CN106450262B - A kind of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106450262B CN106450262B CN201610966701.XA CN201610966701A CN106450262B CN 106450262 B CN106450262 B CN 106450262B CN 201610966701 A CN201610966701 A CN 201610966701A CN 106450262 B CN106450262 B CN 106450262B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material and preparation method and application, preparing spherical SiO 2 is distributed in the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol and water, adds organic titanate, by above-mentioned 30 ~ 40 min of mixed solution magnetic agitation；In above-mentioned solution whipping process, acid is added dropwise in above-mentioned solution with acid buret, until forming gel；The dry presoma for forming black puffy；Presoma is placed in Muffle furnace and is calcined, SiO2@TiO2 core-shell structure is formed；SiO2@TiO2 core-shell structure is sufficiently mixed with lithium salts, calcining forms Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12；Li2SiO3 Li4Ti5O12 is dissolved in hot alkaline solution, the Li4Ti5O12 of hollow sphere pattern is formed.The lithium titanate of hollow sphere pattern has biggish specific surface area, and then the chemical property of material can be improved.Its specific discharge capacity is in 175 mAh/g or so, and after repeatedly recycling, capacitance loss also very little is demonstrated by stable cycle performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs a kind of preparation method of lithium cell negative pole material, negative more particularly to a kind of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate
Pole material and preparation method and application.
Background technique
With the rapid development of smaller, lighter and higher performance electronics and communication apparatus, people mention to for these equipment
The battery performance of power supply source especially proposes increasingly higher demands to specific energy.But the lithium-ion electric being commercialized at present
The specific capacity of pond and MH/Ni battery has been difficult to continue to improve.Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop the higher batteries of specific energy.Lithium from
Sub- secondary cell has been widely used for mobile communication, laptop, video camera, photograph as high-energy-density electrochmical power source
The fields such as machine, portable instrument, rapidly developing becomes one of currently the most important ones secondary cell.Lithium ion battery is as most
The green high-capacity battery of a new generation, develops rapidly in early 1990s, and lithium ion battery is because its voltage is high, energy
Density is high, have extended cycle life, the advantages that environmental pollution is small gains great popularity.Currently, commercialized lithium ion battery negative material is big
Majority uses carbon negative pole material, but there are some defects for carbon negative pole material: reacting in discharge process with electrolyte for the first time
Surface passivated membrane is formed, leads to the consumption of electrolyte and coulombic efficiency is lower for the first time；The electrode potential phase of carbon electrode and lithium metal
Closely, in battery overcharge, it would still be possible to can form dendrite in carbon electrodes precipitating metal lithium and cause short circuit, cause safety
Problem etc..Novel ion cathode material lithium is found to have become a hot topic of research.The lithium titanate of spinel-type is a kind of zero strain material
Material, good cycle, not with electrolyte reaction, charging/discharging voltage platform is relatively steady, safety is higher, it is cheap and compared with
It is easy preparation, is very promising power-type lithium ion battery negative electrode material.Meanwhile the material is there is also some disadvantages,
Li4Ti5O12Conductivity it is very low, almost insulate, the performance under high magnification is poor, if being applied to power car, large-scale energy-storage battery
Equal fields will be extremely limited.Thus, for Li4Ti5O12The disadvantage of material conductivity difference, improves its conductivity and height
The research of high rate performance is particularly important.Currently, common method of modifying is by its nanosizing, cladding or doping, with this
Tentatively to promote electrode performance.Prepare the Li of nanosizing4Ti5O12, the size of material granule is reduced, Li is shortened+Diffusion road
Diameter reduces Li+Diffusional resistance, slow down the purpose of electrode polarization, improve the chemical property of material with this, but nanometer
Change particle and is easy to happen reunion in charge and discharge process.As charge and discharge carry out process, the chemical property of material can decline.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of preparation method of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material of the present invention.It is empty
The lithium titanate of bulbus cordis pattern has biggish specific surface area, can come into full contact with electrolyte, further increase the electrochemistry of material
Performance.
