CN106445059B - Hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of alternating current power grid voltage - Google Patents
Hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of alternating current power grid voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106445059B CN106445059B CN201610802899.8A CN201610802899A CN106445059B CN 106445059 B CN106445059 B CN 106445059B CN 201610802899 A CN201610802899 A CN 201610802899A CN 106445059 B CN106445059 B CN 106445059B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/30—Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations
- G06F1/305—Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations in the event of power-supply fluctuations
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of alternating current power grid voltage, which comprises: the device comprises a power grid input end fuse module, an anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module, a direct-current voltage energy storage circuit, an overcurrent and overvoltage protection module, a pulse width modulation module, a main converter module, a voltage feedback correction module, a power grid voltage detection transformer and a microprocessor module. The direct-current voltage energy storage circuit in the circuit provided by the invention stores charges in parallel through a plurality of high-voltage aluminum electrolysis circuits, can last after power failure, does not need maintenance cost, has lower system cost than the traditional UPS, and provides reliable energy maintenance and effective protection in the fields of communication electronic products, servers, cameras and belt data storage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of servers, and particularly relates to a hard disk protection circuit for sudden voltage change of an alternating current power grid.
Background
Under the condition that a UPS (uninterrupted power supply) is not available, a computer hard disk frequently generates a magnetic disk bad track when the voltage of an alternating current power grid fluctuates and instantaneously drops, and because a power supply system suddenly stops supplying energy when a magnetic disk drive runs and reads at a high speed, the hard disk is bad, the magnetic disk information is slow to read, ageing is accelerated, and the service life is shortened. Meanwhile, surge harmonic waves are generated by power grid transient, and interference of a power supply path is caused to a hard disk of a terminal system.
Based on cost reasons, safety factors and working environment temperature, part of industrial products gradually cancel the UPS energy storage of the storage battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hard disk protection circuit with abrupt change of alternating current power grid voltage, which aims to solve the problems of untimely or damaged data storage of a server caused by abrupt change or instantaneous drop of alternating current power grid voltage in the prior art.
The invention provides a hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of alternating current power grid voltage, which comprises: the device comprises a power grid input end fuse module, an anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module, a direct-current voltage energy storage circuit, an over-current voltage protection module, a pulse width modulation module, a main converter module, a voltage feedback correction module, a power grid voltage detection transformer and a microprocessor module; the input end of the power grid input end fuse module is used for connecting a power grid; the input end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module is connected to the first output end of the power grid input end fuse module, and the input end of the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit is connected to the first output end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module; the input end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module is connected to the second output end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module, the input end of the pulse width modulation module is connected to the output end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module, and the first input end of the main converter module is connected to the output end of the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit; the second input end of the main converter module is connected to the output end of the pulse width modulation module; the output end of the main converter module is connected to the microprocessor module; the input end of the voltage feedback correction module is connected to the output end of the main converter module, and the output end of the voltage feedback correction module is connected to the feedback end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module; the input end of the power grid voltage detection transformer is connected to the second output end of the power grid input end fuse module, and the output end of the power grid voltage detection transformer is connected to the microprocessor module.
Further, the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit comprises a first aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC1, a second aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC2, a third aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC3, a fourth aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC4 and a capacitor C2 which are sequentially connected in parallel; the positive electrode of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module is used for being connected to the positive electrode of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module, and the negative electrode of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module is grounded.
Still further, the grid voltage detection transformer includes: transformer T2, diode D4, diode D6, diode D7, capacitor C3, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, and capacitor C11;
the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the anode of the diode D67, the anode of the diode D4 and the anode of the diode D2 are grounded, the cathode of the diode D6 and the cathode of the diode D7 are connected and then connected with one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded; the capacitor C9, the capacitor C10 and the capacitor C11 are sequentially connected with the capacitor C3 in parallel; the primary winding of the transformer T2 is used as an input end and is connected to a power grid input end fuse module, one end of the secondary winding of the transformer T2 is connected to the connection end of the diode D4 and the diode D6, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T2 is connected to the connection end of the diode D2 and the diode D7.
