CN106447047A - Obsolete machine tool remanufacturing quality evaluation method - Google Patents
Obsolete machine tool remanufacturing quality evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an obsolete machine tool remanufacturing quality evaluation method, and mainly solves the problems that remanufacturing quality evaluation is difficult due to the fact that the quality and the service condition of an obsolete machine tool are uncertain. The remanufacturing quality evaluation indicator system of the obsolete machine tool is comprehensively and systematically constructed from the aspects of technical, economic, environment-friendly and comprehensive performance improvement. The evaluation method based on combination of the order relation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is put forward based on the system so that quantitatively and qualitatively combined remanufacturing quality evaluation can be realized, the problems that the existing evolution method is high in subjectivity and complex in computational process and then low in evaluation efficiency and poor in accuracy can be solved, and thus the remanufacturing quality evaluation result of the obsolete machine tool is enabled to be more objective and reasonable and meet the actual situation of remanufacturing engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates under a kind of assessment method remanufacturing quality index, especially evaluation index condition of uncertainty again
The assessment method of workmanship index.
Technical background
Waste machine tool is a kind of typical worn-out machine tools, has high recovery value, and lathe remanufactures achievable
Equipment and materials resource circulation utilization rate be 80% about, lathe efficiency lifted average out to 20% about, it is possible to decrease noise 10% with
On, the site environment disposal of pollutants such as mist of oil, greasy dirt, dust reduces more than 90%.China's lathe recoverable amount the first in the world, reaches
More than 800 ten thousand, more than 10 years, machine tooling performance and the level of IT application are relatively backward, not for the validity period of more than 60% lathe
Carry out large quantities of lathes in 10 years to scrap or eliminate.
The raw material that lathe remanufactures is the lathe scrapped, due to its source, material, applying working condition, parts residue longevity
Life etc. has uncertainty and randomness, once it can be remanufactured, and attributive judgment is inaccurate, impact is made to this product again
The quality making product and the economy remanufacturing.Therefore, needed before formulation remanufactures plan to Waste machine tool or its zero
Part carries out remanufacturing qualitative attribute assessment.
Content of the invention
The present invention effectively overcomes the shortcomings of conventional evaluation methodology, there is provided a kind of Waste machine tool evaluation index is uncertain to be commented
Determine method, remanufacturing attribute for Waste machine tool provides accurately judgement, reduces the uncertainty remanufacturing it is ensured that lathe remanufactures
Security performance, the final satisfaction improving client.
The present invention is achieved in that the fuzzy synthetic appraisement method step based on G1 method is as follows：
Step 1：Determine that Waste machine tool remanufactures comprehensive fuzzy evaluation index collection U：
When being evaluated, the index of evaluation comprises m one-level evaluation index, then set up corresponding first class index collection U=
(U1, U2..., Um)；Then two-level appraisement index set is U1, U2..., Um, each two-level appraisement index can be collectively expressed as Ui=
(uij), i=1,2 ..., m；Depending on two-level appraisement index according to contained by each one-level evaluation index for the span of j.
Step 2：Determine Comment gathers V：
Comment gathers are the set that estimator remanufactures the various evaluation results that may make to Waste machine tool, are represented with V, note
Make V=(V1, V2..., VK).And corresponding fraction is given to all of comment in Comment gathers V, obtain score value vector C=(C1,
C2..., CK).Specific grade can be described according to the suitable language of evaluation content, such as V=strong, in, weak }, V=it is good,
Preferably, typically, poor, poor etc..
Step 3：Determine the order relation between evaluation index
Step 4：Provide the ratio r of relative importance between adjacent evaluation indexkValue
Step 5：The weight coefficient w of Calculation Estimation indexk
The calculating of weight includes also including each one-level evaluation index to the weight distribution calculating between one-level evaluation index
The two-level appraisement index being comprised, the weight distribution of three-level evaluation index calculate.
Step 6：Determine degree of membership and set up Evaluations matrix R
Firstly the need of the corresponding degree of membership determining evaluation index, then construct Evaluations matrix R.To each rank evaluation index
Set up Evaluations matrix, its line number is equal to evaluation index number, columns is equal to opinion rating quantity.
Step 7：Set up one-level comprehensive evaluation result
Weight w according to certain one-level evaluation indexiWith Evaluations matrix Ri, carry out fuzzy operation,
Bi=wi·Ri(5)
And the result after calculating is carried out standardization processing and can get evaluation result Bi.
