CN106401484B - A kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth - Google Patents
A kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth Download PDFInfo
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- CN106401484B CN106401484B CN201611049383.7A CN201611049383A CN106401484B CN 106401484 B CN106401484 B CN 106401484B CN 201611049383 A CN201611049383 A CN 201611049383A CN 106401484 B CN106401484 B CN 106401484B
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- rotary teeth
- gear wheel
- teeth
- cutting
- rotary
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000000515 tooth Anatomy 0.000 description 260
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003283 Pachira macrocarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001083492 Trapa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014364 Trapa natans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009165 saligot Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/20—Roller bits characterised by detachable or adjustable parts, e.g. legs or axles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/50—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of roller type
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite drill bits with rotary teeth, including bit body, stationary cutting structure and gear wheel, fixed cutting tooth is provided on stationary cutting structure, gear wheel is rotation connection with bit body, gear wheel can be rotated relative to bit body, bit body is equipped at least one gear wheel, cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel is rotary teeth, rotary teeth is formed with gear wheel and is rotatablely connected, the rotational axis offset of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth or the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth, and rotary teeth rear cutting face or rear cutting face geometric center preceding cutting face offset side's homonymy, rotation axis of the relatively rear cutting face in preceding cutting face close to rotary teeth, and it can be rotated on gear wheel around rotation axis.The present invention solves that on the prior art gear wheel composite teeth can not be used（Such as PDC teeth）The problem of, while it uses the cutting tooth consistent with the prior art（Such as hard-metal insert）When, the abrasion of cutting tooth and abrasion passivation speed are also more preferable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the drilling equipments skills such as petroleum gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, the hydrology
Art field more particularly to a kind of composite drill bit.
Background technology
Drill bit is in drilling engineering to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft.Now used in drilling engineering
Drill bit mainly have rock bit and PDC（Composite polycrystal-diamond）Drill bit.
Cutting tooth on PDC drill bit is fixed on bit body, and cutting tooth is relatively fixed with bit body, and PDC drill bit, which belongs to, to be fixed
Step cutting structure bit.Gear wheel in rock bit is formed by bearing arrangement and bit body and is rotatablely connected, when bit operation, drill bit
While body rotation drives gear wheel to be rotated around drill axis, gear wheel can also be rotated around the axis of itself, and the cutting tooth on gear wheel exists
Make complicated compound motion, rock bit category on-fixed step cutting structure bit under the synthesis of above two movement.
There is stationary cutting structure and cone structure simultaneously on bit body（On-fixed cutting structure）Composite drill bit be close
The novel rock crushing tool for gradually rising and promoting and applying over year.In composite drill bit drilling process, gear wheel is rotated around drill axis
Simultaneously cutting tooth also in the axis rotation of itself, gear wheel under complicated compound motion with bottom rock interaction.Gear wheel
During cutter breaking rock, cutting tooth is constantly changing with respect to the action direction of rock, some cutting tooths relatively even rock
Counter motion can be changed to；Gear wheel does not depart from shaft bottom always with the cutting tooth on bottom rock perseverance contact zone, opposite rock
Effect（It scrapes and cuts）Direction constantly changes between 0~360 °.This makes that directly butt formula can not be scraped using being particularly well suited on gear wheel
The composite polycrystal-diamond of broken rock（PDC teeth）The extremely strong diamond class cutting tooth of uniform wearability.Reason is that PDC teeth are by base
Body and polycrystalline diamond layer two parts composition, to rock rise it is main scrape that cut effect is polycrystalline diamond layer, PDC teeth scrape cutting work
When have directionality, can only be polycrystalline diamond layer in preceding matrix rear.If Impact direction changes PDC teeth during the work time
Amplitude is excessive, or by opposition, it is easy to cause bursting apart for polycrystalline diamond layer, the serious work for reducing PDC teeth
Service life, or even make the damage failure of PDC teeth within the extremely short time.
