CN106471207A - Infiltration type rotary drilling-head completely - Google Patents

Infiltration type rotary drilling-head completely Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106471207A
CN106471207A CN201580024457.9A CN201580024457A CN106471207A CN 106471207 A CN106471207 A CN 106471207A CN 201580024457 A CN201580024457 A CN 201580024457A CN 106471207 A CN106471207 A CN 106471207A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rotary drilling
jointing material
alloy
particle matrix
matrix composite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201580024457.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
克里斯蒂安·M·兰贝特
科迪·A·皮尔斯
迈克尔·D·鲁普
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Longyear TM Inc
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Longyear TM Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Longyear TM Inc filed Critical Longyear TM Inc
Publication of CN106471207A publication Critical patent/CN106471207A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/46Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/54Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/46Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/48Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of core type
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/62Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of complete infiltration type rotary drilling-head; described drill bit has drill main body, and described drill main body includes at least one particle matrix composite with granular materialss compositionss and the jointing material with the jointing material compositionss different from described granular materialss compositionss.Described granular materialss compositionss have granular materialss melt temperature, and described jointing material compositionss have the jointing material melt temperature different from described granular materialss melt temperature.

Description

Infiltration type rotary drilling-head completely
The cross reference of related application
This application claims being filed in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/992 on May 13rd, 2014,654 priority, This temporary patent application is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
Technical field
The present invention relates to rotary drilling-head.More particularly, it relates to complete infiltration type rotary drilling-head.
Background technology
Rotary drilling-head is widely used in boring or the drilling well of subsurface boring.There are perhaps eurypalynous rig and related side Method is used for this kind of probing.Common probing is using the rotary drilling-head being attached to drill string one end.Rotary drilling-head generally includes and is fixed on Multiple cutting elements in drill main body surface region.Drill string includes managing and is connected to for will be located into the drill bit of foot of hole The equipment section of other drilling equipments in earth's surface.The brill in drill string and boring can be rotated using rotation platform or top drive Head.In addition, the shank of drill bit can be directly coupled in the drive shaft of downhole electrical motor, downhole electrical motor subsequently can be used for rotating boring Head.
Rotary drilling-head, particularly on the cutting end being covered with cutting element, usually plate-like or substantially cylindrical.Often The cutting surface that individual cutting element all has generally is made up of hard ultrawear-resistant material (such as polycrystalline diamond), the end face of element It is usually the form of circular, such element is commonly known as " polycrystalline diamond composite material " (PDC) cutter.Have many As species, drill bit form is available;However, cutting element is generally manufactured respectively with drill main body, it is then fitted into being formed at In the groove of drill main body outer surface.Cutting element can be fixed by any suitable means, for example, by using the material that bonds Material, including various binding agents, or more generally, various brazing alloys.Drill main body is fixed on American Petroleum Institute (API) (API) in threaded hardening steel handle, for drill bit is attached to drill string.During use, cutting element and its cutting surface Contact with stratum to be drilled.During bit, cutting element is gradually pruned the surface of underlying strata, thus forming boring.
The drill main body of rotary drilling-head can be formed by steel;However, this kind of drill main body can wear and tear, the speed meeting of abrasion There is obvious difference according to the difference of drilling environment.Wear and tear to reduce and increase the service life, drill main body also uses Particle matrix composite makes.
The drill main body of particle matrix composite is first made with the graphite jig with processing cavity.Can be by hand-held work Tool, adds other fine-feature structures in the chamber of graphite jig.It is also possible to use and be made up of sand, clay or other materials Insert or core are obtaining some preferable drill main body latent structures.(can be by if it is necessary, preform elements or replacing part Any suitable material is made, including ceramic component, graphite member or the fine and close sand part with resin-coating) can be positioned on mould Tool in and be used for limiting various features structure, including inner passage, cutting element groove, chip area and drill main body other outside Portion's configuration or internal feature structure.The chamber of graphite jig is filled with carbide material (the such as tungsten carbide, carbonization of hard particles shape Titanium, ramet etc.).Subsequently by preformation shaped blooms at an appropriate location with orientation positions in mould, this steel billet typically at least part Sink in the particulate carbide material in mould.
