CN106442135A - Soft clay soil body in-situ testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Soft clay soil body in-situ testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106442135A CN106442135A CN201610889829.0A CN201610889829A CN106442135A CN 106442135 A CN106442135 A CN 106442135A CN 201610889829 A CN201610889829 A CN 201610889829A CN 106442135 A CN106442135 A CN 106442135A
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- dial gauge
- testing device
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dioxo-2-[4-(N-phenylanilino)phenyl]thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound O=C1c2ccccc2S(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc12)-c1ccc(cc1)N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0035—Spring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0423—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a soft clay soil body in-situ testing device and a testing method. The testing method comprises the following steps: S1, cutting a groove with width of 1 cm and depth of 2 cm on each of four sides of a soil sample of 4 cm*6 cm on the surface of a soft soil layer by a cutter; S2, separating the soil sample from a soil body at the lower part; S3, placing a left loading plate and a right loading plate of the testing device into the front groove and the back groove in the long-side direction of the soil sample correspondingly, adjusting loading nuts to enable the left loading plate and the right loading plate to be in contact with the soil sample, and writing down initial readings x10 and x20 of a second dial indicator and a first dial indicator; S4, rotating the loading nuts by one circle and writing down the readings x1 and x2 of the second dial indicator and the first dial indicator; S5, repeating the step S4 till the soil sample is broken; and S6, collating data, drawing a stress-strain relation curve of the soft clay and calculating the E50 of the soft clay. According to the testing device and the testing method, the stress and the deformation of the in-situ soil body are measured simultaneously by a double-spring system, so that the E50 index of the in-situ soft clay can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil body index test field, more particularly, to a kind of bury soil in-situ test device and test side
Method.
Background technology
The conventional method of the test intensity of clay and index of correlation mainly has a unconfined compression test method, triaxial tests method,
Vane-shear method, but for dead-soft clay, moisture content is high because it has, and effective stress is low, the features such as intensity difference, so no
Method carries out intensity and deformation test with traditional strength test method.It is usually used at present measuring dead-soft clay undrained strength
Method has rotation viscometer method, flat board penetration method, miniature four-bladed vane method etc..
The yield strength of soil sample when using rotation viscometer to obtain different rates in rotation viscometer method, and by yield strength
With the Changing Pattern extension of shear rate, obtain the undrained strength that the yield strength that shear rate is when zero is soil sample.Aobvious
So, because rotation viscometer method is a kind of method of indirectly testing undrained strength, and obtain undrained strength data precision relatively
Difference, so when measuring undrained strength with epitaxy, the error being caused by human factor is larger, additionally, rotation viscometer
Test is the undrained strength that the undrained strength that dead-soft soil is reinvented during state completely cannot test weak soil after deposition.Flat board passes through
Enter method to be proposed by Inoue etc. earliest, the method is to carry the stiffener plate carving angle injection several times under Gravitative Loads by 1 piece to survey
The not draining that examination soil layer, the slope according to pile penetration and loading capacity linear relationship and native unit weight can calculate this soil layer of acquisition is strong
Degree.The undrained strength that flat board penetration method obtains is higher than that rotation viscometer method obtains, and the intensity of flat board penetration method test is flat
Undrained strength between plate and soil sample, this intensity is generally below the actual strength of soil layer;Additionally, the soil of flat board penetration method test
The unit weight of layer is identical along depth needs, just can ensure that pile penetration is linear with loading capacity, cannot be used in this way sinking
Weak soil undrained strength test after long-pending.The test philosophy of miniature four-bladed vane method is identical with traditional four-bladed vane method, due to miniature cross
High-precision force snesor is employed, so measuring accuracy is higher than traditional four-bladed vane method in panel assembly.
Because dead-soft clay has, moisture content is high, and effective stress is low, it is impossible to obtain original state examination from scene the features such as intensity difference
Sample, therefore tradition interior experimental technique (such as no confined compression experimental method, triaxial tests method) cannot be carried out intensity and deformation test.
