CN106443396A - Online monitoring device for insulating performance of IT power supply system - Google Patents
Online monitoring device for insulating performance of IT power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106443396A CN106443396A CN201610894754.5A CN201610894754A CN106443396A CN 106443396 A CN106443396 A CN 106443396A CN 201610894754 A CN201610894754 A CN 201610894754A CN 106443396 A CN106443396 A CN 106443396A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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Abstract
The invention relates to an online monitoring device for the insulating performance of an IT power supply system. The online monitoring device comprises a controller unit, an insulating signal sampling unit and a voltage sampling unit, wherein the insulating signal sampling unit comprises a first signal sampling branch, a second signal sampling branch and a sampling resistor, the first signal sampling branch comprises a first electronic switch, and the second signal sampling branch comprises a second electronic switch; the ground insulating signal of the IT system is acquired by turning on the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch through the controller unit. The online monitoring device has the advantages that the insulating performance of the IT power supply system can be monitored without an additional independent signal; the respective ground insulating resistance of two bus bars of the single-phase IT power supply system can be calculated accurately, short circuit faults can be monitored, and bus bar insulation deterioration degree can also be judged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Circuits System insulating properties monitoring device, especially a kind of IT electric power system insulating properties exist
Line monitoring device.
Background technology
IT electric power system occurs that fault current during first time fault is little, and electrical equipment metal shell will not produce danger
Contact voltage, therefore can not cut off the electricity supply, and so that electrical equipment is continued to run with, but needs to carry out on-line monitoring to its insulating properties
And informed by warning device, check in time and eliminate fault.
In current IT electric power system insulating properties on-line monitoring, the widely used detection method based on Injection Signal, lead to
Electric current on the voltage of sampling resistor or IT electric power system bus when crossing collection Injection Signal, when IT electric power system shorted to earth
Or during insulation degradation, its insulation against ground resistance declines, the voltage on sampling resistor during Injection Signal or IT electric power system are female
In electric current on line, fault characteristic value increases severely, and can be judged accordingly.When being insulated using injecting signal monitoring IT electric power system,
No matter injection is direct current signal, single-frequency AC signal, or double frequency AC signal, it is required for corresponding independent signal source, is
System is complicated;And the voltage effective value in independent signal source does not allow more than 50V, the judgement to fault characteristic value and failure line selection position
Bring difficulty.
Content of the invention
In order to solve problem present in IT electric power system insulating properties on-line monitoring, the invention provides a kind of IT powers
System insulation performance on-line monitoring device, including controller unit, insulating signal sampling unit, voltage sampling unit.
Described voltage sampling unit is used for obtaining bus ac voltage signal and delivering to controller unit;Described insulating signal
Sampling unit is used for obtaining the insulation against ground signal of IT electric power system and delivering to controller unit.
Described insulating signal sampling unit includes the first sample of signal branch road, secondary signal sampling slip and sampling electricity
Resistance;First sample of signal branch road includes the first electronic switch, the first current-limiting resistance being connected in series, the first electronic switch, first
The order that is connected in series of current-limiting resistance arbitrarily selects;The second electronic switch that secondary signal sampling slip includes being connected in series,
Two current-limiting resistances, the second electronic switch, the order that is connected in series of the second current-limiting resistance arbitrarily select;First sample of signal branch road
One end connects to the first bus of IT electric power system, and one end of secondary signal sampling slip connects to the second mother of IT electric power system
Line;The other end of the first sample of signal branch road, the other end of secondary signal sampling slip are connected with one end of sample resistance,
The other end of sample resistance connects to protecting field.
The insulation against ground signal of described IT electric power system is the first bus burst pulse voltage, the second bus narrow arteries and veins over the ground over the ground
Rush voltage, control the first electronic switch, the second electronic switch pulsed to open acquisition respectively by controller unit.
Described first electronic switch, the second electronic switch are interval in the peak value of the positive and negative half-wave of bus alternating voltage respectively
Open-minded, or respectively in the peak value release of section of the negative, positive half-wave of bus alternating voltage.
Described first sample of signal branch road also includes the first diode connected, and described secondary signal sampling slip also includes
Second diode of series connection;First diode makes the first electronic switch open-minded in bus alternating voltage a half-wave, the
Two diodes make the second electronic switch open-minded in the another one half-wave of bus alternating voltage.
Described first sample of signal branch road also includes the 3rd diode, and described secondary signal sampling slip also includes the four or two
Pole pipe;Described 3rd diode reverse is connected in parallel on the first electronic switch, and the 4th diode reverse is connected in parallel on the second electronic switch
On.Diode reverse is connected in parallel on electronic switch, and the negative electrode referring to diode connects to the electric current inflow end of electronic switch, sun
Pole connects to the electric current outflow end of electronic switch.