Therefore, the cutting tooth on the gear wheel of existing composite drill bit is generally hard-metal insert, the wearability of hard-metal insert
With hardness far away from the diamonds class cutting tooth such as PDC teeth.The wearability deficiency of cutting tooth is the important of influence gear wheel service life
Factor, the cutting tooth service life easy to wear for directly affecting drill bit.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of rotatable composite drill bit of cutting tooth is provided, nothing on prior art gear wheel is solved
Method uses composite teeth（Such as PDC teeth）The problem of, even if while its using the cutting tooth consistent with the prior art（Such as hard alloy
Tooth）When, the abrasion of cutting tooth and abrasion passivation speed are also more preferable.
The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals：
A kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth, including bit body, stationary cutting structure and gear wheel, on stationary cutting structure
It is provided with fixed cutting tooth, gear wheel is rotation connection with bit body, and gear wheel can be rotated relative to bit body, and cutting is provided on gear wheel
Tooth, bit body are equipped at least one gear wheel, and the cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel is rotary teeth, and rotary teeth is formed with gear wheel
The rotation axis of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in rotation connection, the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth or the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth is inclined
It moves, and the geometric center in the rear cutting face of rotary teeth or rear cutting face, in offset side's homonymy in preceding cutting face, preceding cutting face is opposite
Cutting face and can be rotated around rotation axis on gear wheel close to the rotation axis of rotary teeth afterwards.
Preceding cutting face described in this patent（It is referred to as rake face）Refer to cutting tooth to downhole formation cutwork when, cut
Under chip along its outflow surface.Then cutting face（It is referred to as flank）Refer to then that cutting tooth is opposite with downhole formation
Surface, rear cutting face be usually face cutting depth（Direction of feed）Face.Typically, preceding cutting face and rear cutting face
Intersection formed cutting edge, it serves as main cutwork.
For conventional hard-metal insert, it is combined by matrix and the wearing layer being consolidated on matrix compound
Tooth, preceding cutting face are the front end face of wearing layer, and then cutting face is then the side of wearing layer and/or matrix.So-called wearing layer
It is for opposite matrix, wearability is stronger, for composite polycrystal-diamond or polycrystal diamond composite teeth or glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant
For the composite teeth that stone is combined with impregnated diamond phase, wearing layer is polycrystalline diamond layer, and matrix is then hard conjunction
Golden or impregnated diamond etc., the rear portion that matrix is in wearing layer push away and hold the front end face that support wearing layer in preceding progress broken rock work
Make.
Therefore, this patent is mainly wanted to protect a kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth, including bit body, stationary cutting structure
And gear wheel, fixed cutting tooth is provided on stationary cutting structure, gear wheel is rotation connection with bit body, and gear wheel can opposite bit body
It rotates, cutting tooth is provided on gear wheel, bit body is equipped at least one gear wheel, and the cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel is rotation
Turn tooth, rotary teeth is formed with gear wheel and is rotatablely connected, and rotary teeth has wearing layer and matrix, and with the several of the front end face of wearing layer
What center is the rotational axis offset of critical point, rotary teeth entirety or most of relative rotation tooth including the geometric center, and
The front end face of wearing layer, close to the rotation axis of rotary teeth, and can be rotated around rotation axis on gear wheel with respect to matrix.
It should be further understood that the rotary teeth of this patent can also be applied to hard-metal insert, cubic boron or impregnated diamond
Tooth（Block）Equal teeth, at this time rotary teeth just dividing without wearing layer and matrix.
It is compound for composite polycrystal-diamond or polycrystal diamond composite teeth or polycrystalline diamond and impregnated diamond phase
Made of for composite teeth, wearing layer is polycrystalline diamond layer, and matrix is then hard alloy or impregnated diamond etc., at this time
The front end face of polycrystalline diamond layer is then preceding cutting face, and according to the difference of its front end face shape, preceding cutting face can be plane（Example
If the front end face of most common regular cylindrical body PDC teeth, polycrystalline diamond layer is a circular flat）, curved surface（Such as diamond
Layer forms the front end face an of taper, hemispherical or ridge-shaped/wedge shape etc. on matrix）Or the various surfaces such as shaped face.Likewise,
Cutting face can be cylindrical surface according to diamond layer or the difference of matrix side view afterwards（Such as common regular cylindrical body PDC
The side of tooth, polycrystalline diamond layer is cylindrical surface）Or other cylinders, can also be plane etc..
