CN1064414A

CN1064414A - The bat that ball game is used, particularly tennis racket

Info

Publication number: CN1064414A
Application number: CN91105078A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 西格弗里德·库布勒
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-07-27
Filing date: 1991-07-27
Publication date: 1992-09-16
Also published as: DE59105564D1; MY107222A; ATE122907T1; EP0468263A1; JPH04236973A; JP3129772B2; EP0468263B1; DK0468263T3; CA2047076A1; ES2076423T3; DE4106067A1

Abstract

The bat that ball game is used, particularly tennis racket comprises the string rope that is configured in the rack, and this rack is by a curved lever, neck area that nestles up the string rope and one form along the handle on the racket footstalk of the longitudinal axis of bat, and these elements are preferably formed as the straight line of a symmetry.Between the end of its neck area and handle (20), dispose a turning joint position (44), its axis then extends the string net abreast, and preferably be configured in the scope of handle (20) and be that stem stem part by handle (20) is formed, this stem stem is partly preferably by being defined with groove (40) on both sides and with elastic forming block (42) filling therebetween.

Description

The bat that ball game is used, particularly tennis racket

The present invention relates to the bat of kind of ball game, particularly a kind of tennis racket, comprise the string rope that is configured in the rack, this rack is by a curved lever, neck area that nestles up the string rope and one form along the handle on the racket footstalk of the longitudinal axis of bat, these elements are preferably formed as the straight line of a symmetry, and wherein the free end of handle is limited by the terminal surface of handle.

Such tennis racket once saw in the German disclosed number of patent application (DE-OS) 3018354, and when handle portion was clamped, the natural frequency that demonstrates them from test was 25 to being to the maximum between the 50Hz; Common this numerical value of tennis racket that is unkitted the string net is also high slightly.When hand bat square stance, the frequency of whole system comprises bat and string net to tangible influence is arranged on hand, the sort of phenomenon that is called as the tennis arm that Here it is.

Consider thus, the inventor acts on the influence on the staff that uses such bat and has made effort in order to eliminate or to alleviate at least, especially occur in the impact that is taken place that occurs when touching ball, even for very bold bat, under the situation as the sort of bat that provided in No. 3343898, the German patent specification, the advantage that does not also reduce the present invention and had.

The objective of the invention is from such notion, is exactly that bat disposes a turning joint position between neck area and handle end face, and the articulated shaft line parallel extends the string net, and axis is in the plane that the bat framework is limited that is to say.In other words, being set at the place of pivoting point or close pivoting point, on the racket footstalk or on handle, is an elasticity turning joint position, and this elastic joint position has been changed the frequency characteristic of bat and offset impact.

The term that the stingy contact of the handle of pointing out is above quoted the industry when square stance be so-called " pivot point ".Do not produce power at that point but a rotating torque effect is arranged thereon.When ball knocked bat, the head end from that towards bat was looked, masterpiece be used on the bat direction with come direction of bowl consistent.Yet, look the power effect in the opposite direction to the handle top from pivoting point.So when playing ball with forehand, bat has the tendency of the hand that sticks up the batting people, on the contrary when playing backhand strong tendency towards the centre of the palm.This may be a kind of reason experience why sportsman obtains from so-called tennis arm, and it is less to keenly feel comparatively speaking when he hits forehand, but pain then reaches bigger degree when playing backhand.

Though the present invention finds that it is favourable that the turning joint parts are configured in the handle scope, be configured in handle scope turning joint position in addition and also be fine.Therefore, according to the present invention, elasticity turning joint can be arranged in the scope apart from 60 to 200 millimeters of handle end faces.This also is the placement scope of the pivoting point of ubi supra.

According to the present invention, the turning joint parts are to be made by elastic material block, a kind of rubber bumper, and it is preferably in that two ends on two plates of handle portion are vulcanized and two parts of handle is coupled together.

In the another embodiment of the present invention, the turning joint position is the stem stem portion of a handle or racket footstalk, and the both sides of this stem stem portion are all defined by groove.The width of groove gets from the longitudinal axis amount of racket, can be up to 100 millimeters, but imagine shortlyer usually.The degree of depth of the groove that forms on roughly with reference to racket in the degree of depth of the stem stem portion on this connecting portion can be redefined for the footstalk cross section and be divided into three parts of width about equally.