Step 8：Calculate comprehensive evaluation result and carry out quantification process
The one-level evaluation index construction comprehensive evaluation result matrix B being obtained by previous step, and obtained finally by formula (5)
Comprehensive evaluation result, and then enter row operation with the score value vector C of Comment gathers, and then obtain quantized result F.
F=B CT(6)
Brief description
Fig. 1 remanufactures assessment indicator system for Waste machine tool
Fig. 2 is membership function
Specific embodiment
Step 1：Determine that Waste machine tool remanufactures comprehensive fuzzy evaluation index collection U：
When being evaluated, the index of evaluation comprises m one-level evaluation index, then set up corresponding first class index collection U=
(U1, U2..., Um)；Then two-level appraisement index set is U1, U2..., Um, each two-level appraisement index can be collectively expressed as Ui=
(uij), i=1,2 ..., m；Depending on two-level appraisement index according to contained by each one-level evaluation index for the span of j.
Step 2：Determine Comment gathers V：
Comment gathers are the set that estimator remanufactures the various evaluation results that may make to Waste machine tool, are represented with V, note
Make V=(V1, V2..., VK).And corresponding fraction is given to all of comment in Comment gathers V, obtain score value vector C=(C1,
C2..., CK).Specific grade can be described according to the suitable language of evaluation content, such as V=strong, in, weak }, V=it is good,
Preferably, typically, poor, poor etc..
Step 3：Determine the order relation between evaluation index
Step 4：Provide the ratio r of relative importance between adjacent evaluation indexkValue
Step 5：The weight coefficient w of Calculation Estimation indexk
The calculating of weight includes also including each one-level evaluation index to the weight distribution calculating between one-level evaluation index
The two-level appraisement index being comprised, the weight distribution of three-level evaluation index calculate.
Step 6：Determine degree of membership and set up Evaluations matrix R
Firstly the need of the corresponding degree of membership determining evaluation index, then construct Evaluations matrix R.To each rank evaluation index
Set up Evaluations matrix, its line number is equal to evaluation index number, columns is equal to opinion rating quantity.
Step 7：Set up one-level comprehensive evaluation result
Weight w according to certain one-level evaluation indexiWith Evaluations matrix Ri, carry out fuzzy operation,
Bi=wi·Ri(5)
And the result after calculating is carried out standardization processing and can get evaluation result Bi.
Step 8：Calculate comprehensive evaluation result and carry out quantification process
The one-level evaluation index construction comprehensive evaluation result matrix B being obtained by previous step, and obtained finally by formula (5)
Comprehensive evaluation result, and then carry out into row operation with the score value vector C of Comment gathers, and then obtain quantized result F.
F=B CT(6)
Below taking TPX6113 model as a example, describe the method assessed in detail
The whole machine of Waste machine tool can remanufacture quality assessment data, as shown in table 2.
The whole machine of table 2 Waste machine tool can remanufacture quality assessment data
Each evaluation criterion weight be can determine that to formula (5) by formula (1), as shown in table 3.
Table 3 evaluation criterion weight at different levels
For qualitative index, by evaluation personnel corresponding qualitative index practical situation according to very good, fine, good,
In, differ from five grades and voted；Quantitative target, according to the actual data of corresponding qualitative index, according to being subordinate to letter accordingly
Number calculate they be belonging respectively to very good, fine, good, in, differ from the corresponding degree of membership of 5 grades.
(1) for qualitative index, by evaluation personnel, qualitative index is voted, then the result of ballot is collected.
For example, qualitative index collection UiIn index uijObtain comment V1, V2, V3, V4, V5Number of times be respectively time V1ij, V2ij, V3ij, V4ij,
V5ij, so uijFor Comment gathers V1, V2, V3, V4, V5Corresponding degree of membership be r1ij, r2ij, r3ij, r4ij, r5ij, andThis qualitative index UiFuzzy matrix for assessment be：
Wherein
Voting results for each qualitative index in resultant performance enhancements index are as shown in the table.Only with precision improvement index
The example that is defined as of Evaluations matrix states calculating process.