Subsequently can swing die or by granule compress to improve the packed density of carbide powder and to form powder type.Will Host material (such as acid bronze alloy) melts and is incorporated in carbide powder so that the host material of melting penetrates into powder shape In formula.Mould and drill main body can be cooled down, so that host material solidifies and steel billet is connected to particle matrix composite Upper formation bizet.Mould and all refill-units are removed from drill main body.Remove and during drill main body, typically require destruction graphite mo(u)ld Tool.
Once drill main body removes from described mould, will be fixed on for a long time in steel handle.Can lead on the surface of steel billet Over mechanical processing forms thread forms, threaded to provide between drill main body and steel handle.
Although steel billet can provide generally acceptable connection steel handle and the mode of drill main body, in mould during infiltration Base can shift, lead to base cannot align with drill main body, thus resulting in drill main body cannot use, or needs to drill bit Main body carries out extra processing or other are done over again.In addition, introduce base to need first it to be entered before infiltration as extra part Row decontamination or cleaning, to guarantee the metallurgical binding between base and metal matrix.In addition, the material according to used by base, base and Interaction between host material may result in the formation of both interface phases, and can thus lead to during using drill bit The formation in crack and expansion.
Although the drill main body containing particle matrix composite compared to all steel drill main body wear-resistant and corrosion Aspect has obvious advantage, but the low-intensity of such drill main body and soft limit their fortune in some application-specific With.Improve hardness, intensity or other properties of these particle matrix composites, just can expand the application model of this kind of drill main body Enclose.
Content of the invention
The present invention relates to include drill main body rotary drilling-head, this main body include at least one particle matrix composite and A kind of jointing material.On the one hand, each of at least one particle matrix composite is respectively provided with granular materialss compositionss, This granular materialss compositions also has granular materialss melt temperature.On the other hand, this jointing material has disunity granular materialss The jointing material compositionss of compositionss.At this on the one hand, jointing material compositionss have gluing less than granular materialss melt temperature Condensation material melt temperature.
It yet still another aspect, at least one in granular substrate material compositionss and jointing material compositionss can be by host material Constitute with being dispersed in this host material multiple hard particles everywhere.
Once being formed, described jointing material penetrates into particle matrix composite and is substantially encapsulated, to form base Uniform granule micro structure in basis.In this aspect, it is contemplated that particle matrix composite in the forming process of drill bit substantially Will not melt.
Brief description
These and other features of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will become more to show in detailed description referring to the drawings And be clear to, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the Some illustrative profile of an exemplary embodiment of rotary drilling-head disclosed herein.
Fig. 2 is the Some illustrative profile of second exemplary embodiment of rotary drilling-head disclosed herein.
Diagram presented herein, is not meant as the actual view of any certain material, device, system or method, and only It is the idealization representative of disclosure herein disclosed.In addition, each in figure identical element can retain identical Digital ID.
Specific embodiment
Explanation by referring to described further below, example, drawings and claims and its above and below can more be held Change places and understand the present invention.However, open and before describing apparatus of the present invention, system and/or method it will be appreciated that unless another Indicate, the invention is not limited in disclosed concrete device, system and/or method, because such concrete device, system And/or method is naturally it may happen that change.It should also be recognized that term used herein is merely to describe particular aspects, And be not intended to be limited.
The following description of the present invention is provided as realizing the teachings of the present invention with the most preferred embodiment of prior known.For this reason, Those skilled in the relevant art will recognize and appreciate that, can make many changes in the various aspects of invention described herein, with When remain to obtain beneficial effects of the present invention.It is also obvious that can be unfavorable by some features of the selection present invention Obtain some required beneficial effects of the present invention with other features.Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, to this Many modifications that invention is made and adjustment are possible, and even desired in some cases, and constitute the present invention's A part.Therefore, below description is provided as the exemplary illustration of principle of the present invention and not limits the present invention.
As used in text, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the " one " of singulative, " a kind of " and " described " Including plural references.Thus, for example, referring to that " a kind of particle matrix composite " may include two kinds or more kinds of such granule Groundmass composite material, unless the context indicates otherwise.
