CN106446987B - Museum objects intelligent management system and method based on Internet of Things and interior GIS - Google Patents
Museum objects intelligent management system and method based on Internet of Things and interior GIS Download PDFInfo
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- CN106446987B CN106446987B CN201610800944.6A CN201610800944A CN106446987B CN 106446987 B CN106446987 B CN 106446987B CN 201610800944 A CN201610800944 A CN 201610800944A CN 106446987 B CN106446987 B CN 106446987B
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
- G01C21/206—Instruments for performing navigational calculations specially adapted for indoor navigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of museum objects intelligent management system and method based on Internet of Things and interior GIS, system includes system management platform, data warehouse, RFID label tag, museum environment factor sensor, mobile terminal and GIS Vector Electronic Map；The setting of museum environment factor sensor is arranged on museum objects in museum objects periphery, RFID label tag；Museum environment factor sensor is used to acquire the environmental information of museum objects, and environmental information is sent into system management platform, is stored in data warehouse；Mobile terminal obtains museum objects information by reading RFID label tag；GIS Vector Electronic Map, combined data warehouse carry out digitization management, update, maintenance to the geographical location of museum interior building structure, organization's distribution and various collections, space layout, realize the location navigation function in museum.The present invention improves the service management ability in museum, improves the working efficiency of administrative staff.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent management technical field, it is related to a kind of museum objects intelligent management system and method, especially
It is related to a kind of Intelligent museum collection management system and method based on Internet of Things and interior GIS.
Background technique
Museum has collection keeping, display research, communication and education function, and the activities in museum are all around historical relic
Come carry out.By collection, protection, research, the displaying to historical relic, its history, science and artistic value for containing is excavated, is rich
One of the core work in object shop.Therefore, the height of collection management level directly affects the development of museum's Activities, determines
The performance of museum's Social benefit and economic benefit, play the role of in Works of Museums very important.As the modern times are rich
How the fast development of object shop cause realizes that intelligent management scientific and effective to collection in kind becomes more and more important research class
Topic.
The Radio Frequency Identification Technology (RFID) to grow up in recent years, without contact, without optical visible, fast and accurately
The features such as read-write, makes to realize that museum objects intelligent management becomes possible.In current museum objects RFID management system
In, predominantly such a scheme: the system includes electronic tag, hand-held set, server three parts.Electronic tag generally uses
The modes such as patch, extension and collection are fixed together, wherein storing some information of historical relic, identify for collection.It is filled in hand-held set
There is reader, electronic tag can be written and read.Server then stores the information of all collections in shop.The work of the system
Process are as follows: before collection enters shop, first typing information to electronic tag is scanned collection label into exhibition regional time's system；Hiding
Product it is each change will scanning Jing Guo system, each scanning information all input databases form label and collection uniquely
Corresponding relationship.Administrator holds that RFID reader (with full items database information) makes the circuit of in Zang Guan can be by collection
It checks clear.The program realizes the information system management of museum objects to a certain extent, but also has clearly disadvantageous place:
1) program focuses on input, processing and the management of collection resource itself, has almost bypassed spatial geographic information related with collection.
Museum has space and geographical form as the entity of collection collection exhibition, and collection also has in addition to possessing respective attribute information
Spatial information relevant to museum's geographical coordinate, thus collection resource placement mixed in length and breadth is formd in museum, intelligence
The collection management system of energyization is not only managed the attribute information of collection, it is also necessary to accomplish to hiding leather hose reason in space bit
It sets related information effectively to be managed, reaches visualization and intuitive effect, and simultaneously by location information, navigation information etc.
