CN106390986B - A kind of preparation method of pucherite/strontium titanates composite photo-catalyst - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of pucherite/strontium titanates composite photo-catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/0277—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst is mainly used for photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen technology.Method of the invention is by BiVO4Stirring, ultrasonic disperse add SrTiO in distilled water3, stirring, ultrasound；Then the water bath with thermostatic control in 40 ~ 60 DEG C is evaporated；It is finally transferred in Muffle furnace, in 450 ~ 500 DEG C of 1 ~ 2h of calcining to get BiVO4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst.The present invention is to produce hydrogen material SrTiO3Based on, by with SrTiO3It is compounded to form heterojunction composite, to improve light induced electron in semiconductor BiVO4Migration rate on interface, while widening SrTiO3Absorption region in solar spectral, to improve strontium titanates SrTiO3Photochemical catalyst decomposes water H2-producing capacity.Experiment shows the photochemical catalyst in decomposing aquatic products hydrogen technique, and hydrogen output can reach 611.6 μm of ol/g.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation method of composite photo-catalyst, is mainly used for photochemical catalyzing
In the technology for producing hydrogen, belong to technical field of composite materials and clean energy resource field.
Background technique
In order to cope at present in the world for the related request of the energy and environment, the photochemical catalyzing skill based on semiconductor
Art is widely recognized as by people.The key of this technology is to find the photochemical catalyst that activity is high, stability is good.In recent years,
Researchers produce dense research interest to perovskite material, find they not only scientific circles and also engineering circles all
Have and be widely applied very much, wherein with strontium titanates (SrTiO3) it is best suitable for research requirement of the people for catalyst: catalytic activity
Higher, cheap, chemical stability is good, physical property (such as superconductivity, dielectric and conductor photocatalysis performance) is excellent
It is different etc..But SrTiO3Forbidden bandwidth there was only 3.2eV, the ultraviolet light for accounting for sunlight 4% or so can only be responded, to solar energy
Utilization rate is lower.Therefore, SrTiO is improved3Catalytic activity, improve catalyst photo-generated carrier separative efficiency, and promote
Carrier mobility is very important to Adsorption.Such photochemical catalyst in order to obtain, synthesizes different-shape
SrTiO3(nanosphere, nano wire, nanotube, nano particle etc.), or construct hetero-junctions all in conjunction with other semiconductors and have
The synthesizing mean of effect.Before about TiO2Equal semiconductor light-catalysts had relevant research data, and exposure activity crystalline substance
Face is all effective synthesizing mean.It is therefore desirable to be able to enough find a kind of suitable semiconductor and SrTiO3Form hetero-junctions
To improve the performance of photochemical catalyst.
BiVO4It is a kind of photochemical catalyst for being able to respond visible light, forbidden bandwidth is relatively narrow, and chemical stability is preferable, is one
The effective alternative semiconductor material of kind, preparation method is also quite skillful, but likewise, for this semiconductor
For, the migration rate of photo-generated carrier is lower, and the catalyst itself can not produce hydrogen.Therefore, we are expectations
To produce hydrogen material SrTiO3Based on, prepare a kind of BiVO4/SrTiO3Composite material, both have BiVO4And SrTiO3Light urge
Change performance, and have the function of photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen, applies in clean energy resource field, solved for replacing fossil fuel
Energy shortage and problem of environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation method of composite photo-catalyst.
One, BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst
The present invention is to produce hydrogen material SrTiO3Based on, by with SrTiO3It is compounded to form heterojunction composite, to improve
Light induced electron is in semiconductor BiVO4Migration rate on interface, while widening SrTiO3Absorption region in solar spectral,
To improve strontium titanates SrTiO3Photochemical catalyst decomposes water H2-producing capacity.Specific preparation process are as follows: by BiVO4Stirring, ultrasonic disperse
In distilled water, SrTiO is added3, stirring, ultrasound are sufficiently mixed the two；Then the water bath with thermostatic control in 40 ~ 60 DEG C is evaporated；
It is finally transferred in Muffle furnace, in 450 ~ 500 DEG C of 1 ~ 2h of calcining to get BiVO4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst.BiVO4/
SrTiO3In composite photo-catalyst, BiVO4Mass percentage be 1 ~ 9%.