Rotation viscometer method, flat board penetration method, miniature four-bladed vane method etc. can only test pole bury intensity it is impossible to test
Strain, thus E can not be obtained by test result50(strain modulus) index.
Content of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of bury soil in-situ test device and test
Method.
The invention provides a kind of bury soil in-situ test device, including the first load plate, the second load plate, loading
Pad, connecting rod and loading nut, described first load plate, the second load plate and described load pad all be arranged in parallel, described company
Bar one end is through at described load pad and the second load plate successively and is connected with described first load plate, described loading nut with described
The connecting rod other end is threaded, is provided with the first helical spring between the first load plate and described second load plate, and described second adds
It is provided with the second helical spring between support plate and described load pad, also set between described first load plate and described second load plate
There is the first dial gauge, between described second load plate and described load pad, be provided with the second dial gauge..
As a further improvement on the present invention, described first helical spring and described second helical spring are all placed on described company
On bar.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described second load plate is provided with the first fixed seat, described first dial gauge one
End is fixed in described first fixed seat, and the described first dial gauge other end peaks in described first load plate.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described load pad is provided with the second fixed seat, described second dial gauge one end
It is fixed in described second fixed seat, the described second dial gauge other end peaks in described second load plate.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described first dial gauge is all parallel with described connecting rod with described second dial gauge
Setting.
As a further improvement on the present invention, it is provided between described first helical spring one end and described first load plate
One spring fastening, is provided with the first spring shim between the described first helical spring other end and described second load plate, and described
It is provided with second spring pad, the described second helical spring other end and institute between two helical spring one end and described second load plate
State and between load pad, be provided with second spring bearing.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described connecting rod is additionally provided with handle, and described handle is provided close to described loading spiral shell
Female one end.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described first dial gauge and described second dial gauge are digital display centimeter.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this device also includes the native steel wire cutter that cuts of rectangle, described cut native steel wire cutter and sets
There is folding shape handle.
Present invention also offers a kind of bury soil in-situ method of testing, including described bury in-situ testing device and
Following steps:
S1:Respectively cut out a width of 1cm, the deep groove for 2cm with cutter in the soil sample surrounding of weak soil layer surface 4cm × 6cm;
S2:Soil sample is separated with the bottom soil body;
S3:The left load plate of test device and right load plate are respectively placed in recessed along former and later two on soil sample long side direction
In groove, adjustment loads nut, so that left load plate, right load plate is contacted with soil sample, writes down the second dial gauge and the first dial gauge
Initial reading x10And x20;
S4:Rotation loads nut one week, writes down the reading x of the second dial gauge and the first dial gauge1And x2;
S5:Repeat step S4 is till soil sample destruction;
S6:Disposal data, draws the stress strain curve of bury, calculates the E of bury50.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:The present invention measures stress and the deformation of the original position soil body using dual spring system simultaneously,
Solve rotation viscometer method, flat board penetration method, miniature four-bladed vane method etc. can only test pole bury intensity, change can not be tested
The problem of shape, thus the present invention can obtain the E of original position bury50Index.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of present invention bury soil in-situ test device;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation cutting native steel wire cutter of present invention bury soil in-situ test device;
Fig. 3 is soil sample top view;
Fig. 4 is a kind of use state figure of present invention bury soil in-situ test device;
Fig. 5 is a kind of bury stress strain curve figure of present invention bury soil in-situ method of testing.
Reference:1- the first load plate 2- the second load plate 3- load pad 4- connecting rod 5- loads nut 6- the
One helical spring 7- the second helical spring 8- the first dial gauge 9- the second dial gauge 10- the first spring fastening 11- the first bullet
Spring pad 12- second spring pad 14- the first fixed seat 15- the second fixed seat 16- handle 17- cuts native steel wire cutter 18-
Steel wire 19- rolls over shape handle 20- soil sample 21- groove.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the invention discloses a kind of bury soil in-situ test device, including the first load plate
1st, the second load plate 2, load pad 3, connecting rod 4 and load nut 5, described first load plate 1, the second load plate 2 and described plus
Carry pad 3 all to be arranged in parallel, described connecting rod 4 one end is through at described load pad 3 successively and the second load plate 2 adds with described first
Support plate 1 connects, and described loading nut 5 is threadeded with described connecting rod 4 other end, the first load plate 1 and described second load plate 2
Between be provided with the first helical spring 6, be provided with the second helical spring 7, institute between described second load plate 2 and described load pad 3
State and between the first load plate 1 and described second load plate 2, be additionally provided with the first dial gauge 8, described second load plate 2 and described loading
It is provided with the second dial gauge 9 between pad 3.