It is shown in user interface, realizes the retrieval and extraction of information resources.2) management of collection should also include locating for each historical relic
The real time monitoring of environmental information, such as temperature, humidity, illumination, air regime；These are most important to the protection of collection, still
Collection management system currently based on RFID is only the isolated system of a self attributes information management to collection, not
Have and sensor network system, video monitoring system and the departmental staff in the museum management system etc. in the management of entire museum objects
Other systems effectively cooperate, and management comprehensive is poor.3) according to frequency used in RFID system point, RFID system can divide
For low frequency, high frequency and ultra-wideband systems.Ultrahigh frequency RFID system identification distance is remote, and recognition speed is fast, and can penetrate barrier knowledge
Not, but there is metal etc. that can lead its work in media environment it will receive interference, only rely on RFID technique at this time and pipe is carried out to collection
Reason is infeasible.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention merges RFID technique, sensing network technology and indoor GIS technology, one kind is proposed
Integrate the museums based on technology of Internet of things and interior GIS of mobile management terminal Yu net background information management system
Product intelligent management system and method.
Technical solution used by system of the invention is: a kind of museum objects intelligence based on Internet of Things and interior GIS
Energy management system, it is characterised in that: including system management platform, data warehouse, RFID label tag, museum environment factor sensing
Device, mobile terminal and GIS Vector Electronic Map；
On museum objects periphery, the RFID label tag is arranged in museum for the museum environment factor sensor setting
On collection；The museum environment factor sensor is used to acquire the environmental informations of museum objects, and by the environmental information
It is sent into the system management platform, is stored in the data warehouse；The mobile terminal is obtained by reading the RFID label tag
Take museum objects information；
The GIS Vector Electronic Map, combined data warehouse to museum interior building structure, organization distribution and
The geographical location of various collections, space layout carry out digitization management, update, maintenance, realize the location navigation function in museum
Energy.
Preferably, the data warehouse includes collection information database, collection activity trajectory database, facility resource number
Database, geospatial database, video monitoring data library, librarian's data Kuku, archive database are observed according to library, sensor,
Each data information contacts interactive news using loose couplings are followed.
Preferably, the museum environment factor sensor includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, optical sensor, picture collection
Sensor, atmosphere anion sensors, Atmospheric particulates sensor.
Preferably, the mobile terminal includes file administration unit, warehousing management unit, forewarning management unit, interior
Map display unit, information query unit, System Management Unit, work management unit.
Preferably, the system management platform uses B/S framework, using SSH frame；The mobile terminal uses C/S
Framework；The system management platform realizes collection storage environment real-time perception by the museum environment factor sensor, together
GIS Vector Electronic Map described in Shi Liyong realizes that collection positions in real time, map is shown online and navigation path planning；The movement
Terminal calls bluetooth connection interface and read head carries out RFID tag data read-write and collection information is transmitted, and uses HTTP POST
Method and the system management platform transmit collection information.
Technical solution used by method of the invention is: a kind of museum objects intelligence based on Internet of Things and interior GIS
Energy management method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: constructing registration collection essential information in mobile terminal；
Step 2: registering collection to system management platform online；
Step 3: moving into or move out historical relic in the indoor map display module opsition dependent of mobile terminal；
Step 4: museum environment factor sensor monitors collection storage environment Intellisense；
Step 5: showing abnormal collection position in GIS Vector Electronic Map in mobile terminal room and generate guidance path.
Preferably, the specific implementation of step 1 includes following sub-step:
Step 1.1: the mobile terminal calls bluetooth connection interface and read head to read the sequence number of RFID label tag；
Step 1.2: building collection attribute information, including collection title, collection classification, collection age, the collection place of production, ownership
Museum, associated sensor title, associated sensor ID, sensor threshold values, association camera ID, collection storage position.
Preferably, the specific implementation of step 2 includes following sub-step:
Step 2.1: writing information into RFID label tag；
Step 2.2: sending collection data registration request to system management platform, online registration collection information.
Preferably, the specific implementation of step 3 includes following sub-step:
Step 3.1: on the GIS Vector Electronic Map display module of mobile terminal, all registered collections are aobvious in shop
Show on GIS Vector Electronic Map interface；
Step 3.2: the collection that current Bluetooth is read is judged according to collection Icon Color difference；
Step 3.3: clicking and generate path button, collection is generated in GIS Vector Electronic Map and enters shop or the out migration in shop
Path.
