CN106436662A - Massif flow energy dissipation hydraulic tunnel structure and method - Google Patents
Massif flow energy dissipation hydraulic tunnel structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106436662A CN106436662A CN201611063050.XA CN201611063050A CN106436662A CN 106436662 A CN106436662 A CN 106436662A CN 201611063050 A CN201611063050 A CN 201611063050A CN 106436662 A CN106436662 A CN 106436662A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/02—Water-ways
- E02B9/04—Free-flow canals or flumes; Intakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a massif flow energy dissipation hydraulic tunnel structure and a method. A tunnel inflow hole is built in an higher place of a mountain body on an upstream end of the flow, and a main tunnel and two branch tunnels which are communicated with the tunnel inflow hole is built in the mountain body, wherein the two branch tunnels are an upper branch tunnel and a lower branch tunnel which branch off a downstream of the main tunnel; flow from the upper part jet flows downward from the upper branch tunnel in an inclined mode, flow from the lower part flows out from the lower branch tunnel in a trajectory bucket mode, the two high-velocity flows merges and strikes with each other outside the mountain body, thus realizing the first energy dissipation; after the striking, the two flows merge into one flow and the merged flow continues casts towards the downstream and fall into a scour pit of a downstream river channel, and the striken and fallen flow generates a drastic vortex in the scour pit, and through surges in the pit and vortex in the bottom, a large energy dissipation effect can be obtained, thus further dispersing the remaining energy; finally the energy dissipation can be carried out twice, and the flow processes toward the downstream river channel with a smaller velocity, thus realizing mutual linkage with normal slow flow in the downstream river channel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to massif hydraulic tunnel energy-dissipating tech field is and in particular to a kind of massif current in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering
The hydraulic tunnel structure of energy dissipating and method.
Background technology
In hydraulic engineering, it is usually used in sluicing in massif hydraulic tunnel.Because massif water levels of upstream and downstream potential energy difference is larger, tunnel
In to lead out flow rate of water flow off very big, inevitably erosion damage is produced to underwater bed, is usually taken necessary in engineering
The portion of energy of current, harm reduction are led in measure off to eliminate.Conventional measure is by taking engineering at water flowing out stream position
Measure is energy dissipation tank, fall bank, energy dissipating bailing bucket, defrlector bucket combine these four engineering measure energy dissipatings of scour hole.Other modes are also
Have, extend tunnel length by way of taking spiral step formula and reach the energy loss increasing current along journey, to eliminate part
Current complementary energy；And build two independent hydraulic tunnel routes inside massif, mutually impact after going out stream, disappeared with reaching
The purpose of energy.Both modes, because tunnel is longer, its quantities and engineering cost are relatively large, the safety and stability to massif
Also potential safety hazard can be produced.Meanwhile, the method all only with an energy dissipating for the above method, in order to reach preferable energy dissipating effect
Really, need to take substantial amounts of engineering measure, increased quantities and input cost.
Content of the invention
For the deficiency existing for problem above, the present invention provides a kind of hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating and side
Method, by the carrying out energy dissipating twice to massif current, reaches set energy dissipating purpose, and described energy dissipating twice does not include water body and sends out
It is dispersed in the less energy of in the air dissipation.By energy dissipating twice, realize current energy dissipating in various flows upwards：First time energy dissipating is led to
Cross to take and suitably go out to flow direction, realize opposite jet flow energy dissipating, mainly in vertical direction, reduce flow rate of water flow, eliminate one
Divide energy；By building scour hole energy dissipating in river course downstream, mainly reduce flow rate of water flow in the horizontal direction second, realize
Second energy dissipating.As such, it is possible to the quantities of suitable reduction dissipation and scouring measure, save financial cost.
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating, and specific scheme is as follows：
A kind of hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating, including the tunnel inflow hole being arranged on along water (flow) direction on massif
With the main tunnel being arranged in massif and connect with described tunnel inflow hole, the downstream of described main tunnel is provided with upper and lower
Liang Ge branch tunnel, the outlet of top set's tunnel is the downward-sloping bank making jet under current direction, and the outlet of inferior division tunnel is
Current are made to flip the defrlector bucket of stream.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the top set's tunnel described in this structure is along the downward-sloping straight line of water (flow) direction
Structure.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the inferior division tunnel described in this structure be along water (flow) direction downward-sloping and
Close to the concave arc structure in exit.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the main tunnel described in this structure is the straight line knot along the downward inclination of water (flow) direction
Structure.
