CN106415173A - Method and device for the liquefaction of a gaseous co2 stream - Google Patents

Method and device for the liquefaction of a gaseous co2 stream Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106415173A
CN106415173A CN201580004108.0A CN201580004108A CN106415173A CN 106415173 A CN106415173 A CN 106415173A CN 201580004108 A CN201580004108 A CN 201580004108A CN 106415173 A CN106415173 A CN 106415173A
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China
Prior art keywords
liquid
phase separator
stream
heat exchanger
exchanger
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Granted
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CN201580004108.0A
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CN106415173B (en
Inventor
尼古拉斯·向博荣
伯诺瓦·达维迪安
亚瑟·达德
马蒂厄·勒克莱尔
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0027—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0208—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0294—Multiple compressor casings/strings in parallel, e.g. split arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
    • F25J2220/82—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components, e.g. He, H2, CO, Air gases, CH4
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the liquefaction of a gas flow containing at least 95 mol-% carbon dioxide, comprising at least a first compression stage (C3, C4) in which the feed gas flow (1) is compressed; means for condensing the compressed flow, formed by two in-series phase separators, in order to partially condense said flow and produce a liquid flow; a first heat exchanger (7); a second heat exchanger (9) which is a shell and tube heat exchanger; means for conveying at least part of the liquid flow into the tubes of the first heat exchanger; means for discharging, as a liquid product (11), a first part of the liquid cooled in the second exchanger, said part being subsequently expanded; a valve (V4); means for conveying a second part of the liquid cooled in the second exchanger, said second part being expanded in the valve and vaporised in the shell of the first exchanger in order to form a vaporised flow (15); and means (3A, 3B) for compressing at least part of the vaporised flow and mixing same with the feed gas flow.