Two, BiVO4/SrTiO3The characterization and analysis of composite photo-catalyst
1, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD)
Fig. 1 is SrTiO, BiVO of preparation4With a series of compound BiVO4/SrTiO3XRD spectrum (wherein 1% is compound
BiVO in object4Mass percentage, and so on).From figure 1 it appears that the SrTiO prepared using hydro-thermal method3Sample is
The SrTiO of cubic monocrystalline crystal phase3(standard card JCPDS 35-0734).Wherein 2 θ are at 32.42 °, 39.9 ° 8,46.48 °,
Diffraction maximum at 57.79 °, 67.73 ° respectively corresponds (110), (111), (200), (211) and (220) crystal face.It calculates
SrTiO3Lattice parameter a=b=c=3.905, and it is reported in the literature consistent.The BiVO prepared using sol-gal process4Sample is
The BiVO of the monocline crystal phase of pure phase4(JCPDS 14-0688).Wherein diffraction maximum of 2 θ at 28.95 °, 30.55 ° respectively corresponds
(121) and (040) crystal face.The position of all compound characteristic diffraction peaks and peak shape are relative to pure SrTiO3For do not have substantially
It changes, shows BiVO4Compound have no effect on SrTiO3Lattice structure.But relative to pure BiVO4For,
The performance of peak shape in the composite is not obvious, this may be due to BiVO4Compositely proportional it is smaller, therefore the detection phase of XRD
To difficulty.But with BiVO4The increase of compositely proportional can obviously be detected in compound since 5%
(121) characteristic diffraction peak of crystal face, this illustrates that we successfully synthesize SrTiO3And BiVO4The composite material of two kinds of semiconductors.
2, scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM)
Fig. 3 is the pucherite of preparation, strontium titanates and compound BiVO4/SrTiO3Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph.It (a) is hydro-thermal method
The SrTiO of preparation3, certain agglomeration has occurred between sphere in the sphere being made of many uniform little particles, and diameter exists
200nm or so.It (b) is the BiVO prepared using sol-gal process4, particle is larger, and diameter is at 1 μm or so, but cavernous structure
Clearly.(c) ~ (g) is followed successively by 1wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 7 wt.%, 9wt.% BiVO4/ SrTiO3Composite wood
Material.As can be seen that certain sintering all has occurred in composite material in roasting process, little particle closely is sticked together to be formed
Biggish particle, and with SrTiO3Also there are some layer structures once in a while in the increase of ratio, such as schemes (d) ~ (f), and works as
When compositely proportional reaches 9wt.%, layer structure disappears again, and composite material at this moment is made of unformed nano particle.
3, UV-Vis DRS analysis (DRS)
In order to verify the optical property of prepared catalyst, the UV-vis DRS if Fig. 2 is catalyst absorbs light
Spectrogram, to it is contemplated that similar, BiVO4Can be with responding to visible light, ABSORPTION EDGE is in 520nm or so；And pure SrTiO3, can only
Response accounts for the ultraviolet light of sunlight 4% or so, and ABSORPTION EDGE is in 380nm or so；After the two is combined, with BiVO4It is compound
Ratio is gradually increased, and red shift occurs for the ABSORPTION EDGE of compound, and ABSORPTION EDGE is distributed in 380-420nm or so, it means that compound
The absorbability of light is gradually increased, we guess that such variation can be improved the photocatalytic activity of catalyst.According to formula:
ahν=A(hν-Eg)n/2, the forbidden bandwidth of each sample is calculated, as shown in figure 4, BiVO4Forbidden bandwidth is 2.4eV, this and
Data reported in the literature are consistent, pure SrTiO3Forbidden bandwidth be 3.18eV, this and data reported in the literature are also very nearly the same,
The forbidden bandwidth of other compounds also demonstrates our guess, and forbidden bandwidth is distributed in 2.95 ~ 3.1eV.It is known that
Forbidden bandwidth is narrower, and energy required for photon excitation is just relatively smaller, and for light induced electron, transition is easier,
This has vital effect for the photocatalytic activity of catalyst.
