CN106451506A - Energy storage system configuration method based on power system analysis software package/user program interface (PSASP/UPI) and facing high wind power penetration power grid frequency modulation demands - Google Patents
Energy storage system configuration method based on power system analysis software package/user program interface (PSASP/UPI) and facing high wind power penetration power grid frequency modulation demands Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an energy storage system configuration method based on a PSASP/UPI and facing high wind power penetration power grid frequency modulation demands, and belongs to the wind power technology field. The method mainly comprises the development of an energy storage frequency application mathematical model and an energy storage UP under a UPI environment and the making of an energy storage control strategy, and is characterized by utilizing a PSASP software to store energy under the UPI environment to participate in the application of the high wind power penetration system frequency control, simulating in a WSCC-9 example system under the UPI environment, on the basis of the energy storage UP development principle and according to the provided energy storage control strategy. The results show that an energy storage system has an obvious effect for improving the system frequency, and the effect is better along with the improvement of the charging/discharging power of the energy storage system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-storage system configuration permeating power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Method, belongs to wind-powered electricity generation technical field.
Background technology
It is to realize sustainable development, reply climate warming and implementation that the regenerative resources such as large-scale wind power access power system
The important measures of energy-saving and emission-reduction policy.Because THE WIND ENERGY RESOURCES IN CHINA is mainly distributed on the relatively weak ground of the electrical networks such as northwest, northeast
Area, away from load center, therefore large-scale networked, long distance power transmission is the effective way realizing wind-electricity integration at high proportion.Cut-off
In the end of the year 2014, China's accumulation installed capacity of wind-driven power reaches 114609MW, and growth momentum is still swift and violent, pre- according to expert
Meter, to the year two thousand twenty, China's wind-powered electricity generation total installation of generating capacity will exceed 200000MW.The randomness being possessed by wind power itself and ripple
Dynamic property is so that after large-scale wind power accesses, will bring impact to the Real-time Balancing of power system active power.And, it is traditional
Blower fan typically adopts MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) control strategy so that wind
Machine is not responding to the change of system power substantially, leads to the total inertia of electrical network to reduce, Ability of Resisting Disturbance weakens.Therefore, with not sending a telegram here
The rising of net wind-powered electricity generation permeability, the frequency regulation problem of electrical network will seem more and more prominent.Energy-storage system entering with its technology
Step is it is considered to be improve the effective means that system receives ability to wind-powered electricity generation.Energy-storage system fast response time, regulation power are big, can
, within the time of even several seconds a few minutes, to change between the state of no output and full charging and discharging state, to maintenance electric power
The effect of system capacity supply and demand Real-time Balancing is notable.The creep speed of conventional thermoelectricity frequency hopping unit is only 2%-3%PN/ min, generally
Need just to complete within more than 1 minute the dispatch command of AGC, on the other hand, energy-storage system can realize instruction within 1 second will
Ask.And, energy storage device runs generally under non-full load condition, thus regulating power can reach itself adjust power two
Times, for example, the energy-storage system of 20WM in charging and discharging respectively can on be in harmonious proportion and lower system power 20WM, therefore equivalent regulation
Ability is 40WM, and therefore, energy-storage system is applied to participation system frequency modulation assistant service.However, comparing conventional frequency modulation unit frequency modulation
Cost, current energy storage price is still very high, which also limits application in power system for the extensive energy storage.But recent Lux
A research of Research shows, the price of on-vehicle battery group have dropped 35%, and cost will in following 10 years
It is greatly lowered, this trend equally will occur on solid state battery cost.Therefore, with the continuous reduction of energy storage cost, energy storage
The economic well-being of workers and staff of system still can dramatically increase.PSASP (Power System Analysis Software Package) is to grind
Study carefully the important tool that analysis large-scale electrical power system runs, the User Defined interface (UPI) provided in it is greatly strengthened
The policy function for new-type element in system and control mode for the PSASP.The presence of UPI is so that user can be personalized
For different problems, flexible design program is emulated.At present, the energy storage frequency modulation simulation analysis conducted in UPI environment
Still less, and mostly stress energy storage model feasibility study.Therefore how to solve the power system fortune that wind-powered electricity generation causes at high proportion
Energy storage frequency modulation problem present in row becomes urgent need to solve the problem, so participated in high using energy storage under PSASP software UPI environment
The application of wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system FREQUENCY CONTROL, on the basis of energy storage UP (user program) developing principle under UPI environment, presses
According to the energy storage control strategy being proposed, emulated in WSCC-9 example system, invention a kind of based on PSASP/UPI towards
The energy-storage system collocation method that high wind-powered electricity generation permeates power grid frequency modulation demand is necessary.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome a difficult problem for energy storage frequency modulation problem present in the Operation of Electric Systems that wind-powered electricity generation at high proportion causes, it is based on
The energy-storage system collocation method permeating power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation of PSASP/UPI utilizes PSASP software, in UPI ring
Under border, energy storage participates in the application of high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system FREQUENCY CONTROL, and under UPI environment and energy storage UP (user program)
On the basis of developing principle, according to the energy storage control strategy being proposed, emulated in WSCC-9 example system, result shows
Energy-storage system is obvious for improving system frequency effect, and the lifting with energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power is better.
