CN106441545A - Pressure-gradient hydrophone, pressure gradient obtaining device, and pressure-gradient hydrophone apparatus - Google Patents
Pressure-gradient hydrophone, pressure gradient obtaining device, and pressure-gradient hydrophone apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106441545A CN106441545A CN201610797967.6A CN201610797967A CN106441545A CN 106441545 A CN106441545 A CN 106441545A CN 201610797967 A CN201610797967 A CN 201610797967A CN 106441545 A CN106441545 A CN 106441545A
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- transducing
- diaphragm seal
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 119
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
- G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure-gradient hydrophone, a pressure gradient obtaining device, and a pressure-gradient hydrophone apparatus. The pressure-gradient hydrophone comprises a bar-shaped energy transduction wafer, a housing, a first sound transparent sealing piece, a second sound transparent sealing piece, and a wire. The housing is of a tubular structure, and the housing is provided with the bar-shaped energy transduction wafer in a sleeved manner. Two ends of the bar-shaped energy transduction wafer are respectively plated with a conductive material. The first sound transparent sealing piece is disposed at one end of the housing in a sleeved manner, and the second sound transparent sealing piece is disposed at the other end of the housing in a sleeved manner. Two ends of the bar-shaped energy transduction wafer are respectively coupled to an external load through the wire. Because of a half-wavelength receiving mode, the pressure-gradient hydrophone effectively enlarges the frequency receiving range, and the piezoelectric wafer is higher in lateral piezoelectric coefficient than commonly used piezoelectric ceramic and has the acoustic impedance features more similar to the acoustic impedance features of a water medium, thereby greatly improving the receiving sensitivity of the pressure-gradient hydrophone and the measurement precision of the pressure intensity. Because of the change of the receiving mode and the working mode of a sound sensitive element, the pressure-gradient hydrophone improves the receiving sensitivity and measurement precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to differential hydrophone technical field, be specifically related to a kind of differential hydrophone and barometric gradient obtains
Method, differential water device for tone frequencies.
Background technology
With scientific and technical development and progress, the application technology of differential hydrophone is also developing progressively ripe.Pressure
Different the produced acoustical signals of gradient pressure under water can be converted to the signal of telecommunication by it by differential hydrophone such that it is able to according to not
With signal of telecommunication difference and obtain barometric gradient under water, and then obtained relatively broad application.In prior art, pressure reduction
The transductive material overwhelming majority of formula hydrophone makes yet by composite, and by arranging sufficiently large capacitance, to reach
Higher receiving sensitivity and the certainty of measurement to pressure, and then accurate barometric gradient can be obtained.But bigger electric capacity
Amount causes differential hydrophone needs to make bigger size.And owing to differential hydrophone volume is excessive, had a strong impact on pressure
The portability of differential hydrophone use and applicability.Therefore, how by the improvement of technology, miniature or medium-sized volume can be made
Differential hydrophone can have higher receiving sensitivity and the certainty of measurement to pressure is current industry a great problem.
Content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of differential hydrophone and barometric gradient acquisition methods, pressure reduction
Formula water device for tone frequencies.Effectively to improve the receiving sensitivity of differential pressure type hydrophone of miniature or medium-sized volume and the survey to pressure
Accuracy of measurement.
Embodiments of the invention are realized in：
First aspect, embodiments provides a kind of differential hydrophone, including：Strip transducing wafer, shell,
One entrant sound diaphragm seal, the second entrant sound diaphragm seal and wire, described shell is tubular structure, the sheathed described strip transducing of described shell
Wafer, the two ends of described strip transducing wafer are all coated with conductive material, the one of the described first sheathed described shell of entrant sound diaphragm seal
End, the other end of the described second sheathed described shell of entrant sound diaphragm seal, the two ends of described strip transducing wafer are by wire respectively
Couple with external loading.Described first entrant sound diaphragm seal is used for isolating described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition, and by water
In the first acoustical signal be transferred to one end of described strip transducing wafer.Described second entrant sound diaphragm seal is for changing described strip
Energy wafer and external environment condition isolation, and the rising tone signal in water is transferred to the other end of described strip transducing wafer.Described
Described first acoustical signal that strip transducing wafer is used to be received described first entrant sound diaphragm seal input by one end is another with it
One end receives the described rising tone signal of described second entrant sound diaphragm seal input, and described first acoustical signal is converted to the first electricity
Signal exports described external loading and described rising tone signal is converted to second signal of telecommunication exports described external loading, with
Described external loading is made to obtain barometric gradient by relatively described first acoustical signal and described rising tone signal difference.
