CN106449682A - Method for reducing white pixel of backside CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor - Google Patents

Method for reducing white pixel of backside CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106449682A
CN106449682A CN201610884399.3A CN201610884399A CN106449682A CN 106449682 A CN106449682 A CN 106449682A CN 201610884399 A CN201610884399 A CN 201610884399A CN 106449682 A CN106449682 A CN 106449682A
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white pixel
cmos image
ultraviolet light
wafer
preset time
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CN106449682B (en
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蔡彬
范晓
陈昊瑜
王奇伟
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Shanghai Huali Microelectronics Corp
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Shanghai Huali Microelectronics Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/1462Coatings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/1464Back illuminated imager structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14643Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14683Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14683Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
    • H01L27/14685Process for coatings or optical elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for reducing a white pixel of a backside CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor. The method comprises the steps of accomplishing a technology of a pixel region of the CMOS image sensor on a wafer, depositing an interlayer dielectric layer on the surface of the pixel region, and performing at least one ultraviolet irradiation on the surface of the wafer after deposition of a protective layer of the wafer and before packaging of the wafer to reduce the white pixel of the backside CMOS image sensor. Therefore, the method achieves purposes of reducing dark current and reducing generation of the white pixel by removing trapped charge in a silicon nitride dielectric layer.

Description

A kind of method for reducing back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel
Technical field
The present invention relates to IC manufacturing field, more particularly to a kind of reduction back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel Method.
Background technology
Cmos image sensor relies on its low-power consumption, low cost, small size, can random read take, integrated level height etc. is a series of Advantage has become as the main product in imageing sensor market.Back-illuminated type complementary metal semiconductor image sensor (Backside Illuminated CMOS Image Sensor, BSI CIS) be under conditions of Pixel Dimensions constantly reduce, based on traditional Front illuminated type (Frontside Illuminated CMOS Image Sensor, FSI CIS) improved dot structure, its Great advantage is exactly that the metal line Wei Yu optical filter and photodiode region between and interlayer dielectric layer are moved to the another of chip Side, such light directly can inject photodiode region from " back side ", so as to be obviously improved quantum efficiency.
Refer to the pixel region structural representation of Fig. 1, Fig. 1 for CIS in prior art.As shown in figure 1, the complementary metal The dot structure of oxide-semiconductor devices, including substrate 10, epitaxial layer 20, SiO2Dielectric layer between interlayer dielectric layer 31, SiN layer 32nd, transfer pipe 40, photodiode 50 and clamper photodiode 60.Wherein, epitaxial layer 20, SiO231 He of interlayer dielectric layer Between SiN layer, dielectric layer 32 is formed on substrate 10;Photodiode 50 and clamper photodiode 60 are formed on epitaxial layer 20. Clamper photodiode 60 is formed on photodiode 50, SiO2Between interlayer dielectric layer 31 and SiN layer, dielectric layer 32 is formed at On whole CMOS device.
From the above, it is seen that being formed with the silicon chip of complementary metal oxide semiconductor device during flow Interlayer dielectric layer is generally needed, comprising the silicon nitride layer (SiN) for easily capturing electric charge in these interlayer dielectric layers.These quilts The accumulation of capture makes the depletion region of light sensitive diode expand to Si/SiO to changing internal electric field together2Interface, makes The clamper photodiode (Pinned Photodiode, referred to as PPPD) on wafer (Wafer) surface cannot isolated insulation layer with The interfacial state on wafer (Wafer) surface, causes light sensitive diode (Photodiode) also produce electricity under conditions of no light Stream, will produce the white point of a visible luminescent, and now other portions of pixel region when dark current is sufficiently high in regional area It is entirely dark to divide, and this pixel is referred to as white pixel.
The image quality of the generation strong influence device of white pixel, therefore, those skilled in the art are badly in need of finding one kind The method that capture electric charge in silicon nitride medium layer can be removed, so as to reduce dark current, reduces the generation of white pixel.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome problem above, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of side for reducing back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel Method, the method can remove the electric charge of capture in back-illuminated type complementary metal semiconductor image sensor dielectric layer, so as to reduce Dark current, reduces the generation of white pixel.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of method for reducing back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel, and which comprises the steps:
Step S1:After wafer completes the technique of cmos image sensor pixel region, the pixel region surface is deposited Interlayer dielectric layer;