The present invention is solved based on the energy-storage system collocation method that PSASP/UPI permeates power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation
The technical scheme that its technical problem is adopted is specific as follows：
Due in high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system, larger wind power swing occurs, conventional frequency modulation unit creep speed is relatively in addition
Slowly, power system is made to be difficult to timely maintain the Real-time Balancing of energy.Adjusted towards high wind-powered electricity generation infiltration electrical network based on PSASP/UPI
The energy-storage system collocation method of frequency demand then participates in emphatically the exploitation of the energy storage UP that system frequency is adjusted, and uses under application UPI environment
The principle of family program UP, i.e. the interface principle of PSASP/UPI basic functional principle and user program UP and PSASP main program, with
Stabilizing wind power swing is target, sets up concrete mathematical model so that energy storage device can be with its quick regulation power, control strategy
The features such as be easily achieved, more aobvious key in the application of the frequency issues of power system after alleviation at high proportion wind power integration.
Energy storage frequency applied mathematical model under 1.UPI environment
System frequency fluctuation is the performance that in power system, supply and demand energy imbalance leads to that form of energy changes.When can measure
During existing surplus, because power system needs to keep the Real-time Balancing of energy supply and demand, therefore remaining energy is accomplished by being converted into and is
The kinetic energy of generator amature in system, is presented as that system frequency raises.Therefore, energy storage model can select directly to control frequency departure
Or enter line frequency regulation by stabilizing wind power swing.
The storage set up based on the energy-storage system collocation method that PSASP/UPI permeates power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Can frequency modulation model be that concrete mathematical model is as follows to stabilize wind power swing as target：
Object function：
Min Δ P=∑ PG+PW+PStorage-PL(9)
Constraints：
PStorage=VT·IT·cosθ (10)
X=F (X, Y, U) (11)
Y=G (X, Y, U) (12)
Xi.min≤Xi≤Xi.max(13)
Yi.min≤Yi≤Yt.max(14)
Ui.min≤Ui≤Ui.max(15)
Wherein：
The departure of active power in Δ P system
PGIn system, the active of generating set is exerted oneself
PWIn system, Wind turbines are always active exerts oneself
PStorageThe active power that in system, total load consumes
PLThe active power that in system, total load consumes
VTEnergy storage device access point node voltage amplitude
ITEnergy storage device is injected into the current amplitude in system
θ energy storage device access point node voltage phase angle
In PSASP multilayer output feedback network, outside injecting power needs with the expression of Injection Current form, therefore, in model
The output formula 10 of energy-storage system is represented；Node voltage vector therein needs to obtain after PSASP multilayer output feedback network terminates
Take, therefore model Chinese style 11 and formula 12 represent Linear Network equation group and dynamic differential equation group in multilayer output feedback network；Formula 13
It is multilayer output feedback network quantity of state and the constraint of control variables span to formula 15.
P in object functionStorageCorresponding VTWith θ for carrying out in formula 11 and formula 12 solving state in multilayer output feedback network
Partial amount in amount；Control variables U in formula 11 and formula 12 by being converted the node injection electricity obtaining by injecting power in formula 10
Stream IT, therefore, according to energy storage UP development logic, above-mentioned model is arranged：
UP：
PSASP/ST：
In model, the complex differential equation that solves enters row operation by the program that PSASP carries, and this greatly reduces
The exploitation amount of user's UP program, the method for solving simultaneously carrying in PSASP also ensure that the convergence of calculating.
The exploitation of energy storage UP under 2.UPI environment
Energy storage ginseng is realized based on the energy-storage system collocation method that PSASP/UPI permeates power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Need altogether to write 3 UP (user program) program with system frequency modulation function, realize trend initial calculation respectively, read in wind-powered electricity generation
Power swing data, three functions of energy-storage system action.Wherein trend initial calculation is steady-state load flow UP, and remaining two is transient state
Stablize UP, the setting rule of therefore interface is slightly different.
For trend initial calculation UP (UP.dll), its function is with the power of wind-powered electricity generation fluctuation initial time as input quantity,
It is calculated initial steady-state load flow distribution, as the basis of subsequently temporarily steady calculating.In the description information of UP, due to UP and be not required to
To obtain variable, therefore input information in PSASP, that is, UP.F1 is sky.And UP needs to be input to wind power initial value
So as to carry out Load flow calculation in PSASP main program, therefore UP.F2 wind power P.In the recalls information of PSASP, set
Wind power injection bus is 3 buses that generate electricity, and UP title and numbering are set with program consistent.
