CN106474936A - The preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film - Google Patents
The preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film Download PDFInfo
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- CN106474936A CN106474936A CN201611075359.0A CN201611075359A CN106474936A CN 106474936 A CN106474936 A CN 106474936A CN 201611075359 A CN201611075359 A CN 201611075359A CN 106474936 A CN106474936 A CN 106474936A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/021—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/38—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylesters; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylaldehydes; Polyalkenylketones; Polyalkenylacetals; Polyalkenylketals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film, the method mainly includes:Using the interaction between macromolecular material and CNT, with water as solvent, ultrasonic reaction, centrifugation, obtain macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution;By the macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution deionized water dilution of preparation, vacuum filter to aperture is in the micro-filtration membrane of 0.22 micron of cellulose mixture;After drying, removing basement membrane obtains thickness for 1~3 μm, and permeation flux is 3100 4600Lm‑2h‑1bar‑1Macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film.Preparation process is simple to operation, prepared ultrafilter membrane substantially reduces compared to traditional inversion of phases ultrafilter membrane film thickness, decrease the use of raw material, the ultrafilter membrane film-strength tool simultaneously replicating self assembly preparation compared to other vacuum has significant improvement, and the ultrafilter membrane changing method preparation can be used for oily waste water separation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film.Belong to membrane separation technique
Field.
Background technology
Film is widely present in nature.In vivo, film is permanent, all life activity basis.In life
In production practices, people are also automatic already to contact and applies membrane process, China's Han dynasty《Huainan》Bean processed
Rotten narrates, and this can be described as the earliest record that human use's natural material is obtained edible " artificial thin film ".Although in nature
Especially extensive and permanent in vivo exist, but the mankind are for the understanding until now also only more than 200 of film
The history in year.Nineteen sixty, film and membrane technology start to cause the extensive attention of science, technology and industrial quarters, and have started rapidly one
The climax of individual research, the various seperation films of exploitation and membrane process, modern membrane science technology is born.In subsequent nearly half a century
In, membrane technology is either still all developed rapidly in practical application area in theoretical side.
Film be biphase between selective barrier.Film is defined as " one by IUPAC (IUPAC)
Kind of three dimensional structure, once (as the thickness direction) size in three-dimensional is twice little more than other, and can be by multiple motive forces
Carry out mass transfer ", this definition highlights relative size and the function (mass transfer) of dimension.Film has two obvious features:
One, film serves as two-phase interface, contacts with the fluid of both sides respectively;Two, film has selective penetrated property, and this is film and membrane process
Inherent character.Membrane separation technique be exactly using this tunic to compositional selecting diactinic difference, to realize to component solute and
The method that solvent carries out separating, be classified, purify and being enriched with.As new, efficient, green isolation technics, membrance separation is wide
General be applied to petrochemical industry, air separation, biological medicine, food processing, environmental protection, the energy, metallurgy, desalinization, medical treatment etc. neck
Domain, be particularly suitable for modern industry to the aspects such as energy-saving and emission-reduction, resources effective utilization in the urgent need to.
After membrane separation technique gradually starts heavy industrialization application from the sixties in last century, start very rapid,
Kind becomes increasingly abundant, and application constantly develops, wherein the membrane separation technique such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosiss it is considered to be
One of 21 century the most promising new and high technology.Compared with traditional separation method, membrane separation technique has the characteristics that:
High efficiency, low energy consumption, no phase transformation;Operating temperature, near room temperature, is particularly suitable for the process of heat-sensitive materials;Technique letter
Just, it is easy to and other PROCESS COUPLING, device is easily controlled and keeps in repair;Can directly amplify.However, current China's film industry and film
The overall research of the technology gap also very big compared with advanced foreign technology with application level, is mainly reflected in the property of film product
Can strengthen in the exploitation with integrated technology with application, the seriation of film product and membrane process.Therefore, strengthen film section of China
Learn the research with technology, the membrane material of exploitation novel high-performance, and existing membrane material is modified, had with acquisition more excellent
The seperation film of performance, has real and long-range significance.