Preferably, the specific implementation of step 4 includes following sub-step:
Step 4.1: museum environment factor sensor is sent to system management platform for data are observed；
Step 4.2: system management platform will observe data storage to data warehouse, and the threshold values that will observe data and setting
It is compared；
Step 4.3: if observation data exception, system management platform sends exception information to mobile terminal；
Step 4.4: after mobile terminal receives exception information, generating vibration and alarm.
Preferably, the specific implementation of step 5 includes following sub-step:
Step 5.1: showing collection in the distributing position in each exhibition room and warehouse by GIS Vector Electronic Map；
Step 5.2: by collection icon in GIS Vector Electronic Map, checking the details of collection representated by icon
And museum environment factor sensor observation information；
Step 5.3: after receiving the exception information of system management platform transmission, collection is arranged to abnormal collection；
Step 5.4: by abnormal collection icon, obtaining collection abnormal cause；
Step 5.5: generating the optimal path by current location to abnormal collection.
The present invention has the advantages that:
(1) this system includes historical relic from shop is entered to shop whole life cycle out, and collection enters that shop, management, collection go out shop in shop
And the operation flow to circulate between different museums more safe and convenient.Historical relic enters museum and needs before leaving museum
It to be registered in mobile terminal, have " initial registration ", " entering shop to register ", " registration of leaving venue " and " scrapping registration " in mobile terminal
Module: initial registration refers to that collection migrates into this shop by discovery, and collection is not belonging to any museum before moving into this shop, just
Begin to register and needs to give collection new tab；Entering shop registration includes that lending returns, borrows exhibition and move into this shop three types, is lent
Return refers to that this items is temporarily lent after other museums are puted on display and returns in this shop that borrowing exhibition then refers to other natural sciences
The collection in shop is temporarily borrowed to be puted on display in this shop, is moved into this shop and is referred to that the collection in other museums migrates into this museum, enters
Shop registration needs to modify the label on collection；Registration of leaving venue includes lending exhibition and this shop of moving out, and lending exhibition refers to this museum
In collection lending arrive other museums, this shop of moving out, which refers to, moves out collection from this museum, and registration of leaving venue needs to modify collection
On label；The registration that registration refers to that collection loses value because of damage or other reasons and needs to carry out is scrapped, registration is scrapped
Need to remove the label on collection.This four modules include all business of museum management collection, and collection is being stepped on
It clocks and not only registers the relevant information of collection, also to register the sensor being associated, camera information and storage position information,
By server these information resources integrated managements are greatly improved with the level of IT application of museum management.Mobile terminal calls
Bluetooth connection interface and read head carry out label data read-write and collection information is transmitted, and greatly improve work efficiency, and collection is certainly
All variations will be registered after entering museum, improved the service management ability in museum, improved administrator
The working efficiency of member reduces error rate.
(2) system automatically carries out initiatively collection safety management, substantially increases the timeliness of problem discovery and accurate
Property, prevent the loss caused by being also easy to produce fatigue, general idea because of long-term work by artificial monitoring.System is by collection and sensor
Association is established, safety management is carried out to collection by Temperature Humidity Sensor, vibrating sensor and illuminance sensor, is improved
The intelligent level of museum management.
(3) support that the information such as information resources related with spatial position, facility carry out unification in museum objects management
Management.The object that Internet of Things is contacted and managed all has time-space attribute, dependent on the geospatial information managed by GIS.
In addition, the technical characterstics such as the information integration of GIS, Visualization and powerful spatial analysis can provide for Internet of Things application
The great abilities such as massive spatio-temporal data management, time-space relationship and time-space process analysis, space time information dynamic and visual.Therefore, GIS
Technology and it is applied to Key Platform for one of core support technology of Internet of Things and smart city Information base frame.
