CN106400057A - Energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath - Google Patents
Energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath Download PDFInfo
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- CN106400057A CN106400057A CN201611106797.9A CN201611106797A CN106400057A CN 106400057 A CN106400057 A CN 106400057A CN 201611106797 A CN201611106797 A CN 201611106797A CN 106400057 A CN106400057 A CN 106400057A
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- rare earth
- high efficiency
- electrolytic etching
- energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/34—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of metals not provided for in groups C25C3/02 - C25C3/32
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/005—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells of cells for the electrolysis of melts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
- C25C7/025—Electrodes; Connections thereof used in cells for the electrolysis of melts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath. The energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath comprises a bath body, a molybdenum crucible, a cathode and an anode. The molybdenum crucible is arranged at the bottom of the inside of the bath body. The anode surrounds the inner wall of the bath body to be vertically arranged. The cathode is vertically arranged at the center of the bath body. The cathode is a hollow cylinder. The energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath has the technical effects that by increasing the cathode radius, the cathode-current density is reduced under the condition that the anode-current density and electrolyte body current density are not changed, and therefore the electrolyte voltage drop nearby the cathode is reduced, the bath voltage of the electrolytic bath can be greatly lowered, and the energy-saving and cost-reducing purposes are realized. Decomposition of rare earth fluoride is reduced through the low voltage, and the content of fluorine in flue gas is decreased. Losses of lateral heat are reduced through the increase of thermal insulation materials, and meanwhile heating decrease caused by the low voltage can be offset. Through the design of adding the cover at the upper end, the top heat loss is reduced; and meanwhile, flue gas emissions are controlled, and air pollution of an electrolytic plant is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rare-earth smelting technical field, particularly to a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove.
Background technology
Rare earth molten-salt electrolysis are to prepare one of important method of rare earth metal and its alloy, current industrial production rare earth metal
Electrolysis bath suitable for reading for open type, negative electrode and anode are cylinder parallel vertical arrangement, and pole span is 15～20cm.This structure leads to
Existing re metal electrolyzing tank voltage is high, and production efficiency is low, environmental pollution is serious, technological parameter fluctuation is big, and serious obstruction is dilute
The development further of native electrolysis tech.Currently, ton metal energy consumption is up to 10000kWh, and capacity usage ratio is very low, big absolutely portion
Divide energy to be consumed in pole span voltage drop, and substantial amounts of energy all outwards scatters and disappears in the form of heat, research shows existing structure
The uncovered heat loss through radiation of rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell body accounts for the 44.5% of total heat expenditure.And tank voltage too high when, can in the electrolyte
When oxide concentration is not enough, so that rare earth fluoride is decomposed serious, produce the direct discharge of fluoro-gas and pollute environment.Therefore, drop
The solution of the problem that the existing groove such as low tank voltage, reduction electrolysis bath sidepiece and top heat dissipation, control fume emission exists is to realize
Rare Earth Electrolysis industry and its key of technology development.
Content of the invention
The technical problem serious in order to solve current rare earth electrolysis cell high energy consumption, environmental pollution, the present invention provides one kind can
The tank voltage reducing electrolysis bath is it is achieved that high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove that is energy-saving and can reducing environmental pollution.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme is that,
A kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, including groove body, molybdenum crucible, negative electrode and anode, described molybdenum crucible
It is arranged at the intrinsic bottom of groove, described anode circumferential groove inner body wall is vertically cylindric to be arranged, and described negative electrode vertically sets
It is placed at groove body center, described negative electrode is the hollow cylinder of bottom end seal.
A kind of described high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, the radius of described negative electrode is 5-15cm, the thickness of barrel
For 1-4cm.
A kind of described high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, described negative electrode is made up of tungsten or molybdenum.
A kind of described high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, the outer wall of described negative electrode from top to electrolysis bath in electricity
It is coated with insulating barrier at 1-5cm under solution matter liquid level.
A kind of described high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, described insulating barrier is insulating coating or BN pipe.
A kind of described high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, the top of described groove body is provided with for enclosed slot top
The top cover of opening.