Described first electronic switch, the second electronic switch can also be respectively at the peaks of the different positive half-waves of bus alternating voltage
Value release of section, or respectively in the peak value release of section of the negative half-wave of difference of bus alternating voltage.
First bus insulation against ground resistance RF1, the second bus insulation against ground resistance RF2According to formula
Calculated, wherein, REResistance value for the first current-limiting resistance and the second current-limiting resistance;RSElectricity for sample resistance
Resistance;UmFor the peak value of bus alternating voltage, obtained according to the continuous sampling data of bus alternating voltage;U1For the first electronic cutting
Close the first bus burst pulse voltage over the ground when opening, U2The burst pulse electricity over the ground of the second bus when opening for the second electronic switch
Pressure.
Described U1、U2According to formula
Calculated, wherein, UC1Sample resistance R when opening for the first electronic switchSOn voltage, UC2For the second electronic cutting
Sample resistance R when pass is openedSOn voltage.
Controller unit realizes the quality of power supply and the concrete steps of insulating properties monitoring include:
Step one, sampling obtain burst pulse voltage, the second bus burst pulse voltage and the bus friendship over the ground over the ground of the first bus
Stream voltage data;
Step 2, calculating the first bus insulation against ground resistance and the second bus insulation against ground resistance;
Step 3, result treatment;
Step 4, return to step one.
Described IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device can also include alarm unit, man-machine interaction unit, school
One of verification certificate unit unit or multiple unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:(1) additional independent signal need not be injected, you can realize the insulation to IT electric power system
Performance monitoring;(2) insulating monitoring signal is direct current burst pulse voltage, can eliminate what bus direct-to-ground capacitance was monitored to insulaion resistance
Impact;(3) the respective insulation against ground resistance value of single-phase 2 buses of IT electric power system can accurately be calculated, short except monitoring
Additionally it is possible to judge the degree of bus insulation deterioration outside the fault of road.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device embodiment composition frame chart;
Fig. 2 is insulating signal sampling unit embodiment circuit theory diagrams;
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 3 opens for insulating signal sampling unit embodiment the first electronic switch;
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 4 opens for insulating signal sampling unit embodiment the second electronic switch;
Fig. 5 is bus alternating voltage waveform and monitoring burst pulse V diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
It is illustrated in figure 1 IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device embodiment composition frame chart.Fig. 1 embodiment includes
Controller unit 100, insulating signal sampling unit 200, voltage sampling unit 300, verification unit 400, alarm unit 500, people
Machine interactive unit 600.L1, L2 are respectively the first bus of IT electric power system, the second bus;PE is that the protection of IT electric power system is led
Body or protecting field.Described IT electric power system is single-phase ac power supply system.
It is illustrated in figure 2 insulating signal sampling unit embodiment circuit theory diagrams, including the first electronic switch M1, the second electricity
Son switch M2, the first current-limiting resistance RE1, the second current-limiting resistance RE2, sample resistance RS, the first diode D1, the second diode D2,
3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D4;First electronic switch M1, the first current-limiting resistance RE1, the first diode D1, the three or two pole
Pipe D3 forms the first sample of signal branch road, the second electronic switch M2, the second current-limiting resistance RE2, the second diode D2, the four or two pole
Pipe D4 forms secondary signal sampling slip.In Fig. 2, RF1、RF2It is respectively the insulation against ground electricity of the first bus L1, the second bus L2
Resistance;K1, K2 are respectively the first electronic switch M1, the control signal of the second electronic switch M2, and K1, K2 are derived from controller unit.The
One electronic switch, the second electronic switch are full-control type electronic switch, and in Fig. 2 embodiment, M1, M2 adopt triode type photoelectric coupling
Device.First electronic switch, the second electronic switch can also be replaced with DC solid-state relay or other full-control type electronic switches
Change.
In Fig. 2 embodiment, the 3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D4 protect the first electronic switch M1, the second electronics respectively
Switch M2 is so as to exempt from too high backward voltage;When the first electronic switch, the second electronic switch can bear the anti-of place circuit
During to voltage, the 3rd diode, the 4th diode are not necessarily.
In Fig. 2 embodiment, it can only be higher than second in the first bus L1 current potential that the first diode D1 makes the first electronic switch M1
Turn on during bus L2 current potential, the second diode D2 makes the second electronic switch M2 can only be less than the second bus in the first bus L1 current potential
Turn on during L2 current potential;When the first electronic switch, the second electronic switch have one-way conduction performance and do not have the 3rd diode in parallel,
During four diodes, the first diode, the second diode are not necessarily.