Step S2:After the completion of wafer with protection layer deposition, and before the wafer level packaging, the crystal column surface is entered Capable ultraviolet light at least one times, to reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel.
Preferably, described ultraviolet light is that four times, step S2 is specifically included:
Step S21:First time ultraviolet light is carried out to the crystal column surface;
Step S22:After standing the first Preset Time of the wafer, second ultraviolet light is carried out to crystal column surface;
Step S23:After standing the second Preset Time of the wafer, third time ultraviolet light is carried out to crystal column surface;
Step S24:The 4th ultraviolet light is carried out after standing the 3rd Preset Time of the wafer to crystal column surface, to go Electric charge except capture in the interlayer dielectric layer.
Preferably, first Preset Time, the second Preset Time and the 3rd Preset Time are identical.
Preferably, described first Preset Time, the second Preset Time and the 3rd Preset Time.
Preferably, wavelength selected by the ultraviolet light is 280nm~330nm.
Preferably, the ultraviolet light ambient temperature is controlled to 110~180 DEG C.
Preferably, the ultraviolet light intensity controls in 210~270mv/cm2.
Preferably, the ultraviolet lighting time control is 480 seconds.
From technique scheme as can be seen that the side of the reduction back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel of present invention offer Method, which passes through ultraviolet light, and bound electric charge in interlayer dielectric layer in elimination cmos image sensor, so as to reduce CMOS The leakage current of imageing sensor, it is achieved that the reduction of white pixel.The method can reach following beneficial effect:
1., after, being irradiated to chip by ultraviolet light, the electric charge that captures in silicon nitride medium layer effectively removes, from And reduce the probability of dark current generation, make white pixel reduce 13% on the basis of existing;
2., this method can't affect chip full trap electric capacity (Full well while white pixel is reduced Capacity), the important parameter such as dark image inhomogeneities (dark image non-uniformity);
3., ultraviolet light is irradiated this method convenient and efficient to chip, with low cost, and whole flow process will not be produced Any impact of life.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet for forming device control gate in prior art
Fig. 2 reduces by one preferred embodiment of method of back-illuminated type complementary metal semiconductor image sensor white pixel for the present invention Schematic flow sheet
Fig. 3 be process improving before and after the horizontal contrast schematic diagram of white pixel
Specific embodiment
Embody feature of present invention to be described in the explanation of back segment in detail with the embodiment of advantage.It should be understood that the present invention Can be with various changes in different examples, which neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and therein explanation and be shown in Substantially regard purposes of discussion, and be not used to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by specific embodiment to the reduction back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel of the present invention Method is described in further detail.It should be noted that the problem that the present invention is solved is to remove capture electricity in silicon nitride medium layer The method of lotus, so as to reduce dark current, reduces the generation of white pixel.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are referred to for a kind of method for reducing back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel in the embodiment of the present invention Schematic flow sheet, as illustrated, the forming step of the method can include:
Step S1:After wafer completes the technique of cmos image sensor pixel region, between pixel region surface deposits Dielectric layer (equivalent to step S100 in Fig. 2).
It should be noted that generally, being formed with the silicon chip of complementary metal oxide semiconductor device during flow Heavy interlayer dielectric layer is generally needed.In an embodiment of the present invention, the cmos image sensor is partly led for back-illuminated type complementary metal Body imageing sensor, the structure can be as identical in Fig. 1, it is also possible to different, as long as partly leading complementary metal oxide is formed with The silicon chip of body device is deposited during flow interlayer dielectric layer, and the present invention can all be suitable for.
For example, as the structure in Fig. 1, it is formed on whole CMOS device with SiO2Interlayer Dielectric layer 32 between dielectric layer 31 and SiN layer, wherein, between SiN layer, dielectric layer 32 easily captures electric charge.
Step S2:After the completion of wafer with protection layer deposition, and before wafer level packaging, crystal column surface is carried out purple at least one times Outer light irradiation, to reduce the white pixel of back-illuminated cmos image sensors.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that ultraviolet light is irradiated to SiO due to having higher energy2Interlayer dielectric layer and SiN The electron hole pair being combined quickly can be produced after interlayer dielectric layer, because SiN has relatively low band gap, the electricity that great majority are not combined Sub- hole is being gathered in dielectric layer between SiN layer.Wherein, as electronics has higher mobility, so can shift quickly.