Further, described strip transducing wafer includes：Lead zinc niobate-lead titanates, PMN-PT, magnoniobate
Lead-lead zirconate titanate, lead niobate lead indate-lead-PMN-PT or its compositions derived therefrom relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal are made.
Further, described strip transducing wafer is lead based relaxor single-chip, and the mode of operation of described single-chip is [011]
Crystal orientation polarizes, horizontal d32([100] crystal orientation) or d31([0-11] crystal orientation) drives.
Further, described shell includes：Acoustic damping shell and containment vessel, the sheathed described strip of described acoustic damping shell changes
Energy wafer, the sheathed described acoustic damping shell of described containment vessel.
Further, described acoustic damping shell and described containment vessel are tubular structure.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of differential water device for tone frequencies, including：Body, multiple cavity with
And multiple described differential hydrophone；Each described cavity all runs through described body, each described cavity and adjacent described sky
Chamber is respectively provided with angle, and each described differential hydrophone may be contained within described cavity.
Further, the shape size of each described cavity all mates with the shape size of described differential hydrophone.
Further, described body is column structure, and described cavity is two, and two described cavitys are mutually perpendicular to.
Further, described body is spheroid, and described cavity is three, each described cavity all with two adjacent cavitys
There are 60 ° of angles.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of barometric gradient acquisition methods, is applied to described differential
Hydrophone, described method includes：Described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition are isolated by described first entrant sound diaphragm seal, and by water
In the first acoustical signal be transferred to one end of described strip transducing wafer.Described second entrant sound seals described strip transducing wafer
Isolate with external environment condition, and the rising tone signal in water is transferred to the other end of described strip transducing wafer.Described strip changes
All can receive institute by described first acoustical signal and its other end of the described first entrant sound diaphragm seal input of one end reception by wafer
State the described rising tone signal of the second entrant sound diaphragm seal input, and described first acoustical signal is converted to first signal of telecommunication exports
Described external loading and described rising tone signal is converted to second signal of telecommunication exports described external loading, so that described outside
Load obtains barometric gradient by relatively described first acoustical signal and described rising tone signal difference.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the benefit that：By the tubular structure of shell, shell just can sheathed strip transducing wafer.
By the two ends of strip transducing wafer are all plated conductive material, so that the electrode of strip transducing wafer cuts off in centre, and
So that the two ends of strip transducing wafer are respectively provided with polarity.By one end of the first sheathed shell of entrant sound diaphragm seal, and pass through again
The other end of the second sheathed shell of entrant sound diaphragm seal, and by by the two ends of strip transducing wafer all by wire and external loading
Coupling.Thus just achieve while transducing wafer is sealed under water and external loading also achieves coupling.
First entrant sound diaphragm seal is by isolating strip transducing wafer and external environment condition, and is transferred to the acoustical signal in water
Strip transducing wafer.Strip transducing wafer just can be received the first acoustical signal of the first entrant sound diaphragm seal input by one end.
The electrode of strip transducing wafer is cut off in centre, thus one end of strip transducing wafer is received the first entrant sound diaphragm seal input
The first acoustical signal after being converted to first signal of telecommunication, just one end of strip transducing wafer is exported external loading.Second entrant sound
Diaphragm seal is by isolating strip transducing wafer and external environment condition, and the acoustical signal in water is transferred to strip transducing wafer.Bar
Shape transducing wafer just all can be received the rising tone signal of the second entrant sound diaphragm seal input by its other end.Strip transducing wafer
Electrode cut off in centre, thus the other end of strip transducing wafer received second entrant sound diaphragm seal input the rising tone letter
Number after being converted to second signal of telecommunication, just the other end of strip transducing wafer is exported external loading.And owing to strip transducing is brilliant
The difference of position, piece two ends, received first acoustical signal and rising tone signal are also different.Due to received first
Acoustical signal and the difference of rising tone signal, thus it is input to first signal of telecommunication of external loading and second signal of telecommunication is also different, enter
And external loading just correspondence can calculate strip transducing wafer two by the difference calculating first signal of telecommunication and second signal of telecommunication
Barometric gradient between end.