First electronic switch and the second electronic switch be the short time, pulsed open-minded, and the first electronic switch and
Second electronic switch can not be opened simultaneously and turn on.It is higher than the second mother that first electronic switch can control in the first bus L1 current potential
Open during line L2 current potential it is also possible to control open-minded when the first bus L1 current potential is less than the second bus L2 current potential;Similarly, second
Electronic switch can control to be opened it is also possible to control in the first bus when the first bus L1 current potential is higher than the second bus L2 current potential
L1 current potential is less than open-minded during the second bus L2 current potential.First electronic switch, the second electronic switch can be respectively in bus alternating currents
The positive and negative half-wave of pressure is open-minded or open-minded in the negative, positive half-wave of bus alternating voltage respectively;First electronic switch, the second electricity
Son switch can also be open-minded in the different positive half-waves of bus alternating voltage respectively, or respectively in the difference of bus alternating voltage
Negative half-wave is open-minded.
Will be complete to the first diode D1 in Fig. 2 embodiment, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D4
Portion's Opposite direction connection, the first electronic switch M1, the sense of current Opposite direction connection of the second electronic switch M2, then the first diode D1 make
One electronic switch M1 can only turn on when the first bus L1 current potential is less than the second bus L2 current potential, and the second diode D2 makes the second electricity
Son switch M2 can only the conducting when the first bus L1 current potential is higher than the second bus L2 current potential.
It is illustrated in figure 3 equivalent circuit diagram when insulating signal sampling unit embodiment the first electronic switch is opened.
When first electronic switch M1 opens, the first bus L1 current potential is higher than the second bus L2 current potential, the voltage between L1, L2
For monitoring burst pulse voltage Um.Make R0=RE1+RS, R4For R0With RF1Resistance value in parallel, then now the first bus burst pulse over the ground
Voltage U1For
Will
Substitution formula (1) simultaneously arranges, and has
It is illustrated in figure 4 equivalent circuit diagram when insulating signal sampling unit embodiment the second electronic switch is opened.Second
When electronic switch M2 opens, the first bus L1 current potential is less than the second bus L2 current potential.Phase when the second electronic switch M2 opens
Phase angle when parallactic angle is opened with the first electronic switch M1 is identical, and the monitoring burst pulse voltage between L2, L1 is Um.When the first electricity
The first bus that son switch, the second electronic switch are opened burst pulse voltage, the second bus burst pulse voltage position respectively over the ground over the ground
When the peak value of 2 half-waves of bus alternating voltage is interval, UmPeak value for bus alternating voltage.
Work as RE2Resistance value be equal to RE1Resistance value when, have R0=RE2+RS, then now the second bus burst pulse voltage over the ground
U2For
According to formula (2) and formula (3), can obtain
Joint arrangement formula (2), formula (3), formula (4), have
Make the first current-limiting resistance RE1With the second current-limiting resistance RE2Resistance value be RE, have
One of insulation against ground signal of IT electric power system, the first bus burst pulse voltage U over the ground1By gathering the first electronics
Sample resistance R when switch M1 opensSOn voltage UC1Obtain;The two of the insulation against ground signal of IT electric power system, the second bus pair
Ground burst pulse voltage U2Sample resistance R when being opened by gathering the second electronic switch M2SOn voltage UC2Obtain, and have
For limit the first electronic switch or when the second electronic switch opens the first bus or the second bus electricity over the ground
Stream, the first current-limiting resistance RE1With the second current-limiting resistance RE2Resistance value be preferably greater than 500k Ω, particularly preferably be more than 2M Ω.
It is illustrated in figure 5 bus alternating voltage waveform and monitoring burst pulse V diagram.In Fig. 5, T1For the first electronics
The time that switch M1, the second electronic switch M2 postpone with respect to zero crossing, T2For the first electronic switch M1, the second electronic switch M2
The time opened.If the cycle of bus alternating voltage is T, the moment opened as the first electronic switch M1, the second electronic switch M2
At the peak value of bus alternating voltage and T2Sufficiently small, further, when
When, then the monitoring burst pulse voltage U between L2, L1 when the first electronic switch M1, the second electronic switch M2 openmFor
The crest voltage of bus alternating voltage.
First electronic switch M1 or the second electronic switch M2 service time T2Short, now it is carried in the first bus and second
Monitoring burst pulse voltage on the loop being formed between bus, by PE is the equal of direct current burst pulse voltage, because first is female
Line, the second bus direct-to-ground capacitance little, to sample resistance RSOn voltage when being sampled, it is right that direct current burst pulse voltage has completed
The discharge and recharge of direct-to-ground capacitance, can avoid the first bus, the direct-to-ground capacitance of the second bus that insulating monitoring is impacted.