Further, the main converter module comprises a main converter T1 and a field effect switch tube Q1; the main converter T1 comprises three windings, wherein the synonym end of a first winding is used as a first input end of the main converter module, the synonym end of the first winding is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect switch tube Q1, the grid electrode of the field effect switch tube Q1 is used as a second input end of the main converter module, and the source electrode of the field effect switch tube Q1 is grounded; the homonymous end of the second winding is connected with a power supply, and the heteronymous end of the second winding is grounded; and the homonymous end of the third winding is used as the output end of the main converter module, and the heteronymous end of the third winding is grounded.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is characterized in that when the voltage of the power grid is instantaneously reduced, the traditional UPS power storage battery converts DC low-voltage direct current signals into positive-brown wave alternating current signals through endurance inversion and 220V alternating current voltages so as to ensure that the working data of a terminal product is saved in a short time after power failure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a hard disk protection circuit for sudden voltage change of an AC power grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of a hard disk protection circuit with abrupt voltage change of an ac power grid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of the alternating current power grid voltage provided by the embodiment of the invention mainly solves the problem that after the power grid voltage is powered down, the high-voltage energy storage capacitor in the energy storage power supply can continuously provide the endurance guarantee capability for the load for 1 minute, and meanwhile, the alternating current power grid power down moment provides a signal for a system microprocessor, and the microprocessor sends out a command in 3S.
The industrial and civil voltages are 220V,50hz,60hz sine wave ac voltages, when the line is abnormal or 220V voltage suddenly becomes 0V due to other reasons, the end user suddenly cuts off power when using the micro control system (without energy storage battery), system breakdown, communication information loss, hardware damage and other anomalies are caused.
The power grid voltage abrupt change hard disk protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a power grid input end fuse module 1, an anti-surge rectification AC-DC module 2, a direct-current voltage energy storage circuit 3, a main converter module 4, an overcurrent and overvoltage protection module 5, a pulse width modulation module 6, a voltage feedback correction module 7, a power grid voltage detection transformer 8 and a microprocessor module 9; the input end of the power grid input end fuse module 1 is used for connecting a power grid; the input end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module 2 is connected to the first output end of the power grid input end fuse module 1, and the input end of the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit 3 is connected to the first output end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module 2; the input end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module 5 is connected to the second output end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module 2, the input end of the pulse width modulation module 6 is connected to the output end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module 5, and the first input end of the main converter module 4 is connected to the output end of the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit 3; the second input end of the main converter module 4 is connected to the output end of the pulse width modulation module 6; the output end of the main converter module 4 is connected to the microprocessor module 9; the input end of the voltage feedback correction module 7 is connected to the output end of the main converter module 4, and the output end of the voltage feedback correction module 7 is connected to the feedback end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module 5; the input end of the power grid voltage detection transformer 8 is connected to the second output end of the power grid input end fuse module 1, and the output end of the power grid voltage detection transformer 8 is connected to the microprocessor module 9.
In the embodiment of the invention, two branches are arranged behind a fuse module at the input end of the power grid, one group of branches is connected with a main power supply for rectifying and filtering, an anti-surge circuit and an AC-DC module for providing a hard disk processor of a main terminal server. The other branch circuit is used for suddenly changing the power grid signal into 0V through a power grid voltage detection transformer, the power grid signal is transmitted to a secondary side low-voltage circuit through coupling, namely, a differential integration circuit is used for outputting an OFF signal through signal amplification and filtering, a microprocessor module is used for outputting a data storage instruction, and a hard disk power supply is driven by a direct current voltage energy storage circuit and a main converter module to stop working after 1 minute.