Further, in this structure, the downstream river course outside massif is provided with scour hole.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of massif current energy dissipating method, and specific scheme is as follows：
A kind of massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method, the massif higher position in current upstream end builds tunnel inflow hole, on mountain
Build the main tunnel connecting with tunnel inflow hole and Liang Ge branch tunnel in vivo, described Liang Ge branch tunnel is from main tunnel
Two upper and lower branch tunnels that downstream branches away；The current that upper and lower branch tunnel is led off are divided into upper and lower two parts in exit,
Along along same vertical face, different two hydraulic tunnels of elevation are led off away respectively；The current on top are penetrated obliquely from top set's tunnel
Stream, the current of bottom choose from inferior division tunnel and spill out, and two bundle high-velocity flows cross shocks outside massif, realize first time and disappear
Energy；Synthesize a branch of current after shock and continue downstream impelling, finally drop in the scour hole of downstream river course, so that collision rift is fallen
Current produce the whirlpool rolling of fierceness in scour hole, and obtain larger energy dissipating and imitate by surging in hole and the rolling of bottom whirlpool
Really, thus dissipation complementary energy further；The final dissipation realizing energy twice, last current are with less flow velocity downstream river row
Enter, be mutually linked with normal unhurried current realization in downstream river course.
Further, in the method, the outlet of described top set's tunnel is the downward-sloping bank making jet under current direction；
The outlet of inferior division tunnel is the defrlector bucket making current flip stream；Described downward-sloping bank and defrlector bucket control current
Earial drainage direction, realizes current and collides energy dissipating in joint；
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the top set's tunnel described in the method is along the downward-sloping straight line of water (flow) direction
Structure.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the inferior division tunnel described in the method be along water (flow) direction downward-sloping and
Close to the concave arc structure in exit.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the main tunnel described in the method is the straight line knot along the downward inclination of water (flow) direction
Structure.
Inclination bank is built in the outlet of top set's tunnel, to realize leading jet under water body off；The outlet of top set's tunnel is built
Defrlector bucket, leads water body off with realization and chooses stream obliquely；The current on top are from top set's tunnel jet obliquely, the current of bottom
Choose from inferior division tunnel and spill out, two bundle high-velocity flows cross shock outside massif, realize first time energy dissipating；The flow point that crosses impelling
Current drop into and disappear in scour hole positioned at the stream of downstream river course, and formed in hole and surge and bottom whirlpool boiling water stream Qu Jinyi
Step dissipation complementary energy, realizes second energy dissipating.
Implement technical scheme, at least following beneficial effect：
By main tunnel is divided into top set's tunnel and inferior division tunnel to be formed to lead current off and mutually clash into and realize one first
The elimination of portion of energy, reduces the quantities building energy dissipation measure in river course downstream, changes and typically builds in downstream river course
The single measure of energy dissipating engineering；Minority is adopted and separately builds two tunnels in massif to realize the work that current collide energy dissipating
Journey, the present invention is effectively reduced excavated volume, stability of the hill is affected little.For synthesis, the technical program can reduce for
The washing away of riverbed, increases effect of energy dissipation, reduces flow velocity, had both met the requirement of dissipation and scouring, easy construction simultaneously and economy.
Brief description
In conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is a kind of massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method and structure vertical section schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is velocity vector schematic diagram before top set's tunnel collision；
Fig. 3 is velocity vector schematic diagram before the collision of inferior division tunnel；
Fig. 4 is current collision rift velocity vector schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram tilting bank；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of defrlector bucket；
Wherein：1 main tunnel, 2 top set's tunnels, 3 inferior division tunnels, 4 joints, 5 energy dissipating scour holes, 6 massifs, 7 upstreams
River course, 8 downstream river courses, 21 inclination banks, 31 defrlector buckets.
Specific embodiment
In order that the understanding that the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and effect become apparent from, now comparison accompanying drawing is to the present invention's
Specific embodiment describes in detail.
As shown in figure 1, the hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating, including the tunnel being arranged on along water (flow) direction on massif 6
Hole inflow hole and the main tunnel 1 being arranged in massif and connect with described tunnel inflow hole, the downstream of described main tunnel 1 sets
It is equipped with upper and lower Liang Ge branch tunnel, the outlet of top set's tunnel 2 is the downward-sloping bank 21 making jet under current direction, inferior division
The outlet of tunnel 3 is the defrlector bucket 31 making jet on current direction.Downward-sloping bank 21 and defrlector bucket 31 control current earial drainage
Direction, realizes current and collides energy dissipating in joint 4；Realize first time energy dissipating；Synthesize a branch of current after shock to continue downstream to throw
Penetrate, finally drop in the scour hole of downstream river course, and formation is surged and dissipates further in bottom whirlpool boiling water stream area in hole
Complementary energy；The final dissipation realizing energy twice, last current with less flow velocity, downstream advance by river, with downstream river course in just
Normal unhurried current is realized being mutually linked.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the top set's tunnel 2 described in this structure is along downward-sloping straight of water (flow) direction
Cable architecture.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the inferior division tunnel 3 described in this structure be along water (flow) direction downward-sloping and
In the arc structure concave close to exit.