Owing in differential hydrophone, strip transducing wafer is sheathed by shell, and shell is tubular structure, thus strip
The two ends of transducing wafer are the free ends do not closed by shell.Owing to the two ends of strip transducing wafer are free, thus strip
The two ends of transducing wafer all can receive acoustical signal, and then the strip transducing wafer of differential hydrophone can be in the way of half-wavelength
Acoustical signal is received.Due to the reception mode of its half-wavelength, thus its frequency range receiving effectively increasing, and use
Piezoelectric chip have horizontal piezoelectric modulus more higher than conventional piezoelectric ceramics and with aqueous medium closer acoustic impedance features present, from
And differential hydrophone receiving sensitivity and certainty of measurement to pressure can be greatly improved.Sensitive owing to which is reception mode harmony
The change of element manipulation pattern such that it is able to effectively improve the receiving sensitivity of the differential hydrophone of micro-volume and to pressure
Strong certainty of measurement.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will illustrate at specification subsequently, and, partly become from specification
It is clear that or understood by implementing the embodiment of the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by being write
Structure specifically noted in specification, claims and accompanying drawing realizes and obtains.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing using is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is real that the accompanying drawing in describing below is only the part of the present invention
Execute example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawing.By shown in accompanying drawing, the above and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage will become apparent from.Entirely
The identical part of reference instruction identical in portion's accompanying drawing.Deliberately do not draw accompanying drawing, weight by actual size equal proportion scaling
Point is to illustrate the purport of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of a kind of differential hydrophone that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 shows the flow chart of a kind of barometric gradient acquisition methods that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of the first embodiment of a kind of differential water device for tone frequencies that the embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 4 shows the structural representation of the second embodiment of a kind of differential water device for tone frequencies that the embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure.
Icon：The differential hydrophone of 100-；110-strip transducing wafer；120-shell；121-acoustic damping shell；122-protects
Protective case；130-the first entrant sound diaphragm seal；140-the second entrant sound diaphragm seal；150-wire；200-differential water device for tone frequencies；210-is originally
Body；220-cavity；300-differential water device for tone frequencies；310-body；320-cavity.
Detailed description of the invention
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage for making the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
The a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.The present invention generally described and illustrated in accompanying drawing herein implements
The assembly of example can be arranged with various different configurations and design.
Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention providing in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of the selected embodiment of the present invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of not making creative work, broadly falls into the model of present invention protection
Enclose.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represent similar terms, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi in following accompanying drawing
Individual accompanying drawing is defined, does not then need to define it further and explain in accompanying drawing subsequently.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that term " pushes up ", " end ", " side ", " interior ", the side of the instruction such as " outward "
Position or position relationship are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, or the side usually put when this invention product uses
Position or position relationship, be for only for ease of and describe the present invention and simplify description, rather than instruction or the device or the unit that imply indication
Part must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention.This
Outward, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing and describe, and it is not intended that indicate or hint relative importance.
In describing the invention, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " arrange ",
" connect " and should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixing connect, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or be integrally connected；Can be
It is mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two
The connection of element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood in the present invention with concrete condition
In concrete meaning
Referring to Fig. 1, embodiments providing a kind of differential hydrophone 100, differential hydrophone 100 includes：
Strip transducing wafer the 110th, shell the 120th, the first entrant sound diaphragm seal the 130th, the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 and wire 150.
In the present embodiment, differential hydrophone 100 can be horizontal mode of operation, thus strip transducing wafer 110
Can be by：Lead zinc niobate-lead titanates (PZN-PT), lead magnesio-niobate-lead titanates (PMN-PT), lead magnesio-niobate-lead zirconate titanate
(PMN-PZT), the relaxation ferro-electricity single crystal such as lead niobate lead indate-lead-PMN-PT (PIN-PMN-PT) or its compositions derived therefrom is made
The column structure becoming.Due to lead zinc niobate-lead titanates (PZN-PT), PMN-PT (PMN-PT), lead magnesio-niobate-zirconium
The materials such as lead titanates (PMN-PZT), lead niobate lead indate-lead-PMN-PT (PIN-PMN-PT) have high horizontal piezoelectricity
The horizontal piezoelectric constant d32 ≈ of constant, such as PZN-PT-(3000～4000) pC/N, horizontal piezoelectric constant d31 ≈ 1100pC/
N.And the acoustic impedance of this PZN-PT is about 7MRayls, the acoustic impedance of this acoustic impedance and water is closer to.Therefore, above-mentioned material is non-
It is often suitable for making the strip transducing wafer 110 of high receiving sensitivity such that it is able to there is higher sensitivity.
