CN106431361A - 一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料 - Google Patents

一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料 Download PDF

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CN106431361A
CN106431361A CN201610928498.7A CN201610928498A CN106431361A CN 106431361 A CN106431361 A CN 106431361A CN 201610928498 A CN201610928498 A CN 201610928498A CN 106431361 A CN106431361 A CN 106431361A
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邢佑强
吴泽
刘磊
黄鹏
胡涛
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料，将氧化铝包覆石墨烯添加至由微米氧化铝、纳米氧化铝、微米氮化硅、微米氧化钇等粉体材料混合制成的陶瓷刀具材料中，采用真空热压烧结的工艺制备出自润滑陶瓷刀具材料。该刀具材料既具有较高的硬度、断裂韧性、抗弯强度和良好的热传导性能，同时具有较好的自润滑能力。切削时，该刀具材料能够在刀具表面形成连续的润滑膜，从而能够实现整个生命周期内的自润滑功能。

Description

一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料
技术领域
本发明属于机械切削刀具制造领域，特别涉及了一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料。
背景技术
陶瓷刀具材料由于具有高的硬度、高的耐磨性和优良的高温力学性能和化学稳定性，通常用于加工超硬材料等难加工材料。然而采用陶瓷刀具进行干切削时，由于缺少润滑液的润滑和冷却作用，刀具与切屑及刀具与工件之间发生剧烈的摩擦，导致刀具磨损加剧，从而引起刀具寿命降低，加工表面质量恶化。自润滑刀具是指刀具材料本身具有润滑、减摩、抗磨功能，可在无外加润滑液或润滑剂的条件下实现自润滑切削加工。研究发现，含有固体润滑剂的自润滑刀具材料能够实现切削过程中的自润滑功效，从而减小刀具表面摩擦与磨损。
中国发明专利“申请号200410024226.1”报道了将CaF2固体润滑剂添加到Al2O3/TiC陶瓷刀具材料中形成Al2O3/TiC/CaF2自润滑陶瓷刀具材料，使陶瓷刀具切削加工时在刀具表面形成连续的润滑膜，从而实现刀具本身的自润滑功能。中国发明专利“申请号201410295023.X”报道了一种添加包覆型氟化钙粉末的自润滑刀具材料的制备方法。中国发明专利“申请号201510221746.X”报道了一种添加氧化铝包覆六方氮化硼复合粉末的氮化硅基自润滑刀具材料的制备方法，从而实现切削过程中刀具的自润滑功效。然后由于CaF2及六方氮化硼的力学性能较低，在刀具中弥散分布可能造成刀具机械性能降低，且CaF2固体润滑剂在高温下润滑性能较好，温度较低时润滑性能下降。石墨烯是目前自然界最薄、强度最高、导热性能最好一种新型纳米材料，且其具有优越的润滑性能。中国文献“石墨烯/氧化铝复合粉体的制备及其在浇注料中的应用(武汉科技大学硕士学位论文)”报道了氧化铝修饰石墨烯的制备方法，从而在石墨烯表面包覆一层氧化铝，提高了石墨烯的抗氧化性能。该文献为制备添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料进一步提供了可行性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提供了一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料。
本发明采用的技术方案：一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料，该陶瓷刀具材料的原料组分体积百分比为：微米氧化铝45-65％、纳米氧化铝10-18％、微米氮化硅18-27％、氧化铝包覆石墨烯5-10％、氧化钇0.5-3％、镍0.5-1.5％、钼0.5-1.5％、硅0-0.2％、锰0-0.2％、硫0-0.5％，磷0-0.1％，各材料的百分比之和为100％。
上述陶瓷刀具材料通过以下方法制备：
(1)按照体积百分比分别取微米氧化铝45-65％、纳米氧化铝10-18％、微米氮化硅18-27％、氧化铝包覆石墨烯5-10％、氧化钇0.5-3％、镍0.5-1.5％、钼0.5-1.5％、硅0-0.2％、锰0-0.2％、硫0-0.5％，磷0-0.1％，以适量无水乙醇作为分散介质，充分搅拌的同时超声分散30-60min配置成悬浮液；
(2)将步骤(1)中的悬浮液倒入球磨罐中，以无水乙醇作为介质，球磨100-120min；然后取出球磨液并置于真空干燥箱内，在100-150℃温度下连续干燥24-48h；干燥完成后将混合粉料在氮气保护下过200目筛，得混合粉料；
(3)将步骤(2)中所得粉料装入石墨磨具，采用热压烧结法，在氮气保护下进行真空烧结，烧结温度为1600-1800℃，烧结压力为30-40MPa，保温30-60min，即可制得添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料。
有益效果：本发明的添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料，是以微米尺度的氧化铝为基体，将微米尺度的氮化硅增强、纳米尺度的氧化铝增韧补强和氧化铝包覆石墨烯的润滑性能相结合，以氧化钇为烧结助剂，经真空热压烧结制成的陶瓷复合材料。该刀具材料既具有较高的硬度、断裂韧性、抗弯强度和良好的热传导性能，同时具有较好的自润滑能力。在低温及高温切削条件下，该刀具材料均能够在刀具表面形成连续的润滑膜，且氧化铝包覆石墨烯不易被氧化，从而能够实现整个生命周期内的自润滑功能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明：
实施例1：
一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料，该陶瓷刀具材料的原料组分体积百分比为：微米氧化铝58％、纳米氧化铝15％、微米氮化硅18％、氧化铝包覆石墨烯6％、氧化钇1.6％、镍0.6％、钼0.6％、硅0.1％、锰0.05％、硫0.02％，磷0.03％。
上述陶瓷刀具材料通过以下方法制备：
(1)按照体积百分比分别取微米氧化铝58％、纳米氧化铝15％、微米氮化硅18％、氧化铝包覆石墨烯6％、氧化钇1.6％、镍0.6％、钼0.6％、硅0.1％、锰0.05％、硫0.02％，磷0.03％，以适量无水乙醇作为分散介质，充分搅拌的同时超声分散60min配置成悬浮液；
(2)将步骤(1)中的悬浮液倒入球磨罐中，以无水乙醇作为介质，球磨100min；然后取出球磨液并置于真空干燥箱内，在120℃温度下连续干燥24h；干燥完成后将混合粉料在氮气保护下过200目筛，得混合粉料；
(3)将步骤(2)中所得粉料装入石墨磨具，采用热压烧结法，在氮气保护下进行真空烧结，烧结温度为1600℃，烧结压力为30MPa，保温40min，即可制得添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料。
实施例2：
一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料，该陶瓷刀具材料的原料组分体积百分比为：微米氧化铝49％、纳米氧化铝18％、微米氮化硅20％、氧化铝包覆石墨烯8.5％、氧化钇3％、镍0.7％、钼0.7％、硅0.04％、锰0.02％、硫0.02％，磷0.02％。
上述陶瓷刀具材料通过以下方法制备：
(1)按照体积百分比分别取微米氧化铝49％、纳米氧化铝18％、微米氮化硅20％、氧化铝包覆石墨烯8.5％、氧化钇3％、镍0.7％、钼0.7％、硅0.04％、锰0.02％、硫0.02％，磷0.02％，以适量无水乙醇作为分散介质，充分搅拌的同时超声分散50min配置成悬浮液；
(2)将步骤(1)中的悬浮液倒入球磨罐中，以无水乙醇作为介质，球磨120min；然后取出球磨液并置于真空干燥箱内，在150℃温度下连续干燥36h；干燥完成后将混合粉料在氮气保护下过200目筛，得混合粉料；
(3)将步骤(2)中所得粉料装入石墨磨具，采用热压烧结法，在氮气保护下进行真空烧结，烧结温度为1800℃，烧结压力为40MPa，保温50min，即可制得添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料。
应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。