In order to further explain the power grid voltage abrupt change hard disk protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention, the working principle of the circuit is described in detail as follows:
the power grid input end fuse module 1 comprises an overcurrent protection device F1, surge suppression devices NTC1 and NTC2, an electromagnetic interference suppression device CX1 and X capacitor discharge resistors R1, R1A, R1B and R1C. And F1, adopting a safety device of which the quick-break ceramic accords with the CCC national standard, inputting voltage L and N2 paths after F1 and running a line, wherein the first path is a main power supply line of a load hard disk of a terminal server, and filtering out the surge, lightning stroke and harmonic signal processing of an input end of a power grid through an anti-surge and rectifying AC-DC module of an input power supply.
As one embodiment of the invention, the position of the lightning protection device is MOV1, the specification is 14D561, the through flow of the lightning voltage is 6KV,3KA (8/20 us lightning pulse time), the circuit device can prevent a three-phase four-wire bridge circuit of a power grid from being interfered by lightning, industrial equipment is instantaneously ON/OFF, the generated lightning voltage of up to 6KV is suppressed, and the clamping absorption is performed, so that harmonic noise is prevented from entering a back-end circuit.
In fig. 2, the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit 3 is formed by connecting component aluminum electrolytic capacitors EC1, EC2, EC3, EC4 and a capacitor C2 in parallel, wherein the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor is connected with the positive electrode of a bridge pile AC-DC rectifying device BD1, and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor is connected with a system ground wire DC-.4PCS 330UF/450V, the size diameter is 35, the high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor of height 30 is connected in parallel, form the direct-current voltage energy storage main circuit, the direct-current voltage 360V can continuously provide the residual voltage of 60S after the voltage drop of the power grid stops, the main converter module PWM can continuously work for 60S, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can resist the temperature of-40-125 ℃, can continuously work for more than 10 years at the environmental temperature of 0-70 ℃, and the cost that the traditional storage battery is sensitive to the environment, the temperature, the reliability and the maintenance is solved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the BD1 bridge rectifier adopts direct-plug thick film type packaging, forward current is 8 amperes, withstand voltage is 1000V, EC1-EC4 replaces the traditional storage battery, when the voltage of an alternating current power grid is instantaneously reduced to 0V, a 4PCS aluminum electrolysis combined energy storage circuit can provide 60S, and can provide a terminal server hard disk within 60W of power to continuously work for 1 minute, because aluminum electrolysis has a bypass, DC is blocked, the DC level after BD1 rectification effectively inhibits noise superimposed on the DC voltage, ripple and high-frequency noise, effectively reduces interference of a power supply to the external environment and electromagnetic interference, the main converter module 4 comprises a main converter T1 in figure 2, the field effect switch tube Q1 is formed together, the PWM chip outputs rectangular switching frequency pulse, the PIN 6PIN of the PWM control chip U1 is connected to the grid electrode of the driving PIN of the field effect tube Q1 through R8, D1, R7 and R8 are used in parallel, the response speed of the field effect tube Q1 in the OFF process is accelerated, the EMI electromagnetic interference generated by the high-speed switch of the field effect tube Q1 and the circuit soft start effect can be effectively reduced, the secondary side winding of the main converter module T1 is the isolated safe voltage, the safe voltage is connected to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor of the EC6 through the rectifier diode D4, and the load is connected to the positive electrode of the microprocessor and the hard disk power supply VCC circuit through L1.LF2 high-frequency filtering. And the negative electrode current and LF2 common mode inductance, and the EC9-FC8-EC7-EC6 bypass to the negative electrode of the secondary side winding of the transformer to form a loop.