For energy storage action UP (Storage.dll), its function is to carry out discharge and recharge behaviour by the energy storage control strategy setting
Make, be injected into wind energy turbine set place bus.As analyzed in energy storage model, PSASP temporarily surely calculates main program feedback quantity can only be
Watt current and reactive current are it is therefore desirable to calculate active, reactive current that can be equivalent with energy storage power output.For to this
Consideration, UP needs to obtain power injection busbar voltage amplitude and phase angle from main program, and with calculating current, therefore UP.F1 is VT
And θ.To the watt current and reactive current that PSASP main program feedback quantity is that equivalent energy storage is exerted oneself, therefore UP.F2 is injection electricity to UP
Stream ITGenerate real component ITR and idle component ITI.In the recalls information of PSASP, set wind power injection bus is to send out
Electric 3 buses, UP title and numbering are set with program consistent.
UP (Read.dll) is read in for wind power, is all transient stability user with energy storage action UP (Storage.dll)
The setting selection of self defining programm, therefore its F1, F2 is identical, and both basic goals are to network injecting power, so UP
F1 and F2 set amount consistent with the above
3. the formulation of energy storage control strategy
3.1 energy storage control strategies formulate thinking
Wind power undulate quantity is to weigh one of important performance assessment criteria of wind-electricity integration, using energy-storage system smooth wind power work(
Rate fluctuation is also the means currently commonly used.Energy storage UP is used with wind power output power mean value for action reference value, with
Stabilize the control strategy that wind power fluctuates as target.Wherein consider battery carrying capacity, energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power, energy storage
Efficiency for charge-discharge and energy storage system capacity.
The formulation of 3.2 energy storage control strategies
Due to the energy storage device of electrochemical forms, there is energy density height, mounting arrangement is flexible, safeguard more convenient, skill
The advantages of art is ripe.In the energy storage demonstration project therefore currently having put into operation, stored energy form used mostly is electrochemical energy storage.
Affected by electrochemical cell operation principle, battery is simultaneously not suitable for the depth discharge and recharge repeatedly counting.Research shows, when
When battery charge state SOC is between 10% to 90%, the applicability of battery is good, and battery works long hours in the upper limit and
In lower limit 10%SOC is interval, cell electrochemical reaction thing concentration will be led to reduce, or even increase the property of electrode material and electrolyte
Can decline.Therefore, first energy storage device current state-of-charge SOC is judged in control strategy, if SOC is in 10% arriving
90% is interval, then allow energy storage device action.
Extensive in high wind-powered electricity generation infiltration electrical network add energy storage device, be fundamentally that to realize energy real-time in order to improve system
The ability of balance.Therefore, current storage need to be judged according to the maximum charge-discharge electric power of energy storage device and energy storage device maximum capacity
System whether can stabilize wind power fluctuation completely, then revise the actual electricity answering charge and discharge of energy-storage system accordingly.
In sum, concrete energy storage control strategy is as follows：
1) judge present battery state-of-charge SOC；
Table 1 battery charge state SOC decision table
2) if SOC is in 10% to 90% interval, with wind power output power average value PavrFor standard, weigh system active
Power deviation Δ P positive and negative come to judge present apparatus need charge or discharge；
3) compare energy-storage system charge-discharge velocity and charge/discharge capacity limit and stabilize current undulate quantity desired rate and appearance
Amount size, determines energy storage discharge and recharge.
Wherein：
Δ P=Pwind.i-Pavr(7)
As Δ P ＞ 0, when that is, energy storage device needs to charge, control strategy such as table 2.
Table 2 energy-storage system charging process control strategy
Wherein：PS.CFor energy-storage system maximum charge power, SNFor energy-storage system rated capacity.
SS.C=(0.9-SOC) SN(8)
ΔP1=Δ P (10)
ΔP2=PS.C(11)
As Δ P ＜ 0, when that is, energy storage device needs electric discharge, control strategy such as table 3.
Table 3 energy storage system discharges control strategy
Wherein：PS.DFor energy-storage system maximum discharge power.
ΔP5=| Δ P | (14)
ΔP6=PS.D(15)
It is based on PSASP software in sum, realize participating in high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system frequency modulation with energy storage under UPI environment
Function, proposes one kind with wind based on the energy-storage system collocation method that PSASP/UPI permeates power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Electric output power mean value is action reference value, to stabilize the accumulator cell charging and discharging control strategy that wind power fluctuates as target,
And proposed control strategy is realized using user program UP.Then emulated in WSCC-9 example system, result proves
The utilization of energy-storage system can effectively reduce the maximum deviation amount of high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system medium frequency, and energy storage charge-discharge electric power is got over
Greatly, effect is more preferable.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Permeate the energy storage system of power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
System collocation method, is based on PSASP software, realizes participating in the work(of high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system frequency modulation with energy storage under UPI environment
Can, propose a kind of with wind power output power mean value for action reference value, fluctuated the battery as target with stabilizing wind power
Charge and discharge control strategy, and proposed control strategy is realized using user program UP (user program).Then in WSCC-
Emulated in 9 example systems, result proves that the utilization of energy-storage system can effectively reduce high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system medium frequency
Maximum deviation amount, and energy storage charge-discharge electric power is bigger, effect is more preferable.