Description

For the gaseous state CO that liquefies2The method and apparatus of stream
The present invention relates to one kind is used for the gaseous state CO that liquefies2The method and apparatus of stream.This stream contains at least 95 The CO of mol%2, the actual even at least CO of 99mol%2.
The present invention is made up of a kind of method, and the method makes it possible to liquefaction and contains impurity (such as H2 Or N2) CO2Stream.
Mainly contain CO from liquefying in the following manner known to JP-A-640840872Stream：It is being dried This is dried in device has stream to be liquefied, is allowed to cool by its partial liquefaction, to be sent to the first phase Separator, by from this first phase separator liquid send into the second phase separator and extract from should The stream of the liquefaction of the second phase separator.Heat the gas from this second phase separator again and sent Upstream to this drier.
The method does not make it possible to produced liquid is subcooled, when this liquid must be than liquefaction pressure When using under the lower pressure of power, this is proved to be useful.
It is an object of the invention to overcoming the defect of prior art.
According to a theme of the present invention, provide a kind of being used for containing at least 95mol%, reality even The method of at least gas stream of the carbon dioxide of 99mol%, wherein：
A) this feed gas stream is compressed at least first compression stage,
B) cool down the stream of this compression to make it condense at least in part to produce a kind of liquid flow, By cooling in first heat exchanger rather than in this first heat exchanger to make it partly cold Solidifying, the stream of this partial condensation is reduced pressure and is delivered to the first phase separator, will be from this first phase The liquid of separator reduced pressure and be then delivered to the second phase separator and from this second be separated This liquid flow is taken out in device,
C) cool down at least a portion of this liquid flow in the pipe of second heat exchanger, this second heat is handed over Parallel operation is shell and tube heat exchanger,
The Part I of this liquid d) cooled in this second exchanger, subsequently decompression serves as liquid Body product,
E) the cooled Part II of this liquid in this second exchanger or entered by making this liquid The Part II of row decompression and the liquid partly vaporizing and producing is reduced pressure and at this in valve Evaporate in the shell of the first exchanger to form the stream of vaporization, and
F) at least a portion of the stream vaporizing this is compressed and is mixed with this feed gas stream.
According to other optional aspects：
- gas from this first phase separator is mixed with the feed gas stream being in first pressure,
- gas from this second phase separator is mixed with this feed gas stream,
- by from this second phase separator gas be in the second pressure lower than this first pressure Feed gas stream mixing,
- by gas and this feed gas stream from this second phase separator in this first compression stage Combined upstream,
- from this first phase separator liquid decompression upstream be not cooled,
- this second exchanger is last subcooler,
- this final product is not cooled in the downstream of this second exchanger,
- not the cut of this product liquid be recycled to this first compression stage,
- carry out reducing pressure simultaneously in valve by the Part II of this liquid in this second exchanger cooled And individually heat again in this second heat exchanger to form the stream of vaporization.
According to another theme of the present invention, one kind is provided to contain at least 95mol%, reality for liquefaction The equipment of the gas stream of the border even at least carbon dioxide of 99mol%, this equipment at least includes：First Compression stage, in this first compression stage, this feed gas stream is compressed；For condensing this compression Stream is partly to condense it to produce the device of liquid flow；First heat exchanger, this first In heat exchanger, the stream of this compression is cooled to partly condense it；For reducing this partial condensation The pressure of stream device；This streaming reducing pressure is entered the first phase separator therein；Come for reducing Device from the pressure of the liquid of the first phase separator；Second phase separator；For the liquid that this reduces pressure Body delivers to the device of this second phase separator and for taking out this liquid from this second phase separator The device of stream；Second heat exchanger (9) for shell and tube heat exchanger；For by this liquid flow extremely A few part sends into the device in the pipe of this second heat exchanger；Following for taking out as product liquid The device of item：The Part I of this liquid i) cooled in this second exchanger, subsequently decompression, Or ii) by so that this cooled liquid is reduced pressure and part vaporization and The Part I of the liquid producing；Valve；For transporting this liquid in this second exchanger cooled Part II or by so that this liquid is reduced pressure and partly vaporization and produce the of liquid Two parts are to be reduced pressure and to be vaporized in the shell of this second exchanger to form vapour in this valve The device of the stream changed；And for compressing at least a portion of stream of this vaporization and by it with this charging The device of gas stream mixing.
According to other optional aspects, this equipment：
- the downstream that includes for the gas from this first phase separator being delivered to this first compression stage Device,
- the upstream that includes for the gas from this second phase separator being delivered to this first compression stage Device,
- between this first phase separator and this valve, do not include cooling device.
This second heat exchanger is preferably the final subcooler of this equipment.
Refer to the attached drawing is described by the present invention in more detailed manner.
In FIG, for liquefaction containing at least 95mol%, reality even at least the two of 99mol% The method of the stream 1 of carbonoxide to be carried out by being cooled down with the indirect heat exchange of low-temperature receiver.There is CO2Give Material, depending on its pressure, on recycle compressor 3, the interstage between stage 3B and 3C enters OK.
Latter two stage 3C, 3D compression of this compressor 3 flows 1 until reaching enough pressure, This makes it possible to the available low-temperature receiver of original position 5 (such as icy water) being condensate in heat exchanger 7 The gas stream running into.
The CO so condensing under high pressure2By continuous decompression in valve V1, V2 for the experience to lead to Cross generation gas self cooling.
The first decompression in valve V1 will preferably be in entering of the last wheel 3D of recycle compressor 3 Occur under mouth pressure.Therefore, come from the place producing after the decompression of this liquid of phase separator S1 Gas 4 under decompression back balance can recycle in the upstream of the trailing wheel of this recycle compressor.
Preferably envision the second stage of decompression in the second valve V2 for the liquid being derived from phase separator S1 To reduce the CO of this liquefaction before entering main switch 92Pressure, hence in so that being possible to CAPEX is saved on this same exchanger.Here again, selects decompressed pressure so that having The gas 6 from the second phase separator S2 may be recycled in the upstream of penultimate compression wheel 3C.
Make it possible to by last compression stage in this decompression order in valve V1, V2 The CO of cooling liquid while being recycled for as much as possible limiting OPEX impact218.
Once partly reducing pressure and cooling down, liquid CO218 stream will enter heat exchanger 9 To be subcooled by force wherein.After supercooling, liquid 18 is divided into two parts.This part 11 is in valve Reduced pressure in V3 so that the liquid under being formed at the pressure (typically 7 absolute pressure) of customer requirement produces Thing.After reducing pressure in valve V4, a part 13 is evaporated for liquid 18 in heat exchanger 9. Decompression in valve V4 makes this liquid lean on as far as possible with the temperature (- 56.5 DEG C) of three phase point until reaching Near temperature.
Low pressure CO of vaporization215 first stage 3A, 3B being then recirculated into recycle compressor 3 To guarantee 100% liquefaction yield.It is mixed with stream 1 between in the stage, 3B is with 3.
Above-mentioned heat exchanger 9 will be shell-tube type exchanger, and wherein stream 18 is in these Guan Zhongleng But and liquid 13 is depressurized to the pressure of the pressure close to three phase point in this shell, so as to avoid due to This same stream possible freeze any accident risk (particularly under situations below, wherein vaporization Liquid 15 is drawn returning compressor 3 therein too many and causes pressure drop to arrive CO2Three-phase Under the pressure of point).