In the preferred embodiment, the selection of process conditions can be as follows:Wavelength selected by ultraviolet light be 280nm~ 330nm;Ultraviolet light ambient temperature is controlled to 110~180 DEG C;Ultraviolet light intensity controls in 210~270mv/cm2;Ultraviolet light It it is 480 seconds according to time control.
For obtaining more preferable effect, can between at regular intervals using ultraviolet light crystal column surface irradiate four times, specifically Ground, the first Preset Time, the second Preset Time and the 3rd Preset Time are typically identical, for example, in following preferably concrete realities Apply in example, the first Preset Time, the second Preset Time and the 3rd Preset Time can be set as 10 minutes.
I.e. step S2 can specifically include:
Step S21:First time ultraviolet light (equivalent to step S200 in Fig. 2) is carried out to crystal column surface;
Step S22:After standing the first Preset Time of wafer (for example, 10 minutes), crystal column surface is carried out ultraviolet for the second time Light irradiation (equivalent to step S210 in Fig. 2);
Step S23:After standing the second Preset Time of wafer (for example, 10 minutes), third time is carried out to crystal column surface ultraviolet Light irradiation (equivalent to step S220 in Fig. 2);
Step S24:Standing the 3rd Preset Time of wafer after (for example, 10 minutes), crystal column surface is carried out the 4th time ultraviolet Light irradiation, to remove the electric charge (equivalent to step S230 in Fig. 2) that captures in interlayer dielectric layer.
Fig. 3, Fig. 3 are referred to for the horizontal contrast schematic diagram of white pixel before and after process improving;As illustrated, #16 and #17 are Using the sample after ultraviolet lighting, compared with reference standard sample #1 and #2, the process effectively reduces white pixel and is about 13%.
Also, the present invention can't affect chip full trap electric capacity (Full well while white pixel is reduced Capacity), the important parameter such as dark image inhomogeneities (dark image non-uniformity).
Above content is only embodiments of the invention, and embodiment is simultaneously not used to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention, because The equivalent structure change made by the description and accompanying drawing content of this every utilization present invention, should be included in the guarantor of the present invention in the same manner In the range of shield.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step S1:After wafer completes the technique of cmos image sensor pixel region, between the pixel region surface deposits Dielectric layer;
Step S2:After the completion of wafer with protection layer deposition, and before the wafer level packaging, the crystal column surface is carried out to A few ultraviolet light, to reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel.
2. according to claim 1 reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel method, it is characterised in that described Ultraviolet light be four times, step S2 is specifically included:
Step S21:First time ultraviolet light is carried out to the crystal column surface;
Step S22:After standing the first Preset Time of the wafer, second ultraviolet light is carried out to crystal column surface;
Step S23:After standing the second Preset Time of the wafer, third time ultraviolet light is carried out to crystal column surface;
Step S24:The 4th ultraviolet light is carried out after standing the 3rd Preset Time of the wafer to crystal column surface, to remove State the electric charge of capture in interlayer dielectric layer.
3. according to claim 2 reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel method, it is characterised in that described First Preset Time, the second Preset Time and the 3rd Preset Time are identical.
4. according to claim 3 back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel is reduced, it is characterised in that described first Preset Time, the second Preset Time and the 3rd Preset Time are 10 minutes.
5. according to claim 1 reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel method, it is characterised in that described Wavelength selected by ultraviolet light is 280nm~330nm.
6. according to claim 1 reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel method, it is characterised in that described Ultraviolet light ambient temperature is controlled to 110~180 DEG C.
7. according to claim 1 reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel method, it is characterised in that described Ultraviolet light intensity controls in 210~270mv/cm2.
8. according to claim 1 reduce back-illuminated cmos image sensors white pixel method, it is characterised in that described Ultraviolet lighting time control is 480s.
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Cited By (2)

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CN109300773A (en) * 2018-08-15 2019-02-01 上海华力集成电路制造有限公司 The surface treatment method of wafer
CN114155238A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-08 上海集成电路装备材料产业创新中心有限公司 Method, apparatus, device and medium for analyzing white pixel distribution of image sensor

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CN103824868A (en) * 2014-03-06 2014-05-28 上海华虹宏力半导体制造有限公司 CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor) image sensor and manufacturing method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109300773A (en) * 2018-08-15 2019-02-01 上海华力集成电路制造有限公司 The surface treatment method of wafer
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CN114155238A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-08 上海集成电路装备材料产业创新中心有限公司 Method, apparatus, device and medium for analyzing white pixel distribution of image sensor
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