This system is based on GIS software and establishes interior GIS Vector Electronic Map model, builds and ties to museum interior in conjunction with spatial database
The spatial informations such as geographical location, the space layout of structure, organization's distribution and various information resources are managed, update, tie up
Shield, realizes the location navigation function in museum.This system changes the traditional way to manage of museum objects, makes message tube
The advantages of reason numerical value field enters space field, can retain original information management system, can also be by entire museums
The information management of product is simulated into visible environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail, it should be understood that implementation example described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
It is shown in Figure 1, a kind of museum objects intelligent management system based on Internet of Things and interior GIS provided by the invention
System, including system management platform, data warehouse, RFID label tag, museum environment factor sensor, read head, as bluetooth-communication
The Android smartphone of signal adapter, mobile terminal；Data warehouse includes collection information database, collection activity trajectory number
Database, geospatial database library, video monitoring data library, librarian's data are observed according to library, facility resource database, sensor
Kuku, archive database etc., each data information contact interactive news using loose couplings are followed；Museum environment factor sensing
Device includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, optical sensor, picture collection sensor, atmosphere anion sensors, Atmospheric particulates sensing
One of device is a variety of；Mobile terminal includes file administration unit, warehousing management unit, forewarning management unit, indoor map
Display unit, information query unit, System Management Unit, work management unit；
This example includes using the system management platform (also known as " server end ") of B/S framework and using C/S framework
Mobile terminal.Server end uses SSH(Spring+Struts2+Hibernate) frame, data are observed by integrating sensor
Collection storage environment real-time perception is realized in access, while (i.e. " GIS vector is electronically using indoor navigation positioning electronic map
Figure ") realize that collection positions in real time, map is shown online and navigation path planning；Server end is deployed in Tomcat 7.0.29 net
Under network server.Mobile terminal calls bluetooth connection interface and read head carries out label data read-write and collection information is transmitted, and makes
Collection information is transmitted with HTTP POST method and server end.
Shown in Figure 2, the present invention provides a kind of museum objects intelligent management side based on Internet of Things and interior GIS
Method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: registering list in mobile terminal building collection, list content includes tag ID, collection title, collection class
Not, collection age, the collection place of production, ownership museum, associated sensor title, associated sensor ID, the setting of sensor threshold values, pass
Join camera ID, collection storage position；
Step 1.1: reading data being sent by bluetooth and is attached to the RFID label tag ID on historical relic；
Step 1.2: mobile terminal insert collection title, collection classification, the collection age, the collection place of production, ownership museum,
Associated sensor title, associated sensor ID, sensor threshold values, association camera ID, collection storage position；
Initialization write-in is carried out to RFID label tag by mobile terminal, by collection title, collection classification, collection age, hiding
In the product place of production and collection location information write-in RFID label tag, and it is associated with specific collection, the unique identification as the collection.Just
Beginning process carries out after mobile terminal and Bluetooth matching in read head, and wherein tag ID is the own attribute of RFID label tag,
Remaining information is manually entered or is manually selected by mobile terminal.
Step 2: registering collection to system management platform in mobile terminal；
Step 2.1: collection attribute information being written in RFID label tag using mobile terminal；
Step 2.2: sending collection using mobile terminal and register list to system management platform, online registration collection information.
Information can be sent to system management platform by internet by mobile terminal, and collection information is registered in system management platform；
Collection registration mainly has initial registration, enters shop registration, leaves venue and register and scrap four seed types of registration, and initial registration is
Refer to that collection migrates into this shop by discovery, collection is not belonging to any museum before moving into this shop, and initial registration is needed to hiding
Product new tab；Entering shop registration includes that lending returns, borrows exhibition and move into this shop three types, and lending, which returns, refers to this items
Temporarily lending returns in this shop after being puted on display to other museums, and borrowing exhibition then refers to that the collection in other museums is temporarily borrowed
Enter and puted on display in this shop, move into this shop and refer to that the collection in other museums migrates into this museum, enters shop registration and need to modify
Label on collection；Registration of leaving venue includes lending exhibition and this shop of moving out, and lending exhibition refers to that the lending of the collection in this museum is arrived
Other museums, this shop of moving out, which refers to, moves out collection from this museum, and registration of leaving venue needs to modify the label on collection；It scraps and steps on
Note refers to the registration that collection loses value because of damage or other reasons and needs to carry out, and scraps registration and needs to remove on collection
Label.
