539283U (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-11-21 | 安徽鸿翔建材有限公司 | Auxiliary tooling for controlling diameter of pipe mouth |
| CN102837159B (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2015-04-08 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method using 0 chromium (Cr) 17 nickel (Ni) 4 copper (Cu) 4 niobium (Nb) thin wall square pipes to machine and manufacture linkage ring guide pipe parts |
| CN202741524U (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-02-20 | 江苏淮海车辆制造有限公司 | Multi-radian bent pipe forming device |
| CN203972549U (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-12-03 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | A kind of steel pipe bent pipe tooling |
| CN204262108U (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-04-15 | 上海奥林汽车安全***有限公司 | A kind of device for bending square tube |
| CN205732402U (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-11-30 | 厦门美驰汽配工业有限公司 | A kind of Bus Frame angle pipe equipment |
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