CN106442187A - Impacting ball-pressure testing and evaluation method of engineering material - Google Patents
Impacting ball-pressure testing and evaluation method of engineering material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106442187A CN106442187A CN201610273918.2A CN201610273918A CN106442187A CN 106442187 A CN106442187 A CN 106442187A CN 201610273918 A CN201610273918 A CN 201610273918A CN 106442187 A CN106442187 A CN 106442187A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering material detection and in particular relates to an impacting ball-pressure testing and evaluation method of an engineering material. An impact load and an impact indentation radius are obtained through an impacting ball-pressure test, so that the plasticity resistance, deformation capability, elasticity recovery capability, surface dynamic elastic modulus and shear modulus of the engineering material are analyzed; the impacting ball-pressure testing and evaluation method comprises four parts including test sample treatment, impacting testing, three-dimensional shape inspection and data processing. Compared with the prior art, the impacting ball-pressure testing method provided by the invention can realize polishing on a test sample needing surface treatment; a self-researched automatic ball-pressure tester can be used for carrying out a small-energy impacting ball-pressure test, and shape changes of the test sample are analyzed by measuring a 3D (Three Dimensional) shape of a surface damaged region of the test sample through utilizing a laser confocal technology; finally, test sample surface mechanical properties including the plasticity resistance, deformation capability, elasticity recovery capability, surface dynamic elastic modulus and shear modulus and the like of the surface of the test sample are analyzed through corresponding software; finally, one set of complete impacting ball-pressure testing method of the engineering material is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering material detection technique field, be specifically related to a kind of engineering material impact ball indentation test and
Evaluation method.
Background technology
Wide engineering material is applied itself to there are many initial micro-cracks and defects due to inside, when environment is deposited
When acid medium, cause material internal defect to increase further and the physical property on surface declines.Except being subject to during military service
Outside corroding to surrounding environment chemistry and Biomedia, the erosive wear to infrastructure surface material for the granule medium is not allowed suddenly yet
Depending on, this corrosion function is mainly reflected under physics and chemical cycle corrosion function, causes the extension in its surface damage district and closes,
Ultimately result in structural failure, have a strong impact on durability and the security of infrastructure.
The quality of engineering material quality directly affects the quality of construction quality, and the abrasion that surrounding medium is to engineering material
Corrode and then can complete surface damage detection by impacting ball indentation test, bear different impact load and surface three by specimen surface
The observation of dimension pattern, overall merit draws a rational test result, the engineering material that so the rigorous evaluation of ability is detected
Whether material test specimen disclosure satisfy that the condition of work of reality, but at present conventional impact test method, focus mostly in big energy impact
Test, and by from the impact ball indentation test of little energetic particles, complete set is not also had during reality military service for engineering material
Test method, the specification of material sample, specimen surface performance, specimen surface evaluation index all clearly do not define, test
Process mainly by virtue of experience completes, and so can have a strong impact on test result, and test process is not professional, it is impossible to meet current
Need.
Content of the invention
Present invention is generally directed to the problems referred to above, a kind of test method carrying out to engineering material impacting ball indentation test be provided,
Make small energy impact test improve further, from sample prepare, the carrying out of impact test, the collection of impact data, sample
Surface damage district D surface contouring forms the impact ball indentation test method of complete set to final data process.Impact ball pressure
Test is with Hertzian contact theory as theoretical foundation, and operating process orderliness is clear, and experimental facilities is complete, and data process accurately, can be real
The quick detection of existing engineering material surface impacts abrasion, the following is concrete technical scheme：
The impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material and evaluation method, obtain shock loading and impact by impacting ball indentation test
Impression radius, thus the anti-plasticity of analysis project material, deformability, elastic recovery capability, surface dynamic modulus of elasticity and shearing
Modulus, including the observation of sample pretreating, impact test, three-dimensional appearance and data process four parts, specifically includes following steps：
（1）The surface polishing grinding of sample：Choose the cuboid sample block of 100mmx100mmx100mmx, carry out polishing to it and throw
Light process；
（2）Carry out to sample impacting ball indentation test：Each surface configuration of sample has different shock heights, and each surface sets
Surely there are 6 impact test points, sample are fixed on and carry out impacting ball indentation test on automatic ball pressure percussion mechanism；
（3）Gather impact load value：In impact process, record each impact load value F and time graph, read with this curve
Specimen surface maximum impact payload values P in impact processmaxAnd impact load value is with the change of shock height；
（4）Drawing three-dimensional figure：Observe the degree of injury of specimen surface pattern, cutd open by specimen surface impression 3D shape appearance figure and impression
The peeling of face map analysis sample and micro-crack extension situation, by being measured microscopically impact ball impression size, record difference impact
Under function of height, specimen surface impression size radius r, indentation surface amass S, volume V.