Step 3: moving into or move out historical relic in the indoor GIS Vector Electronic Map display module opsition dependent of mobile terminal；
Step 3.1: on the indoor GIS Vector Electronic Map display module of mobile terminal, in shop all registered hiding
Product are shown on GIS Vector Electronic Map interface；
Step 3.2: the collection that current Bluetooth is read is judged according to collection Icon Color difference；
Step 3.3: clicking and generate path button, collection is generated in GIS Vector Electronic Map and enters shop or the out migration in shop
Path；
Exhibition room, stair and corridor connected relation in geometric network model figure based on museum and museum can establish tool
Have museum's indoor plane figure of network topology structure, museum's spatial data take the mode of layering to be described, express and
It manages, exhibition room, stair and the corridor in museum are respectively a data Layer；Each exhibition room is provided with fixed read head, and collection is stepped on
The storage position information of collection registration typing is transmitted to GIS vector electronics in mobile terminal room by system management platform after the completion of note
Map display module can show the collection icon of registration in mobile terminal room on the corresponding exhibition room of GIS Vector Electronic Map, this
When icon be yellow；Guidance path can be generated according to exhibition room, stair and the interoperation relationships in corridor by clicking generation path button, according to
After collection is migrated into corresponding exhibition room by guidance path, the read head in exhibition room senses collection, at this time collection GIS vector electronically
Icon on figure becomes green；
Step 4: museum environment factor sensor monitors collection storage environment Intellisense；
Step 4.1: museum environment factor sensor is sent to server end for data are observed；
Step 4.2: server end will observe data storage to data warehouse, and the threshold values for observing data and setting will be carried out
Compare；
Step 4.3: if observation data exception, server end sends exception information to mobile terminal；
Step 4.4: after mobile terminal receives exception information, generating vibration and alarm；
Step 5: showing abnormal collection position in GIS Vector Electronic Map in mobile terminal room and generate guidance path；
Step 5.1: collection can be shown in the distribution position in each exhibition room and warehouse into GIS Vector Electronic Map interface
It sets；
Step 5.2: clicking collection icon in GIS Vector Electronic Map, can check the detailed letter of collection representated by icon
Breath and sensor observation information；
Step 5.3: after receiving the exception information of server end transmission, figure of the collection in GIS Vector Electronic Map
Mark becomes red；
Step 5.4: clicking abnormal collection icon, obtain collection abnormal cause；
Step 5.5: clicking optimal path of the path navigation button generation by current location to abnormal collection；
It should be understood that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, therefore can not regard as being pair
The limitation of the invention patent protection scope, those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the present invention, are not departing from the present invention
In the case of scope of the claimed protection, replacement or deformation can also be made, is fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention, this
Invention is claimed range and should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of museum objects intelligent management based on Internet of Things and interior GIS, using based on Internet of Things and interior GIS
Museum objects intelligent management system；
It is characterized in that, the system comprises system management platform, data warehouse, RFID label tag, museum environment factor sensings
Device, mobile terminal and GIS Vector Electronic Map；
On museum objects periphery, the RFID label tag is arranged in museum objects for the museum environment factor sensor setting
On；The museum environment factor sensor is used to acquire the environmental information of museum objects, and the environmental information is sent into
The system management platform is stored in the data warehouse；The mobile terminal is obtained rich by reading the RFID label tag
Object items information；
The GIS Vector Electronic Map, combined data warehouse to museum interior building structure, organization distribution and it is various
The geographical location of collection, space layout carry out digitization management, update, maintenance, realize the location navigation function in museum；
The data warehouse includes collection information database, collection activity trajectory database, facility resource database, sensor sight