Composite polycrystal-diamond is also known as PDC teeth（Polycrystalline Diamond Compact）Or PDC is compound
Piece is made of polycrystalline diamond layer and matrix two parts（Referring to Figure 12）.PDC teeth are using diadust and hard alloy substrate
It is sintered under ultra high pressure and high temperature conditions.Diadust forms the polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC teeth, and hard alloy substrate becomes
The matrix of PDC teeth.PDC teeth had not only had high rigidity, the high-wearing feature of diamond, but also had the intensity of hard alloy and shock resistance tough
Property, it is the ideal material for manufacturing cutting tool, drilling bit and other wear resistant tools.PDC teeth are suitable for the work in a manner of scraping and cut
Make, since the hardness and wearability of the polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC teeth are significantly larger than the matrix of cemented carbide material, PDC teeth
There is self-sharpening, the i.e. rate of wear of polycrystalline diamond layer to be considerably slower than matrix, make the cutting edge of PDC teeth when scraping cutting and making
（Hard and wear-resisting diamond layer）Remain sharp keen state.
When PDC teeth are scraped cutting and made, serves and main scrape that cut is polycrystalline diamond layer.The polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC teeth is hard
And it is crisp, matrix is relatively soft but has good toughness, therefore PDC teeth are scraped when cutting is made with directionality, can only be poly-
Diamond layer after scrape cutting in preceding matrix（Such as Figure 13）, i.e. matrix is in the rear portion of polycrystalline diamond layer and pushes away to hold and support
Polycrystalline diamond layer.If the counter motion during the work time of PDC teeth, matrix after scrape cutting in preceding polycrystalline diamond layer,
Polycrystalline diamond layer is directly by opposition, it is easy to cause bursting apart or falling off for polycrystalline diamond layer, seriously reduce PDC
The working life of tooth, or even make the damage failure of PDC teeth within the extremely short time.
This patent is compared with the advantageous effect of the prior art：
1, the rotary teeth contact rock on this patent gear wheel and when rock interaction broken rock, no matter cutting tooth and rock contact
When beginning state how, when active force of the cutting tooth by rock, due to the rotary teeth on gear wheel can opposite gear wheel rotation,
The rotational axis offset of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth or the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth, and rotary teeth
Rear cutting face in the geometric center in the rear cutting face of offset side's homonymy or rotary teeth in offset side's homonymy.In rock counter-force
Under effect, rotary teeth can be rotated to the preceding cutting face of tooth preceding, and rock was cut scraping later in the back side in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth.
And scrape cut through rock during, no matter how gear wheel rotates, the rotary teeth on gear wheel can be before cutting face in preceding, preceding cutting
The posterior orientation in the back side in face cuts through rock to scrape.The rotational axis offset of cutting element relative rotation tooth on rotary teeth, outside
Under the action of power, along the power of the plane perpendicular to rotation axis（Component）Rotary teeth will be pushed to rotate about axis rotation, made
The normal in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth always cuts broken rock along butt is scraped, and the preceding cutting face normal direction of cutting tooth is directed toward to scrape always cuts
Direction.The rotary teeth of this patent biasing has orientation self-regulation adaptation function, keeps the cutting element on rotary teeth former always
Cutting face cuts through rock in the posterior orientation in the back side in preceding, preceding cutting face to scrape.In this way, can be strong using wearability on this patent
Diamond class cutting tooth especially can scrape the PDC teeth of butt formula broken rock using being particularly well suited for.Structure side used by this patent
Case is diamond class cutting tooth, and especially PDC teeth are applied provides condition in rock bit.