（5）Data process：Impression value is carried out corresponding with its impact load value, calculates specimen surface mechanical property, draw
Response curve figure.
Further, sanding and polishing therein is processed as using TCD-SM-2 abrasive wheel Plane surface grinding machine to carry out to specimen surface beating
Mill polishing.
Further, in step（2）With step（1）Between also include baking step, wherein dry as polishing grinding is good
Sample put into 45 DEG C of oven for drying 24 hours.
Further, step（4）In by LEXTOLS4100 type laser confocal microscope observation specimen surface damage journey
Degree.
Further, in step（5）In mechanical property be specimen surface dynamic stiffness value Hd, restorative coefficient e, dynamic
Elastic modulus E, shear modulus G.
Further, surface dynamic stiffness value Hd, embody the ability of different materials resistance to deformation：
;
Wherein：M is impact ball pellet quality, and E is the elastic modelling quantity of sample, V2 inBefore impact ball bulb contact specimen surface
Relative velocity.
Further, wherein, a is Maximum Contact radius：
；
Wherein R is the impact little radius of a ball of ball,For contact system effective modulus of elasticity.
Further,For contact system effective modulus of elasticity：
；
Wherein E is sample elasticity modulus,For bead elastic modelling quantity, V is the Poisson's ratio of sample.
Further, the surface dynamic modulus of elasticity is：
,
Wherein R is the little radius of a ball,For the Poisson's ratio of bead,For bead elastic modelling quantity, V is the Poisson's ratio of sample；
Described modulus of shearing：
,
Wherein V is the Poisson's ratio of sample, and E is the surface dynamic modulus of elasticity.
Further, restorative coefficient：
, wherein、；
WhereinFor contact system effective modulus of elasticity,For the relative velocity before bead bulb contact specimen surface, m
For pellet quality.
Beneficial effect：Compared with existing impact specimen method, the impact ball indentation test method of the present invention can realize to need to enter
The polishing grinding of row surface treatment sample, and the automatic ball developed voluntarily pressure Apparatus for Impacting at low-temp can be applied to carry out the pressure examination of small energy impact ball
Test, utilize Laser Scanning Confocal measurement specimen surface damage zone 3D morphology analysis sample pattern change, eventually through soft accordingly
Part analyzes the specimen surfaces such as specimen surface plasticity_resistant deformation ability, elastic recovery capability, surface dynamic modulus of elasticity and modulus of shearing
Mechanical property, finally gives the engineering material impact ball indentation test method of complete set.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is impact load and the time plot of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the vickers indentation 2D figure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the impression displacement diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the 3D impression displacement diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the vickers indentation profile of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the sample dynamic stiffness value figure of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the sample restorative coefficient figure of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the sample dynamic modulus of elasticity figure of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the sample dynamic shear modulus figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
One quality is m, radius R, elastic modelling quantity, and the rigid spheres of Poisson's ratio and an elastic modulus E, the sample of Poisson's ratio connects
Touch.Under Impact Load, the point contact method of material surface is to vertical load maximum such as formula（1）Shown in：
；
For the relative velocity before bulb contact material surface,For contact system effective modulus of elasticity：
；
Maximum Contact radius is：
；
Cement mortar sample is in impact process, and dynamic stiffness value can embody the ability of different materials resistance to deformation, and r is actual measurement pressure
Trace value radius, F is the impact load value collecting, dynamic stiffness valueComputing formula is：
；
In formula,.
Before impact, all energy of bulb are kinetic energy, and impact is converted into the elastic deformation energy of material and is plastically deformed after terminating
Can, and fuel factor, the stress of local involves vibration etc., owing to the propagation energy of elastic wave only accounts for the 1%～3% of gross energy, institute
Only to consider elastic deformation and to be plastically deformed.Restorative coefficient e embodies the conversion of energy in impact process, i.e. rebound energyAccount for gross energyRatio：
；
,；
The specimen surface dynamic modulus of elasticity and modulus of shearing are then drawn by impact load value F and impression value r recording：
,.
Embodiment 2
As it is shown in figure 1, and choose the maintenance concrete of 56 days, mortar and Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste sample, rush as a example by these three sample
Batting compacting is tested.Being first according to the test cube that calculated match ratio prepares 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, sample is molded
Form removal after 24 hours takes out sample after putting into standard curing room maintenance 56 days.Owing to three kinds of samples are heterogeneous composite material, institute
Rougher with surface, during impact test, influence whether the reading of bulb impact load value, so carrying out impacting ball pressure
TLD-SM-2 abrasive wheel Plane surface grinding machine is used to carry out strict sanding and polishing process to concrete sample, due to specimen surface before experiment
Having one layer of cement mortar, if too thin during polishing, affecting impression value, polishing thickness then can make the big stone of specimen surface naked too greatly
Dew affects the reading of impact load, so polishing thickness has certain limitations.