4, photoelectricity current test (PT)
Although BiVO4It itself is able to respond visible light, forbidden bandwidth is smaller, but hinders since photo-quantum efficiency is lower
The photocatalytic activity of itself.It is known that excitation of the electronics by photon energy, the light induced electron of generation and hole a part
It can occur during being transferred to catalyst surface compound and lose activity, referred to as inactivate.Therefore, in order to improve catalyst
Photocatalytic activity, on the one hand, we will reduce the recombination probability in light induced electron and hole, on the other hand, also to accelerate electronics and
The migration rate in hole.The transient photocurrents decaying occurred immediately under the irradiation of light can charge recombination row to photo cathode
To explain.Fig. 5 is compound BiVO4/SrTiO3Instantaneous photoelectric current under conditions of bias is 0.6V.Every 10s in purple
(λ < 420nm) tests the current density of catalyst, 5wt.% BiVO under the irradiation of outer light4/SrTiO3Photoelectric current it is maximum, opening
The moment of lamp, a part of light induced electron and hole are compound in moment generation, and photoelectric current reduces rapidly at top, therefore, electricity
The decaying of stream is considered light induced electron and hole to compound mark, the accumulation of catalytic inner electronics or catalyst
The accumulation of surface voids all may cause this charge recombination.When closing lamp, the hole of catalyst surface accumulation can be made
The electronics accumulated for the photocathode of moment with catalyst conduction band reacts.But this phenomenon in Fig. 5 almost without inspection
It measures and, therefore, the decaying of photoelectric current is mainly poor caused due to the migration velocity of electronics on photo cathode, die-away time
Formula D=(I can be passed throught-Is)/(Im-Is) calculate, ImIndicate instantaneous maximum photoelectric current when turning on light, IsIndicate electricity when turning off the light
Stream, ItIndicate the stabilization photoelectric current when time is t.Die-away time is calculated by formula lnD=- 1, and die-away time is longer, illustrates light
Raw electrons and holes rate is lower.According to the analysis of similar situation in document, transient photocurrents are higher, and stable photoelectric current is higher,
The recombination rate of the light induced electron and hole that illustrate the catalyst is lower.From fig. 5, it can be seen that 5 wt.%BiVO4/SrTiO3's
Transient photocurrents are maximum, and therefore, we guess, the photocatalytic activity of the compound is best.
5, specific surface area test (BET)
Fig. 6 is sample (a) SrTiO3, (b)BiVO4, (c)5 wt.% BiVO4/SrTiO3 N2Adsorption desorption curve and
BJH graph of pore diameter distribution.All samples in 120 DEG C of degassing 1h, remove impurity in advance.It is produced herein according to IUPAC classification standard
The adsorption desorption curve of catalyst belongs to the 4th class, the adsorption curve of mesoporous or macropore.Comparison diagram (a) and (c), pure SrTiO3
Specific surface area be 17.1cm2/ g, and the specific surface area of compound is 13.2 cm2/ g, this illustrates SrTiO3And BiVO4It is compound
Compare success, due to pure BiVO4Specific surface area is smaller, is 4.7 cm2/ g, as shown in Fig. 2, BiVO4Inherently there is hole knot
Structure, but it is available such as a result, BiVO from Fig. 6 (b)4Particle size is larger, and distribution is wider, therefore, we
It may be speculated that just because of BiVO4Success and SrTiO3It has been compounded in together, the specific surface area of compound is just caused to reduce.
6, photocatalysis performance is tested
Fig. 7 is SrTiO3And each compound BiVO4/ SrTiO3Hydrogen-producing speed figure.It is known that reach light
The purpose of aquatic products hydrogen is solved, semiconductor first will have suitable band structure, the position ratio H of conduction band2Reduction potential it is more negative,
Using the xenon lamp of 500W as light source, while 5 wt.%Pt are loaded as co-catalyst, test each catalyst respectively in ultraviolet light
Under H2-producing capacity, due to BiVO4Conduction band positions under the reduction potential of hydrogen, therefore itself is not produce hydrogen, such as
Shown in Fig. 7, pure SrTiO3Hydrogen-producing speed be 21.2 μm of ol/g, other compounds 1wt.% ~ 9wt.% BiVO4/ SrTiO3's
Hydrogen-producing speed is respectively 261.2,329.5,611.6,518.3,466.5 μm of ol/g, wherein 5wt.% BiVO4/SrTiO3Production hydrogen
Rate highest, this may be due to a small amount of BiVO4With SrTiO3The latter has been widened in the absorption region of ultraviolet region, to the sun
The utilization rate of energy improves, and the two accelerates the migration rate of light induced electron while forming hetero-junctions, makes light induced electron and sky
The recombination probability in cave substantially reduces, but excessive BiVO4But also light is urged possible as the complex centre of Pair production
Change activity and play the role of inhibition, therefore, selecting suitable compositely proportional is also to Guan Chong for the catalytic activity of photochemical catalyst
It wants.