2, the rotary teeth on this patent gear wheel can be rotated relative to gear wheel and the cutting element of rotary teeth biases, and rotary teeth is always
With stable section of scraping cutting work is scraped with respect to rock.No matter how bit cone rotates, the position of gear wheel and rotary teeth thereon
How, regardless of scraping for cutting tooth is cut the direction of motion and changed on gear wheel, the rotary teeth on gear wheel always can be with its preceding cutting face
It is scraped in the posterior orientation in the back side in preceding, preceding cutting face and cuts rock, rotary teeth scrapes that cut operative orientation constant always with respect to rock, this
Be conducive to slow down the abrasion of cutting tooth.Cutting tooth cuts that frictional direction is constant with respect to scraping for rock always, compared with cutting on conventional roller cone
Butt is scraped to continually changing working method, even if this patent is using consistent with the prior art with respect to rock when cutting tooth work
Cutting tooth（Such as hard-metal insert）, the abrasion of cutting tooth and abrasion passivation speed will be got well.
3, the cutting element on the rotary teeth on this patent can be used wearability by force and be extremely suitable for scrape butt formula broken rock
There is good self-sharpening, the rate of wear of polycrystalline diamond layer to be considerably slower than matrix when scraping cutting and making for PDC teeth, PDC teeth.It is general
For cutting tooth on logical gear wheel in the drill bit broken rock course of work, cutting tooth scrapes butt to constantly changing with respect between rock,
Hard-metal insert on gear wheel can be passivated to tooth top water chestnut during continually changing by rounding scraping butt, is scraped and is cut efficiency drop
It is low.PDC teeth are used on rotary teeth, no matter how gear wheel rotates, and how is the orientation of cutting tooth, and the PDC teeth on rotary teeth always can
It is scraped in the posterior operating configurations of preceding matrix with polycrystalline diamond layer and cuts rock, PDC teeth scrape butt to remaining with respect to rock
Constant, PDC teeth are scraped with normal direction cut through rock always, are conducive to PDC teeth and scrape cut through giving full play to for rock advantage, can be fully
Using the wearability of PDC teeth and from sharp characteristic.PDC tooth relative harder carbide buttons are easier to intrusion rock, are easier to scrape and cut through rock.
Therefore, while drilling life of bit can be significantly improved using rotary teeth on the gear wheel of composite drill bit, Cutter is improved
Scrape the efficiency of breaking rock for cutting efficiency and drill bit.
Alternatively, the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth is towards its rotation axis.As further selection, the preceding cutting of rotary teeth
The normal of the mistake geometric center in face rotates axis intersection.
Alternatively, rotary teeth includes the rotary shaft being rotatablely connected with gear wheel, and fixed cutting member on the rotary shaft
Part, cutting element are selected from composite polycrystal-diamond（PDC teeth）, polycrystal diamond composite teeth（I.e. polycrystalline diamond is adopted with matrix
The complex form other than aforementioned compound sheet form is taken, is referred to as " polycrystal diamond composite teeth "）, thermally stable polycrystalline diamond it is compound
Tooth, impregnated diamond tooth（Block）, cubic boron, ceramic tooth or polycrystalline diamond answer with what impregnated diamond phase was combined
It is one or more in conjunction tooth, and cutting element is composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth or polycrystalline diamond
When the composite teeth being combined with impregnated diamond phase, the front end face of the polycrystalline diamond layer of cutting tooth is preceding cutting face.It should
In scheme, since this patent uses the structure of rotary teeth, the cutting element on rotary teeth can be with stable direction with respect to rock
Cutting work is scraped, therefore wearability preferably above-mentioned cutting element can be used on the rotary teeth of this patent, to improve Cutter
And the service life and efficiency of breaking rock of entire drill bit.