Measured data library, geospatial database, video monitoring data library, librarian's data Kuku, archive database, each data information use
It follows loose couplings and contacts interactive news；
The museum environment factor sensor includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, optical sensor, picture collection sensor, atmosphere yin
Ion transducer, Atmospheric particulates sensor；
The mobile terminal include file administration unit, warehousing management unit, forewarning management unit, indoor map display unit,
Information query unit, System Management Unit, work management unit；
The system management platform uses B/S framework, using SSH frame；The mobile terminal uses C/S framework；The system
It manages platform and collection storage environment real-time perception is realized by the museum environment factor sensor, while utilizing the GIS
Vector Electronic Map realizes that collection positions in real time, map is shown online and navigation path planning；The mobile terminal calls bluetooth
Connecting interface and read head carry out RFID tag data read-write and collection information is transmitted, and use HTTP POST method and the system
Platform under the overall leadership transmits collection information；
It the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: constructing registration collection essential information in mobile terminal；
Step 1.1: the mobile terminal calls bluetooth connection interface and read head to read the sequence number of RFID label tag；
Step 1.2: building collection attribute information, including collection title, collection classification, collection age, the collection place of production, ownership natural science
Shop, associated sensor title, associated sensor ID, sensor threshold values, association camera ID, collection storage position；
Step 2: registering collection to system management platform online；
Step 2.1: writing information into RFID label tag；
Step 2.2: sending collection data registration request to system management platform, online registration collection information；
Step 3: moving into or move out historical relic in the indoor map display module opsition dependent of mobile terminal；
Step 3.1: on the GIS Vector Electronic Map display module of mobile terminal, all registered collections are shown in shop
On GIS Vector Electronic Map interface；
Step 3.2: the collection that current Bluetooth is read is judged according to collection Icon Color difference；
Step 3.3: clicking and generate path button, collection is generated in GIS Vector Electronic Map and enters shop or the out migration path in shop；
Step 4: museum environment factor sensor monitors collection storage environment Intellisense；
Step 4.1: museum environment factor sensor is sent to system management platform for data are observed；
Step 4.2: system management platform will observe data storage to data warehouse, and the threshold values for observing data and setting will be carried out
Compare；
Step 4.3: if observation data exception, system management platform sends exception information to mobile terminal；
Step 4.4: after mobile terminal receives exception information, generating vibration and alarm；
Step 5: showing abnormal collection position in GIS Vector Electronic Map in mobile terminal room and generate guidance path；
Step 5.1: showing collection in the distributing position in each exhibition room and warehouse by GIS Vector Electronic Map；
Step 5.2: by collection icon in GIS Vector Electronic Map, checking the details of collection representated by icon and win
Object shop environmental factor sensor observation information；
Step 5.3: after receiving the exception information of system management platform transmission, collection is arranged to abnormal collection；
Step 5.4: by abnormal collection icon, obtaining collection abnormal cause；
Step 5.5: generating the optimal path by current location to abnormal collection.
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| CN106845876A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 武汉数文科技有限公司 | Cultural relic management system and museum management system |
| CN107424280A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-12-01 | 广州网展网络科技有限公司 | Intelligent museum management system |
| CN109150980A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-04 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of intelligent information service platform based on Internet of Things, method and apparatus |
| CN113222486A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2021-08-06 | 上海鹏航航空科技有限公司 | Intelligent aviation material management method and system based on Internet of things technology |
| CN113516576B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2024-01-30 | 美特文博（天津）科技有限公司 | Cultural relic collection management system |
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| WebGIS在馆藏空间信息可视化中的应用;鲍劼 等;《现代图书情报技术》;20130625(第6期);第91页第2.1节-2.3节 |
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