, reaction mechanism analysis
As shown in Figure 4, BiVO4And SrTiO3Forbidden bandwidth be respectively 2.4eV and 3.18eV, this and it is reported in the literature
Data are consistent, and also there is no variations for their corresponding conduction band positions and valence band location, therefore, according to being respectively catalyzed in document
The mechanism that the band gap locations of agent deduce compound Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production is as shown in Figure 8.SrTiO3And BiVO4Semiconductor is belonged to, and
With suitable band structure, hetero-junctions can be theoretically formed, therefore on the interface of two catalyst, photoproduction can be accelerated
The migration rate of electronics, under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, electronics are transitted to conduction band by excitation, while hydrogen photoproduction sky is produced in valence band
Cave, due to SrTiO3Conduction band positions ratio BiVO4Position it is more negative, SrTiO3Electronics on conduction band more holds during migration
Easily it is transferred to BiVO4Conduction band on, while BiVO4Hole in valence band can move to the SrTiO closer from it3Valence band on,
The migratory direction in light induced electron and hole extends making for carrier on the contrary, be greatly lowered their recombination probability in this way
With the service life, to improve the photocatalytic activity of catalyst.
In conclusion the present invention is successfully prepared BiVO using infusion process4/SrTiO3Composite photocatalyst material.By right
The sample of preparation has carried out a series of characterizations such as XRD, DRS, SEM, BET, illustrates the BiVO of preparation4/SrTiO3Composite material is on boundary
Face forms hetero-junctions, improves migration rate of the light induced electron on interface, while widening SrTiO3In solar energy
Absorption region in spectrum, so that improving strontium titanate visible light catalyst decomposes water H2-producing capacity.It is multiple by being investigated under ultraviolet light
The H2-producing capacity for closing object finds the ability that this composite material has preferable photodissociation aquatic products hydrogen, and hydrogen output reaches at 5%
611.6μmol/g。
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the pucherite of preparation, strontium titanates and compound BiVO4/SrTiO3XRD spectrum.
Fig. 2 is the UV-vis DRS abosrption spectrogram of the vanadium catalyst of preparation.
Fig. 3 is the pucherite of preparation, strontium titanates and compound BiVO4/SrTiO3Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph.
Fig. 4 is the pucherite of preparation, strontium titanates and compound BiVO4/SrTiO3Forbidden bandwidth chart.
Fig. 5 is compound BiVO4/SrTiO3Instantaneous photoelectric current under conditions of bias is 0.6V.
Fig. 6 is SrTiO3(a), BiVO4(b), 5 wt.% BiVO4/ SrTiO3 (c)N2Adsorption desorption curve and BJH
Graph of pore diameter distribution.
Fig. 7 is SrTiO3And each compound BiVO4/ SrTiO3Hydrogen-producing speed figure.
Fig. 8 is BiVO4/ SrTiO3The mechanism figure of the Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production of compound.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment to BiVO of the present invention4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst and performance are made further
Explanation.