Brief description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the energy-storage system configuration side that the present invention permeates power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
The example system line chart figure of method.
Fig. 2 is the energy-storage system configuration side that the present invention permeates power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
The wind power output power curve map of method.
Fig. 3 is the energy-storage system configuration side that the present invention permeates power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
The system frequency of method is with wind power fluctuation change curve.
Fig. 4 is the energy-storage system configuration side that the present invention permeates power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
System frequency change curve after the addition energy storage of method.
Fig. 5 is the energy-storage system configuration side that the present invention permeates power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Frequency variation curve figure after the addition 3WM energy-storage system of method.
Fig. 6 is the energy-storage system configuration side that the present invention permeates power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Frequency variation curve figure after the addition 2WM energy-storage system of method.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：
As illustrated, the present invention is joined based on the energy-storage system that PSASP/UPI permeates power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation
The method of putting is embodied as follows：
First, under UPI environment user program UP application principle
First, PSASP/UPI basic functional principle.PSASP provides user program interface (UPI) environment, and user can be according to
Requirement developing UP program, makes PSASP functional module and user program module cooperation, jointly completes a certain calculating task.?
In Windows operating system, the dynamic link library (DLL) that can be provided by it is supported, to realize computer language and to patrol
Collect the interaction controlling.The UP that user is write is based on the control array (F1 and F2) arranging according to interface specification in advance, completes
Information transmission between UP program and PSASP main program.When using UPI function, need to be by compiled good UP Program Generating institute
The dll file needing, enters back into the setting UPI interface parameters corresponding with F1 and F2 in PSASP interface, to realize PSASP to UP
Call, and then with program Joint iteration.
Secondly, the interface principle of user program UP and PSASP main program.User program and the interface principle of Load Flow Program：
The Mathematical Modeling of conventional Load Flow Load flow calculation (LP) is Groebner Basis：
F (X)=0 (1)
Wherein：X=(x1, x2... xn) for network equation solve state variable.
In Load flow calculation, generally individually adopt Newton-Laphson method, P-Q decomposition method etc. repeatedly for Groebner Basis
Solved for method, Iteration is as follows：
X(K+1)=G (X(K)) (2)
When considering user program, the Nonlinear System of Equations shown in formula 1 is changed to：
F (X, U)=0 (3)
The UP Mathematical Modeling that user makes by oneself is expressed as formula 4：
H (X, U)=0 (4)
Wherein：U=(u1, u2..., um) for user program equation solution gained control variables.
Computing is alternateed between Load flow calculation (LF) equation 3 in above-mentioned PSASP and user program equation 4,
When solving flow equation 3, control variables U is regarded as fixed value, solve systematic state variable X, choose UP demand X in X*, make
Output information F1 array for PSASP, is input in UP；When solving user program formula 4, state variable X is regarded as fixed value,
Solve control variables U obtained by UP, choose flow calculation program demand U in U*, as the output information F2 array of UP, input
To in Load flow calculation main program, both interactions, till wherein one calculating of LF and UP completes.
The interface principle of user program and temporarily steady calculation procedure：The Mathematical Modeling of multilayer output feedback network (ST) is including retouching
State that the system of linear equations of network structure, sign system be dynamic and the differential equation group of case and automatic equipment, therefore, transient stability
Calculating can be attributed to the simultaneous solution of Linear Network equation and the differential equation：
If considering user-written subroutine equation, formula is revised as：
X=F (X, Y, U) (6)
Y=G (X, Y, U) (7)
U=H (X, Y, U) (8)
Described in interactive relation between the multilayer output feedback network ST and UP and user program interface principle with Load Flow Program
Similar, the multilayer output feedback network conducted in formula is by PSASP institute tape program bag complete independently, is considering user-written subroutine
During UP, first control variables U in formula 6 and formula 7 is regarded constant, solve state variable X, Y, then by the partial status amount required for UP
X*、Y*Input to UP equation 8 as F1 array, solve control variables U, by part control variables U needed for ST*As F2 array
Feed back to ST, and then complete iterative process, until terminating.In the multilayer output feedback network (ST) of PSASP, differential equation group presses substep
Integration is solved, integration step DT can sets itself, ST and UP each period equal interleaved computation are once.
2nd, participate in the exploitation of the energy storage UP that system frequency is adjusted
Due in high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system, larger wind power swing occurs, conventional frequency modulation unit creep speed is relatively in addition
Slowly, power system is made to be difficult to timely maintain the Real-time Balancing of energy.Energy storage device is easy with its quick regulation power, control strategy
The features such as realizing, the more aobvious key of the application of the frequency issues of power system after alleviation at high proportion wind power integration.
