CN106442231A - Coarse aggregate angularity evaluation method based on digital image analysis technology - Google Patents
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000011496 digital image analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000013469 light sensitivity Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003854 Surface Print Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
- G01N15/0227—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means using imaging; using holography
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coarse aggregate angularity evaluation method based on the digital image analysis technology. The method comprises the following steps that coarse aggregate is selected, and the performance of the coarse aggregate is tested; washing and screening are carried out, and the coarse aggregate with the single grain size is obtained; digital image collecting equipment is utilized for acquiring images of the coarse aggregate; an image processing system is utilized for processing and recognizing the acquired images; the area, perimeter, long axis, short axis and other basic parameters of a single coarse aggregate particle are acquired; the coarse aggregate angularity is quantized, and quantitative indexes comprise roundness, angularity, the average minimum curvature radius, circularity and other indexes; the angularity of the coarse aggregate is evaluated, and reference is provided for coarse aggregate selection. The coarse aggregate angularity evaluation method is based on the digital image technology, the angularity of the coarse aggregate can be evaluated through the quantitative indexes, reference value is provided for coarse aggregate selection, and therefore the coarse aggregate angularity evaluation method has obvious practical value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pavement construction material field, it is related to a kind of Coarse aggregates angularity based on Digital image analysis technique
Evaluation method.
Background technology
Coarse aggregates angularity (Angularity of coarse aggregates) mainly reflects coarse aggregate particle outline
On degree of convexity, be impact coarse aggregate formed embedded squeezing structure a key factor.To asphalt construction workability and
The impact highly significant of pavement performance.
Wang Hainian et al. proposes with MASCA (Morphology analysis system of coarse
Aggregate) method evaluates the corner angle of coarse aggregate, and evaluation method includes two methods of particle circumference method and fractal geometry.
Result of study finds that 2 kinds of methods are consistent substantially to the evaluation result of Coarse aggregates angularity, shows close change rule
Rule.
Wang Huoming et al. has inquired into the corner angle test method of coarse aggregate, from aggregate angularity definition it is contemplated that
Its impact to Asphalt Mixture Performance.Shake dress density, apparent density and 3 kinds of evaluation coarse aggregate ribs of flowing time are proposed
The test method of angle property, and the corner angle of limestone gravel, basaltic broken stone and broken river shoal material are evaluated, research
Indicating shake dress density, apparent density and flowing time all has preferable discrimination for Coarse aggregates angularity.
Xiong Qin et al. have studied collection coarse aggregate image under natural light, carries out segmentation figure using matlab software processing
Picture.According to the characteristic of itself of gathering materials, partitioning scheme does not adopt conventional Gray-scale value to split, but directly divides three to true coloured picture
Passage dividing processing respectively, successfully obtains the contour projection charts of each particle.Calculate the corresponding index extracting profile, specific targets
There are major axis, short axle, major axis/minor axis, rectangular degree, shape index and corner angle, evaluate the shape facility of coarse aggregate in such ways.
Lin Hui et al. research to obtain coarse aggregate image, then the mirror with Photoshop CS2 with CCD camera and " backlight case "
Head correction filter is corrected to image fault, then with Image-Pro Plus, coarse aggregate image is identified, finally obtains
Take the corner angle of coarse aggregate.
Liu Zhenqing et al. calculates coarse aggregate graininess index using the improvement characterization method of ASTM D3398-97 test method
Iap, propose coarse aggregate radius method corner angle sex index I using digital image processing techniquesArmWith gradient method corner angle sex index IAgm's
Computing formula.
In the aspect of performance evaluating coarse aggregate, the corner angle of coarse aggregate have very big shadow to the pavement performance of asphalt
Ring, the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method commonly used at present has indirect method and direct method two big class.Indirect method refers to using test side
The method macroscopic property overall to the coarse aggregate by certain way accumulation molding is measured, such as coarse aggregate be not compacted voidage,
Apparent density, flowing time etc..Indirect method is simple, can characterize the global feature of all tested coarse aggregates, is to be based on
The test method of statistic concept.However, the shortcoming of indirect method is can not directly, effectively to characterize each coarse aggregate individual particles
Morphological feature, target is less clear and definite.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of coarse aggregate corner angle based on Digital image analysis technique
Property evaluation method, its corner angle can be evaluated directly through the quantizating index of coarse aggregate, provide reference for the selection gathered materials.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique, methods described is directed to coarse aggregate, institute
The method of stating includes digital image acquisition apparatus and image processing system.