When the supply frequency of bus alternating voltage is high, its cycle T is little, for keeping the first electronic switch M1 or second electricity
When son switch M2 opens, direct current burst pulse magnitude of voltage is basically unchanged, correspondingly, service time T2Must be shorter.When bus alternating current
When the supply frequency of pressure is less than 300Hz, keep the service time T that direct current burst pulse magnitude of voltage is basically unchanged2Within, can be complete
The in pairs discharge and recharge of direct-to-ground capacitance and to sample resistance RSOn voltage sampled.
Voltage sampling unit is used for obtaining bus ac voltage signal and delivering to controller unit.The mistake of bus alternating voltage
Zero point, peak value and cycle are obtained to the voltage continuous sampling data analysis of voltage sampling unit by controller unit.Controller list
Unit needs control voltage sampling unit to carry out continuous sampling to bus alternating voltage.How design voltage sampling unit by control
Device unit processed is realized carrying out continuous sampling to bus alternating voltage, and voltage continuous sampling data is analyzed obtaining bus
The zero crossing of alternating voltage, peak value and cycle are the routine techniques that professional and technical personnel in the field are grasped.
When the insulation against ground of IT electric power system deteriorates or has shorted to earth fault, bus insulation against ground resistance is less than and sets
Threshold resistance when, controller unit is reported to the police by alarm unit.Man-machine interaction unit be used for realizing the setting of threshold resistance, the
One bus, the second bus insulation against ground resistance value such as show at the function.Carry out design the reality of alarm unit and man-machine interaction unit
Existing required function is the routine techniques that professional and technical personnel in the field are grasped.
Verification unit is used for carrying out function check to the monitoring of described insulating properties.In embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, verification unit
400 are controlled by controller unit by man-machine interaction unit.Verification unit can also directly by man-machine interaction unit control,
Directly it is controlled by switch, button.When carrying out function check, verification unit between the first bus and protecting field, or
Between the second bus and protecting field, or simultaneously between the first bus and protecting field and the second bus and protecting field it
Between access verification resistance, whether finder being capable of normal work.Directly by switch, button control in the first bus and protecting field
Between, or between the second bus and protecting field, or simultaneously between the first bus and protecting field and the second bus
Access verification resistance and protecting field between, and by man-machine interaction unit pass through controller unit be controlled in the first bus and
Between protecting field, or between the second bus and protecting field, or simultaneously between the first bus and protecting field and
Accessing verification resistance between two buses and protecting field is the routine techniques that professional and technical personnel in the field are grasped.
Controller unit includes the functional module such as MCU and A/D converter, signal conditioning circuit and circuit.Voltage sampling
Unit output bus ac voltage signal, insulating signal sampling unit output insulation against ground signal through signal conditioning circuit at
A/D converter is delivered to, A/D converter output data transfers to MCU process after reason.MCU is single with insulating signal sampling unit, verification
Unit, alarm unit, man-machine interaction unit etc. have electrical connection, to carry out the information transmission of correlation.Control core MCU can select
Select the microcontroller such as DSP, ARM, single-chip microcomputer, CPLD, PLC or control device.How to select and use A/D converter, and
How modelled signal modulate circuit makes voltage sampling unit, the signal of insulating signal sampling unit output meet A/D converter pair
The requirement of signal input, is the routine techniques that professional and technical personnel in the field are grasped.
The concrete steps that controller unit realizes single phase ac IT electric power system insulating monitoring include:
Step one, sampling obtain the voltage U of burst pulse over the ground of 2 half-waves of bus alternating voltage1、U2With bus alternating voltage
Data;
Step 2, calculating obtain the first bus insulation against ground resistance RF1With the second bus insulation against ground resistance RF2;
Step 3, result show and alert process;
Step 4, return to step one.
In step one, sampling obtains the voltage U of burst pulse over the ground of 2 half-waves of bus alternating voltage1、U2When, can select to adopt
With unitary sampling value it is also possible to select multiple repairing weld more multiple sampled values to be carried out including asking arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, median, slip
Mean value, median mean value, or after the data processing of other modes, obtain end value.The peak value U of bus alternating voltagem
Can obtain according to the bus alternating voltage continuous sampling data of monocycle or multicycle.