Preferably two of this structure grooves are filled with the moulding material of low Flexurally rigid, particularly when two grooves are arranged in the handle scope especially like this, and must come topped with the handle leather.

Purpose of the present invention also can reach like this, reach by the racket that parallels to the axis with a plurality of adjacent turning joint positions, these axis are laterally to guide with respect to the longitudinal axis of racket, under arranging like this, under the strength effect that puts on the racket, this strength that applies is to act on from the articulated shaft alignment about 400 millimeters at interval in racket head direction, the deflection of the Hookean region of racket at that time, when racket is securely held the distant place of first turning joint parts on handle, compare with the racket that does not have turning joint, this deflection will go out between 1.2 times to 9 times greatly, at this moment concerning the racket that does not have turning joint, be equivalent to distant place at turning joint axis (B) by the position of firm grip.

Advantageously, the turning joint position can make the frequency of racket with respect to a same racket that does not have the turning joint position.Between the square root of the square root to 9 of reduction by 1.2, this moment, this racket was securely held the distant place of first turning joint on handle.

Have that the tennis racket of unlimited neck area is limited by two curved portion and have a framework inserting column and partly connect therebetween.Increase in the cross section, junction is proved very effective in practice, owing to have the outfit at a turning joint as described above position, such racket even more effective at least.

An aspect of other feature of the present invention is such possibility, the footstalk part that promptly is arranged on racket footstalk and formation handle extends into neck area continuously with at least one gap, the elastomer that comprises at least one fragmentation state in this gap, this elastomer abuts against the surface on the both sides that touch off said gap in the footstalk, and forms an intermediate layer or a centre part between the footstalk part.According to another feature of the present invention, seen in the cross section, said intermediate layer also can comprise a plurality of belts or rope string section, can reserve hole or gap therebetween when it is vacated.In a special embodiment, be provided with a circular rope string section, this rope string section is spaced apart with the axostylus axostyle part of two gangs, and keeps the remainder in the gap in the footstalk unfettered.

Be proved to be favourable in addition, promptly the axostylus axostyle part of elastomeric material and footstalk can be done on the parts transversely at least to each other with respect to being hit moving on the direction, and said elastomeric material is to be close proximity on two side surfaces that define the gap in the footstalk.

For the design shape of a symmetric form racket, the gap, interval of handle can be to be parallel to direction of stroke or perpendicular to striking surface and preferably along the longitudinal axis of bat.As the gap, interval in the footstalk is beyond center line, or curved, and oblique or flexion shape, its buffering result who reaches is considered to not so well but still is gratifying.Thereby, be that square-section straight line in a plane is extending basically according to the gap in the further feature footstalk of the present invention, but its cross section also can be corrugated or flexion shape.

To correctly at interval the elastic coupling element of footstalk or handle axostylus axostyle part can be continuous, form by for example silastic-layer.Be arranged to the pattern of point-like or the form of strip just although also may imagine them, for example on the slit edge in gap or top end.Connection Element can be from flexible pipe or segment of tube, the elasticity thing of round rubber bar section or some other approach is made, it also may be envisioned for a part opening, for example use groove, it can not be filled yet, only keep connecting reliably on the top of handle, the groove of disposing thereon can be equivalent to a kind of padded coaming at that time.

Verified described surface is a straight shape preferably, and the surface can be curved cross section in special construction, and can cooperate each other on a plurality of surfaces.

According to the pattern of the respective design of racket of the present invention, be that their cross section is linear or shaped form with the elastomeric material of planar shaped bar section, as previously mentioned, can be fully or partly be filled in the gap in the footstalk.

So elasticity is portion in succession, or the connecting portion of discontinuous is to be placed in the handle or on its center line, thus in order to absorb and to be buffered in the torsion effect of bat bottom scope.So just eliminated with sponge-like body and made the special shortcoming that racket handle comprises, this racket has substantial elastic characteristic, can be called bat in it is vertical " softening ", thereby cause its vibration characteristics to change, but at this moment Ji Qiu measure of precision has reduced described positive performance, with respect at a superhard racket, the performance in this front has completely lost.If handle is a lamination fiber in more or less non-elastic material such as timber, metal, the mould of plastics, plastic material or rigid foam are made, and along symmetry or nestle up the center line or the axis that are substantially perpendicular to striking surface and be spaced apart, and for example make to link together again such as silicon rubber with an elastomer block, that also changes less in the hardness of longitudinal direction as the vibration characteristic value of racket with regard to the less racket that changed.The latter does not change when hitting to the longitudinal axis of bat when ball yet.But under the situation when ball hits on the bat on the batting surface outside this axis, twisting vibration has just produced; This is well-known, this twisting vibration is superimposed on the extensional vibration, thus, because of the result of the relative motion of the footstalk that interacting and handlebar stem part, between them by the resilient middle layer buffering with suppress thereby be able in the batting arm vibration by less degree.Handle end is connected by the handle cap, and this block does not separate in principle or also contains elastomeric material, and the influence that is wrapped in handle handle leather on every side also must count it when selecting the elasticity in desired intermediate layer.Impact shock when the racket that test has proved structure like this has lowered status when ball hits to the center outside, and the feel of the ball is improved, the present invention can eliminate the shortcoming of superhard racket basically in its superiority of maintenance.