In such scheme preferably, including following steps：
Step one：Select coarse aggregate, the properties of test coarse aggregate；
Step 2：Carry out washing screening, obtain the coarse aggregate of single particle size；
Step 3：Obtain the coarse aggregate image of described single particle size using digital image acquisition apparatus；
Step 4：Using image processing system, the described coarse aggregate image obtaining is processed and identified；
Step 5：Obtain the basic parameter of single coarse aggregate particle, described basic parameter include area, girth, major axis and/
Or short axle etc.；
Step 6：Coarse aggregates angularity is given to quantify, quantizating index includes circularity, angularity, average minimum curvature half
Footpath, the ratio of circularity, convexity and the corner angle index, the girth of particle equivalent ellipsoidal and particle circumference that are proposed based on equivalent ellipsoidal
The indexs such as the ratio of girth of value, the girth of particle equivalent ellipsoidal and particle convex surface；
Step 7：Evaluate the corner angle of coarse aggregate, the selection for coarse aggregate provides reference.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step one, coarse aggregate all comes from same batch.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step one, the particle diameter of coarse aggregate is all higher than 4.75mm.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 3, the resolution ratio of digital image acquisition apparatus is 320～1200
Ten thousand pixels.
The resolving range that described digital image acquisition apparatus select, can make image definition reach best, the most clearly.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 3, the lightsensitivity ISO of digital image acquisition apparatus is 80～
300.
The lightsensitivity ISO scope that described digital image acquisition apparatus select, can make image definition reach best, the most clearly
Clear.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 3, the image bit depth that digital image acquisition apparatus obtain is
216～232.
The image bit depth scope that described digital image acquisition apparatus select, can make image definition reach best, the most clearly
Clear.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the coarse aggregate figure of single particle size in step 3, is obtained using backlight facility
Picture.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, described backlight facility is backlight case, and described backlight case is made up of aluminium alloy
Framework, surrounding is with lighttight tinfoil, and top surface is one piece is stained with the transparent plexiglass plate of white background paper, and inframe is put slightly
Gather materials, be placed with bloom lamp in case as reverse light source.
During shooting by coarse aggregate particle in the most steady mode and mutually non-caked place on a glass, ensureing do not have
Carry out (suitably in darkroom, closing camera flash-light) in the case of other light sources impact.Reverse light source is due to being enclosed in one
In the lighttight chest of surrounding and bottom, the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of therefore top surface printing opacity is illuminated and uniformly, and coarse aggregate surface by
In almost not receiving any light, and assume deep dark, now obtain image, image at this moment becomes original image.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 4, when processing image, using image processing software by original image
Be converted to gray level image.It is preferably with Image-pro Plus image software.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 4, processing the gray level image bit depth obtaining is 28～220.
Process the gray level image bit depth scope obtaining, image definition can be made to reach best, the most clearly.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 4, when processing image, suitable contrast is carried out to image
Enhancing is processed.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 4, the image of coarse aggregate is processed and is identified employing
Image-pro Plus image software.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 6, the quantizating index of described coarse aggregate and Coarse aggregates angularity
Relevant, unrelated with the size of coarse aggregate particle.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in step 6, the quantizating index of described coarse aggregate must be to coarse aggregate
The profile variations of grain are very sensitive, insensitive to the directionality of coarse aggregate particle.
The invention belongs to one kind of the direct method of Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method, direct method compensate for indirect method not
Foot, can quickly be identified measurement, qualitative description to coarse aggregate grain angularity, and single coarse aggregate particle may be entered
Row directly measures, and clearly, test is representative for its test target.
The Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method of the present invention is based on Digital image technology, by the quantizating index evaluation of coarse aggregate
Its corner angle, the selection for gathering materials provides reference.Therefore, the present invention has obvious practical value.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the one of a kind of Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique of the present invention to be preferable to carry out
The design diagram of backlight case in example；
Fig. 2 is the original image of the coarse aggregate image shooting in preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is image after the gray proces of coarse aggregate image shooting in preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the gray level image through subsequent treatment for the Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is gray value side's distribution in preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is equivalent ellipsoidal schematic diagram in preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is 9.5mm coarse aggregate binary map in preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to further appreciate that the technical characteristic of the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is explained in detail
State.Embodiment only has exemplary effect to the present invention, and does not have any restricted effect, those skilled in the art
The modification of any unsubstantiality made on the basis of the present invention, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
It is selected from the limestone coarse aggregate being 4.75mm～9.5mm, 9.5mm～13.2mm with a batch of particle diameter, according to《Public
Road engineering is gathered materials testing regulations》Relevant regulations in (JTG E42-2005) test its performance, are shown in Table 1.1 and table 1.2.
Table 1.1 9.5-13.2mm coarse aggregate performance indications testing result
Table 1.2 4.75-9.5mm coarse aggregate performance indications testing result
Each shelves limestone coarse aggregate performance indications testing result that this example is adopted is satisfied by《Asphalt highway is constructed
Technical specification》Pertinent regulations in (JTG F40-2004).Obtain the limestone rough set that single particle size is 9.5mm through washing screening
Material.
In this example, Sony DSC-T2 type digital camera is selected in the collection for image, and its relevant parameter is shown in Table 1.3.
Table 1.3Sony DSC-T2 digital camera performance parameter
A backlight facility shoots so that the coarse aggregate obtaining is between the camera of light source and acquisition image.It is in
Darkroom, obtains the original image of coarse aggregate in the case that camera flash-light is closed.The image recognition analysis of coarse aggregate are adopted
Image-pro Plus image software.This software can determine the basic numerical value of coarse aggregate particle, such as area, girth, major and minor axis
Deng, and the data file of coarse aggregate particle outline can be derived.
The coarse aggregate image shooting under natural light environment, occurs in that in the coarse aggregate particle shade and particle being not intended to
The uneven grey scale change in portion, this will accurately identification brings very burden to successive image.In order to produce backlight facility so that
The impact to image recognition of coarse aggregate particle shade and internal uneven grey scale change reduces as far as possible.This example design
One " backlight case ", as the backlight facility of this paper, its device signal such as Fig. 1, wherein reference 1 are backlight case, 2 is number
Code-phase machine, 3 be coarse aggregate, 4 be light source.
" backlight case " is made up of framework aluminium alloy, and surrounding is with lighttight tinfoil, and top surface is one piece and is stained with white background
The transparent plexiglass plate of paper, inframe puts coarse aggregate, is placed with bloom lamp as reverse light source in case.By coarse aggregate during shooting
Particle in the most steady mode and mutually non-caked place on a glass, enter in the case of ensureing there is no other light sources impact
Row (suitably in darkroom, closes camera flash-light).Reverse light source is due to being enclosed in the lighttight chest of a surrounding and bottom
In, the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of therefore top surface printing opacity is illuminated and uniformly, and coarse aggregate surface is not due to almost receiving any light,
And assume deep dark, now obtain image, image at this moment becomes original image, sees Fig. 2.
As seen from Figure 2, original image is hardly visible the particle shade of inside, and exterior contour is clear, only meeting
What internal grey scale change was brought with impact only has some internal corner angle outline lines.Background and to gather materials be " making a clear distinction between good and evil ",
Very big facility can be brought on Threshold segmentation afterwards.Only impact is some minimum gray shades, but grey
Area in Image-Pro Plus for the shade can very little it is easy to distinguish coarse aggregate and shade, and also retains fine
Image outline.
The comprising the following steps that of image procossing：
1) the coarse aggregate original image of acquisition is converted to gray level image using image processing software Image-Pro Plus, sees
Fig. 3；
2) suitable contrast enhancement processing is carried out to image, obtain gray level image such as Fig. 4 of subsequent treatment；
3) gray-scale map is converted into binary map such as Fig. 5 using threshold segmentation method；
4) corner angle of coarse aggregate are given quantized value.
In order to quantify coarse aggregate grain angularity, this example introduces the concept of equivalent ellipsoidal, the schematic diagram of equivalent ellipsoidal
As shown in fig. 6, wherein 1 be equivalent ellipsoidal, 2 be particle, 3 be convex surface.