Described first helical spring 6 and described second helical spring 7 are all placed on described connecting rod 4.
Described second load plate 2 is provided with the first fixed seat 14, and it is fixing that described first dial gauge 8 one end is fixed on described first
On seat 14, described first dial gauge 8 other end peaks in described first load plate 1.
Described load pad 3 is provided with the second fixed seat 15, and described second dial gauge 9 one end is fixed on described second fixed seat
On 15, described second dial gauge 9 other end peaks in described second load plate 2.
Described first dial gauge 8 is all be arranged in parallel with described connecting rod 4 with described second dial gauge 9.
It is provided with the first spring fastening 10 between described first helical spring 6 one end and described first load plate 1, described first
It is provided with the first spring shim 11, described second helical spring 7 one end between helical spring 6 other end and described second load plate 2
It is provided with second spring pad 12, described second helical spring 7 other end and described load pad and described second load plate 2 between
It is provided with second spring bearing between 3.
Described connecting rod 4 is additionally provided with handle 16, and described handle 16 is provided close to described one end loading nut 5.
Described first dial gauge 8 is digital display centimeter with described second dial gauge 9.
This device also includes the native steel wire cutter 17 that cuts of rectangle, described cut native steel wire cutter 17 and is provided with steel wire 18 and folding shape handle
19.
Present invention also offers with above-mentioned test device to clay E50The method of testing of index, comprises the following steps:S1:
Respectively cut out a width of 1cm, the deep groove 21 for 2cm with cutter in soil sample 20 surrounding of weak soil layer surface 4cm × 6cm;S2:By soil sample
20 are separated with the bottom soil body;S3:The left load plate of test device and right load plate are respectively placed in along along soil sample 20 long side direction
Former and later two grooves 21 in, adjustment loads nut 5, makes to do load plate, right load plate is contacted with soil sample 20, writes down the second percentage
Table 9 and the initial reading x of the first dial gauge 810And x20;S4:Rotation loads nut 5 one weeks, writes down the second dial gauge 9 and first
The reading x of dial gauge 81And x2;S5:Repeat step S4 is till soil sample 20 destruction;S6:Disposal data, draws answering of bury
Stress-strain relationship curve map, as shown in figure 3, calculate the E of bury50.
The stiffness coefficient k of the second helical spring 71Represent, the stiffness coefficient k of the first helical spring 62Represent, loading
Certain stage second dial gauge 9 and the first dial gauge 8 reading be x1And x2, then can according to Hooke's law and static balance condition
?:
k1(x1-x10)=k2(x2-x20)+σA
In formula, A is the contact area of bury soil sample 20 and load plate, and σ is soil sample 20 with the contact stress of load plate (i.e.
Axial stress suffered by soil sample 20), as available from the above equation
Axial stress is finally obtained by above formula.Defined according to axial strain, then the reading x by the first dial gauge 82Calculate
To the axial strain of soil sample 20, that is,
In formula, l0Initial length for sample.
Table 1 gives one group of data, wherein x10=x20=0.2cm.
Table 1 data
By table 1 data draw bury stress strain curve figure, as shown in figure 3, determined soft viscous according to curve
Soil classifiction qf, it is then determined that going out stress is qf/ 2 corresponding strain stress50, thus the E of this bury can be calculated50, that is,
The test device small volume of the present invention, light quality, it is easy to field condition and use;The method of testing of the present invention is existing
Field is carried out, and need not take out undisturbed sample to indoor laboratory from scene, solve the problems, such as that dead-soft clay cannot sample;The present invention
Measure stress and the deformation of the original position soil body using dual spring system simultaneously, solve rotation viscometer method, flat board penetration method, miniature
Four-bladed vane method etc. can only test pole bury intensity, the problem of deformation can not be tested, thus the present invention can obtain soft viscous in situ
The E of soil50Index;The present invention can be according to the soft or hard degree of bury, by the spring from proper stiffness it is ensured that the essence of measurement
Degree.