Ultrafilter membrane, is that a kind of aperture specification is consistent, nominal pore scope is the micropore filtering film of 0.001-0.02 micron.?
The side of film imposes suitable pressure, just can sift out the solute molecule less than aperture, (former more than 500 dalton to separate molecular weight
Protonatomic mass unit), particle diameter be more than 10 nanometers of granule.Ultrafilter membrane is one of polymeric membrane for separation of earliest exploitation, in the sixties
Ultrafiltration apparatus are achieved that industrialization.The structure of ultrafilter membrane has symmetrical and asymmetric dividing.The former is isotropic, does not have skin
Layer, the hole on all directions is just as, and belongs to in-depth filtration;The latter has finer and close top layer and with finger is
Main bottom, skin depth is 0.1 micron or less, and has the micropore of aligned orderly, and underlayer thickness is 200~250 microns,
Belong to both surface filtration.The ultrafilter membrane of industrial application is generally anisotropic membrane.The membrane material of ultrafilter membrane mainly has cellulose and its spreads out
Biology, Merlon, polrvinyl chloride, Kynoar, polysulfones, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polysulfonamides, SPSF, interlinkage
Polyvinyl alcohol, modified acrylic polymer etc..
It is the most several years a kind of emerging methods preparing ultrafilter membrane that vacuum aided self-assembling method prepares ultrafilter membrane, with respect to
Traditional non-solvent induces the method that inversion of phases prepares ultrafilter membrane, and vacuum aided self-assembling method has lot of advantages, such as makes
Standby ultrafilter membrane ultrathin, effective Li Tao flux, simultaneously because the ultrafiltration membrane thickness of preparation reduces, the therefore filmogen of consuming
Reduce.But vacuum aided self-assembling method also has certain disadvantages, such as, because thickness reduces, film strength also drops therewith
Low, reduce the service life of film.Effectively improve the interaction between film composition material to be conducive to improving film-strength, reduce energy
Consumption.
Content of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film.Preparation
Ultrafilter membrane is widely used in oil-water emulsion and separates, and its preparation method convenient method is simple.
The preparation method of a kind of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film that the present invention provides, walks including following
Suddenly:
Step one, the preparation of macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution:Using the phase between macromolecular material and CNT
Interaction, prepares macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution, standby;
Step 2, the preparation of freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film:The macromolecule modified CNT that step one is obtained
Solution deionized water dilution after vacuum filter in the micro-filtration membrane of cellulose mixture, thus obtain thickness be 1~3 μm, ooze
Flux is 3100-4600Lm thoroughly-2h-1bar-1Macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film.
Further, the comprising the concrete steps that of described step one:According to mass volume ratio for 1.5g/100mL by macromolecule material
Material is dissolved in water, after dissolving fully, obtains water-soluble polymers;Carboxylated carbon nanometer is added in this water-soluble polymers
Pipe, wherein, carboxylated CNT is 1 with the mass ratio of macromolecular material:15, ultrasonic reaction 0.5h, by the high score obtaining
The carbon nano-tube solution standing 12h that son is modified, centrifugation, take upper solution, obtain macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution.
The comprising the concrete steps that of described step 2:The macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution deionization that step one is obtained
Water is diluted to 1mg/L, and vacuum filter to aperture is in the micro-filtration membrane of 0.22 micron of cellulose mixture;Above-mentioned deposition there is high score
After the micro-filtration membrane of the CNT that son is modified is dried 12h at 50 DEG C, micro- with N,N-dimethylacetamide dissolving cellulose mixture
Filter membrane, obtains macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film;
In step 2, during by the solution vacuum filter after diluting, taken solution is received with gained macromolecule modified self-supporting carbon
The bulk area of mitron assembling film is than for 12~36:1mL/cm2.
In preparation method of the present invention, described macromolecular material is in polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid
Kind.