Because the area of equivalent ellipsoidal and particle, 1 rank square and 2 rank squares are identical, wherein, 1 rank square represents the major axis of particle, and 2
Rank square represents the short axle of particle, and major axis and short axle remain the original profile shape characteristic of particle, thus minimize profile with
Shape is to the impact quantifying corner angle.This is the index that Coarse aggregates angularity quantizating index quotes proposition, and computing formula is shown in formula (1-
1).
Wherein, Angularity represents the corner angle that coarse aggregate quantifies；
Perimeter represents the girth of coarse aggregate particle outline；
PerimeterellipseRepresent the girth of coarse aggregate particle equivalent ellipsoidal, using image processing software Image-Pro
Plus draws according to the binary map of coarse aggregate.
Above index only determines single coarse aggregate grain angularity, but a certain particle diameter coarse aggregate is not single appearance
In asphalt, but occur in certain proportion in asphalt it is contemplated that this point, calculating coarse aggregate
Need during corner angle to calculate its overall corner angle, this example has carried out Area-weighted to the corner angle of coarse aggregate, obtains rough set
The Area-weighted value of material corner angle index, is shown in formula (1-2)
Wherein,Represent the mean value of Coarse aggregates angularity；
Angularity represents single coarse aggregate grain angularity；
Area represents the image projection area of single coarse aggregate particle.
By above step, using Image-Pro Plus software by the girth of the 9.5mm coarse aggregate obtaining, area, etc.
The oval girth of effect, area parameters etc. export in Excel form, and calculate 9.5mm rough set using corner angle quantizating index
The corner angle quantized value of material, is shown in Table 1-3.
Table 1-3 9.5mm Coarse aggregates angularity quantized result
Table 1-3 can obtain, and the Area-weighted value of 9.5mm Coarse aggregates angularity index is：
Fig. 7 is the binary map of 9.5mm Coarse aggregates angularity quantized value.
Analyzed from table 1-3 and Fig. 7,9.5mm Coarse aggregates angularity quantized value is 1.05～1.25, and is concentrated mainly on
1.08～1.16.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique, methods described is directed to coarse aggregate, described
Method is included using digital image acquisition apparatus and image processing system.
2. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Including following steps：
Step one：Select coarse aggregate, the properties of test coarse aggregate；
Step 2：Carry out washing screening, obtain the coarse aggregate of single particle size；
Step 3：Obtain the coarse aggregate image of described single particle size using digital image acquisition apparatus；
Step 4：Using image processing system, the described coarse aggregate image obtaining is processed and identified；
Step 5：Obtain the basic parameter of single coarse aggregate particle, described basic parameter includes area, girth, major axis and/or short
Axle；
Step 6：Coarse aggregates angularity is given to quantify, quantizating index includes circularity, angularity, average minimum profile curvature radius, circle
Shape degree, convexity and based on equivalent ellipsoidal propose corner angle index, the girth of particle equivalent ellipsoidal and particle circumference ratio,
The girth of grain equivalent ellipsoidal and the ratio of the girth of particle convex surface；
Step 7：Evaluate the corner angle of coarse aggregate, the selection for coarse aggregate provides reference.
3. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：In step one, the particle diameter of coarse aggregate is all higher than 4.75mm.
4. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：In step 3, the resolution ratio of digital image acquisition apparatus is 320 ~ 12,000,000 pixels.
5. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：In step 3, the lightsensitivity ISO of digital image acquisition apparatus is 80 ~ 300.
6. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：In step 3, the image bit depth that digital image acquisition apparatus obtain is 216 ~ 232.
7. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：In step 4, when processing image, using image processing software, original image is converted to gray level image.
8. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 7, its feature exists
In：In step 4, processing the gray level image bit depth obtaining is 28 ~ 220.
9. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：In step 4, when processing image, contrast enhancement processing is carried out to image.
10. the Coarse aggregates angularity evaluation method based on Digital image analysis technique according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：In step 6, the quantizating index of described coarse aggregate is relevant with Coarse aggregates angularity, unrelated with the size of coarse aggregate particle.
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