Calculate in step 2 and obtain the first bus insulation against ground resistance RF1With the second bus insulation against ground resistance RF2, permissible
Select using the first bus insulation against ground resistance R calculating acquisition after single execution step one and step 2F1With the second bus pair
Ground insulaion resistance RF2It is also possible to selecting execution step one and step 2 are repeated several times, obtaining multiple first bus insulation against ground electricity
Resistance RF1With the second bus insulation against ground resistance RF2Calculated value after, more multiple calculated values are carried out including ask arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, in
Place value, sliding average, median mean value, or the end value obtaining after the data processing of other modes.
Described device also includes DC power source unit.DC power source unit can be using external power supply it is also possible to by bus
Alternating voltage step-down, rectification, filtering, obtain after voltage stabilizing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device it is characterised in that:Take including controller unit, insulating signal
Sample unit, voltage sampling unit;
Described voltage sampling unit is used for obtaining bus ac voltage signal and delivering to controller unit;
Described insulating signal sampling unit is used for obtaining the insulation against ground signal of IT electric power system and delivering to controller unit.
2. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described insulation letter
Number sampling unit includes the first sample of signal branch road, secondary signal sampling slip and sample resistance;First sample of signal branch road
Including the first electronic switch being connected in series, the first current-limiting resistance, secondary signal sampling slip includes the second electricity being connected in series
Son switch, the second current-limiting resistance;One end of first sample of signal branch road connects to the first bus of IT electric power system, secondary signal
One end of sampling slip connects to the second bus of IT electric power system;The other end of the first sample of signal branch road, secondary signal
The other end of sampling slip is connected with one end of sample resistance, and the other end of sample resistance connects to protecting field.
3. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 2 it is characterised in that:Described IT powers
The insulation against ground signal of system is the first bus burst pulse voltage, the second bus burst pulse voltage over the ground over the ground, by controller list
Unit controls the first electronic switch, the second electronic switch pulsed to open acquisition respectively.
4. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 3 it is characterised in that:Described first electricity
Son switch, the second electronic switch respectively in the peak value release of section of the positive and negative half-wave of bus alternating voltage, or respectively in mother
The peak value release of section of the negative, positive half-wave of line alternating voltage.
5. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 4 it is characterised in that:Described first letter
Number sampling slip also includes the first diode connected, and described secondary signal sampling slip also includes the second diode connected;
First diode makes the first electronic switch open-minded in bus alternating voltage a half-wave, and the second diode makes the second electronics
Switch can only be open-minded in the another one half-wave of bus alternating voltage.
6. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 5 it is characterised in that:Described first letter
Number sampling slip also includes the 3rd diode, and described secondary signal sampling slip also includes the 4th diode;Described three or two pole
Pipe is connected in reverse parallel on the first electronic switch, and the 4th diode reverse is connected in parallel on the second electronic switch.
7. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 3 it is characterised in that:Described first electricity
Son switchs, the second electronic switch is respectively in the peak value release of section of the different positive half-waves of bus alternating voltage, or exists respectively
The difference of bus alternating voltage bears the peak value release of section of half-wave.
8. the IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to any one of claim 4-7, its feature exists
In:First bus insulation against ground resistance RF1, the second bus insulation against ground resistance RF2According to formula
Calculated, wherein, REResistance value for the first current-limiting resistance and the second current-limiting resistance;RSResistance value for sample resistance;
UmPeak value for bus alternating voltage;U1First bus burst pulse voltage over the ground, U when opening for the first electronic switch2For the second electricity
Second bus burst pulse voltage over the ground when son is opened.
9. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 8 it is characterised in that:Described U1、U2Press
Illuminated
Calculated, wherein, UC1Sample resistance R when opening for the first electronic switchSOn voltage, UC2Open for the second electronic switch
Sample resistance R when logicalSOn voltage.
10. IT electric power system insulating properties on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 8 it is characterised in that:Controller list
The concrete steps that unit realizes insulating properties on-line monitoring include:
Step one, sampling obtain the first bus burst pulse voltage, the second bus burst pulse voltage and bus alternating current over the ground over the ground
Pressure data;
Step 2, calculating the first bus insulation against ground resistance and the second bus insulation against ground resistance;
Step 3, result treatment;
Step 4, return to step one.
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Citations (3)
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CN204065228U (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-31 | 张玲林 | Insulating monitor |
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2016
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CN2228236Y (en) * | 1994-12-31 | 1996-05-29 | 戴祖明 | DC systems insulation fault in-line monitoring alarm and fault locating device |
US20130088240A1 (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-11 | Wolfgang Hofheinz | Method and apparatus for determining an insulation resistance in grounded it systems |
CN204065228U (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-31 | 张玲林 | Insulating monitor |
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