The embodiment of the invention further comprises a voltage feedback correction module, wherein the voltage feedback correction module simultaneously detects the output voltage of the main conversion module and the power supply voltage of the secondary side load hard disk, and feeds the detected output voltage and the power supply voltage back to the PWM/overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection control module. In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage feedback correction module 7 comprises a clamping diode D5, a current limiting resistor R19, a three-terminal voltage stabilizer U3 and an optocoupler U1A. When the voltage of the secondary side is higher, the voltage of the point A in fig. 2 rises, and the voltage of the reference point which is the common point for connecting R23 and R22 rises, so that the driving pin of the U3 three-terminal voltage stabilizer rises synchronously, the U3 anode starts to conduct, the brightness of the light emitting diode in the isolation device of the U1A photoelectric coupler is enhanced, and the impedance is reduced. In synchronization, the impedance of the primary side of the U1B optocoupler is synchronously reduced, the potential of the PIN2 of the U1PWM chip is reduced, and the duty ratio of the output 60KHZ frequency waveform is adjusted from PIN6 through internal PWM operation and comparison, so that the purpose of stabilizing the output voltage is achieved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit comprises a main power converter, specifically, in the real-time monitoring graph of the source electrode of a field effect transistor Q1 to the ground current in fig. 2, high and low signals of potential on R5 are filtered through a C5 patch capacitor, and are converged with overvoltage signals after bypass, and are uniformly connected into a 4PIN of a PWM control chip U1, PIN6 outputs controllable duty ratio to adjust output power after internal amplification operation of U1, an overvoltage signal circuit comprises a rectification ZD2 of an auxiliary winding of a T1 transformer, a compensation resistor R14 and the overcurrent signals are gathered into a PWM modulation chip, the duty ratio is intelligently adjusted by U16PIN, and the output voltage is reduced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the AC grid alternating voltage suddenly stops, the grid voltage detecting transformer 8 is configured to convert a grid signal into a magnetic field signal, and includes: transformer T2, diode D4, diode D6, diode D7, capacitor C3, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, and capacitor C11; the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the anode of the diode D67, the anode of the diode D4 and the anode of the diode D2 are grounded, the cathode of the diode D6 and the cathode of the diode D7 are connected and then connected with one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded; capacitor C9, capacitor C10 and capacitor C11 are connected in series with capacitor C3; the primary winding of the transformer T2 is used as an input end to be connected to the power grid input end fuse module 1, one end of the secondary winding of the transformer T2 is connected to the connection end of the diode D4 and the diode D6, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T2 is connected to the connection end of the diode D2 and the diode D7.
The primary winding of the transformer T2 has no voltage and zero magnetic field, the secondary side synchronously has no magnetic field signal, the PG signal detects 0 level and transmits the command to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor module sends out data saving signal and hard disk stopping signal. Since the AC grid AC voltage has been dropped to AC 0V at this point, the data storage and hard disk is stopped, and the standby energy is required to be maintained for 60S, the required energy will be supplied by the dc voltage tank circuit. The specific working principle is as follows:
when the voltage of the L and N lines of power grid is suddenly changed from 220V to OV, two circuits of the power grid voltage detection transformer and the main converter module work in parallel, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
grid voltage detection transformer: the primary side winding voltage of T2 is AC 0V, the secondary side is isolated by transformation, the output voltage is 0 level, meanwhile, the bridge rectification and C3, C9, C10 and C11 filter circuits formed by D2, D4, D6 and D7 output levels are 0V, PG signals are transmitted to the microprocessor module, the microprocessor sends out data storage command, and the hard disk data is stored and then works are stopped.
A main converter module: after the voltage of the L line and the voltage of the N line drop, the fuse module at the input end of the power grid stops working, the anti-surge and rectifying AC-DC module stops working, the BD1 bridge rectifier PIN2 and PIN3 alternating voltage is 0V, at the moment, the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit drives the main converter module, the pulse width frequency modulation module, the voltage feedback correction module and the load hard disk/microprocessor module to work normally due to residual voltage after the EC1, the EC2, the EC3 and the EC4 are charged, and the microprocessor receives PG signals to save relevant data information and stops working of the whole circuit after 60S delay.
