CN106440660A - 一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置 - Google Patents

一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置 Download PDF

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CN106440660A
CN106440660A CN201610883900.4A CN201610883900A CN106440660A CN 106440660 A CN106440660 A CN 106440660A CN 201610883900 A CN201610883900 A CN 201610883900A CN 106440660 A CN106440660 A CN 106440660A
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tower
air
heat exchanger
liquid
oxygen
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王培正
陈崇文
林定标
陈辉
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ZHEJIANG HAICHANG GAS Co.,Ltd.
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ZHEJIANG HAITIAN GAS CO Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04066—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2

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Abstract

一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，包括双级精馏塔、主换热器，双级精馏塔包括上塔、下塔和位于两者之间的冷凝蒸发器，下塔下部连有空气进塔管道，上塔顶部连有氮气出塔管道，空气进塔管道和氮气出塔管道分别经过主换热器实现热交换，冷凝蒸发器的蒸发侧连有液氧输出管道，液氧输出管道上依次连有高压液氧泵和高压换热器，空气进塔管道具有并联的两条支路，一条支路经过主换热器，另一条支路经过高热换热器实现空气与液氧的热交换。本发明提供了一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，利用产出的液氧经高压液氧泵压缩，通过高压换热器与进塔空气交换得到常温高压氧气，同时使进塔空气得到冷量回收和停止低压氧气的输出，以达到减少氧气压缩机的投入及其能耗和维护成本的目的。