A kind of described high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, described top cover is provided with through hole, and through hole passes through exhaustor
Road connects outside negative pressure exhaust apparatus.
A kind of described high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, described Pot Lining structure is sequentially provided with fire resisting from the outside to the core
Brick, ceramic beaverboard, graphite powder and graphite tank, the contact surface of described refractory brick and ceramic fiberboard is respectively provided with
Iron sheet layer, the thickness of described refractory brick is 5-20cm, ceramic fibre plate thickness is 1-10cm, the thickness of graphite bisque is 1-
5cm, the thickness of graphite tank are 10-15cm.
The method have technical effect that, reduce negative electrode voltage drop nearby by increasing cathode radius, can substantially reduce
The tank voltage of electrolysis bath；The present invention keep pole span, anodic current density and electrolyte volume current density all constant in the case of,
More than tank voltage 1.7V can be reduced compared to traditional slot it is achieved that accompanied by substantial power saving.Meanwhile, using the major diameter of the present invention
Hollow cylinder negative electrode, is keeping same pole under the conditions of, furnace depth etc., is considerably increasing the quantity of groove Inner electrolysis matter, favorably
Heat stability in the dissolving of rare earth oxide raw material and raising groove, groove operation stability is obviously improved, correspondingly cell current capacity
Also increase substantially with production capacity, and low tank voltage can reduce the decomposition of rare earth fluoride, reduce the Oil repellent in flue gas.Protect
The reinforcement of adiabator decreases the loss of sidepiece heat, makes up the heat income minimizing that low tank voltage brings simultaneously, increased energy
Utilization rate.The design that upper end is added a cover both had decreased the loss of top heat, controlled the discharge of flue gas simultaneously, decreased electrolysis car
Between air pollution.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the experimental result picture being simulated simulation calculation using this device；
Wherein 1 is molybdenum crucible, 2 is negative electrode, 3 is anode, 4 is top cover, 5 is discharge duct, 6 is refractory brick, 7 is that pottery is fine
Dimension plate, 8 be graphite bisque, 9 be graphite tank, 10 be iron sheet layer, 11 be insulating barrier.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment includes groove body, molybdenum crucible, negative electrode and anode, and wherein molybdenum crucible is arranged at groove originally in vivo
Bottom, the vertically cylindric setting of anode circumferential groove inner body wall, negative electrode is vertically arranged at groove body center, in order to realize increasing
Big cathode radius do not increase cathode material usage amount simultaneously, and the negative electrode of the present embodiment is hollow cylinder, and bottom sealed with
Prevent electrolyte from entering.The radius of negative electrode is 5-15cm, and the thickness of barrel is 1-3cm.It is 3-5cm's compared to common radius
The radius of solid cylinder negative electrode improves a lot, and will not increase the usage amount of cathode material.The material that negative electrode is selected is tungsten
Or molybdenum.The tank voltage of electrolysis bath so can be substantially reduced, realize energy-saving.And low-voltage decreases dividing of rare earth fluoride
Solution, decreases the Oil repellent in flue gas.Hollow cathode cylinder outer surface top is to the 1-5cm under electrolyte levels all using absolutely
Edge coating or BN pipe are electrically insulated, and so that electrolysis bath heating region is moved down, and the heat greatly reducing electrolyte top scatters and disappears, and keeps away
Exempt from the corrosion in three phase boundary for the conventional cathode, thus improve negative electrode service life.
In order to realize reducing top thermal loss, control fume emission to reduce the purpose of the air pollution of potroom,
The top of the groove body of the present embodiment is provided with top cover open-topped for enclosed slot.Top cover is provided with through hole simultaneously, and through hole leads to
Cross discharge duct and connect outside negative pressure exhaust apparatus.
In order to reduce the loss of electrolysis bath heat, make up the heating minimizing that low-voltage leads to simultaneously.The present embodiment groove body
It is sequentially provided with refractory brick, ceramic beaverboard, graphite bisque and graphite tank, ceramic beaverboard and refractory brick and graphite from the outside to the core
Iron sheet layer is respectively provided with the contact surface of bisque.The thickness of wherein refractory brick is 5-20cm, ceramic fibre plate thickness is 1-
10cm, the thickness of graphite bisque are 1-5cm, the thickness of graphite tank is 10-15cm.