Energy storage frequency applied mathematical model under 1.UPI environment
System frequency fluctuation is the performance that in power system, supply and demand energy imbalance leads to that form of energy changes.When can measure
During existing surplus, because power system needs to keep the Real-time Balancing of energy supply and demand, therefore remaining energy is accomplished by being converted into and is
The kinetic energy of generator amature in system, is presented as that system frequency raises.Therefore, energy storage model can select directly to control frequency departure
Or enter line frequency regulation by stabilizing wind power swing.
The storage set up based on the energy-storage system collocation method that PSASP/UPI permeates power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Can frequency modulation model be that concrete mathematical model is as follows to stabilize wind power swing as target：
Object function：
Min Δ P=∑ PG+PW+PStorage-PL(9)
Constraints：
PStorage=VT·IT·cosθ (10)
X=F (X, Y, U) (11)
Y=G (X, Y, U) (12)
Xi.min≤Xi≤Xi.max(13)
Yi.min≤Yi≤Yi.max(14)
Ui.min≤Ui≤Ui.max(15)
Wherein：
The departure of active power in Δ P system
PGIn system, the active of generating set is exerted oneself
PWIn system, Wind turbines are always active exerts oneself
PStorageThe active power that in system, total load consumes
PLThe active power that in system, total load consumes
VTEnergy storage device access point node voltage amplitude
ITEnergy storage device is injected into the current amplitude in system
θ energy storage device access point node voltage phase angle
In PSASP multilayer output feedback network, outside injecting power needs with the expression of Injection Current form, therefore, in model
The output formula 10 of energy-storage system is represented；Node voltage vector therein needs to obtain after PSASP multilayer output feedback network terminates
Take, therefore model Chinese style 11 and formula 12 represent Linear Network equation group and dynamic differential equation group in multilayer output feedback network；Formula 13
It is multilayer output feedback network quantity of state and the constraint of control variables span to formula 15.
P in object functionStorageCorresponding VTWith θ for carrying out in formula 11 and formula 12 solving state in multilayer output feedback network
Partial amount in amount；Control variables U in formula 11 and formula 12 by being converted the node injection electricity obtaining by injecting power in formula 10
Stream IT, therefore, according to energy storage UP development logic, above-mentioned model is arranged：
UP：
PSASP/ST：
In model, the complex differential equation that solves enters row operation by the program that PSASP carries, and this greatly reduces
The exploitation amount of user's UP program, the method for solving simultaneously carrying in PSASP also ensure that the convergence of calculating.
The exploitation of energy storage UP under 2.UPI environment
Energy storage ginseng is realized based on the energy-storage system collocation method that PSASP/UPI permeates power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation
Need altogether to write 3 UP programs with system frequency modulation function, realize respectively trend initial calculation, read in wind power fluctuation data,
Three functions of energy-storage system action.Wherein trend initial calculation is steady-state load flow UP, and remaining two is transient stability UP, therefore connects
The setting rule of mouth is slightly different.
For trend initial calculation UP (UP.dll), its function is with the power of wind-powered electricity generation fluctuation initial time as input quantity,
It is calculated initial steady-state load flow distribution, as the basis of subsequently temporarily steady calculating.In the description information of UP, due to UP and be not required to
To obtain variable, therefore input information in PSASP, that is, UP.F1 is sky.And UP needs to be input to wind power initial value
So as to carry out Load flow calculation in PSASP main program, therefore UP.F2 wind power P.In the recalls information of PSASP, set
Wind power injection bus is 3 buses that generate electricity, and UP title and numbering are set with program consistent.
For energy storage action UP (Storage.dll), its function is to carry out discharge and recharge behaviour by the energy storage control strategy setting
Make, be injected into wind energy turbine set place bus.As analyzed in energy storage model, PSASP temporarily surely calculates main program feedback quantity can only be
Watt current and reactive current are it is therefore desirable to calculate active, reactive current that can be equivalent with energy storage power output.For to this
Consideration, UP needs to obtain power injection busbar voltage amplitude and phase angle from main program, and with calculating current, therefore UP.F1 is VT
And θ.To the watt current and reactive current that PSASP main program feedback quantity is that equivalent energy storage is exerted oneself, therefore UP.F2 is injection electricity to UP
Stream ITGenerate real component ITR and idle component ITI.In the recalls information of PSASP, set wind power injection bus is to send out
Electric 3 buses, UP title and numbering are set with program consistent.
UP (Read.dll) is read in for wind power, is all transient stability user with energy storage action UP (Storage.dll)
The setting selection of self defining programm, therefore its F1, F2 is identical, and both basic goals are to network injecting power, so UP
F1 and F2 set amount consistent with the above, that is, UP.F1 be VTAnd θ, UP.F2 is Injection Current ITGenerate real component ITR and idle
Component ITI.