Scope herein can be expressed as starting from " about " a certain particular value and/or terminate in " about " another particular value.Work as table When reaching such scope, on the other hand include from a particular value and/or to another particular value.Similarly, when adopting antecedent " about " by numerical expression for during approximation it will be appreciated that this occurrence also constitutes on the other hand.It should also be understood that each model The end value enclosing is with respect to another end value, for being still not dependent on another end value, all meaningful.
As used herein, term " optional " or " optionally " refer to the event subsequently describing or situation it may happen that or can Can not occur, and described description inclusion wherein occurs the example of described event or situation and described event or feelings wherein do not occur The example of condition.
As used herein, term " [metal] based alloy " (wherein [metal] be any metal) is in addition to metal alloy, Also refer to technical pure [metal], [metal] percentage by weight wherein in alloy is higher than the weight percent of other compositions in this alloy Than.If this kind of apoplexy due to endogenous wind lists the metal of two or more, the combination of the percentage by weight of listed metal is higher than alloy The percentage by weight of middle other compositions.
As used herein, term " material compositions " refers to the micro structure of Chemical composition that and material.That is, having phase With chemical constituent but the material of different micro structure is considered to have different material components.
As used herein, term " tungsten carbide " refers to comprise with any stoichiometry or non-stoichiometric ratio or percentage ratio The arbitrary combination thing of the chemical compound of tungsten and carbon, for example, WC, W2C and WC and W2The combination of C.Tungsten carbide includes this material Any form form of material, for example, casting mold tungsten carbide, cemented tungsten carbide, monocrystalline tungsten carbide and macrocrystalline tungsten carbide.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of drilling type rotary drilling-head 10 with drill main body 20.Drill main body 20 has and is configured to Engage the far-end cutting zone 22 of subsurface formations and be configured to the proximal threads region 24 being optionally connected on drill string. On the one hand, this proximal threads region defines the open inner chamber 26 extending along drill main body longitudinal axis.It is also contemplated that by structure Cause the screw thread 28 matingly engaging and being attached to drill string can be formed at the inner wall surface of open inner chamber.As pre- in present invention institute Phase, drill main body is complete infiltration type, and thus without needing to be fixed to for a long time on ground prop handle.
On the other hand, drill main body 20 includes at least one particle matrix composite having permeated jointing material, makes Obtain at least one particle matrix composite to be permeated completely and substantially encapsulated by it by jointing material, substantially uniform to be formed Granule micro structure.On the one hand, it is respectively provided with granular materialss compositionss in each particle matrix composite, this granular materials Compositionss have granular materialss melt temperature.On the other hand, jointing material has jointing material compositionss, this jointing material group Compound has the jointing material melt temperature less than granular materialss melt temperature.Additionally, granular materialss compositionss and jointing material Compositionss are different material compositions.
It is contemplated that at least one in granular substrate material compositionss and jointing material compositionss by host material and is divided It is dispersed in this host material multiple hard particles everywhere to constitute.The plurality of hard particles can substantially be dispersed randomly in whole base In material.On the other hand, every kind of particle matrix composite is gone up by having the multiple hard particles being dispersed therein substantially Host material constitute.
It yet still another aspect, jointing material may include the second particle matrix composite.At this on the one hand, the second particle matrix Composite is substantially gone up and is made up of the host material with the multiple hard particles being dispersed therein.It yet still another aspect, bonding material Material may include nonmagnetic substance and/or high-abrasive material.Similarly, the host material in particle matrix composition material may include non- Magnetic material and/or high-abrasive material.On the one hand it is contemplated that the drill bit being formed can be all by nonmagnetic substance and/or wear-resisting material Material is formed.
The host material of bonding composite may include, and for example, cobalt-based, iron-based, Ni-based, ferrum is Ni-based, cobalt is Ni-based, ferrum cobalt Base, aluminium base, cuprio, magnesio, molybdenio and titanium-base alloy.Alloying element may include but be not limited to one of following element or many Kind:Magnesium (Mn), nickel (Ni), stannum (Sn), zinc (Zn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), boron (B) and phosphorus (P).Bonding composite Host material be further selected from industrial pure element, such as cobalt, aluminum, copper, magnesium, titanium, ferrum and nickel.In the way of for example and not limitation, The host material of bonding composite may include carbon steel, steel alloy, rustless steel, tool steel, potassium steel, nickel or cobalt high temperature alloy material The iron-based of material and low grade fever ductility or nickel-base alloy.