Other advantages of the present invention, feature and details can be significantly find out from the explanation of the most preferred embodiment of following proposition and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the planar elevation view of a tennis racket part, and its head comprises the stay of a hollow shape and the handle on the racket footstalk.

Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1 racket;

Fig. 3 is along the enlarged drawing of cross section III-III line among Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is along the enlarged drawing of cross section IV-IV line among Fig. 1;

The front view that two partial cross sections that Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show handle have amplified is to make comparisons with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2;

The side view that two partial cross sections that Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show handle have amplified;

Fig. 9 shows the enlarged drawing of another embodiment extraction as the part among Fig. 1;

Figure 10 shows the part among Fig. 9 and turns to 90 degree;

Figure 11 to Figure 15 shows that the enlarged drawing along handle cross section XI-X V line relates to various structure among Figure 10.

The example that tennis racket 10 is illustrated in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 successively is that an oval racket head or string rope framework 14 are arranged, and this framework 14 is that the profile stay 12 by suitable bending is formed.The terminal of the profile stay 12 of racket head 14 on the both sides of its longitudinal axis all is linked on the curve arm 16, and this curve arm 16 laterally defines a unlimited neck area H and is connected with a framework Plug Division 18 and is connected into racket footstalk 19 again.

What be right after racket footstalk 19 is that thickness h is 26 to 32 millimeters a handle 20; This thickness h on handle does not comprise that leather twister 21 does not count the handle cap 22 that is surrounded by leather as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 yet.

Racket head 14 and Plug Division 18 define by 24 string web area or string web area Q that form with 25 on vertical string of horizontal string, said vertical string and horizontal string square crossing.Hit the place, crosspoint of longitudinal axis M that an A roughly is a bat and section line III-III on Fig. 1 for the best of tennis (not shown).And on Fig. 2 roughly on the K line.

Racket head 14 or its hollow profile stay 12 are oval cross section of extending basically, the interior spacing of its sidewall 26 extends to a, for example 8 millimeters (outer wide m is about 10 millimeters) and bending enter curved portions 27, and its interior profile height b is 20 millimeters and height of contour is shown be about 25 millimeters of n in this case.

Outline stay 12 is formed by a tubular blank 30, and wherein longitudinal fiber bundle 31 is joined and is placed in the curved portions 27.Gather together at racket footstalk 19 places the end of blank 30, and its method is to form two cavitys at footstalk place and handle 20 places.Two terminations of blank 30 as shown in Figure 4, form the octagonal cross section of handle 20.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 5 handle 20 by 32 and 32a two parts make, the interval e that both connect together is an elasticity mid portion 34.The latter comprises two horizontal plate 36 and block rubbers 38 of being made by metal or other suitable materials, and this block rubber 38 is that sulfuration is fixed thereon.Form a limited flexible turning joint position thus, turning joint axis B is 60 to 220 millimeters with respect to spacing t of terminal surface 23 extensions of handle cap 22, and this handle cap 22 is to constitute the handle end face.The spacing of turning joint axis B and racket head 14 ends 15 is shown g.

Turning joint position shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 determines that by groove 40 Breadth Maximum of groove 40 illustrates with Z.Groove 40 is in the formation of the both sides of handle 20 and its size is reduced gradually towards the axis M of handle.Filling is with such as unit of plastic 42 in the groove 40, and this unit of plastic 42 has low Flexurally rigid.The degree of depth i of groove 40 is slightly smaller than the thickness C of the mid portion of staying on the handle 20 44 among Fig. 7, the minimum point 41 of the corresponding groove of each self-forming of the surface of mid portion 44.Moreover vertical rope strand of blank 30 or string are around in around the groove 40 so be unlikely disconnection at the turning joint position.