3. the formulation of energy storage control strategy
3.1 energy storage control strategies formulate thinking
Wind power undulate quantity is to weigh one of important performance assessment criteria of wind-electricity integration, using energy-storage system smooth wind power work(
Rate fluctuation is also the means currently commonly used.Energy storage UP is used with wind power output power mean value for action reference value, with
Stabilize the control strategy that wind power fluctuates as target.Wherein consider battery carrying capacity, energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power, energy storage
Efficiency for charge-discharge and energy storage system capacity.
The formulation of 3.2 energy storage control strategies
Due to the energy storage device of electrochemical forms, there is energy density height, mounting arrangement is flexible, safeguard more convenient, skill
The advantages of art is ripe.In the energy storage demonstration project therefore currently having put into operation, stored energy form used mostly is electrochemical energy storage.
Affected by electrochemical cell operation principle, battery is simultaneously not suitable for the depth discharge and recharge repeatedly counting.Research shows, when
When battery charge state SOC is between 10% to 90%, the applicability of battery is good, and battery works long hours in the upper limit and
In lower limit 10%SOC is interval, cell electrochemical reaction thing concentration will be led to reduce, or even increase the property of electrode material and electrolyte
Can decline.Therefore, first energy storage device current state-of-charge SOC is judged in control strategy, if SOC is in 10% arriving
90% is interval, then allow energy storage device action.
Extensive in high wind-powered electricity generation infiltration electrical network add energy storage device, be fundamentally that to realize energy real-time in order to improve system
The ability of balance.Therefore, current storage need to be judged according to the maximum charge-discharge electric power of energy storage device and energy storage device maximum capacity
System whether can stabilize wind power fluctuation completely, then revise the actual electricity answering charge and discharge of energy-storage system accordingly.
In sum, concrete energy storage control strategy is as follows：
4) judge present battery state-of-charge SOC；
Table 1 battery charge state SOC decision table
5) if SOC is in 10% to 90% interval, with wind power output power average value PavrFor standard, weigh system active
Power deviation Δ P positive and negative come to judge present apparatus need charge or discharge；
6) compare energy-storage system charge-discharge velocity and charge/discharge capacity limit and stabilize current undulate quantity desired rate and appearance
Amount size, determines energy storage discharge and recharge.
Wherein：
Δ P=Pwind.i-Pavr(7)
As Δ P ＞ 0, when that is, energy storage device needs to charge, control strategy such as table 2.
Table 2 energy-storage system charging process control strategy
Wherein：PS.CFor energy-storage system maximum charge power, SNFor energy-storage system rated capacity.
SS.C=(0.9-SOC) SN(8)
ΔP1=Δ P (10)
ΔP2=PS.C(11)
As Δ P ＜ 0, when that is, energy storage device needs electric discharge, control strategy such as table 3.
Table 3 energy storage system discharges control strategy
Wherein：PS.DFor energy-storage system maximum discharge power.
ΔP5=| Δ P | (14)
ΔP6=PS.D(15)
3rd, simulation example and analysis
In order to verify mentioned above go out utilization energy-storage system to participate in high wind-powered electricity generation osmosis system frequency modulation feasible effectively, with standard
Based on WSCC-9 tri- machine nine node system, its started to exchange fire group of motors of median generatrix 3 is changed to Wind turbines, constructs example system.
Example system total load 315MW, reference capacity 100MW, in network, generating bus one is balance nodes, and generating bus two is started to exchange fire
Group of motors, actual exert oneself as 163MW, Wind turbines nominal output is 85MW, and wind power output accounting is 27%.
1. wind power fluctuation situation
Wind-powered electricity generation accesses electrical network on a large scale affects maximum to power system Primary frequency control ability.Therefore, mainly one in example
It is analyzed under secondary frequency modulated time yardstick, simulation time length is chosen as 30s, set wind-powered electricity generation fluctuation scene, wind power output power
Fluctuation such as Fig. 2.Wherein, wind power a reference value is 100WM, and peak power output perunit value is 0.48, minimum output power mark
The one is worth for 0.34, and maximum rate of change is 10WM/s.
2. system frequency is with wind power fluctuation situation of change
In example, with wind power fluctuation, just produce positively or negatively deviation compared with trend initial value, occur in that immediately
Accelerate and retarding power, so that system frequency is fluctuated.Wind power is added in example system, gained system frequency fluctuation feelings
Condition such as Fig. 3.From simulation result, when system is subject to wind power disturbance, system maximum frequency deviation is 0.228Hz, exceedes electricity
Force system is normal to run the ± 0.2Hz that system frequency deviation is required.
3. energy storage device participates in system frequency regulation
This example is emulated by PSASP software, and the UPI interface that exploitation energy storage UP is carried by software is damp with PSASP
Stream calculation main program interacts.In example, added energy storage system capacity is 5WM h, and discharge and recharge maximum rate is 4WM, fills
Discharging efficiency is 0.8, and energy-storage system carries out action according to above-mentioned control strategy.In the example system wind power constant feelings of fluctuation
Under condition, add system frequency situation of change such as Fig. 4 after energy-storage system.From simulation result, after adding energy storage device, system by
It is 0.018Hz in the frequency departure maximum being produced by wind power fluctuation, compared with before energy storage device, system frequency deviation is notable
Reduce it was demonstrated that adding energy storage device to have obvious help for the improvement of frequency in power system.