Hard particles may include diamond, or metal or semimetallic carbide, nitride, oxide or boride.With Mode for example and not limitation, hard particles may include diamond or ceramic material such as carbide, nitride, oxide and boron Compound (includes boron carbide (B4C)) and combinations thereof, such as carbonitride.More particularly, hard particles may include by Element such as W, Ti, Mo, Nb, V, Hf, Ta, Cr, Zr, Al and Si form carbide and boride.With side for example and not limitation Formula, the material for forming hard particles includes tungsten carbide (WC, W2C), titanium carbide (TiC), ramet (TaC), titanium diboride (TiB2), chromium carbide, titanium nitride (TiN), vanadium carbide (VC), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), aluminium nitride (AlN), boron nitride (BN) and carbon SiClx (SiC).Additionally, the combination of different hardness granule can be used for customizing physical property and the characteristic of particle matrix composite. Hard particles can be formed with technology well known by persons skilled in the art.The material being best suited for hard particles is commercially available, and And other forming method is also in the limit of power of those skilled in the art.
In one example, unrestriced mode, the substrate of particle matrix complex composition may include tungsten-bast alloy, and And the substrate of jointing material compositionss is selected from acid bronze alloy, zinc-containing alloy and nickel-base alloy.In another example, rather than limit The mode of system, the substrate of particle matrix complex composition may include tungsten carbide-base alloy, and the substrate of jointing material compositionss It is selected from acid bronze alloy, zinc-containing alloy and nickel-base alloy.Use to tungsten and/or tungsten carbide is preferable, because its hardness is relatively Height, thus less granule can be used because its fusing point is high, and is suitable for process of osmosis, because host material solidifies and cold But before it is in time typically shorter (method making particle matrix composite compared to other, such as many powder smelting of high temperature Gold, for example, sinter, and in these methods, the time generally at high temperature is much longer).
The jointing material melt temperature of the jointing material compositionss being had due to jointing material is less than granular materialss melting temperature Degree, in the substantially uniform granule micro structure in the drill bit of formation, described at least one particle matrix composite is in non- Molten condition.Once formed it is contemplated that particle matrix composite substantially on be saturated jointing material encapsulation.In addition, being Realize required infiltration, and particle matrix complex composition does not melt, jointing material melt temperature and granular materialss melting are warm The difference of degree is more than 500, preferably more than 1000, and is more preferably larger than 1,500.
It yet still another aspect, as shown in Figure 2 it is contemplated that described at least one particle matrix composite may include multiple Grain groundmass composite material.At this on the one hand, every kind of particle matrix composite can be processed into and be located at and drill main body longitudinal axiss In the layer of line located lateral.This layered approach can use jointing material of the same race, be formed at each layer can have different required The complete infiltration type drill main body of engineering propertiess.
Although several embodiments of the present invention above disclosed in the description, those skilled in the art should Understand, the many modifications belonging to the present invention and other embodiment will be conceived, it has and in described above and relevant drawings is in The beneficial effect of existing teaching.It will thus be appreciated that the invention is not restricted to specific embodiment disclosed above and many Modification and other embodiment are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.In addition although there is employed herein special Fixed term, and claims below also uses specific term, they are used only for general and descriptive meaning Justice, rather than in order to limit the purpose of described invention, be not to limit claims below purpose.

Claims (25)

1. a kind of rotary drilling-head, including:
Drill main body, described drill main body has the far-end cutting zone being configured to engage subsurface formations and is configured to select Selecting property it is connected to the proximal threads region on drill string;
At least one particle matrix composite, every kind of particle matrix composite is respectively provided with granular materialss compositionss, described Grain material compositions have granular materialss melt temperature;And
A kind of jointing material, described jointing material has the jointing material compositionss different from described granular materialss compositionss, and And there is jointing material melt temperature less than described granular materialss melt temperature,
At least one of wherein said granular substrate material compositionss and described jointing material compositionss by host material and dissipate The multiple hard particles being distributed in described host material are constituted, and wherein said jointing material penetrates into described particle matrix material In material, to form substantially uniform granule micro structure.