The preparation process of ultrafilter membrane of the present invention is simple to operation, the surpassing compared to traditional inversion of phases of prepared ultrafilter membrane
Filter membrane film thickness substantially reduces, and the thickness of traditional phase inversion membrane is 100~300 μm, and the ultrafiltration membrane thickness prepared in the present invention
For 1~3 μm, decrease the use of film preparation raw material;Have compared to the permeation flux of the ultrafilter membrane of traditional inversion of phases preparation simultaneously
Significantly improve, traditional inversion of phases prepares the permeation flux of ultrafilter membrane in 100~400Lm-2h-1bar-1, and the present invention
The permeation flux of the ultrafilter membrane of middle preparation is 3100-4600Lm-2h-1bar-1.The ultrafilter membrane of the method preparation can be used for oil-containing
Waste water separates, and has higher antifouling property.
Brief description
The water contact angle of the amine-modified CNT assembling film of polyethyleneimine prepared by embodiment 1 for the Fig. 1.
The permeation flux figure of the amine-modified CNT assembling film of polyethyleneimine prepared by embodiment 1 for the Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the antipollution data of the amine-modified CNT assembling film of polyethyleneimine prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the water contact angle of the CNT assembling film that the polyvinyl alcohol prepared by embodiment 2 is modified.
Fig. 5 is the permeation flux figure of the CNT assembling film that the polyvinyl alcohol prepared by embodiment 2 is modified.
Fig. 6 is the antipollution data of the CNT assembling film that the polyvinyl alcohol prepared by embodiment 2 is modified.
Fig. 7 is the water contact angle of the CNT assembling film that the polyacrylic acid prepared by embodiment 3 is modified.
Fig. 8 is the permeation flux figure of the CNT assembling film that the polyacrylic acid prepared by embodiment 3 is modified.
Fig. 9 is the CNT assembling film antipollution data that the polyacrylic acid prepared by embodiment 3 is modified.
The picture of the CNT assembling film that Figure 10 is prepared for comparative example.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment and subordinate list, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail, described is concrete
Embodiment only explains to the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1, prepare polyethyleneimine-modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film, preparation process is as follows:
The preparation of the amine-modified carbon nano-tube solution of step one, polyethyleneimine:0.6g polyethyleneimine is dissolved in 40mL
In water, after fully dissolving, obtain polyethylenimine solution, the carboxylated carbon of 0.04g will be added in this polyethylenimine solution
Nanotube, ultrasonic reaction 0.5h, carbon nano-tube solution amine-modified for the polyethyleneimine obtaining stands 12h, centrifugation, takes
Upper solution, obtains the amine-modified carbon nano-tube solution of polyethyleneimine.
Step 2, the preparation of freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film:The amine-modified carbon of polyethyleneimine that step one is obtained is received
It is 1mg/L that mitron solution deionized water is diluted to carbon nanotube concentration, takes the solution after 120mL dilution, vacuum filter is to hole
Footpath is 0.22 micron, in the micro-filtration membrane of the cellulose mixture of a diameter of 9cm;The carbon that above-mentioned deposition is had polyethyleneimine amine-modified is received
The micro-filtration membrane of mitron is dried 12h at 50 DEG C, is dissolved cellulose mixture micro-filtration membrane with N,N-dimethylacetamide, obtains thickness
It is about the polyethyleneimine-modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film that 2 μ m diameter are about 8cm, be denoted as PEI@CNT.
Through electronic microscope photos, fenestra is evenly distributed the PEI@CNT ultrafilter membrane that embodiment 1 prepares, and filming performance is good,
And there is very high membrane porosity.Due to the introducing of hydrophilic polyethyleneimine, the polyacrylic acid modified self-supporting of preparation
The hydrophilic of CNT assembling film significantly improves, such as Fig. 1.The amine-modified CNT ultrafilter membrane of obtained polyethyleneimine
Permeation flux is as shown in Fig. 2 the film of preparation is used for separating three kinds of stable oil-water emulsions of the emulsifying agent with different electric charges, anti-soil
Metachromia energy as shown in figure 3, due in polyethyleneimine amine molecule be rich in substantial amounts of amino, therefore polyethyleneimine-modified self-supporting carbon
The surface of nanotube assembling film carries positive charge, and the antifouling property of therefore separately positively charged emulsion is better than to separate to carry and bears
The antifouling property of the emulsion of electric charge
Embodiment 2, preparation prepare polyvinyl alcohol modification freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film, preparation process and embodiment 1 base
This is identical, and macromolecular material therein is changed to polyvinyl alcohol by polyethyleneimine by different being only, and finally gives thickness and is about 2 μm
Polyvinyl alcohol modification freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film, be designated as:PVA@CNT.