Because the partial products in the communication industry work in the field for a long time, in a high-altitude mode, under the conditions of limited working environment of a storage battery and extremely high after-sale maintenance cost, the DC voltage energy storage circuit and the power grid signal transformer are adopted to prevent unstable working state of a hard disk of a server caused by sudden change of voltage of a civil alternating current power grid.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of alternating current network voltage is characterized by comprising: the power grid voltage detection system comprises a power grid input end fuse module (1), an anti-surge rectification AC-DC module (2), a direct current voltage energy storage circuit (3), an overcurrent and overvoltage protection module (5), a pulse width modulation module (6), a main converter module (4), a voltage feedback correction module (7), a power grid voltage detection transformer (8) and a microprocessor module (9);
the input end of the power grid input end fuse module (1) is used for connecting a power grid; the input end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module (2) is connected to the first output end of the power grid input end fuse module (1), and the input end of the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit (3) is connected to the first output end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module (2);
the input end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module (5) is connected to the second output end of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module (2), the input end of the pulse width modulation module (6) is connected to the output end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module (5), and the first input end of the main converter module (4) is connected to the output end of the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit (3); the second input end of the main converter module (4) is connected to the output end of the pulse width modulation module (6); the output end of the main converter module (4) is connected to the microprocessor module (9);
the input end of the voltage feedback correction module (7) is connected to the output end of the main converter module (4), and the output end of the voltage feedback correction module (7) is connected to the feedback end of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module (5);
the input end of the power grid voltage detection transformer (8) is connected to the second output end of the power grid input end fuse module (1), and the output end of the power grid voltage detection transformer (8) is connected to the microprocessor module (9);
the grid voltage detection transformer (8) comprises: transformer T2, diode D4, diode D6, diode D7, capacitor C3, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, and capacitor C11;
the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the anode of the diode D67, the anode of the diode D4 and the anode of the diode D2 are grounded, the cathode of the diode D6 and the cathode of the diode D7 are connected and then connected with one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded;
the capacitor C9, the capacitor C10 and the capacitor C11 are sequentially connected with the capacitor C3 in parallel;
the primary winding of the transformer T2 is used as an input end and is connected to a power grid input end fuse module (1), one end of the secondary winding of the transformer T2 is connected to the connection end of the diode D4 and the diode D6, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T2 is connected to the connection end of the diode D2 and the diode D7;
the main converter module (4) comprises a main converter T1 and a field effect switch tube Q1; the main converter T1 comprises three windings, wherein the synonym end of a first winding is used as a first input end of the main converter module (4), the synonym end of the first winding is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect switch tube Q1, the grid electrode of the field effect switch tube Q1 is used as a second input end of the main converter module (4), and the source electrode of the field effect switch tube Q1 is grounded; the homonymous end of the second winding is connected with a power supply, and the heteronymous end of the second winding is grounded; the homonymous end of the third winding is used as the output end of the main converter module (4), and the heteronymous end of the third winding is grounded.
2. The hard disk protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the direct-current voltage energy storage circuit (3) comprises a first aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC1, a second aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC2, a third aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC3, a fourth aluminum electrolytic capacitor EC4 and a capacitor C2 which are sequentially connected in parallel; the positive electrode of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module is used for being connected to the positive electrode of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module (2), and the negative electrode of the anti-surge rectifying AC-DC module is grounded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610802899.8A CN106445059B (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | Hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of alternating current power grid voltage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610802899.8A CN106445059B (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | Hard disk protection circuit for sudden change of alternating current power grid voltage |
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| CN106445059A CN106445059A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106445059B true CN106445059B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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| CN107993682B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2023-10-31 | 力瑞信（深圳）科技有限公司 | Overvoltage protection circuit and solid state disk |
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| CN105992432B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2018-09-04 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Power circuit applied to LED load |
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| CN2664278Y (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2004-12-15 | 上海新华电子设备有限公司 | DC/DC power supply module having under-voltage and current-limiting protection |
| CN1893752A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-01-10 | 上海维同照明电器有限公司 | LED constant-flow driver |
| CN104768258A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-08 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Constant current driven LED over-voltage and over-current protection circuit |
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