Referring to Fig. 2, wherein left is traditional rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove Electric Field Simulation result of calculation figure, and right is described in the invention
High efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove Electric Field Simulation result of calculation figure is it is seen that keeping pole span, anodic current density and electrolysis
In the case that plastid electric current density is all constant, using the present embodiment device, more than tank voltage 1.7V can be reduced compared to traditional slot,
Achieve accompanied by substantial power saving.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove, including groove body, molybdenum crucible, negative electrode and anode, described molybdenum crucible sets
It is placed in the intrinsic bottom of groove, described anode circumferential groove inner body wall is vertically cylindric to be arranged, and described negative electrode is vertically arranged
It is characterised in that described negative electrode is the hollow cylinder of bottom end seal at groove body center.
2. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described negative electrode half
Footpath is 5-15cm, and the thickness of barrel is 1-4cm.
3. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described negative electrode be by
Tungsten or molybdenum are made.
4. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described negative electrode outer
Wall is coated with insulating barrier under the electrolyte levels in electrolysis bath for the top at 1-5cm.
5. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described insulating barrier is
Insulating coating or BN pipe.
6. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described groove body
Top is provided with top cover open-topped for enclosed slot.
7. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that set on described top cover
There is through hole, through hole connects outside negative pressure exhaust apparatus by discharge duct.
8. a kind of high efficiency energy-saving rare earth electrolytic etching of metal groove according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described Pot Lining is tied
Structure is sequentially provided with refractory brick, ceramic beaverboard, graphite powder and graphite tank, described refractory brick and ceramic beaverboard from the outside to the core
Iron sheet layer is respectively provided with the contact surface of layer, the thickness of described refractory brick is 5-20cm, ceramic fibre plate thickness is 1-
10cm, the thickness of graphite bisque are 1-5cm, the thickness of graphite tank is 10-15cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611106797.9A CN106400057A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611106797.9A CN106400057A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath |
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| CN106400057A true CN106400057A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| CN201611106797.9A Pending CN106400057A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Energy-efficient rare earth metal electrolytic bath |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110512239A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-11-29 | 江西理工大学应用科学学院 | A kind of electrolytic furnace being used to prepare rare earth metal |
| CN115354364A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-18 | 东北大学 | Covering type upper-inserted cathode rare earth electrolytic cell |
| CN115354364B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-06-04 | 东北大学 | Covering type upper-inserted cathode rare earth electrolytic tank |
Citations (7)
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| CN1040399A (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1990-03-14 | 高雅君 | The preparation technology's method and the device thereof of dy-nd alloys |
| US5118396A (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1992-06-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrolytic process for producing neodymium metal or neodymium metal alloys |
| JPH06172887A (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-21 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corp | Production of aluminum alloy |
| CN202415703U (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-09-05 | 赣州科力稀土新材料有限公司 | Electrolytic cell for producing rare earth metals |
| CN204779870U (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 赣州三友稀土新材料有限公司 | Leak -tight rare earth metal electrolytic cell assembly |
| CN205062204U (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-03-02 | 虔东稀土集团股份有限公司 | Electrolytic furnace |
| CN205616966U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-05 | 赣州三友稀土新材料有限公司 | Earth metal electrolytic groove |
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2016
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| CN1040399A (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1990-03-14 | 高雅君 | The preparation technology's method and the device thereof of dy-nd alloys |
| US5118396A (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1992-06-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrolytic process for producing neodymium metal or neodymium metal alloys |
| JPH06172887A (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-21 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corp | Production of aluminum alloy |
| CN202415703U (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-09-05 | 赣州科力稀土新材料有限公司 | Electrolytic cell for producing rare earth metals |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110512239A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-11-29 | 江西理工大学应用科学学院 | A kind of electrolytic furnace being used to prepare rare earth metal |
| CN115354364A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-18 | 东北大学 | Covering type upper-inserted cathode rare earth electrolytic cell |
| CN115354364B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-06-04 | 东北大学 | Covering type upper-inserted cathode rare earth electrolytic tank |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |
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