Through electronic microscope photos, fenestra is evenly distributed the PVA@CNT ultrafilter membrane that embodiment 2 prepares, and filming performance is good,
And there is very high membrane porosity.Due to the introducing of hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol, the polyacrylic acid modified self-supporting carbon of preparation
The hydrophilic of nanotube assembling film significantly improves, such as Fig. 4.The infiltration of the CNT ultrafilter membrane that obtained polyvinyl alcohol is modified
Flux is as shown in figure 5, the film of preparation is used for separating three kinds of stable oil-water emulsions of the emulsifying agent with different electric charges, resistance tocrocking
Can as shown in fig. 6, due in polyvinyl alcohol molecule be rich in substantial amounts of hydroxyl, therefore polyvinyl alcohol modification freestanding carbon nanotube group
The basic neutral in surface of dress film, when therefore separating the emulsion carrying different surfaces electric charge, has preferable resistance tocrocking
Energy
Embodiment 3, prepare polyacrylic acid modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film, preparation process basic phase with embodiment 1
With macromolecular material therein is changed to polyacrylic acid by polyethyleneimine by different being only, and finally gives the poly- of about 2 μm of thickness
Acrylic acid modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film, is designated as:PAA@CNT.
Through electronic microscope photos, fenestra is evenly distributed the PAA@CNT ultrafilter membrane that embodiment 3 prepares, and filming performance is good,
And there is very high membrane porosity.Due to hydrophilic polyacrylic introducing, the polyacrylic acid modified self-supporting carbon of preparation
The hydrophilic of nanotube assembling film significantly improves, such as Fig. 7.The infiltration of the CNT ultrafilter membrane that obtained polyacrylic acid is modified
Flux is as shown in figure 8, the film of preparation is used for separating three kinds of stable oil-water emulsions of the emulsifying agent with different electric charges, resistance tocrocking
Can be as shown in figure 9, due to being rich in substantial amounts of carboxyl in polyacrylic acid molecule, therefore acrylic acid modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembles
The surface of film carries substantial amounts of negative charge, the antifouling property of therefore separately positively charged emulsion be weaker than separate negatively charged
Emulsion antifouling property.
Comparative example, prepare CNT assembling film, preparation process is as follows:
0.04g CNT is dissolved in 40mL, ultrasonic reaction half an hour, after the mixed solution standing 12h obtaining
Centrifugation obtains carbon nano-tube solution.Carbon nano-tube solution deionized water obtained above is diluted to 1mg/L, takes 120mL, very
Sky is filled in the cellulose mixture micro-filtration membrane that aperture is 0.22 micron.The deposition of above-mentioned preparation there is the micro-filtration membrane of carbon nanometer extension
12h is dried at 50 DEG C, with N,N-dimethylacetamide, cellulose mixture micro-filtration membrane is dissolved, obtain thickness and be about 0.05 μm
CNT assembling film.As Figure 10.
In comparative example preparation process due to assembling process in interaction between CNT weaker, therefore mixed in removing
When condensating fiber element micro-filtration membrane, the CNT ultrafilter membrane of self-supporting can not be obtained.