The turning joint position comprises that side by groove 40 forms and is configured in portion of center pinch 44 near racket footstalk 19 ends among Fig. 8.

If the thickness C of the portion of center pinch 44 that forms by the groove 40 that surpasses length Z, and this stem stem portion is not the shape on only must embodiment as shown, this thickness C is about a half of the thickness h of handle 20, the moment of inertia of the lower per unit length in the cross section of dependence stem stem portion, to being applied to the deflection that reaction took place of the strength on the racket, compare with a complete handle cross section, be about 4.3 times, if their modulus of elasticity supposition is constant, moreover degree of flexibility is that to multiply by the product of modulus of elasticity gained inversely proportional with moment of inertia.

If the thickness of stem stem portion only be handle 20 thickness h 1/3rd, its analog value is 12.5 millimeters, and finally when 1/4th situations, its deflection value more then up to 20 times.These initial calculation values are to measure time institute to confirm on having the racket of respective shapes, carry out when a favourable test is 4 to 6 millimeters with respect to thickness C, and the thickness h that is to say handle 20 is that five times of thickness C are between the octuple.

Turning joint position 34 must be elasticity preferably so that obtain little frequency variation, the structure shown in this available Fig. 5 and 6 is that example is described.

The thickness C of stem stem portion 44 should be half of thickness h of the handle of tennis bat 10, and width Z is 20 millimeters.Be fixed as 120 millimeters from the spacing t of handle end 23.Ball hits nettle Q in position A, and this position A is 400 millimeters from turning joint position axis B in given example.For simplicity, suppose that the inertia force in the complete handle cross section on the cross section of all rackets is apart from constant.That is to say, it is constant that the moment that do not twist in the total length of racket and modulus of elasticity keep, calculating is showed when the strength of ball is applied to tennis racket 10, the deflection of the preceding racket of having addressed with turning joint position 34 10 with do not have the same racket of turning joint to be in a ratio of 1.22 times.So the frequency of tennis racket will change with the subduplicate reciprocal value of degree of flexibility.If it is 80Hz that a tennis racket 10 has frequency, then its frequency will be 80 * 1/1.22 square root when racket is provided with turning joint, that is to say to be 72.5H.

Further example is used for illustrating how to make frequency realize reducing significantly.

Select for use the height C of stem stem portion to equal 1/4th of handle thickness h, width Z is 100 millimeters, adopts the data of first example in others.

Degree of flexibility is measured as high six times of frequencies and then is measured as low six times in this case, that is to say and has only 33Hz to substitute 80Hz.It is firmly to push away first turning joint place of being held on the handle 20 that this frequency relates to tennis racket 10.

Embodiment shown in Fig. 9 and 10, its racket footstalk 19 and handle 20 adjoin footstalk part in the direction of the longitudinal axis M of bat with it symmetry division, that is to say that each curve arm 16 is being with its original shaft portion 46a to extend into handle 20, wherein two shaft portion 46a have determined the profile of handle axle shank portion 46 jointly and have delimited with between centers crack 48 therebetween, as shown in Figure 9, be equipped with a resilient middle layer 50 and limit a plane E, this plane E passes string rope surface or regional Q, and shown in Figure 11 to 14 is being vertical direction.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 to 11, shaft portion 46a, except turning joint position 40/44, be that the cutting intermediate layer 50 as filling between centers crack 48 with an elastomeric material is complete shapes of symmetry, this between centers crack 48 is the linearity cross section herein.And as shown in figure 12, shaft portion 46b, 46c have different cross sectional shapes, and with respect to marginal profile 52 different spacing f are arranged, g, and its between centers crack 48b roughly is undulatory or corrugation shape shape, and is fully filled up by resilient middle layer 50c.

Figure 13 shows that one has the handle 20 of hollow shape, this handle 20 is split up into axostylus axostyle part 46d at plane E place symmetrically with circular rope strand of an elasticity or string 50d, structure shown in Figure 14 corresponding to its difference of person shown in Figure 11 for axostylus axostyle part 46e in described herein for the hollow profile of a molding cavity 47 is respectively arranged.