Further, the longitudinal cross-section of the main tunnel 1 described in this structure is along the downward-sloping straight line knot of water (flow) direction
Structure bends, as long as do not affect current flowing downward it is also possible to part.
Further, in this structure, the downstream river course 8 outside massif is provided with scour hole.
Specific energy dissipating method is as follows：
Upper river 7 of the present invention current pass through main tunnel 1 and top set's tunnel 2 of branch and lower point within massif 6
The current that tunnel 3 is led off are divided into upper and lower two parts, the top set of two bundle current different elevations along along same vertical face in outlet
Tunnel 2 and inferior division tunnel 3 are led off away；, from top set's tunnel 2 jet obliquely, the current of bottom are from lower point for the current on top
Tunnel 3 is chosen and is spilt out；High-velocity flow clashes in the outer meeting point 4 of rock mass, realizes first time energy dissipating；A branch of current direction is synthesized after shock
Downstream impelling, finally drops in the scour hole 5 of downstream river course, and is formed and surge and bottom whirlpool boiling water stream Qu Jinyi in hole
Step dissipation complementary energy.The final dissipation realizing energy twice, the current after energy dissipating with less flow velocity, downstream advance by river twice,
Realize being mutually linked with unhurried current normal in downstream river course 8.
In the method, the outlet of described top set's tunnel is the downward-sloping bank 21 making jet under current direction；Inferior division
The outlet of tunnel is the defrlector bucket 31 making jet on current direction；Described downward-sloping bank and defrlector bucket control current earial drainage
Direction, realizes current and collides energy dissipating in joint；
Tilt bank 21 and defrlector bucket 31 controls current earial drainage direction, realize current and collide energy dissipating in joint；
As shown in figure 5, inclination bank 21 is built in top set's tunnel 2 outlet, it is γ with horizontal line angle1, to realize leading water off
Jet under body；
As shown in fig. 6, defrlector bucket 31 is built in inferior division tunnel 3 outlet, it is γ with horizontal line angle2, to realize leading off
Water body chooses stream obliquely；
As shown in Figure 2,3, 4, top set's tunnel 2 and inferior division tunnel 3 are met shock in confluence 4, realize disappearing for the first time
Can, according to the law of conservation of momentum and energy theorem, derive that elimination energy is：
Wherein, Δ E is that collision eliminates energy, m for the first time1Go out current mass, m for tunnel 12Go out liquid for top set's tunnel 2
Amount, v1Based on tunnel 1 current collision before flow velocity, v2For flow velocity before top set's tunnel 2 stream collision, based on α tunnel 1 go out flowing water stream with
Horizontal angle, β is top set's tunnel 2 flowing water stream and horizontal angle；
A kind of described massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method and structure are it is characterised in that the current of confluence 4 impelling drop into
Disappear in scour hole 5 positioned at the stream of downstream river course 8, and formed in hole and surge and more than bottom whirlpool boiling water stream area dissipates further
Energy.
Top set's tunnel 2 in accompanying drawing of the present invention and inferior division tunnel 3 are to branch out from the same node of main tunnel simultaneously
The Liang Ge branch tunnel coming is it is ensured that the outlet of top set's tunnel 2 is for making the downward-sloping bank 21 of jet under current direction, inferior division tunnel
The outlet in hole 3 is the defrlector bucket 31 making current flip stream.
It should be noted that this embodiment is only the schematic diagram of this Energy Dissipation Modes, the specifically length of main tunnel and diameter,
The length of shunting tunnel, the gradient, diameter, should take model test to determine according to the actual conditions of specific engineering.
Described only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, for the professional of the art, can be to the present invention
Modify, optimize, and combine with other Energy Dissipation Modes.As long as within the principle of energy dissipating of the present invention, carry out any changes
Enter, equivalent etc., should be included within the scope of the claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating is it is characterised in that include being arranged on massif along water (flow) direction
Tunnel inflow hole and the main tunnel being arranged in massif and connect with described tunnel inflow hole, the downstream of described main tunnel sets
It is equipped with upper and lower Liang Ge branch tunnel, the outlet of top set's tunnel is for making current form the downward-sloping bank of downward jet, inferior division
The outlet of tunnel is the defrlector bucket making current flip stream.