4. energy storage device charge-discharge electric power improves impact to frequency
Energy storage device participates in system frequency and adjusts, and is fundamentally the translation realizing energy on space-time.In Practical Project, storage
The working condition of system often can switch between filling and putting, can't be in a certain state for a long time, therefore energy-storage system
Charge-discharge electric power just makes a significant impact on the regulating effect of frequency.Itself capacity of example system is less, added energy storage device
Capacity is also limited, therefore the impact to frequency regulating effect for the energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power is only discussed.Above-mentioned energy storage device participates in system
Energy-storage system power selected by system frequency regulation is 4WM, and after addition, system frequency deviation maximum is reduced to 0.018Hz, and electric power
System normal operating frequency tolerance amount is 0.02Hz, therefore makes system frequency difference already without improving energy storage charge-discharge electric power again
Reduce, the situation of change of when power reduce system frequency deviation is discussed below.When energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power is 3WM, obtain
To frequency departure situation such as Fig. 5.When energy-storage system charge-discharge electric power is 2WM, frequency departure situation such as Fig. 6.
General principle and principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel, it will be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, simply illustrate this described in above-described embodiment and specification
Bright principle, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Both fall within scope of the claimed invention with improvement, it is equivalent by appending claims for claimed scope
Thing defines.
Claims (4)
1. permeate the energy-storage system collocation method of power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation, participate in emphatically system
The exploitation of the energy storage UP that system frequency is adjusted, the principle of user program UP under application UPI environment, that is, PSASP/UPI groundwork is former
Reason and the interface principle of user program UP and PSASP main program, to stabilize wind power swing as target, set up concrete mathematical modulo
Type so that permeate the energy storage device of the energy-storage system collocation method of power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
The features such as can be easily achieved with its quick regulation power, control strategy, the frequency of power system after alleviation at high proportion wind power integration
In the application of rate problem more crucial it is characterised in that：The exploitation of the energy storage UP that described participation system frequency is adjusted includes UPI
The formulation of the application principle of user program UP, the exploitation of energy storage UP of participation system frequency regulation and energy storage control strategy under environment
Three aspect contents；Model used by the application principle of user program UP under UPI environment is：
UP：
PSASP/ST：
Under UPI environment, the exploitation of energy storage UP refers to permeate the energy storage of power grid frequency modulation demand towards high wind-powered electricity generation based on PSASP/UPI
' In System Reconfiguration Method realizes energy storage participation system frequency modulation function needs to write 3 UP (user program) program altogether, real respectively
Existing trend initial calculation, reading wind power fluctuation data, three functions of energy-storage system action；Wherein trend initial calculation is steady
State trend UP, remaining two is transient stability UP, and the setting rule of therefore interface is slightly different；The energy storage control strategy formulated
For：First energy storage device current state-of-charge SOC is judged, if SOC is in 10% to 90% interval, permission energy storage dress
Put action；Extensive in high wind-powered electricity generation infiltration electrical network add energy storage device, be fundamentally that to realize energy real-time in order to improve system
The ability of balance；Therefore, current storage need to be judged according to the maximum charge-discharge electric power of energy storage device and energy storage device maximum capacity
System whether can stabilize wind power fluctuation completely, then revise the actual electricity answering charge and discharge of energy-storage system accordingly.
2. the energy-storage system permeating power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation according to claim 1
Collocation method it is characterised in that：Energy storage frequency applied mathematical model under described UPI environment, referring to system frequency fluctuation is electric power
In system, supply and demand energy imbalance leads to the performance that form of energy changes, when surplus in energy, because power system needs
Keep the Real-time Balancing of energy supply and demand, remaining energy is accomplished by being converted into the kinetic energy of generator amature in system, be presented as and be
System frequency raises, and therefore, energy storage model can select directly to control frequency departure or be carried out by stabilizing wind power swing
Frequency is adjusted；To stabilize wind power swing as target, concrete mathematical model is as follows：
Object function：
Min Δ P=∑ PG+PW+PStorage-PL(9)
Constraints：
PStorage=VT·IT·cos θ (10)
X=F (X, Y, U) (11)
Y=G (X, Y, U) (12)
Xi.min≤Xi≤Xi.max(13)
Yi.min≤Yi≤Yi.max(14)
Ui.min≤Ui≤Ui.max(15)
Wherein：
The departure of active power in Δ P system
PGIn system, the active of generating set is exerted oneself
PWIn system, Wind turbines are always active exerts oneself
PStorageThe active power that in system, total load consumes
PLThe active power that in system, total load consumes
VTEnergy storage device access point node voltage amplitude
ITEnergy storage device is injected into the current amplitude in system
θ energy storage device access point node voltage phase angle
In PSASP multilayer output feedback network, outside injecting power needs, with the expression of Injection Current form, therefore, will store up in model
The output formula 10 of energy system represents；Node voltage vector therein needs to obtain after PSASP multilayer output feedback network terminates, therefore
Model Chinese style 11 and formula 12 represent Linear Network equation group and dynamic differential equation group in multilayer output feedback network；Formula 13 is to formula 15
It is multilayer output feedback network quantity of state and the constraint of control variables span；
P in object functionStorageCorresponding VTWith θ for carrying out in formula 11 and formula 12 solving in quantity of state in multilayer output feedback network
Partial amount；Control variables U in formula 11 and formula 12 by being converted the node Injection Current I obtaining by injecting power in formula 10T,
Therefore, according to energy storage UP development logic, above-mentioned model is arranged：
UP：
PSASP/ST：
In model, the complex differential equation that solves enters row operation by the program that PSASP carries, and this greatly reduces user
The exploitation amount of UP program, the method for solving simultaneously carrying in PSASP also ensure that the convergence of calculating.