Alternatively, the rotation of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in the preceding cutting face in the preceding cutting face or rotary teeth of rotary teeth
The offset distance of axis is more than 1/8th of the rotary shaft radius of rotary teeth, is less than twice of rotary shaft radius.In the program, it is
It is smoothly rotated when rotary teeth and rock interaction being enable to work to correctly scraping butt to and keeping good and scrape butt position, rotation
The offset distance for turning the rotation axis of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in the preceding cutting face of tooth or the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth cannot be too
Small, the offset distance the big more is easy to the smooth rotation of rotary teeth, and driving rotary teeth to rotate to the driving force of normal orientation also will be more sufficient,
Also more it is easy to ensure that rotary teeth can keep good during gear wheel is rotating and scrape butt position.But offset distance can not be too
Greatly, too big offset distance will make rotary teeth occupy larger revolution space, cause the waste in gear wheel cloth tooth space.As further
The offset distance of the rotation axis of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in selection, the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth or the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth
Between 1~32mm.
Alternatively, the cutting element on rotary teeth is 1-6.In the program, the cutting element on rotary teeth can be 1
It is a, or it is multiple, it can be cut according to the actual size of bit size, rotary teeth size and cutting element to be arranged on rotary teeth
Cut the quantity of element.As further selection, the cutting element on rotary teeth is 1,2 or 3.
Alternatively, 1 gear wheel is set on bit body.After outside diameter determines, the space on drill bit is limited and valuable
's.1 gear wheel is only set on composite drill bit, is conducive to the small-sized of composite drill bit.When the wellbore bored is smaller, corresponding drill bit
The space for leaving gear wheel when outer diameter is smaller, on drill bit for is limited, and only single cone composite drill can be formed by 1 gear wheel of setting on composite drill bit
Head.The contact area of the Single-cone compound drill bit of only 1 gear wheel, gear wheel and bottom rock is generally large, on gear wheel mostly
Number surface is contacted with bottom rock, and the cutting tooth on gear wheel will scrape butt formula fractured rock with relatively long distance, be used on gear wheel
The rotary teeth of this patent is conducive to the efficiency of breaking rock for improving gear wheel and drill bit, extends drilling life of bit.
Alternatively, 2-4 gear wheel is provided on bit body.It can be arranged when outside diameter is larger, on composite drill bit more
A gear wheel, such as 2-4 gear wheel.Multiple gear wheels are set on composite drill bit, bit cutting structure can be made more balanced more symmetrical, be conducive to
Improve stability when bit operation.
Alternatively, rotary teeth is arranged on the stationary cutting structure of bit body.Further, rotary teeth is arranged in drill bit
On the center portion region of the inside one third of diameter.When drill bit creeps into complexity（Such as compound drilling）When, cutting tooth complicated movement, cutting tooth
Opposite rock to scrape butt frequent to changing greatly and change.Rotary teeth is applied on stationary cutting structure, can improve cutting tooth
Scrape butt to adaptability, improve cutting tooth service life, and then improve the service life of drill bit.In bit drilling process
When the compound movements such as lateral vibration occur, the cutting tooth of drill bit center portion cuts direction change premature failure frequently easily occurs because scraping, in drill bit
Rotary teeth is set on the center portion region of the inside one third of diameter, can enhance drill bit center portion cutting tooth scrapes butt to adaptability, carries
High drilling life of bit.
Alternatively, fortune of the restricted rotary teeth on rotation axis direction is set between the rotary shaft and gear wheel of rotary teeth
Dynamic locking mechanism.In the program, rotary teeth is arranged when on gear wheel, to prevent rotary teeth along the direction play of rotation axis or
It falls off along axis, locking mechanism can be set between rotary teeth and gear wheel, enhance reliability and the safety of rotary teeth.Here
Locking refers to limiting rotary teeth along the direction of rotation axis, prevents rotary teeth along the direction play of rotation axis or falls off, and
Rotation of the rotary teeth relative to gear wheel is not limited.As further selection, locked using ball between the rotary shaft and gear wheel of rotary teeth
Tightly.Ball locking can reduce to the greatest extent while influencing rotary teeth rotary motion, can realize rotary teeth along its rotation axis direction
Limit and axial locking, and it is easy to process.