2. rotary drilling-head according to claim 1, wherein every kind of particle matrix composite is gone up wherein scattered by having substantially The described host material being furnished with the plurality of hard particles is constituted.
3. rotary drilling-head according to claim 2, wherein said jointing material includes the second particle matrix composite.
4. rotary drilling-head according to claim 3, wherein said jointing material substantially by have wherein be scattered with multiple The host material of hard particles is constituted.
5. rotary drilling-head according to claim 4, wherein said jointing material includes copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), ferrum (Fe), molybdenum (Mo) simple substance or the alloy based on these metals.
6. rotary drilling-head according to claim 4, wherein said jointing material includes nonmagnetic substance.
7. rotary drilling-head according to claim 4, wherein said jointing material includes high-abrasive material.
8. rotary drilling-head according to claim 4, wherein said hard particles include diamond, or metal or semimetal Carbide, nitride, oxide or boride.
9., according to the rotary drilling-head described in claim 5, wherein said host material includes cobalt-base alloyss, ferrous alloy, Ni-based conjunction Gold, cobalt nickel-base alloy, iron nickel base alloy, iron cobaltio base alloy, acieral, acid bronze alloy, magnesium base alloy, tungsten-bast alloy and titanio Alloy.
10. rotary drilling-head according to claim 2, the described host material bag in wherein said particle matrix composite Include nonmagnetic substance.
11. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 2, the described host material bag in wherein said particle matrix composite Include high-abrasive material.
12. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said jointing material includes the second particle matrix composite.
13. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 12, wherein said jointing material substantially wherein spreads by having The described host material stating multiple hard particles is constituted.
14. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said at least one particle matrix composite is in the base being formed It is in non-melt state in uniform granule micro structure in basis.
15. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said at least one particle matrix composite includes multiple Grain groundmass composite material, and every kind of particle matrix composite is all processed into the longitudinal axis being located at described drill main body It is open in the layer of positioning.
16. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 4, the described substrate of wherein said particle matrix complex composition includes tungsten Based alloy.
17. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 16, the described substrate of wherein said jointing material compositionss is selected from cuprio Alloy, zinc-containing alloy and nickel-base alloy.
18. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 4, the described substrate of wherein said particle matrix complex composition includes carbon Change tungsten-bast alloy.
19. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 18, the described substrate of wherein said jointing material compositionss is selected from cuprio Alloy, zinc-containing alloy and nickel-base alloy.
20. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said proximal threads region defines along described drill main body The open inner chamber that longitudinal axis extend, and wherein spiral thread is formed in the inner wall surface of described open inner chamber, Described spiral thread is configured to matingly engage and be attached on drill string.
21. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said proximal threads region defines outer surface, and described Spiral thread is defined, described spiral thread is configured to matingly engage and be attached at least a portion of outer surface On described drill string.
22. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said particle matrix composite is gone up substantially by described infiltration Jointing material encapsulates.
23. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said jointing material melt temperature and the melting of described granular materialss The difference of temperature is more than 500.
24. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said jointing material melt temperature and the melting of described granular materialss The difference of temperature is more than 1000.
25. rotary drilling-heads according to claim 1, wherein said jointing material melt temperature and the melting of described granular materialss The difference of temperature is more than 1,500.
CN201580024457.9A 2014-05-13 2015-05-13 Infiltration type rotary drilling-head completely Pending CN106471207A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US201461992654P 2014-05-13 2014-05-13
US61/992,654 2014-05-13
PCT/US2015/030535 WO2015175641A1 (en) 2014-05-13 2015-05-13 Fully infiltrated rotary drill bit

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EP (1) EP3143236A1 (en)
CN (1) CN106471207A (en)
AU (1) AU2015259190A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2948825A1 (en)
CL (1) CL2016002889A1 (en)
PE (1) PE20170018A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015175641A1 (en)

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AU2015259190A1 (en) 2016-11-17
US20150330154A1 (en) 2015-11-19
EP3143236A1 (en) 2017-03-22
WO2015175641A1 (en) 2015-11-19
CA2948825A1 (en) 2015-11-19
PE20170018A1 (en) 2017-03-04

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Application publication date: 20170301