The two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 are all coated with conductive material.Owing to conductive material cover only strip transducing wafer
The two ends of 110, thus the electrode of strip transducing wafer 110 is cut off in centre, thus the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 are all logical
Cross be coated with conductive material and individually there is polarity.Thus the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 all can be individually by acoustical signal
Being converted into the signal of telecommunication, the signal of telecommunication that the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 are formed also is divided by the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 respectively
Individually do not export.In the present embodiment, conducting metal can be：Silver, copper, gold, aluminium, tungsten, nickel and iron etc..
As a kind of mode, when differential hydrophone 100 is when shallow water area uses, strip transducing wafer 110 is permissible
Polarize for [011] crystal orientation for working method, and carried out the transverse mode lead based relaxor monocrystalline of acoustical signal sensing by (100) face
Piece, so that hydrophone 100 can have the high sensitivity of measurement acoustical signal in shallow water area.And work as differential hydrophone 100
When using in territory, deep-sea, strip transducing wafer 110 can be [011] crystal orientation polarization d31 pattern, and is entered by (0-11) face
The transverse mode lead based relaxor single-chip of row acoustical signal sensing, thus to ensure that differential hydrophone 100 works in territory, deep-sea
Also there is in the case of stability the high sensitivity to acoustical signal measurement.It should be noted that (100) face can be strip transducing
The two ends of wafer 110, and (0-11) face can be the sidewall of strip transducing wafer 110.
Shell 120 includes：Acoustic damping shell 121 and containment vessel 122, acoustic damping shell 121 and containment vessel 122 are all permissible
For tubular structure.Acoustic damping shell 121 can sheathed strip transducing wafer 110, and enable the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110
It is positioned at the opening part at acoustic damping shell 121 two ends.The shape size of acoustic damping shell 121 internal diameter and strip transducing wafer 110
Shape size mates, thus acoustic damping shell 121 just can close sheathed strip transducing wafer 110.Optionally, outside acoustic damping
Shell 121 can be made up of the elastomeric material of acoustic damping.By acoustic damping shell 121 by after sheathed for strip transducing wafer 110, acoustic resistance
Buddhist nun's shell 121 has completely cut off acoustical signal.Acoustical signal in water just can only not inputted by sheathed two ends from strip transducing wafer 110,
Thus the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 just can be respectively formed the free end receiving acoustical signal, and then strip transducing wafer 110 is just
Acoustical signal can be received in the way of half-wavelength.
The shape size coupling of the internal diameter size of containment vessel 122 and acoustic damping shell 121, thus containment vessel 122 just can
By sheathed acoustic damping shell 121 again, so that protection can be formed to acoustic damping shell 121 and strip transducing wafer 110, and can
Isolation acoustic damping shell 121 and the contact of strip transducing wafer 110 and water.Owing to the two ends of containment vessel 122 are respectively provided with opening, from
And need by the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130, one end of containment vessel 122 to be closed, and again will by the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140
The other end of containment vessel 122 is closed, and then forms totally enclosed structure.The shape size of the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 and protection
The shape size coupling of shell 122 one end open.Thus by first edge of entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 and opening of containment vessel 122 one end
Mouth is fixing to be connected, and the opening of containment vessel 122 one end just can be sealed by the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130.Second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140
Shape size and containment vessel 122 other end opening shape size coupling.Thus by the edge of the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 and
The opening of containment vessel 122 other end is fixing to be connected, and the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 just can be by the opening of containment vessel 122 other end
Seal.By the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130, one end of containment vessel 122 is closed and passed through the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 again and will protect
The other end of protective case 122 is closed, and differential hydrophone 100 just can form totally enclosed structure, thus completely cuts off with water.Due to sound
The transmission of signal can pass through the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 and the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140, thus the acoustical signal in water just can
Input strip transducing wafer 110 two ends by the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 and the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 respectively.Strip transducing
Wafer 110 two ends, by being respectively received acoustical signal, just can be respectively converted into corresponding telecommunications by being respectively received acoustical signal
Number.
The two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 pass through wire 150 and external loading coupling respectively.Strip transducing wafer 110
After wire and external loading coupling are passed through in one end, first signal of telecommunication that one end produces just can be passed through by strip transducing wafer 110
Wire exports external loading.After the other end of strip transducing wafer 110 passes through wire and external loading coupling, strip transducing is brilliant
Second signal of telecommunication that the other end produces just can be exported external loading by wire by piece 110.
External loading, by calculating the pressure difference corresponding to first signal of telecommunication and the second signal of telecommunication difference, just can obtain
The difference of the pressure values in the water detected respectively of the two ends of differential hydrophone 100.It should be noted that wire 150 leads to
Cross and be each passed through the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 and the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 couples with strip transducing wafer 110, thus first
Entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 and the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 are equipped with the through hole being mated with the bore of wire 150, and then wire 150
By the through hole of the through hole and the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 that are each passed through the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 and strip transducing wafer 110
After coupling, due to its bore coupling, differential hydrophone 100 is maintained to the state fully sealing.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 shows the flow chart of a kind of barometric gradient acquisition methods that the embodiment of the present invention provides.Institute
The method of stating includes：Step S100, step S200 and step S300.
Step S100：Described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition are isolated by described first entrant sound diaphragm seal, and by water
The first acoustical signal be transferred to one end of described strip transducing wafer；
Step S200：Described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition are isolated by described second entrant sound diaphragm seal, and by water
Rising tone signal be transferred to the other end of described strip transducing wafer；
Step S300：Described strip transducing wafer all receives the described of described first entrant sound diaphragm seal input by one end
First acoustical signal and its other end receive the described rising tone signal of described second entrant sound diaphragm seal input, and by described first sound
Signal is converted to first signal of telecommunication and exports described external loading and described rising tone signal is converted to the second signal of telecommunication output
To described external loading, so that described external loading is by relatively described first acoustical signal and described rising tone signal difference
Obtain barometric gradient.
Those skilled in the art is it can be understood that arrive, for convenience and simplicity of description, and the method for foregoing description
Specific works process, the corresponding process being referred in aforementioned means, do not repeat them here.
Referring to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of differential water device for tone frequencies 200.This differential water device for tone frequencies 200
Including：Body the 210th, cavity 220 and differential hydrophone 100.As a kind of mode, the cavity in differential water device for tone frequencies 200
220 can be multiple, and also can be multiple with the corresponding differential hydrophone 100 of cavity 220.Thus pass through multiple differential
The measurement of hydrophone 100, just can measure the barometric gradient of multiple directions, and then can obtain more accurate pressure gradiometry
Value.The shape size of each cavity 220 all mates with the shape size of differential hydrophone 100, thus each differential water is listened
Device 100 all can be arranged in cavity 220.Each cavity 220 all runs through body 210, to ensure the two of differential hydrophone 100
End is all able to receive that voice signal.Each cavity 220 and adjacent cavity 220 are respectively provided with angle, thus differential water device for tone frequencies
The measurement of 200 voice signals being just capable of multiple directions, by the voice signal measured by integrated treatment multiple directions, enters
And also can obtain the barometric gradient of multiple directions, and then more accurate pressure gradiometry value can be obtained.
As it is shown on figure 3, Fig. 3 shows that embodiment provides the first embodiment of a kind of differential water device for tone frequencies 200.Body
210 can be cylinder, and the quantity of cavity 220 is two, and the quantity of corresponding differential hydrophone 100 is also two.Often
Individual cavity 220 is arranged between top and the bottom of body 210, and the direction that two cavitys 220 are run through is orthogonal, and two skies
The direction that chamber 220 is run through is parallel with the top of body 210 and bottom respectively.Each differential hydrophone 100 may be contained within institute
In corresponding cavity 220, thus differential water device for tone frequencies 200 is just capable of the two-dimentional sound to mutually orthogonal both direction
The measurement of signal, and then differential water device for tone frequencies 200 just can be measured that the two-dimensional pressure gradient of mutually orthogonal both direction.
Such as Fig. 4, Fig. 4 shows that embodiment provides the second embodiment of a kind of differential water device for tone frequencies 300.Body 310
Can be spheroid, the quantity of cavity 320 be three, and the quantity of corresponding differential hydrophone 100 is also three.Each cavity
320 are arranged in body 310, and three cavitys 320 can surround equilateral triangle.The direction that each cavity 320 is run through
The angle running through direction formation 60 ° with adjacent cavities 320.Each differential hydrophone 100 may be contained within corresponding cavity
In 220, thus differential water device for tone frequencies 200 is just capable of the three dimensional sound message to three directions mutually forming 60 ° of angles
Number measurement, and then differential water device for tone frequencies 200 just can be measured that the three-dimensional pressure in three directions mutually forming 60 ° of angles
Gradient.
In sum, a kind of differential pressure type hydrophone 100 and pressure differential acquisition methods, differential are embodiments provided
Water device for tone frequencies 200.By the tubular structure of shell 120, shell 120 just can sheathed strip transducing wafer 110.By changing strip
The two ends of energy wafer 110 all plate conductive material, so that the electrode of strip transducing wafer 110 cuts off in centre, and so that bar
The two ends of shape transducing wafer 110 are respectively provided with polarity.By one end of the first sheathed shell 120 of entrant sound diaphragm seal 130, and lead to again
Cross the other end of the second sheathed shell 120 of entrant sound diaphragm seal 140, and by the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 all by wire 150
With external loading coupling.It is achieved thereby that also achieve with external loading while strip transducing wafer 110 is sealed under water
Coupling.
First entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 is by isolating strip transducing wafer 110 and external environment condition, and by the acoustical signal in water
It is transferred to strip transducing wafer 110.Strip transducing wafer 110 just all can receive the first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 by one end
First acoustical signal of input.The electrode of strip transducing wafer 110 is cut off in centre, thus one end of strip transducing wafer 110
Received first entrant sound diaphragm seal 130 input the first acoustical signal after being converted to first signal of telecommunication just by strip transducing wafer
One end of 110 exports external loading.Second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 by isolating strip transducing wafer 110 and external environment condition,
And the acoustical signal in water is transferred to strip transducing wafer 110.Strip transducing wafer 110 just all can be received by its other end
The rising tone signal of the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 input.The electrode of strip transducing wafer 110 is cut off in centre, thus strip
The rising tone signal that the other end of transducing wafer 110 is received the second entrant sound diaphragm seal 140 input is being converted to second signal of telecommunication
After just the other end of strip transducing wafer 110 is exported external loading.And due to position, strip transducing wafer 110 two ends
Difference, received first acoustical signal and rising tone signal are also different.Due to the first received acoustical signal and the rising tone
The difference of signal, thus it is input to first signal of telecommunication of external loading and second signal of telecommunication is also different, and then external loading passes through
Calculate first signal of telecommunication and the difference of second signal of telecommunication just corresponding can calculate the pressure between strip transducing wafer 110 two ends
Gradient.
Owing in differential hydrophone 100, strip transducing wafer 110 is sheathed by shell 120, and shell 120 is tied for tubulose
Structure, the two ends from strip transducing wafer 110 are the free ends do not closed by shell 120.Due to strip transducing wafer 110
Two ends freely, thus the two ends of strip transducing wafer 110 all can receive acoustical signal, and then the strip of differential hydrophone 100
Acoustical signal can be received in the way of half-wavelength by transducing wafer 110.Due to the reception mode of its half-wavelength, thus effectively
Increase its receive frequency range, and use piezoelectric chip have horizontal piezoelectric modulus more higher than conventional piezoelectric ceramics and
The closer acoustic impedance features present with aqueous medium, it is thus possible to be greatly improved differential hydrophone receiving sensitivity and the measurement to pressure
Precision.Owing to which is the change of reception mode harmony sensing element mode of operation such that it is able to effective raising micro-volume
The receiving sensitivity of differential hydrophone 100 and the certainty of measurement to pressure.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a differential hydrophone, it is characterised in that include：Strip transducing wafer, shell, the first entrant sound diaphragm seal, second
Entrant sound diaphragm seal and wire, described shell is tubular structure, the sheathed described strip transducing wafer of described shell, described strip transducing
The two ends of wafer are all coated with conductive material, and one end of the described first sheathed described shell of entrant sound diaphragm seal, described second entrant sound is close
The other end of the sheathed described shell of mounting, the two ends of described strip transducing wafer are coupled with external loading respectively by wire；
Described first entrant sound diaphragm seal is used for isolating described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition, and by the first sound letter in water
It number is transferred to one end of described strip transducing wafer；
Described second entrant sound diaphragm seal is used for isolating described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition, and by the rising tone letter in water
It number is transferred to the other end of described strip transducing wafer；
Described strip transducing wafer is used to be received the described first sound letter of described first entrant sound diaphragm seal input by one end
Number and its other end receive described second entrant sound diaphragm seal input described rising tone signal, and will described first acoustical signal change
Be first signal of telecommunication export described external loading and described rising tone signal is converted to second signal of telecommunication export described outside
Section load, so that described external loading obtains pressure ladder by relatively described first acoustical signal and described rising tone signal difference
Degree.
2. differential hydrophone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described strip transducing wafer includes：Niobium zincic acid
Lead-lead titanates, PMN-PT, lead magnesio-niobate-lead zirconate titanate, lead niobate lead indate-lead-PMN-PT or its derive
Component relaxor ferroelectric crystal is made.
3. differential hydrophone according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described strip transducing wafer is lead based relaxor list
Wafer, the mode of operation of described single-chip polarizes for [011] crystal orientation, horizontal d32([100] crystal orientation) or d31([0-11] crystal orientation) drives
Dynamic.
4. differential hydrophone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described shell includes：Acoustic damping shell and guarantor
Protective case, the sheathed described strip transducing wafer of described acoustic damping shell, the sheathed described acoustic damping shell of described containment vessel.
5. differential hydrophone according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described acoustic damping shell and described containment vessel are equal
For tubular structure.
6. a differential water device for tone frequencies, it is characterised in that include：Body, multiple cavity and multiple appoint such as claim 1-5
Differential hydrophone described in one；Each described cavity all runs through described body, each described cavity and adjacent described sky
Chamber is respectively provided with angle, and each described differential hydrophone may be contained within described cavity.
7. water device for tone frequencies according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the shape size of each described cavity all with described pressure
The shape size coupling of differential hydrophone.
8. water device for tone frequencies according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described body is column structure, and described cavity is two
Individual, two described cavitys are mutually perpendicular to.
9. water device for tone frequencies according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described body is spheroid, described cavity is three, often
Individual described cavity all has 60 ° of angles with two adjacent cavitys.
10. a barometric gradient acquisition methods, it is characterised in that be applied to as described in any one of claim 1-5 is differential
Hydrophone, described method includes：
Described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition are isolated by described first entrant sound diaphragm seal, and pass the first acoustical signal in water
It is passed to one end of described strip transducing wafer；
Described strip transducing wafer and external environment condition are isolated by described second entrant sound diaphragm seal, and pass the rising tone signal in water
It is passed to the other end of described strip transducing wafer；
Described strip transducing wafer all by one end receive described first entrant sound diaphragm seal input described first acoustical signal and
Its other end receives the described rising tone signal of described second entrant sound diaphragm seal input, and described first acoustical signal is converted to the
One signal of telecommunication exports described external loading and described rising tone signal is converted to second signal of telecommunication exports described outside and bear
Carry, so that described external loading obtains barometric gradient by relatively described first acoustical signal and described rising tone signal difference.
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| CN201610797967.6A CN106441545A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Pressure-gradient hydrophone, pressure gradient obtaining device, and pressure-gradient hydrophone apparatus |
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| CN201610797967.6A CN106441545A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Pressure-gradient hydrophone, pressure gradient obtaining device, and pressure-gradient hydrophone apparatus |
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| WO2018041238A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | Beijing Supersonic Technology Co., Ltd. | Hydrophone, transduction method, and compound hydrophone |
| CN107990971A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-04 | 长沙深之瞳信息科技有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional differential optical fiber vector hydrophone |
| CN108548631A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 武汉映瑞电力科技有限公司 | One kind can excited gas pressure vessel pressure measurement method |
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