Alternatively, it is provided with sealing structure between the rotary shaft and gear wheel of rotary teeth.In the program, when bit operation at
In the environment such as drilling fluid, landwaste, rotary teeth can be rotated relative to gear wheel, to prevent other substances from entering the rotation of rotary teeth and gear wheel
Between turning secondary, sealing structure can be set between rotary teeth and gear wheel, to reduce the abrasion of revolute, extend the use of revolute
Service life.
The foregoing main solution of the present invention and further alternatives thereof can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, be this
Invent the scheme that can be used and be claimed；And the present invention,（Each non conflicting selection）Between selection and between other selections
It can also be freely combined.Those skilled in the art, which can be illustrated after understanding the present invention program according to the prior art and common knowledge, to be had
Multiple combinations are the claimed technical solution of the present invention, do not do exhaustion herein.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is that the rotary teeth of the embodiment of the present invention 1 scrapes schematic diagram when cutting through rock.
Fig. 4 is that the rotary shaft of the rotary teeth of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is that the structural schematic diagram of stepped axle journal shape is arranged.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram that the rotary shaft of the rotary teeth of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is cylinder.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are the structural schematic diagram that the cutting element on the rotary teeth of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is 2.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are that 1 gear wheel is arranged on the bit body of the embodiment of the present invention 1, and gear wheel front end is equipped with stationary cutting structure
Structural schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram that 2 gear wheels are arranged on the bit body of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Figure 11 is the embodiment of the present invention 4, is provided with locking mechanism and sealing structure between the rotary teeth and gear wheel of embodiment 5
Structural schematic diagram.
Figure 12 is routine PDC toothing schematic diagrames.
Figure 13 is that routine PDC teeth normally scrape schematic diagram when cutting through rock.
Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16 are that the shape of the cutting element on the rotary teeth of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is respectively semicolumn
Shape, wedge shape and vertically arranged cylindrical structural schematic diagram.
In figure：1, bit body, 2, gear wheel, 3, rotary teeth, 31, PDC tooth matrixes, 32, the polycrystalline diamond layers of PDC teeth, 33,
The preceding cutting face of rotary teeth, 34, the rotation axis of rotary teeth, 35, the rear cutting face of rotary teeth, 36, the rotary shaft of rotary teeth,
37, the back side in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth, 4, stationary cutting structure, 41, fixed cutting tooth, 5, sealing structure, 6, locking mechanism,
7, rock.
Specific implementation mode
Following non-limiting examples are for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
With reference to shown in figure 1-5, a kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth, including bit body 1, stationary cutting structure 4 and tooth
2 are taken turns, fixed cutting tooth 41 is provided on stationary cutting structure 4, gear wheel 2 is rotation connection with bit body 1, and gear wheel 2 can opposite brill
Head body 1 rotates, and cutting tooth is provided on gear wheel 2, and bit body 1 is equipped at least one gear wheel 2, and the cutting tooth on gear wheel 2 is at least
It is rotary teeth 3 to have one, and rotary teeth 3 is formed with gear wheel 2 and is rotatablely connected, and rotary teeth 3 can be rotated relative to gear wheel 2.Alternatively, such as
Shown in the present embodiment, rotary teeth 3 includes the rotary shaft 36 being rotatablely connected with gear wheel 2, and the cutting being fixed in rotary shaft 36
Element, the axis hole for the rotary shaft 36 for accommodating matching rotation tooth 3 is correspondingly provided on gear wheel 2, and rotary shaft 36 is inserted into axis hole in gear wheel 2
Upper rotation.Rotary shaft 36 can be there are many form, such as Fig. 4,7 be the rotary shaft 36 of rotary teeth 3 is that stepped axle journal is arranged
Shape, Fig. 5,6 be the rotary shaft 36 of rotary teeth 3 are cylindrical.Cutting element is consolidated in the top surface of rotary shaft 36, front end face（It is resistance to
Grind the front end face of layer）It has angle with the top surface of rotary shaft 36, the consolidation form of cutting element and rotary shaft 36 can also have more
Kind mode：Such as Fig. 4, shown in 5, part of matrix and wearing layer side are absorbed in and being fixed in top surface, or as shown in Figure 6,7,
A boss is formed in top surface, body portion side, which is absorbed in, to be fixed in boss, and wearing layer then exposure in outside boss.Rotation
The rotation axis 34 of the preceding cutting face 33 of the cutting element of tooth 3 or the geometric center O relative rotation tooth 3 in preceding cutting face 33 deviates,
And the geometric center in the rear cutting face 35 of rotary teeth 3 or rear cutting face 35, in offset side's homonymy, preceding cutting face 33 is cut afterwards relatively
Face 35 and can be rotated around rotation axis 34 on gear wheel 2 close to the rotation axis 34 of rotary teeth.Alternatively, on rotary teeth 3
Cutting element is composite polycrystal-diamond（PDC teeth）, it is polycrystal diamond composite teeth, thermally stable polycrystalline diamond composite teeth, pregnant
Inlay diamond tooth（Block）, the composite teeth that is combined with impregnated diamond phase of cubic boron, ceramic tooth or polycrystalline diamond.