Embodiment 3
Three kinds of good for polishing grinding samples are put into immediately 45 DEG C of oven for drying carry out again after 24 hours impacting ball indentation test.Coagulation
The corresponding degree of leaping high in 6 faces of soil sample, each face sets 6 shock points, is fixed on sample on automatic ball pressure Apparatus for Impacting at low-temp
It is ready on fixture impacting ball indentation test.Open impact ball indentation test software on programming software, choose a new files,
And choosing coupon number, the impact ball pressure face number of sample and the impact from each shock surface are counted, and then begin to impact ball pressure
Test.
Embodiment 4
As in figure 2 it is shown, impact load-time graph that Fig. 2 is three kinds of various sample.In impact process, impact ball pressure software meeting
Real time record each impact load value and attack time curve, may be read into specimen surface favourable opposition impact process from this curve
Hit payload values, and impact load value is with the change of shock height.And the impact load time diagram contrasting various sample have understand,
Various sample is owing to case hardness is different under uniform impingement function of height, and impact load value is also different.Impact will punching after terminating
The sample having hit takes out, and is put under LEXTOLS4100 type laser confocal microscope and observes the degree of injury of its surface topography, logical
Cross specimen surface impression 3D shape appearance figure and the more visual in image analysis peeling in sample just face of impression profile and micro-crack expands
Exhibition situation.
Embodiment 5
If Fig. 3 is vickers indentation 2D figure, Fig. 4 is impression displacement diagram, and Fig. 5 is 3D vickers indentation figure, and Fig. 6 is vickers indentation section
Shown in figure, can be by being measured microscopically impact ball pressure impression size, under the different shock height effect of record, specimen surface impression
Size radius, indentation surface are long-pending, volume and sample laminate table ratio.
Embodiment 6
Subsequently by impression value Input Software, corresponding with its impact load value, application impact indentation value and impression size relationship, ask
Obtain specimen surface mechanical property.It is respectively sample dynamic stiffness value, restorative coefficient, dynamic elasticity mould as shown in Figure 7 to 10
Amount, modulus of shearing, the data form obtaining can be derived with various common text formattings.As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, sample moves
State hardness number is different, embodies the difference of specimen surface packing, opposing press-in deformation i.e. anti-plasticity when being impacted by granule medium
The power of deformability.Restorative coefficient has then reacted elastic recovery capability under Impact Load for the material and impact process
The conversion of middle energy, it is stronger that specimen surface resistance to compression enters deformability, and the restorative coefficient of specimen surface is bigger.In granule medium impact
In wear mechanism, more meet reality with the dynamic deformation drag and dynamic deformation specificity analysis wear process of material than static parameter
Border, so application specimen surface dynamic stiffness value evaluates mortar specimen case hardness performance.Fig. 9,10 then embody different examination
The dynamic modulus of elasticity on sample surface and modulus of shearing, can obtain different engineering material by the difference contrasting various sample and suffer
The shock resistance of material during granule medium impact, compared with static modulus of elasticity, dynamic performance parameter is more combined real impact
Process specimen surface performance.
The present invention is corroded by granule medium by different specimen surface performance map contrasts, different engineering materials
When, surface property is different, and surface damage degree is also different, therefore can be tested by impact ball compacting that to choose a kind of durability preferable
Materials application in Practical Project, achievement in research by under granule medium erosion environment cement-based material durability provide depend on
According to.
Claims (10)
1. the impact ball indentation test of an engineering material and evaluation method, it is characterised in that obtained by impacting ball indentation test
Shock loading and impact indentation radius, thus the anti-plasticity of analysis project material, deformability, elastic recovery capability, surface move
Elastic modelling quantity and modulus of shearing, including the observation of sample pretreating, impact test, three-dimensional appearance and data process four parts, specifically wrap
Include following steps：
（1）The surface polishing grinding of sample：Choose the cuboid sample block of 100mmx100mmx100mmx, carry out polishing to it and throw
Light process；
（2）Carry out to sample impacting ball indentation test：Each surface configuration of sample has different shock heights, and each surface sets
Surely there are 6 impact test points, sample are fixed on and carry out impacting ball indentation test on automatic ball pressure percussion mechanism；
（3）Gather impact load value：In impact process, record each impact load value F and time graph, read with this curve
Specimen surface maximum impact payload values P in impact processmaxAnd impact load value is with the change of shock height；
（4）Drawing three-dimensional figure：Observe the degree of injury of specimen surface pattern, cutd open by specimen surface impression 3D shape appearance figure and impression
The peeling of face map analysis sample and micro-crack extension situation, by being measured microscopically impact ball impression size, record difference impact
Under function of height, specimen surface impression size radius r, indentation surface amass S, volume V.