Description

一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置
技术领域
本发明属于空分设备技术领域，特指一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置。
背景技术
目前，一般制氧设备工艺均为上塔氧气经板式复热抽出后，再进入高压氧压机压缩充瓶(附图1中点划线的线路)，遇瓶气量的增减还需1名操作工操作开停机，氧气压缩机耗能及检修成本高，且安全性低，设备调节不灵活等劣势。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，利用产出的液氧经高压液氧泵压缩，通过高压换热器与进塔空气交换得到常温高压氧气，同时使进塔空气得到冷量回收和停止低压氧气的输出，以达到减少氧气压缩机的投入及其能耗和维护成本的目的。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，包括双级精馏塔、主换热器，双级精馏塔包括上塔、下塔和位于两者之间的冷凝蒸发器，下塔下部连有空气进塔管道，上塔顶部连有氮气出塔管道，空气进塔管道和氮气出塔管道分别经过主换热器实现热交换，其特征在于：冷凝蒸发器的蒸发侧连有液氧输出管道，液氧输出管道上依次连有高压液氧泵和高压换热器，所述空气进塔管道具有并联的两条支路，一条支路经过所述主换热器，另一条支路经过所述高热换热器实现空气与液氧的热交换。
优选的，所述下塔下端连有液空管道，液空管道另一端连接至上塔上部，液空管道上设有液空换热器，所述氮气出塔管道经过液空换热器。
优选的，所述冷凝蒸发器的冷凝侧连有液氮管道，液氮管道经过液空换热器连接至上塔顶部。
优选的，所述上塔在氮气出塔管道接口与液空管道接口之间为精馏段，液空管道接口之下为提馏段，精馏段连有污氮出塔管道，污氮出塔管道依次经过液空换热器和主换热器。
优选的，所述高压换热器为高压绕管式换热器。
本发明相比现有技术突出且有益的技术效果是：
1、一台氧气压缩机的功率在七八十千瓦，一台液体泵的功率才十几千瓦，大大节省了能耗，每小时电耗可节省250KW；
2、氧气液态与气态体积比在1：800左右，因此，相同情况下，输送同样的氧气量时，压缩机需要更多的台数，而输送液态氧气，只需一台高压液氧泵，不仅省电节能，而且减少了压缩机的设备投入和相应的人员配置、检修量；液体泵还可以通过远程操控，使用更方便；
3、传统液体制氧设备工艺的上塔氧气经板式复热抽出后，进入的是低压氧气输送管道，氧气压缩机对低压氧气进行压缩时，容易带入外界的杂质气体；因此采用高压的液氧输出管道，利于提高氧气纯度。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构原理图。
附图说明：1、液氧输出管道；2、空气进塔管道；3、污氮出塔管道；4、氮气出塔管道；5、液空管道；6、液氮管道；C1、下塔；C2、上塔；K、冷凝蒸发器；E1、主换热器；E2、液空换热器；E3、高压换热器；OP1、高压液氧泵；OC1、高压氧压机。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述，参见图1：
一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，包括双级精馏塔、主换热器E1，双级精馏塔包括上塔C2、下塔C1和位于两者之间的冷凝蒸发器K，下塔C1下部连有空气进塔管道2，上塔C2顶部连有氮气出塔管道4，空气进塔管道2和氮气出塔管道4分别经过主换热器E1实现热交换，冷凝蒸发器K的蒸发侧连有液氧输出管道1，液氧输出管道1上依次连有高压液氧泵OP1和高压换热器E3，空气进塔管道2具有并联的两条支路，一条支路经过主换热器E1，另一条支路经过高热绕管式换热器实现空气与液氧的热交换。
其中，下塔C1下端连有液空管道5，液空管道5另一端连接至上塔C2上部，液空管道5上设有液空换热器E2，所述氮气出塔管道4经过液空换热器E2。
其中，冷凝蒸发器K的冷凝侧连有液氮管道6，液氮管道6经过液空换热器E2并连接至上塔C2顶部。
本方案的具体工作流程如下：
1、空气进塔管道2吸入空气，两条支路分别进入高压绕管式换热器和主换热器E1使得进塔空气得到冷量回收，实现初步预冷；
2、两条空气支路合并后进入下塔C1下部，并冷凝成液态空气，根据空气各组份蒸发温度的不同，空气在下塔C1进行第一次分离，将沸点较低的氮气从液态空气中分离，下塔C1底部形成富氧液空，气态氮气上升，在冷凝蒸发器K的冷凝侧形成液氮；
3、下塔C1底部的富氧液空经液空管道5输送至上塔C2精馏，以获得纯氧和纯氮；上塔C2分为两段，以液空进料口为界，上部为精馏段，精馏上升气体，回收氧组份，提纯氮气纯度，精馏段连有污氮出塔管道3；下段为提馏段，将液体中的氮组分分离出来，提高液体的氧纯度；
4、冷凝蒸发器K冷凝侧的液氮经过液氮管道6通至上塔C2的精馏段，进一步提纯氮气；上塔C2顶部的氮气出塔管道4、污氮出塔管道3、液空管道5、液氮管道6都经过液空换热器E2，使得污氮和氮气得到冷量回收；
5、污氮出塔管道3、氮气出塔管道4经过液空换热器E2后再经过主换热器E1，将冷量传递给进塔空气；
6、在冷凝蒸发器K的蒸发侧的液氧经过液氧输出管道1、高压液氧泵OP1将高压液氧送至高压绕管式换热器，进塔空气与液氧热交换，得到常温高压氧气输出。
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，包括双级精馏塔、主换热器(E1)，双级精馏塔包括上塔(C2)、下塔(C1)和位于两者之间的冷凝蒸发器(K)，下塔(C1)下部连有空气进塔管道(2)，上塔(C2)顶部连有氮气出塔管道(4)，空气进塔管道(2)和氮气出塔管道(4)分别经过主换热器(E1)实现热交换，其特征在于：冷凝蒸发器(K)的蒸发侧连有液氧输出管道(1)，液氧输出管道(1)上依次连有高压液氧泵(OP1)和高压换热器(E3)，所述空气进塔管道(2)具有并联的两条支路，一条支路经过所述主换热器(E1)，另一条支路经过所述高热绕管换热器实现空气与液氧的热交换。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，其特征在于：所述下塔(C1)下端连有液空管道(5)，液空管道(5)另一端连接至上塔(C2)上部，液空管道(5)上设有液空换热器(E2)，所述氮气出塔管道(4)经过液空换热器(E2)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，其特征在于：所述冷凝蒸发器(K)的冷凝侧连有液氮管道(6)，液氮管道(6)经过液空换热器(E2)连接至上塔(C2)顶部。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，其特征在于：所述上塔(C2)在氮气出塔管道(4)接口与液空管道(5)接口之间为精馏段，液空管道(5)接口之下为提馏段，精馏段连有污氮出塔管道(3)，污氮出塔管道(3)依次经过液空换热器(E2)和主换热器(E1)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置，其特征在于：所述高压换热器(E3)为高压绕管式换热器。
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