As further selection, the cutting element on rotary teeth 3 is composite polycrystal-diamond（PDC teeth）.Composite polycrystal-diamond
It is made of polycrystalline diamond layer 32 and 31 two parts of matrix（Referring to Figure 12）, wherein the front end face of polycrystalline diamond layer 32 be cut
The preceding cutting face 33 of element is cut, side is rear cutting face 35（With reference to figure 3）.Alternatively, the shape of the cutting element on rotary teeth 3
Shape is semi-cylindrical（With reference to figure 14）, wedge shape（With reference to figure 15）Or vertically arranged cylinder（With reference to figure 16）Deng.Alternatively,
The rotation axis 34 of the geometric center O relative rotation tooth 3 in the preceding cutting face 33 of rotary teeth 3 or the preceding cutting face 33 of rotary teeth 3
Offset distance S is more than 36 radius of rotary shaft of rotary teeth 3（Rotary shaft 36 is placed in the radius of cylinder or necked part in axis hole）'s
1/8th, it is less than twice of 36 radius of rotary shaft（With reference to figure 3, Figure 11）.As further selection, the preceding cutting of rotary teeth 3
The offset distance S of the rotation axis 34 of the geometric center relative rotation tooth 3 in face 33 or the preceding cutting face 33 of rotary teeth 3 is in 1~32mm
Between.Cutting element on rotary teeth can be 1, or multiple.Alternatively, the cutting element on rotary teeth 3 is
1-6.As further selection, the cutting element on rotary teeth 3 is 1（As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5）, 2（Such as Fig. 6, figure
7）Or 3.When cutting unit 1, the normal of the preferably mistake geometric center in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth rotates 34 phase of axis
It hands over.When cutting unit is multiple, the preceding cutting face 33 of each cutting unit is side by side towards rotation axis 34, and relative rotation axis 34
Left and right is uniformly distributed.The gear wheel being arranged on bit body can be 1, or multiple.Alternatively, 1 tooth is set on bit body
Wheel（As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 8, Fig. 9）.Alternatively, it is provided with 2-4 gear wheel on bit body 1, refering to what is shown in Fig. 10, bit body 1
On be provided with 2 gear wheels.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference lies in：The fixed cutting knot in bit body 1 is arranged in rotary teeth 3
On structure 4.
Embodiment 3：
With reference to shown in figure 11, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference lies in：The rotary shaft and tooth of rotary teeth 3
Restricted rotary teeth 3 is set along 34 direction of rotation axis with respect to the locking mechanism 6 that gear wheel 2 moves between wheel 2.Rotary teeth 3 and tooth
Elastic collar structure can be set between wheel 2, to prevent rotary teeth 3 from falling off along the direction play of rotation axis 34 or along axis, rotation
Turn that structure can be threaded between tooth 3 and gear wheel 2, it is by nut that the limit of rotary teeth 3 is anti-spin-ended in the rotation perforation of gear wheel 2
Turn tooth along the direction play of rotation axis or falls off.As further selection, locked using ball between rotary teeth 3 and gear wheel 2
（Such as Figure 11）.