（5）Data process：Impression value is carried out corresponding with its impact load value, calculates specimen surface mechanical property, draw corresponding
Curve map.
2. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 1 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
The sanding and polishing stated is processed as using TCD-SM-2 abrasive wheel Plane surface grinding machine to carry out sanding and polishing process to specimen surface.
3. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 1 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
The step stated（2）With step（1）Between also include baking step, wherein dry as the sample that polishing grinding is good is put into 45 DEG C of bakings
Case is dried 24 hours.
4. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 1 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
The step stated（4）In by LEXTOLS4100 type laser confocal microscope observe specimen surface degree of injury.
5. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 1 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
The step stated（5）In mechanical property be specimen surface dynamic stiffness value Hd, restorative coefficient e, dynamic elastic modulus E, shearing
Modulus G.
6. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 5 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
Surface dynamic stiffness value H statedd, embody the ability of different materials resistance to deformation：
;
Wherein：M is impact ball pellet quality, and E is the elastic modelling quantity of sample, V2 inBefore impact ball bulb contact specimen surface
Relative velocity.
7. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 6 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
State, wherein a is Maximum Contact radius：
；
Wherein R is the impact little radius of a ball of ball,For contact system effective modulus of elasticity.
8. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 6 or 7 and evaluation method, its feature exists
In describedFor contact system effective modulus of elasticity：
；
Wherein E is sample elasticity modulus,For bead elastic modelling quantity, V is the Poisson's ratio of sample.
9. the impact ball indentation test of a kind of engineering material according to claim 5 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
The surface dynamic modulus of elasticity stated：
,
Wherein R is the little radius of a ball,For the Poisson's ratio of bead,For bead elastic modelling quantity, V is the Poisson's ratio of sample；
Described modulus of shearing：
,
Wherein V is the Poisson's ratio of sample, and E is the surface dynamic modulus of elasticity.
10. a kind of engineering material impact ball indentation test according to claim 5 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that institute
The restorative coefficient stated：
, whereinFor rebound energy：,For gross energy：；
WhereinFor contact system effective modulus of elasticity,For the relative velocity before bead bulb contact specimen surface, m is
Pellet quality.
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Cited By (9)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106932271A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-07 | 厦门大学 | A kind of ball indentation test impression dimension measurement method based on reverse-engineering |
| CN107589001A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-16 | 吉林大学 | A kind of material impact experimental method |
| CN107764669A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-03-06 | 吉林大学 | A kind of material deformation experimental method |
| CN107782599A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-03-09 | 吉林大学 | A kind of material breakdown experimental method |
| CN111998794A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-27 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Measuring and evaluating method for maintaining and adhering surface topography of composite material of navigation aircraft |
| CN112098249A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-18 | 东北大学 | Method for qualitatively evaluating crack-stopping toughness of steel plate by using microhardness distribution of impact fracture |
| CN114264542A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-04-01 | 国高材高分子材料产业创新中心有限公司 | Perforation performance measuring method, device and medium based on digital image correlation method |
| CN114295504A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Ball indentation hardness measurement method |
| CN114397315A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for influencing three-dimensional morphology characteristics of coal crushing products by grinding medium |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106932271B (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2019-05-28 | 厦门大学 | A kind of ball indentation test impression dimension measurement method based on reverse-engineering |
| CN106932271A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-07 | 厦门大学 | A kind of ball indentation test impression dimension measurement method based on reverse-engineering |
| CN107589001A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-16 | 吉林大学 | A kind of material impact experimental method |
| CN107764669A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-03-06 | 吉林大学 | A kind of material deformation experimental method |
| CN107782599A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-03-09 | 吉林大学 | A kind of material breakdown experimental method |
| CN107782599B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2020-12-29 | 吉林大学 | Material breakdown experiment method |
| CN111998794B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-04-27 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Measuring and evaluating method for maintaining and adhering surface topography of composite material of navigation aircraft |
| CN111998794A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-27 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Measuring and evaluating method for maintaining and adhering surface topography of composite material of navigation aircraft |
| CN112098249A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-18 | 东北大学 | Method for qualitatively evaluating crack-stopping toughness of steel plate by using microhardness distribution of impact fracture |
| CN114264542A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-04-01 | 国高材高分子材料产业创新中心有限公司 | Perforation performance measuring method, device and medium based on digital image correlation method |
| CN114264542B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2024-04-12 | 国高材高分子材料产业创新中心有限公司 | Perforation performance measuring method, equipment and medium based on digital image correlation method |
| CN114295504A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Ball indentation hardness measurement method |
| CN114295504B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-08-15 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Ball indentation hardness measurement method |
| CN114397315A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for influencing three-dimensional morphology characteristics of coal crushing products by grinding medium |
| CN114397315B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2024-05-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for influencing three-dimensional morphological characteristics of coal crushed products by grinding medium |
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