Table 4 precision improvement each qualitative index gained vote result table
Then fuzzy matrix for assessment R41For：
Numerical control transformation and man-machine friendly design fuzzy evaluating matrix R can be obtained in the same manner42And R43It is respectively：
(2) for quantitative target, can pass through to build fuzzy membership functions by evaluation personnel, determine it to Comment gathers V=
(V1, V2, V3, V4, V5) degree of membership.By evaluation personnel set up corresponding Comment gathers V=(very good, very well, good, in, poor)=
{ >=0.75,0.55 0.75,0.3 0.55,0.15 0.35 ,≤0.15 }, maximum is 0.95, and minima is 0.Use y respectively1,
y2, y3, y4, y5Represent the degree of membership to five grades in Comment gathers V for the index respectively.Build corresponding membership function such as Fig. 2 institute
Show：
Membership function is accordingly：
Dismounting property index corresponding dismounting index μdFor 0.22, then μdBelong to degree Y of " very good " in Comment gathers V1
X () is 0；Belong to degree Y of " fine " in Comment gathers V2X () is 0；Belong to degree Y of " good " in Comment gathers V3X () is 0；But
Belong in comment V " in " degree Y4X () is：
Belong to degree Y of " poor " in Comment gathers V5X () is：
Dismounting property index μdMembership Vestor with respect to Comment gathers V：R11=(0,0,0,0.35,0.65) ° and for other
Quantitative target, it would however also be possible to employ identical method obtains their corresponding Membership Vestors for Comment gathers V.
Cleaning index (μc) Membership Vestor R12=(0,0,0,0.10,0.90)；
Detection property index (μt) Membership Vestor R13=(0,0,0,0.60,0.40)；
Re-workability index (μr) Membership Vestor R14=(1,0,0,0,0)；
Reassembling property index (μra) Membership Vestor R15=(0,0,0,0.10,0.90)；
Economic index (μe) Membership Vestor R2=(0,0.74,0.24,0,0)；
Energy conservation index (μec) Membership Vestor R31=(0.25,0.75,0,0,0)；
Resources conservation index (μrs) Membership Vestor R32=(0.9,0.1,0,0,0)；
Environmental impact indicators (μwa) Membership Vestor R33=(1,0,0,0,0).
Next step is fuzzy composition：
Single factor evaluation is carried out first for this Product Quality Evaluation system, then carries out fuzzy overall evaluation.Fuzzy conjunction
Mainly according to formula during one-tenth：Bi=wi·RiCarry out.
In the same manner：
B42=w42·R42=[0.4029 0.2387 0.2764 0.0526 0.0294]
B43=w43·R43=[0.5877 0.2614 0.1327 0.0155 0]
Then have：
Overall merit
According to above calculation procedure, calculate in the same manner：
B1=(0.278 00 0.174 0.548)
B2=(0 0.76 0.24 0 0)
B3=(0.718 0.282 00 0)
With according to technical, economy, green, resultant performance enhancements the index weights that above calculate, and one-level is commented
Valency index comprehensive evaluation matrix of consequence B=[B1B2B3B4]TCan obtain：
V=(very good, very well, good, in, poor) representated by concrete score value be (95,85,75,65,50)
Then final quantitative assessment result：
Result of calculation shows：The remanufactured qualitative attribute of TPX6113 boring machine is " good ", shows that this lathe has well
Remanufacturability.This is remanufactured with this lathe, and reality is basically identical, thus proving that the Waste machine tool building herein can remanufacture
Quality evaluation system, the effectiveness of evaluation methodology proposing, feasibility.
More than, the preferred embodiments of the only present invention, the protection of the present invention is not limited to that, any is familiar with the art
Technical staff the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in, all cover the guarantor in the present invention
In the range of shield.Therefore protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope that claim is defined.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Waste machine tool can remanufacture quality evaluating method it is characterised in that the method is from technical, economy, green
Property, the aspect such as resultant performance enhancements, construct Waste machine tool and can remanufacture Evaluation System, comprehensively, system cover useless
Old lathe needs the factor considering during remanufacturing, and gives intension and the computational methods of each evaluation index.Waste and old machine
Bed can remanufacture Evaluation System and mainly include：
(1) technical performance analysis
1. dismounting property analysis
Due to the difference of product, the difference of part, the difference of connector, the difference of equipment, the difference of technique, it is difficult to find one
The index of general character, therefore weighs dismounting using the time.
nd：For dismantling number of components；tdFor the preferable part take-down time.
2. cleaning analysis
Cleaning is the process removing the residue that other are unfavorable for remanufacturing on part.The residue of component surface include oil,
Rust, spot, dust etc., according to the property of different residues, mainly have and blow, wipe, wash and bakee four kinds of cleaning methods.Due to four
The investment of the method for kind is different and relative importance can be with quantificational expression, can be with the phase of incidence matrix calculating cleaning method
To significance level.And the minimum cleaning method of significance level is set to 1, and then obtain the scoring of other cleaning methods.