3. the energy-storage system permeating power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation according to claim 1
Collocation method it is characterised in that：Under described UPI environment, the exploitation of energy storage UP refers to based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation
The energy-storage system collocation method of infiltration power grid frequency modulation demand realizes energy storage participation system frequency modulation function to be needed to write 3 UP altogether
(user program) program, realizes trend initial calculation respectively, reads in wind power fluctuation data, energy-storage system action three
Function；Wherein trend initial calculation is steady-state load flow UP, and remaining two is transient stability UP, and therefore the setting rule of interface is slightly
Different；For trend initial calculation UP (UP.dll), its function is with the power of wind-powered electricity generation fluctuation initial time as input quantity, calculates
Obtain initial steady-state load flow distribution, as the basis of subsequently temporarily steady calculating；In the description information of UP, due to UP do not need from
Variable, therefore input information is obtained, that is, UP.F1 is sky in PSASP；And UP needs for wind power initial value to be input to PSASP master
So as to carry out Load flow calculation in program, therefore UP.F2 wind power P；In the recalls information of PSASP, set wind power is noted
Entering bus is 3 buses that generate electricity, and UP title and numbering are set with program consistent；For energy storage action UP
(Storage.dll), its function is that to carry out charge and discharge by the energy storage control strategy setting electrically operated, be injected into wind energy turbine set be located female
Line；As analyzed in energy storage model, it can only be watt current and reactive current that PSASP temporarily surely calculates main program feedback quantity, because
This needs calculates active, reactive current that can be equivalent with energy storage power output；For the consideration to this, UP needs from main program
Middle acquirement power injection busbar voltage amplitude and phase angle, with calculating current, therefore UP.F1 is VTAnd θ；UP is anti-to PSASP main program
Feedback amount is the watt current and reactive current that equivalent energy storage is exerted oneself, and therefore UP.F2 is Injection Current ITGenerate real component ITR and
Idle component ITI；In the recalls information of PSASP, set wind power injection bus is generate electricity 3 buses, UP title and numbering
Set with program consistent；UP (Read.dll) is read in for wind power, is all with energy storage action UP (Storage.dll)
The setting selection of transient stability user-written subroutine, therefore its F1, F2 is identical, and both basic goals are to network injection
Power, so the F1 and F2 set amount of UP is consistent with the above, that is, UP.F1 is VTAnd θ, UP.F2 is Injection Current ITGenerate active point
Amount ITR and idle component ITI.
4. the energy-storage system permeating power grid frequency modulation demand based on PSASP/UPI towards high wind-powered electricity generation according to claim 1
Collocation method it is characterised in that：The formulation of described energy storage control strategy is as follows：
1) judge present battery state-of-charge SOC；
Table 1 battery charge state SOC decision table
2) if SOC is in 10% to 90% interval, with wind power output power average value PavrFor standard, weigh system active power
Deviation delta P positive and negative come to judge present apparatus need charge or discharge；
3) compare energy-storage system charge-discharge velocity and charge/discharge capacity limit and stabilize current undulate quantity desired rate and capacity is big
Little, determine energy storage discharge and recharge；
Wherein：
Δ P=Pwind.i-Pavr(7)
As Δ P ＞ 0, when that is, energy storage device needs to charge, control strategy such as table 2：
Table 2 energy-storage system charging process control strategy
Wherein：PS.CFor energy-storage system maximum charge power, SNFor energy-storage system rated capacity：
SS.C=(0.9-SOC) SN(8)
ΔP1=Δ P (10)
ΔP2=PS.C(11)
As Δ P ＜ 0, when that is, energy storage device needs electric discharge, control strategy such as table 3：
Table 3 energy storage system discharges control strategy
Wherein：PS.DFor energy-storage system maximum discharge power.
ΔP5=| Δ P | (14)
ΔP6=PS.D(15)
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