Obviously, of the present invention prepare macromolecule modified CNT ultrafilter membrane there is stronger mechanical strength, compare
Prepare assembling film in simple with CNT, macromolecule modified after can effectively improve interaction between CNT, with
When, due to the modification of hydrophilic macromolecule, the hydrophilic of film is significantly improved
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film and preparation method, system
Standby mild condition, preparation is simple, by using different macromolecular materials, carbon nano tube surface is modified, permissible
Effectively regulation and control ultrafilter membrane antifouling property.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, the preparation of macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution:Using the phase interaction between macromolecular material and CNT
With, prepare macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution, standby;
Step 2, the preparation of freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film:The macromolecule modified CNT that step one is obtained molten
After the dilution of liquid deionized water, in the micro-filtration membrane of cellulose mixture, thus obtaining thickness to be 1~3 μm, infiltration is logical for vacuum filter
Measure as 3100-4600Lm-2h-1bar-1Macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film.
2. according to claim 1 the preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film it is characterised in that institute
State comprising the concrete steps that of step one:Macromolecular material is dissolved in water for 1.5g/100mL according to mass volume ratio, dissolving is filled
After point, obtain water-soluble polymers;Add carboxylated CNT in this water-soluble polymers, wherein, carboxylated carbon
Nanotube is 1 with the mass ratio of macromolecular material:15, ultrasonic reaction 0.5h, will be molten for the macromolecule modified CNT obtaining
Liquid stands 12h, centrifugation, takes upper solution, obtains macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution.
3. according to claim 1 the preparation method of macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film it is characterised in that institute
State comprising the concrete steps that of step 2:The macromolecule modified carbon nano-tube solution deionized water that step one is obtained is diluted to carbon
Concentrations of nanotubes is 1mg/L, and vacuum filter to aperture is in the micro-filtration membrane of 0.22 micron of cellulose mixture;Above-mentioned deposition is had
After the micro-filtration membrane of macromolecule modified CNT is dried 12h at 50 DEG C, dissolve composite fibre with N,N-dimethylacetamide
Plain micro-filtration membrane, obtains macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film.
4. according to claim 3 macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film preparation method it is characterised in that will
During solution vacuum filter after dilution, the bulk area of taken solution and gained macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film
Than for 12~36:1mL/cm2.
5. the preparation method according to described macromolecule modified freestanding carbon nanotube assembling film arbitrary in Claims 1-4, it is special
Levy and be, described macromolecular material is one of polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid.
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Cited By (6)
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CN106823856A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-13 | 亚美滤膜(南通)有限公司 | Hydrophilic porous polyolefine material and its hydrophilically modified processing method |
CN107812452A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-20 | 广州市番禺旭升合成材料有限公司 | A kind of sea water desalination membrane and preparation method thereof |
CN109925891A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-25 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of carbon nanotube low-pressure membrane and preparation method thereof of small-bore high throughput |
CN110038450A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of super hydrophilic carbon nanotube perforated membrane |
CN111921390A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-13 | 上海念诺膜技术有限公司 | Method for synthesizing compact LTA type molecular sieve membrane by covalent bonding hydrothermal method |
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CN105597571A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-25 | 天津大学 | High-strength self-supporting ultrafiltration membrane prepared through vacuum auxiliary self-assembly and preparation method |
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2016
- 2016-11-29 CN CN201611075359.0A patent/CN106474936A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105597571A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-25 | 天津大学 | High-strength self-supporting ultrafiltration membrane prepared through vacuum auxiliary self-assembly and preparation method |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106823856A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-13 | 亚美滤膜(南通)有限公司 | Hydrophilic porous polyolefine material and its hydrophilically modified processing method |
CN107812452A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-20 | 广州市番禺旭升合成材料有限公司 | A kind of sea water desalination membrane and preparation method thereof |
CN109925891A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-25 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of carbon nanotube low-pressure membrane and preparation method thereof of small-bore high throughput |
CN109925891B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-03-29 | 北京工业大学 | Small-aperture high-flux carbon nanotube low-pressure membrane and preparation method thereof |
CN110038450A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of super hydrophilic carbon nanotube perforated membrane |
CN113019150A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 戴念华 | Forward osmosis membrane with high chemical resistance |
CN111921390A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-13 | 上海念诺膜技术有限公司 | Method for synthesizing compact LTA type molecular sieve membrane by covalent bonding hydrothermal method |
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