All kinds of cleaning way synthetic evaluation matrix of table 1
In upper table, the significance level of two methods is divided into five grades, and that is, 1,3,5,1/3,1/5；Represent row with respect to row respectively
Method put into as many, put into many, put into much bigger, less investment, input much less.
In formula：scleaningFor actual cleaning score；nideal× 1 is preferable cleaning fraction.
3. detection property analysis
Piece test μT：Because the material of part is different, different with equipment using process, so when adopting average detected
Between evaluating.
In formula：ntestFor detecting number of components；tidealtestFor single part ideal detection time；tactualtesFor actually detected total when
Between.
4. re-workability analysis
The economy that lathe remanufactures depends primarily on the reuse ratio of Waste machine tool parts, and therefore waste and old parts have relatively
The good economy that can significantly improve lathe in processability.
Reprocessing index μr：
5. refill distributive analysis
The index analysis of reassembling property are similar to the analysis of dismounting property.
nra：For Assembly part number；traFor preferable part installation time.
(2) Economic feasibility target analysis
1. lathe cost recovery C1：
Refer to lathe and remanufacture the recovery cost that enterprise obtains retired lathe from client or market, the cost recovery of Waste machine tool is main
Purchase C including Waste machine tool11With freight C12
C1=C11+C12
2.. remanufacture cost C2：
The expense that remanufactures mainly includes：Remanufacture working hour expense C21, outsourcing piece renewal cost C22, remanufacture process consumptive material expense C23、
Scrap parts processing cost C24.
C2=C21+C22+C23+C24
3. performance boost cost C3：
Refer to lathe be carried out with the expense required for performance upgrade according to remanufacturing Machine Tool design requirement.The main purchase safety that includes is prevented
Shield facility expense C31, NC postprocessing upgrade cost C32, man-machine interaction improvement expenses C33, high precision part produce or buying expenses C34.
C3=C31+C32+C33+C34
4. comprehensive cost C4：
Mainly there is tax C41, factory management C42, design with selling charges C43.
C4=C41+C42+C43
5. profit norm R1：
Refer to enterprise in Rebuilding engineering and obtain income.Parts MAT'L recycling income R is scrapped in main inclusion11, parts fall
Rank uses income R12, remanufacture lathe sale proceeds R13
R1=R11+R12+R13
Remanufacture lathe net profit P1For：
P1=R1-C1-C2-C3-C4
Machine tool net profit P2For：
P2=R2-C2
In formula：R2For machine tool sale proceeds；C2For machine tool manufacturing cost.
Remanufacture lathe economic index μe：
In formula, λ is correction factor (taking 2.5).
(3) green performance analysis
1. energy conservation
Typically weighed with the reuse rate of waste and old lathe, that is, waste and old lathe reuses the ratio of component weight and waste and old lathe gross weight.
Reuse rate μ of resource index latheecTo weigh.
In formula：WRReuse the quality of part, W for latheMFor waste and old lathe initial weight.
2. resources conservation：
During remanufacturing, the parts of use are divided into and can directly reuse parts, remanufacture parts, new parts.Its
In, directly reusing parts does not have energy resource consumption；The consumption of new parts is identical with original manufacture with discharge；Remanufacture parts
Consume certain energy during repairing.It is Environmental also inconsistent that different energy resource consumptions is reacted, and the various energy are converted into
Standard
In formula:NiFor remanufacturing the consumption of i-th kind of energy；MjConsumption for the manufacture process jth kind energy；N is to remanufacture
Number of components；M is part sum；E is energy conversion factor.
3. environmental effect
Remanufacture the pollutant emission evaluation of process, the pollutant row manufacturing with the decrement remanufacturing pollutant emission with new product
Ratio high-volume is weighing.Certain parts pollutant emission index：
In formula：μwaFor pollutant emission index, QwaManufacture pollutant emission, Q for new productRwaFor remanufacturing pollutant emission, wiFor
I-th kind of pollutant effects weight.
(4) resultant performance enhancements performance analysis
1. accuracy enhancement：
Remanufacture vector A={ main shaft precision, guide precision, transmission accuracy, the positioning accurate that the desired value of machine tool accuracy is constituted
Degree, machining accuracy }, it is { very well, good, typically, poor, very poor } that accuracy class comment constitutes Comment gathers, corresponding numerical value for a, b, c,
D, e }.