2. the hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described top set's tunnel
Longitudinal cross-section be along the downward-sloping linear structure of water (flow) direction.
3. the hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described inferior division tunnel
Longitudinal cross-section be downward-sloping and in the arc structure concave close to exit along water (flow) direction.
4. massif current energy dissipating as claimed in claim 1 hydraulic tunnel structure it is characterised in that described main tunnel vertical
It is along the downward-sloping linear structure of water (flow) direction to section.
5. the hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that downstream river outside massif
Road is provided with scour hole.
6. a kind of massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method is it is characterised in that as follows：
Massif higher position in current upstream end builds tunnel inflow hole, builds the main tunnel connecting with tunnel inflow hole in massif
Hole and Liang Ge branch tunnel, described Liang Ge branch tunnel is the two upper and lower branch tunnels branching away from the downstream of main tunnel；
The current that upper and lower branch tunnel is led off are divided into upper and lower two parts in exit, respectively along along same vertical face different elevations tunnel
Hole and two hydraulic tunnels of tunnel are led off away；The current on top from top set's tunnel jet obliquely, the current of bottom under
Branch's tunnel is chosen and is spilt out, and two bundle high-velocity flows cross shock outside massif, realize first time energy dissipating；A branch of water is synthesized after shock
Stream continues downstream impelling, finally drops in the scour hole of downstream river course, and is formed and surge and bottom whirlpool boiling water in hole
Dissipate complementary energy further in stream area；The final dissipation realizing energy twice, last current with less flow velocity, downstream advance by river,
It is mutually linked with normal unhurried current realization in downstream river course.
7. massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that the outlet of described top set's tunnel
For making current form the downward-sloping bank of downward jet；The outlet of described inferior division tunnel is for making what current flipped stream to choose stream
Bucket lip；Described downward-sloping bank and defrlector bucket control current earial drainage direction, realize current and collide energy dissipating in joint.
8. massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that the longitudinal direction of described top set's tunnel
Section is along the downward-sloping linear structure of water (flow) direction.
9. massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that the longitudinal direction of described inferior division tunnel
Section is downward-sloping and in the arc structure concave close to exit along water (flow) direction.
10. massif hydraulic tunnel energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that the longitudinal direction of described main tunnel is cut
Face is along the downward-sloping linear structure of water (flow) direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611063050.XA CN106436662A (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | Massif flow energy dissipation hydraulic tunnel structure and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611063050.XA CN106436662A (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | Massif flow energy dissipation hydraulic tunnel structure and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107100143A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-29 | 西华大学 | A kind of new energy-dissipating structure of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering |
| CN115094845A (en) * | 2022-05-21 | 2022-09-23 | 徐康瑞 | Pumped storage chamber suitable for TBM construction and construction method |
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| JP2011127382A (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-30 | Tottori Institute Of Industrial Technology | Water intake unit |
| CN104652378A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-27 | 四川大学 | Variable-radius spiral flood discharge tunnel |
| CN106120675A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-11-16 | 浙江水利水电学院 | A kind of efficiently energy dissipating flood discharge overfull dam surface structure |
| CN206204900U (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 山东大学 | A kind of hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating |
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2016
- 2016-11-28 CN CN201611063050.XA patent/CN106436662A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011127382A (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-30 | Tottori Institute Of Industrial Technology | Water intake unit |
| CN104652378A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-27 | 四川大学 | Variable-radius spiral flood discharge tunnel |
| CN106120675A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-11-16 | 浙江水利水电学院 | A kind of efficiently energy dissipating flood discharge overfull dam surface structure |
| CN206204900U (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 山东大学 | A kind of hydraulic tunnel structure of massif current energy dissipating |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107100143A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-29 | 西华大学 | A kind of new energy-dissipating structure of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering |
| CN107100143B (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2019-06-07 | 西华大学 | A kind of energy-dissipating structure of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering |
| CN110004891A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2019-07-12 | 西华大学 | A kind of energy dissipating method of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering |
| CN110004891B (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-08-07 | 西华大学 | Energy dissipation method for hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering |
| CN115094845A (en) * | 2022-05-21 | 2022-09-23 | 徐康瑞 | Pumped storage chamber suitable for TBM construction and construction method |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |