CN106395872B - A kind of method for synthesizing the nano-carbon material with single graphite N doping - Google Patents
A kind of method for synthesizing the nano-carbon material with single graphite N doping Download PDFInfo
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- CN106395872B CN106395872B CN201610802119.XA CN201610802119A CN106395872B CN 106395872 B CN106395872 B CN 106395872B CN 201610802119 A CN201610802119 A CN 201610802119A CN 106395872 B CN106395872 B CN 106395872B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/021—After-treatment of oxides or hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/02—Magnesia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/85—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by XPS, EDX or EDAX data
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
Abstract
There is the method for the nano-carbon material of single graphite N doping the invention discloses a kind of synthesis, belong to the synthesis technical field of nano-carbon material.This method is to use chemical gaseous phase depositing process, and using acetonitrile as carbon source and nitrogen source, the nano-carbon material with single graphite N doping is prepared on depositing base surface；The temperature of the chemical vapor deposition is 750 1000 DEG C, and depositing base is inert metal oxide or the FeMo/Al of activity2O3Catalyst.The inventive method has universality, and the nano-carbon material with the doping of single graphite nitrogen species can be grown in a variety of inert substrate nano materials, and the CNT with the doping of single graphite nitrogen species can be also grown on active metal catalyst.In addition, this method is simple to operate, batch preparation can be carried out, is easy to amplification and carries out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the synthesis technical field of nano-carbon material, and in particular to one kind synthesis has single graphite N doping
Nano-carbon material method.
Background technology
Nano-carbon material exists in recent years due to having the characteristics that specific surface area is high, surface chemical property is adjustable, environment-friendly
The extensive favor of researcher is received in nonmetal catalyzed field, in many important catalytic reaction such as alkane or ethylbenzene dehydrogenation
The fields such as reaction, the activation of the selective oxidation of aromatic alcohol, c h bond are all shown urges relative to conventional metals catalyst is excellent
Change performance.In nano-sized carbon as in the catalytic reaction of catalyst, the micro-structural and surface chemical property of nano-sized carbon are anti-for being catalyzed
There should be important influence.For example either quinonyl plays key effect to ketone carbonyl to alkane or ethylbenzene dehydrogenation reaction, and in first
In the priming reaction of alkane, defect sturcture plays the role of active sites again.In addition, hetero atom (such as nitrogen, boron, sulphur, phosphorus)
Doping can be with the physicochemical properties and electronic structure of Effective Regulation nano-carbon material, and these are for promoting nano-sized carbon urging in itself
Change effect possesses the effect of being obviously improved.For example nitrogen-atoms is incorporated into CNT, 1) CNT can be reduced in itself
HOMO-LUMO between band gap width, improve fermi level, this causes the electronics of CNT to be in itself easier to be transferred to bottom
So as to be activated to it on thing molecule；2) because the electronegativity of nitrogen-atoms is more than carbon atom, this causes around nitrogen-atoms
The obvious positive charge of carbon atom band, so as to the oxygen molecule of effective activation triplet state.The generally nano-carbon material of synthesis N doping
Method have in-situ synthesis and post treatment method, the former decomposes generation carbon atom under the high temperature conditions using nitrogenous organic carbon source
Deposited with nitrogen-atoms and in substrate, the latter be then to the nano-carbon material after having synthesized nitrogenous atmosphere (such as
Ammonia) under carry out high-temperature process and obtain.In the report announced, nitrogen thing in the nano-carbon material of most of nitrogen atom doping
The species of kind is relatively more, there is pyridine nitrogen, pyrroles's nitrogen, graphite nitrogen and nitrogen oxides etc..These nitrogen species are in catalytic reaction or more
Or it is few catalytic reaction can be had an impact, but to distinguish which kind of nitrogen species plays effect main, it is main at present
The method to be used is that nitrogen species are carried out with XPS swarmings, and the ratio of obtained various nitrogen species is associated with catalytic activity i.e.
Can.Although this method by XPS swarmings is often used, swarming process carries certain subjectivity, therefore this method
Improperly work as.In order to recognize that bottom is which kind of nitrogen species is playing a role, maximally efficient method synthesizes relatively simple
The nano-carbon material of nitrogen species doping, this is extremely important for current research process.
The content of the invention
In order to solve at present synthesis nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon material in the presence of nitrogen species species it is various, it is difficult to unification
Problem, the present invention provide a kind of method for synthesizing the nano-carbon material with single graphite N doping.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method for synthesizing the nano-carbon material with single graphite N doping, this method is to use chemical vapor deposition
Method, using acetonitrile as carbon source and nitrogen source, the nano-carbon material with single graphite N doping is prepared on depositing base surface.
The temperature of the chemical vapor deposition is 750-1000 DEG C.
In the chemical vapor deposition processes, depositing base is inert metal oxide or the FeMo/Al of activity2O3Urge
Agent.
When the depositing base is inert metal oxide (SBA-15, magnesia, aluminum oxide or titanium dioxide), deposition
Obtain the curling graphite linings of single graphite N doping；Nitrogen content in the curling graphite linings of single graphite N doping for 0.5~
10at.%, wherein with nitrogen proportion >=90% existing for graphite nitrogen form.
The depositing base is active FeMo/Al2O3During catalyst, deposition obtains the carbon nanometer of single graphite N doping
Pipe；Nitrogen content in the CNT of single graphite N doping is 0.5~10at.%, wherein with nitrogen existing for graphite nitrogen form
Proportion >=70.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows：
1st, the present invention uses acetonitrile its low boiling point, to be readily obtained gasification product as carbon source and nitrogen source, and relatively low
At a temperature of easily decompose.
2nd, the presoma acetonitrile that the present invention uses, has universality, can be decomposed on a variety of inert metal oxides
Obtain the nano carbon-base composite of graphite N doping.
3rd, the presoma acetonitrile that the present invention uses, has universality, can be in the FeMo/Al of activity2O3Grown on catalyst
Go out the CNT with single graphite N structure.
4th, building-up process of the invention is simple, easily operated, can be mass-produced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the nano-carbon material building-up process schematic diagram that the present invention has single graphite N doping.
Fig. 2 is Al in embodiment 12O3Nano-carbon material (the Al of graphite N doping in substrate2O3@CNx) XPS collection of illustrative plates.
Fig. 3 is TiO in embodiment 22Nano-carbon material (the TiO of graphite N doping in substrate2@CNx) XPS collection of illustrative plates.
Fig. 4 is the XPS figures of the nano-carbon material (SBA-15@CNx) of graphite N doping in SBA-15 substrates in embodiment 4
Spectrum.
Fig. 5 is in FeMo/Al in embodiment 5 and comparative example 1 using different presomas (imidazoles, acetonitrile)2O3Superficial growth
The XPS collection of illustrative plates of the nitrogen species of the carbon nano tube surface of nitrating.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples.
Carbon source and nitrogen source presoma used are acetonitrile liquid in following embodiment, by chemical vapor deposition side
Method, the curling lamellar graphite of graphite N doping, or the FeMo/Al in activity are obtained by substrate of different indifferent oxides2O3
On grow the CNT of graphite N doping.Depositing temperature selection is 800 DEG C in embodiment.As reference, in comparative example with
Imidazoles has synthesized the CNT of the more N doping of nitrogen species as carbon source and nitrogen source.
It is building-up process schematic diagram in following examples as indicated with 1, stove A is connected with stove B by gas pipeline, wherein stove
Place acetonitrile in A in corresponding pipeline in crucible, acetonitrile is evaporated to gaseous product under the conditions of 900 DEG C, and gaseous product is with argon gas
Pipeline is corresponded into stove B, and decomposes in pipeline in stove B and is deposited in substrate；Argon gas is as protective gas and carrier gas.
Embodiment 1
Weigh 100mg alumina powders to be fitted into stove B crucibles, measure 2ml acetonitriles and be put into stove A crucibles, when stove B temperature liters
To after 800 DEG C, stove A temperature is risen to 90 DEG C, cooled after being incubated 10min.The nano-sized carbon of graphite N doping has been obtained in substrate
Material (stratiform curling graphite), nitrogen content is 1.5at.% in the nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping, wherein with graphite nitrogen shape
Nitrogen existing for formula is accounted for as 95% (Fig. 2).The nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping is coated on oxidation aluminium surface and forms composite.
Embodiment 2
Weigh 100mg titania powders to be fitted into stove B crucibles, measure 2ml acetonitriles and be put into stove A crucibles, when stove B temperature
After rising to 800 DEG C, stove A temperature is risen to 90 DEG C, cooled after being incubated 10min.The nanometer of graphite N doping has been obtained in substrate
Carbon material (stratiform curling graphite).Nitrogen content is 4.8at.% in the nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping, wherein with graphite nitrogen
Nitrogen existing for form accounts for 92% (Fig. 3).The nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping is coated on titanium dioxide surface and forms composite wood
Material.
Embodiment 3
Weigh 100mg magnesia to be fitted into stove B crucibles, measure 2ml acetonitriles and be put into stove A crucibles, when stove B temperature rises to
After 800 DEG C, stove A temperature is risen to 90 DEG C, cooled after being incubated 10min.The nano carbon material of graphite N doping has been obtained in substrate
Expect (stratiform curling graphite).Nitrogen content is 2at.% in the nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping, wherein being deposited with graphite nitrogen form
Nitrogen account for as 90%.The nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping is coated on mgo surface and forms composite.
Embodiment 4
Weigh 300mg SBA-15 to be fitted into stove B crucibles, measure 6ml acetonitriles and be put into stove A crucibles, when stove B temperature rises to
After 800 DEG C, stove A temperature is risen to 90 DEG C, cooled after being incubated 20min.The nano carbon material of graphite N doping has been obtained in substrate
Expect (stratiform curling graphite).Nitrogen content is 5at.% in the nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping, wherein being deposited with graphite nitrogen form
Nitrogen account for 94% (Fig. 4).The nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping is coated on SBA-15 surfaces and forms composite.
Embodiment 5
Weigh 100mg FeMo/Al2O3It is fitted into stove B crucibles, measures 6ml acetonitriles and be put into stove A crucibles, when stove B temperature liter
To after 800 DEG C, stove A temperature is risen to 90 DEG C, cooled after being incubated 40min.The nano-sized carbon of graphite N doping has been obtained in substrate
Material (CNT).Nitrogen content is 5at.% in the CNT of gained graphite N doping, wherein existing with graphite nitrogen form
Nitrogen account for 70% (Fig. 5).The nano-carbon material of the graphite N doping is coated on FeMo/Al2O3Surface forms composite.
Comparative example 1
Weigh 100mg FeMo/Al2O3It is fitted into stove B crucibles, measures 2g imidazoles and be put into stove A crucibles, when stove B temperature liter
To after 800 DEG C, stove A temperature is risen to 250 DEG C, cooled after being incubated 20min.The CNT of N doping has been obtained in substrate.
Nitrogen content is 4at.% in the CNT of gained N doping, wherein 40% is accounted for nitrogen existing for graphite nitrogen form, with pyridine nitrogen
Nitrogen accounts for 20% existing for form, and 10% (Fig. 5) is accounted for nitrogen existing for pyrroles's nitrogen form.
Obviously, the acetonitrile presoma used in the present invention is a kind of effective carbon source and nitrogen source, can be divided during CVD
Solution obtains the nano-carbon material of graphite N doping.Relative to imidazoles as carbon source and nitrogen source, acetonitrile obtains as presoma
The CNT of N doping has higher proportion of graphite nitrogen.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. method for synthesizing the nano-carbon material with single graphite N doping, it is characterised in that：This method is using change CVD method is learned, using acetonitrile as carbon source and nitrogen source, receiving with single graphite N doping is prepared on depositing base surface Rice carbon material；The temperature of the chemical vapor deposition is 750-1000 DEG C；In the chemical vapor deposition processes, depositing base is inert metal oxide or the FeMo/Al of activity2O3Catalyst.
- 2. the method for nano-carbon material of the synthesis with single graphite N doping according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： When the depositing base is inert metal oxide, deposition obtains the stratiform curling graphite linings of single graphite N doping, single Nitrogen content in the curling graphite linings of graphite N doping is 0.5~10at.%, wherein with nitrogen institute accounting existing for graphite nitrogen form Example >=90%.
- 3. the method for nano-carbon material of the synthesis with single graphite N doping according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exist In：The inert metal oxide is magnesia, aluminum oxide or titanium dioxide.
- 4. the method for nano-carbon material of the synthesis with single graphite N doping according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The depositing base is active FeMo/Al2O3During catalyst, deposition obtains the CNT of single graphite N doping, single stone Nitrogen content in the CNT of black N doping is 0.5~10at.%, wherein with nitrogen proportion existing for graphite nitrogen form >= 70%.
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