Above content is to further describe it is impossible to assert with reference to specific preferred embodiment is made for the present invention
Being embodied as of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
On the premise of present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bury in-situ testing device it is characterised in that:Including the first load plate, the second load plate, load pad, company
Bar and load nut, described first load plate, the second load plate and described load pad all be arranged in parallel, described connecting rod one end according to
Secondary described load pad and the second load plate of being through at is connected with described first load plate, and described loading nut is another with described connecting rod
End is threaded, is provided with the first helical spring, described second load plate and institute between the first load plate and described second load plate
State and between load pad, be provided with the second helical spring, between described first load plate and described second load plate, be additionally provided with the 100th
Divide table, between described second load plate and described load pad, be provided with the second dial gauge.
2. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described first helical spring and described
Second helical spring is all placed on described connecting rod.
3. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described second load plate is provided with first
Fixed seat, described first dial gauge one end is fixed in described first fixed seat, and the described first dial gauge other end peaks at described
In first load plate.
4. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 3 it is characterised in that:It is solid that described load pad is provided with second
Reservation, described second dial gauge one end is fixed in described second fixed seat, and the described second dial gauge other end peaks at described
In two load plate.
5. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described first dial gauge and described the
Two dial gauges are all be arranged in parallel with described connecting rod.
6. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 2 it is characterised in that:Described first helical spring one end with
It is provided with the first spring fastening, between the described first helical spring other end and described second load plate between described first load plate
It is provided with the first spring shim, between described second helical spring one end and described second load plate, be provided with second spring pad, institute
State and be provided with second spring bearing between the second helical spring other end and described load pad.
7. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described connecting rod is additionally provided with handle, institute
State handle and be provided close to described one end loading nut.
8. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described first dial gauge and described the
Two dial gauges are digital display centimeter.
9. bury in-situ testing device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:What this device also included rectangle cuts soil
Steel wire cutter, described cut native steel wire cutter be provided with folding shape handle.
10. a kind of bury home position testing method is it is characterised in that the bury including described in any one of claim 1-9 is former
Bit test device and following steps:
S1:Respectively cut out a width of 1cm, the deep groove for 2cm with cutter in the soil sample surrounding of weak soil layer surface 4cm × 6cm;
S2:Soil sample is separated with the bottom soil body;
S3:The left load plate of test device and right load plate are respectively placed in along former and later two grooves on soil sample long side direction
Interior, adjustment loads nut, so that left load plate, right load plate is contacted with soil sample, write down the second dial gauge and the first dial gauge at the beginning of
Beginning reading x10And x20;
S4:Rotation loads nut one week, writes down the reading x of the second dial gauge and the first dial gauge1And x2;
S5:Repeat step S4 is till soil sample destruction;
S6:Disposal data, draws the stress strain curve of bury, calculates the E of bury50.
Priority Applications (2)
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CN201610889829.0A CN106442135A (en) | 2016-10-11 | 2016-10-11 | Soft clay soil body in-situ testing device and testing method |
PCT/CN2017/090032 WO2018068529A1 (en) | 2016-10-11 | 2017-06-26 | In-situ test device and method for soft clay body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201610889829.0A CN106442135A (en) | 2016-10-11 | 2016-10-11 | Soft clay soil body in-situ testing device and testing method |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018068529A1 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-19 | 深圳大学 | In-situ test device and method for soft clay body |
CN108106949A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-01 | 深圳大学 | Method and symmetrical direct shear apparatus for stake Soil Interface shearing strength in-situ test |
CN114279862A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-04-05 | 莆田学院 | Stress-strain three-dimensional test platform and test method |
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WO2018068529A1 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-19 | 深圳大学 | In-situ test device and method for soft clay body |
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