Claims (1)

1.一种添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料，其特征在于：该陶瓷刀具材料的原料组分体积百分比为：微米氧化铝45-65%、纳米氧化铝10-18%、微米氮化硅18-27%、氧化铝包覆石墨烯5-10%、氧化钇0.5-3%、镍0.5-1.5%、钼0.5-1.5%、硅0-0.2%、锰0-0.2%、硫0-0.5%，磷0-0.1%，各材料的百分比之和为100%；
所述添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1) 按照体积百分比分别取微米氧化铝45-65%、纳米氧化铝10-18%、微米氮化硅18-27%、氧化铝包覆石墨烯5-10%、氧化钇0.5-3%、镍0.5-1.5%、钼0.5-1.5%、硅0-0.2%、锰0-0.2%、硫0-0.5%，磷0-0.1%，以无水乙醇作为分散介质，充分搅拌的同时超声分散30-60 min配置成悬浮液；
(2) 将步骤 (1) 中的悬浮液倒入球磨罐中，以无水乙醇作为介质，球磨100-120 min；然后取出球磨液并置于真空干燥箱内，在100-150℃温度下连续干燥24-48 h；干燥完成后将混合粉料在氮气保护下过200目筛，得混合粉料；
(3) 将步骤 (2) 中所得粉料装入石墨磨具，采用热压烧结法，在氮气保护下进行真空烧结，烧结温度为1600-1800℃，烧结压力为30-40 MPa，保温30-60 min，即可制得添加氧化铝包覆石墨烯的自润滑陶瓷刀具材料。
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