Last Figure 15 shows the handle axle portion 46f that is made of three parts, comprises both sides axostylus axostyle part 54 and bar core or center-pole part 55; Figure 15 shows that the intermediate layer 50K in the middle of them, this intermediate layer 50K is the part circular tectonic type for corresponding to each other then.Replace aforesaid plane E, visible two shaped forms surface F herein.

Claims

1, the bat used of ball game, tennis racket particularly, comprise the string rope that is configured in the rack, this rack is by curved lever, nestle up the neck area of string rope and form along the handle on the racket footstalk of the longitudinal axis of bat, these elements are preferably formed as the straight line of a symmetry, wherein the free end of handle is limited by the end surface of handle, it is characterized in that, bat (10) has a turning joint position (34 between the handle end (23) of neck area (H) and handle (20), 44), and the axis of turning joint (B) is parallel to string net (Q) is extending.

2, bat according to claim 1 is characterized by, and turning joint position (34,44) are configured in the scope of handle (20).

3, bat according to claim 2 is characterized by, and the spacing (t) that the center of turning joint position (34,44) or turning joint axis (B) are configured in from handle end (23) is 60 millimeters to 220 millimeters places.

4, according to the described bat of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized by, by block thing (38) the formed turning joint position of the elastomeric material of a block rubber (34) with the two parts on the handle (20) (32,32a) connect together.

5, bat according to claim 4 is characterized by, said block (38) two parts of handle (32, vulcanize on the end face of two boards sheet 32a).

6, according to the described bat of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized by, by stem stem portion (44) the formed turning joint position of handle (20) or racket footstalk (19), wherein have at least also best both sides all to be defined on one side thereon by the groove that forms (40).

7, bat according to claim 6 is characterized by, and the width (Z) of said groove (40) is gone up maximum at the longitudinal axis (M) of bat and is no more than 100 millimeters.

8, according to the bat described in claim 6 or 7, it is characterized by, the thickness (C) of said stem stem portion (44) roughly is equivalent to the degree of depth (i) of groove (40).

9, according to claim 6 or 7 described bats, it is characterized by, the thickness (h) of handle (20) is equivalent to be preferably at five times between the octuple between four times to ten times of thickness (C) of stem stem portion (44).

10, according to the described bat of one of claim 6 to 9, it is characterized by, said groove (40) is filled with a kind of moulding material (42) of low Flexurally rigid.

11, according to the described bat of one of claim 1 to 10, it is characterized by, said turning joint position (34,44) be have a plurality of and axially adjacent.

12, according to the described bat of one of claim 1 to 11, it is characterized by, under the strength effect that puts on the racket, this strength that applies is to act on from the articulated shaft alignment about 400 millimeters at interval in racket head direction, the deflection that in the Hookean region of racket (10), takes place at that time, when racket (10) is securely held on the first turning joint position (34 on the handle, during 44) distant place, compare with the racket that does not have turning joint, this deflection will go out greatly between 1.2 to 9 times, at this moment concerning the racket that does not have turning joint, be equivalent to distant place at turning joint axis (B) by the position of firm grip.

13, according to the described bat of one of claim 1 to 12, it is characterized by, the racket footstalk of racket footstalk (19) and formation handle (20) partly has between centers crack (48,48b, 48k), these between centers cracks extend into continuously neck area (H) and at least segmentation comprise elastomeric material (50), (46a is to 46e near the both sides at surface demarcation place, between centers crack and as the axostylus axostyle part for this elastomeric material (50); 54,55) intermediary element between.

14, according to the described bat of one of claim 1 to 13, it is characterized by, (46a is to 46e for the axostylus axostyle part; 54,55) on direction of stroke, to partly can move relative to each other at least each other.

15, according to claim 13 or 14 described bats, it is characterized by, between centers crack (48) make the surface (E F) are defined as horizontal expansion to string net surface (Q).

16, bat according to claim 15 is characterized by, with symmetry plane of (E) qualification of string network plane horizontal expansion.

17, according to claim 13 or 15 described bats, it is characterized by, the cross section on the surface (F) that is limited by between centers crack (48k) is curved.

18, according to the described bat of one of claim 13 to 17, it is characterized by, the cross section of between centers crack (48b) is corrugated or flexion shape.

19, according to the described bat of one of claim 1 to 18, it is characterized by, handle (20) is formed by a hollow forming spare at least.

20, according to the described bat of one of claim 13 to 19, it is characterized by, in the cross section of handle (20) surface (E, F) or axial play (48,48b, 48k) have a plurality of.