Claims (13)

1. a kind of for liquefaction containing at least 95mol%, the actual even at least dioxy of 99mol% The method changing the gas stream of carbon, wherein：
A) feed gas stream (1) is compressed at least first compression stage (3C, 3D),
B) cool down the stream of this compression to make it condense at least in part to produce a kind of liquid flow, By cooling in first heat exchanger (7) rather than in this first heat exchanger to make its part Ground condensation, the stream of this partial condensation is reduced pressure and is delivered to the first phase separator (S1), in the future Reduced pressure and be then delivered to the second phase separator (S2) from the liquid of this first phase separator, and And take out this liquid flow from this second phase separator,
C) cool down at least a portion of this liquid flow in the pipe of second heat exchanger (9), this second Heat exchanger is shell and tube heat exchanger,
The Part I (11) of this liquid d) cooled in this second exchanger, subsequently decompression Serve as product liquid.
E) the cooled Part II of this liquid in this second exchanger or entered by making this liquid The Part II (13) of row decompression and the liquid partly vaporizing and producing is in valve (V4, V10) Reduced pressure and evaporated in the shell of this first exchanger to form the stream (15) of vaporization, and
F) at least a portion of the stream vaporizing this is compressed and is mixed with this feed gas stream.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein will be from this first phase separator (S1) Gas (4) is mixed with the feed gas stream being in first pressure.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein will be from this second phase separator (S2) Gas (6) mix with this feed gas stream.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein will be from this second phase separator (S2) Gas (6) is mixed with the feed gas stream being in the second pressure lower than this first pressure.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein will be from this second phase separator (S2) Gas and this feed gas stream are in the combined upstream of this first compression stage.
6. the method as described in one of above claim, is wherein derived from this first phase separator (S1) liquid (14) is not cooled in the upstream of this decompression.
7. the method as described in one of above claim, wherein this second heat exchanger (9) is Subcooler afterwards.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein this final product are under this second exchanger Trip is not cooled.
9. a kind of for liquefaction containing at least 95mol%, the actual even at least dioxy of 99mol% Change the equipment of the gas stream of carbon, this equipment at least includes：First compression stage (C3, C4), at this In first compression stage, this feed gas stream (1) is compressed；For condensing the stream of this compression so that will It partly condenses to produce the device of liquid flow；First heat exchanger (7), hands in this first heat In parallel operation, the stream of this compression is cooled to partly condense it；For reducing the stream of this partial condensation Pressure device；This streaming reducing pressure is entered the first phase separator (S1) therein；For reducing Device (V2) from the pressure of the liquid of the first phase separator；Second phase separator (S2)；For This liquid reducing pressure is delivered to the device of this second phase separator and is used for from this second phase separator The middle device taking out this liquid flow；Second heat exchanger (9) for shell and tube heat exchanger；For inciting somebody to action At least a portion of this liquid flow sends into the device in the pipe of this second heat exchanger；For as liquid Product (11) takes out cooled in this second exchanger, this liquid subsequently decompression Part I Device；Valve (V4, V10)；For transporting this liquid in this second exchanger cooled Part II is to be reduced pressure and to be vaporized to be formed in the shell of this second exchanger in this valve The device of the stream (15) of vaporization；And for compress this vaporization at least a portion of stream and by its The device (3A, 3B) mixing with this feed gas stream.
10. equipment as claimed in claim 9, including for by the gas from the first phase separator Deliver to the device in the downstream of this first compression stage.
11. equipment as described in claim 9 or 10, including for will be from this second phase separator Gas deliver to this first compression stage upstream device.
12. equipment as described in one of claim 9 to 11, this first phase separator and this valve it Between do not include cooling device.
13. equipment as described in one of claim 9 to 12, wherein this second heat exchanger are that this sets Standby last subcooler.
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