A kind of preparation method of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material, which is characterized in that the specific steps of this method are as follows:
(1) 0.05 mol preparing spherical SiO 2 is distributed in the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol and water, adding 10 mL has
Machine titanate, by above-mentioned 30~40 min of mixed solution magnetic agitation；
(2) in above-mentioned solution whipping process, acid is added dropwise in above-mentioned solution with acid buret, until being formed solidifying
Glue；
(3) gel is put into convection oven in 200~240 DEG C dry 6~8 h, forms the presoma of black puffy；
(4) presoma is placed in 600~800 DEG C of calcinings in Muffle furnace, forms SiO2@TiO2Core-shell structure；
(5) by SiO2@TiO2Core-shell structure is sufficiently mixed with lithium salts, and 800~1000 DEG C of calcinings form Li2SiO3@
Li4Ti5O12；
(6) by Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12It is dissolved in hot alkaline solution, forms the Li of hollow sphere pattern4Ti5O12。
The organic titanate is one of butyl titanate, isopropyl titanate or combinations thereof.
The volume ratio of the water and ethyl alcohol is 1:(0.1~0.5).
The acidic materials are one of acetic acid, nitric acid or combinations thereof.
The lithium salts is lithium nitrate, lithium chloride, lithium acetate, lithium citrate, lithium oxalate, lithium formate, lithium lactate or isopropyl
One of lithium alkoxide or combinations thereof.
The thermokalite is one of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or combinations thereof.
A kind of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material, which is characterized in that be prepared according to any of the above-described the method.
A kind of application of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material as negative electrode of lithium titanate battery material.
The present invention hydrolyzes preparation titanium dioxide by sol-gal process using preparing spherical SiO 2 as core, using organic titanate
Titanium obtains SiO using titanium dioxide as shell2@TiO2, then Li obtained by lithiumation process2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12, then pass through thermokalite
Corrode silicate process, finally prepares the Li of hollow sphere pattern4Ti5O12, the lithium titanate of hollow sphere pattern, which has, biggish compares table
Area, and then the chemical property of material can be improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 1 Li of embodiment4Ti5O12The XRD diagram of material；
Fig. 2 is 2 Li of embodiment4Ti5O12The cycle life performance figure of material.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail by following specific example, but protection scope of the present invention is not only restricted to these
Examples of implementation.
Embodiment one:
0.05 mol preparing spherical SiO 2 is distributed in the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol and water, 10 mL metatitanic acids are added
Four butyl esters, by above-mentioned 30 min of mixed solution magnetic agitation；In above-mentioned solution whipping process, by acetic acid acid buret by
It is added dropwise in above-mentioned solution, until forming gel；Gel is put into convection oven in 240 DEG C dry 6 h, it is fluffy to form black
The presoma of shape；Presoma is placed in 700 DEG C of calcinings in Muffle furnace, forms SiO2@TiO2Core-shell structure；By SiO2@TiO2Core
Shell structure is sufficiently mixed with lithium acetate, and 800 DEG C of calcinings form Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12；By Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12It is dissolved in heat
In NaOH solution, the Li of hollow sphere pattern is formed4Ti5O12.Fig. 1 is hollow sphere Li4Ti5O12XRD diagram, synthetic product
Li4Ti5O12XRD scheme the position of each diffraction maximum and relative intensity matches with the standard card of Li4Ti5O12.
Embodiment two:
0.05 mol preparing spherical SiO 2 is distributed in the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol and water, 10 mL metatitanic acids are added
Isopropyl ester, by above-mentioned 30 min of mixed solution magnetic agitation；In above-mentioned solution whipping process, by nitric acid acid buret by
It is added dropwise in above-mentioned solution, until forming gel；Gel is put into convection oven in 240 DEG C dry 8 h, it is fluffy to form black
The presoma of shape；Presoma is placed in 600 DEG C of calcinings in Muffle furnace, forms SiO2@TiO2Core-shell structure；By SiO2@TiO2Core
Shell structure is sufficiently mixed with lithium nitrate, and 800 DEG C of calcinings form Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12；By Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12It is dissolved in heat
In NaOH solution, the Li of hollow sphere pattern is formed4Ti5O12.Fig. 2 is Li4Ti5O12Cycle life performance of the material under 1C multiplying power
Figure, as seen from the figure, discharge capacity is left from second of 175 mAh/g of stable discharging specific capacity for the first time up to 196 mAh/g when 1 C
The right side, after repeatedly recycling, capacitance loss also very little is demonstrated by stable cycle performance.
Embodiment three:
0.05 mol preparing spherical SiO 2 is distributed in the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol and water, 10 mL metatitanic acids are added
Four butyl esters, by above-mentioned 30 min of mixed solution magnetic agitation；In above-mentioned solution whipping process, by nitric acid acid buret by
It is added dropwise in above-mentioned solution, until forming gel；Gel is put into convection oven in 220 DEG C dry 8 h, it is fluffy to form black
The presoma of shape；Presoma is placed in 800 DEG C of calcinings in Muffle furnace, forms SiO2@TiO2Core-shell structure；By SiO2@TiO2Nucleocapsid
Structure is sufficiently mixed with lithium nitrate, and 800 DEG C of calcinings form Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12；By Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12It is dissolved in hot KOH
In solution, the Li of hollow sphere pattern is formed4Ti5O12。
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material, which is characterized in that the specific steps of this method are as follows:
(1) 0.05 mol preparing spherical SiO 2 is distributed in the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol and water, adds 10 mL organic titaniums
Hydrochlorate, 30 ~ 40 min of magnetic agitation；
(2) in above-mentioned solution whipping process, acid is added dropwise in above-mentioned solution with acid buret, until forming gel；
(3) gel is put into convection oven in 200 ~ 240 DEG C dry 6 ~ 8 h, forms the presoma of black puffy；
(4) presoma is placed in 600 ~ 800 DEG C of calcinings in Muffle furnace, forms SiO2@TiO2Core-shell structure；
(5) by SiO2@TiO2Core-shell structure is sufficiently mixed with lithium salts, and 800 ~ 1000 DEG C of calcinings form Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12；
(6) by Li2SiO3@Li4Ti5O12It is dissolved in hot alkaline solution, forms the Li of hollow sphere pattern4Ti5O12；
The organic titanate is one of butyl titanate, isopropyl titanate or combinations thereof；
The volume ratio of the water and ethyl alcohol is 1:(0.1 ~ 0.5)；
The acidic materials are one of acetic acid, nitric acid or combinations thereof；
The lithium salts is lithium nitrate, lithium chloride, lithium acetate, lithium citrate, lithium oxalate, lithium formate, lithium lactate or isopropyl lithium alkoxide
One of or combinations thereof；
The thermokalite is one of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or combinations thereof.
2. a kind of hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material, which is characterized in that be prepared method according to claim 1.
3. according to claim 2 hollow sphere pattern lithium titanate anode material in lithium titanate battery answering as negative electrode material
With.
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| CN108134075B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-04-24 | 三峡大学 | Sodium titanate microsphere and application thereof in sodium ion battery |
| CN112467096B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-09-23 | 安普瑞斯（南京）有限公司 | Negative electrode material, preparation method thereof, electrode and secondary battery |
| CN113193181B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-10-11 | 湖州杉杉新能源科技有限公司 | Pre-lithiated silica-oxygen composite material, precursor, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102522536A (en) * | 2011-12-17 | 2012-06-27 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Template synthesis method for lithium-ion anode material lithium titanate |
| CN103346299A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-09 | 上海大学 | In-situ etching method for preparing hollow tin-based oxide/carbon composite nano-material |
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| JP5000811B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2012-08-15 | チタン工業株式会社 | Lithium titanate powder and its use |
| US7968231B2 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2011-06-28 | U Chicago Argonne, Llc | Electrode materials and lithium battery systems |
| CN105261748A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Method for preparing negative electrode material mono-dispersed nano-crystalline lithium titanate by using nanometer microreactor |
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| CN102522536A (en) * | 2011-12-17 | 2012-06-27 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Template synthesis method for lithium-ion anode material lithium titanate |
| CN103346299A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-09 | 上海大学 | In-situ etching method for preparing hollow tin-based oxide/carbon composite nano-material |
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