Embodiment 4：
With reference to shown in figure 11, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference lies in：The rotary shaft and tooth of rotary teeth 3
It is provided with sealing structure 5 between wheel 2.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth, including bit body, stationary cutting structure and gear wheel, set on stationary cutting structure
It is equipped with fixed cutting tooth, gear wheel is rotation connection with bit body, and gear wheel can be rotated relative to bit body, and cutting is provided on gear wheel
Tooth, it is characterised in that：Bit body is equipped at least one gear wheel, and the cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel is rotary teeth, rotation
Tooth is formed with gear wheel and is rotatablely connected, the geometric center relative rotation tooth in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth or the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth
Rotational axis offset, and the geometric center in the rear cutting face of rotary teeth or rear cutting face is in offset side's homonymy in preceding cutting face, it is preceding
Cutting face relatively after cutting face close to the rotation axis of rotary teeth, and can be rotated on gear wheel around rotation axis.
2. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：Rotary teeth includes being rotated with gear wheel
The rotary shaft of connection, and fixed cutting element on the rotary shaft, cutting element are selected from composite polycrystal-diamond, impregnated gold
One kind in the composite teeth that hard rock tooth, cubic boron, ceramic tooth or polycrystalline diamond are combined with impregnated diamond phase or
It is a variety of, and cutting element is the composite teeth that composite polycrystal-diamond or polycrystalline diamond are combined with impregnated diamond phase
When, the front end face of the polycrystalline diamond layer of cutting tooth is preceding cutting face.
3. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：The preceding cutting face of rotary teeth or rotation
The offset distance for turning the rotation axis of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in the preceding cutting face of tooth is more than the rotary shaft radius of rotary teeth
1/8th, it is less than twice of rotary shaft radius.
4. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 or 3 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：The preceding cutting face of rotary teeth
Or the offset distance of the rotation axis of the geometric center relative rotation tooth in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth is between 1~32mm.
5. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：Cutting element on rotary teeth is
1-6.
6. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：The mistake in the preceding cutting face of rotary teeth
The normal of geometric center rotates axis intersection.
7. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：Rotary teeth is arranged in bit body
On stationary cutting structure.
8. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 or 2 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：The rotary shaft of rotary teeth with
The locking mechanism of movement of the restricted rotary teeth on rotation axis direction is set between gear wheel.
9. the composite drill bit according to claim 8 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：The rotary shaft and gear wheel of rotary teeth
Between using ball lock.
10. the composite drill bit according to claim 1 or 2 with rotary teeth, it is characterised in that：The rotary shaft of rotary teeth with
Sealing structure is provided between gear wheel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611049383.7A CN106401484B (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | A kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611049383.7A CN106401484B (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | A kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth |
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| CN106401484B true CN106401484B (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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| CN201611049383.7A Active CN106401484B (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | A kind of composite drill bit with rotary teeth |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106639887B (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2018-09-14 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary teeth single-cone rotary drill bit |
| CN109306851B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2024-03-15 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary cutting module and diamond drill bit with same |
| CN110359856A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2019-10-22 | 西南石油大学 | Combined type diamond bit with slew buffer structure |
| CN110273650A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-24 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of diamond bit with flexible cutting structure |
| CN110792397B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-05-13 | 西南石油大学 | Composite drill bit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7198434B2 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2007-04-03 | Berkel & Company Contractors, Inc. | Full-displacement pressure grouted pile system and method |
| CN201671547U (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-12-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | PDC drill bit with gauge having cylindrical roller |
| CN205532305U (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-31 | 西南石油大学 | Rotatable PDC drill bit of cutting teeth |
| CN206190213U (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-24 | 西南石油大学 | Composite drill bit with rotary teeth |
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