2. numerical control transformation
Due to the restriction of Waste machine tool size and structure, and user requires, and part lathe is difficult to carry out numerical control transformation, therefore
Evaluate numerical control transformation index from expert meeting method.Remanufacture the vector A=that the desired value of milling machine numerical control transformation is constituted
{ digital control system is chosen, and drive mechanism improves, and control accuracy is lifted, and auxiliary device is chosen }, it is { very that grade comment constitutes Comment gathers
Good, good, typically, poor, very poor, corresponding numerical value is { a, b, c, d, e }.
3. man-machine friendly design
The man-machine friendly design remanufacturing lathe is mainly manifested in lathe Color Scheme, Control panel design, machine tool structure cloth
Three aspects such as office's reasonability.
Remanufacture lathe man-machine friendly desired value composition vector with A=lathe bed color, topology layout, operating board height, behaviour
Prosecutor formula selects, control panel layout, security protection }, it is { very well, good, typically, poor, very poor } that grade comment constitutes Comment gathers,
Corresponding numerical value is { a, b, c, d, e }.
2. a kind of Waste machine tool remanufactures quality evaluating method it is characterised in that also including commenting with fuzzy synthesis based on order relation
The remanufactured quality evaluating method that valency combines, the method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Determine that Waste machine tool remanufactures comprehensive fuzzy evaluation index collection U：
When being evaluated, the index of evaluation comprises m one-level evaluation index, then set up corresponding first class index collection U=(U1,
U2..., Um)；Then two-level appraisement index set is U1, U2..., Um, each two-level appraisement index can be collectively expressed as Ui=(uij), i
=1,2 ..., m；Depending on two-level appraisement index according to contained by each one-level evaluation index for the span of j.
Step 2：Determine Comment gathers V：
Comment gathers are the set that estimator remanufactures the various evaluation results that may make to Waste machine tool, are represented with V, are denoted as V
=(V1, V2..., VK).And corresponding fraction is given to all of comment in Comment gathers V, obtain score value vector C=(C1,
C2..., CK).Specific grade can be described according to the suitable language of evaluation content, such as V=strong, in, weak }, V=
Good, preferably, typically, poor, poor etc..
Step 3：Determine the order relation between evaluation index
Step 4：Provide the ratio r of relative importance between adjacent evaluation indexkValue
Step 5：The weight coefficient w of Calculation Estimation indexk
The calculating of weight includes the weight distribution between one-level evaluation index is calculated and also includes each one-level evaluation index and wrapped
The two-level appraisement index containing, the weight distribution of three-level evaluation index calculate.
Step 6：Determine degree of membership and set up Evaluations matrix R
Firstly the need of the corresponding degree of membership determining evaluation index, then construct Evaluations matrix R.Each rank evaluation index is set up
Evaluations matrix, its line number is equal to evaluation index number, and columns is equal to opinion rating quantity.
Step 7：Set up one-level comprehensive evaluation result
Weight w according to certain one-level evaluation indexiWith Evaluations matrix Ri, carry out fuzzy operation,
Bi=Wi·Ri(5)
And the result after calculating is carried out standardization processing and can get evaluation result Bi.
Step 8：Calculate comprehensive evaluation result and carry out quantification process
The one-level evaluation index construction comprehensive evaluation result matrix B being obtained by previous step, and final synthesis is obtained by formula (5)
Evaluation result, and then enter row operation with the score value vector C of Comment gathers, and then obtain quantized result F.
F=B CT(6).
3. Waste machine tool according to claims 2 remanufactures method for evaluating quality it is characterised in that method used is sequence
Relation analysis, can effectively overcome the shortcomings of conventional evaluation methodology.
4. Waste machine tool according to claims 2 remanufactures method for evaluating quality it is characterised in that phase given by step 4
The ratio r of relative importance between adjacent evaluation indexkValue.
5. Waste machine tool according to claims 2 remanufactures method for evaluating quality it is characterised in that what step 5 was calculated
The weight coefficient w of evaluation indexk.
6. Waste machine tool according to claims 2 remanufacture method for evaluating quality it is characterised in that in step 6 determine
Degree of membership and set up Evaluations matrix R.
7. Waste machine tool according to claims 2 remanufacture method for evaluating quality it is characterised in that in step 8 determine
Final comprehensive evaluation result F.
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