Embodiment 1
1) BiVO4Preparation
By 2.425g Bi (NO3)3·5H2Band diluted 25mL 10% (w/w) HNO is added in O3In solution, magnetic force
15 ~ 20min is stirred, 2.104g monohydrate potassium is added, continues the white solution for stirring to get stable homogeneous, is denoted as solution A；
By 0.5845g NH4VO3It is dissolved in 90 DEG C of 20mL of distilled water, is placed in 80 DEG C of thermostat water baths and stirs
15min adds 2.104g monohydrate potassium, continues stirring until obtaining the dark blue solution of stable homogeneous, is denoted as solution
B；B liquid is slowly added dropwise into A liquid, solution colour is gradually deepened, and bottle green is finally rendered as, and is denoted as solution C；It is adjusted with ammonium hydroxide molten
PH=6.5 of liquid C are subsequently placed in 80 DEG C of thermostat water baths and persistently stir, and take out and are transferred to after navy blue gel to be formed
70 DEG C of dry 12h in drying box；Finally by after the dark yellow solid being dried to obtain grinding, it is placed in 500 DEG C of calcinings in Muffle furnace
5h to get arrive sample BiVO4。
2) SrTiO3Preparation
Positive four butyl ester of 10mmol (3.4036g) metatitanic acid is taken to be dissolved in 20mL 25% (V/V) EA (ethanol amine), stirring 15 ~
20min obtains flaxen turbid solution；50mL 3mol/L NaOH solution is added into solution, continues to stir 25min, add
Contain 10mmol Sr (NO3)2Aqueous solution 10mL, stir 30min under room temperature；Then it is transferred in 100mL autoclave, 180
DEG C reaction for 24 hours；It is washed 3 ~ 4 times with distilled water and dehydrated alcohol respectively, is placed in 70 DEG C of dry 12h in drying box, ground up to sample
Product SrTiO3。
3) BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst
Accurately weigh 0.005g BiVO4It is added in 30mL distilled water, 15min, ultrasonic 15min is stirred under room temperature；Again
0.495g SrTiO is added3, 15min, ultrasonic 15min are stirred, is evaporated in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control and (takes around 3h), then shift
Into Muffle furnace in 500 DEG C of calcining 2h, standby BiVO is made4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst.BiVO in sample4Quality percentage contain
Amount is 1%.The catalyst is in photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen technique, hydrogen output to reach 261.2 μm of ol/g.
Embodiment 2
(1) BiVO4Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(2) SrTiO3Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(3) BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst
Accurately weigh 0.015g BiVO4It is added in 30mL distilled water, 15min, ultrasonic 15min is stirred under room temperature；Again
0.485g SrTiO is added3, 15min, ultrasonic 15min are stirred, is evaporated in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control and (takes around 3h), then shift
Into Muffle furnace in 500 DEG C of calcining 2h, standby BiVO is made4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst.BiVO in sample4Quality percentage contain
Amount is 3%.The catalyst is in photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen technique, hydrogen output to reach 329.5 μm of ol/g.
Embodiment 3
(1) BiVO4Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(2) SrTiO3Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(3) BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst
Accurately weigh 0.025g BiVO4It is added in 30mL distilled water, 15min, ultrasonic 15min is stirred under room temperature；Again
0.475g SrTiO is added3, 15min, ultrasonic 15min are stirred, is evaporated in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control and (takes around 3h), then shift
Into Muffle furnace in 500 DEG C of calcining 2h, standby BiVO is made4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst.BiVO in sample4Quality percentage contain
Amount is 5%.The catalyst is in photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen technique, hydrogen output to reach 611.6 μm of ol/g.
Embodiment 4
(1) BiVO4Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(2) SrTiO3Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(3) BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst
Accurately weigh 0.035g BiVO4It is added in 30mL distilled water, 15min, ultrasonic 15min is stirred under room temperature；Again
0.035g SrTiO is added3, 15min, ultrasonic 15min are stirred, is evaporated in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control and (takes around 3h), then shift
Into Muffle furnace in 500 DEG C of calcining 2h, standby BiVO is made4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst.BiVO in sample4Quality percentage contain
Amount is 7%.The catalyst is in photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen technique, hydrogen output to reach 518.3 μm of ol/g.
Embodiment 5
(1) BiVO4Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(2) SrTiO3Preparation: with embodiment 1；
(3) BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation of composite photo-catalyst
Accurately weigh 0.045g BiVO4It is added in 30mL distilled water, 15min, ultrasonic 15min is stirred under room temperature；Again
0.455g SrTiO is added3, 15min, ultrasonic 15min are stirred, is evaporated in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control and (takes around 3h), then shift
Into Muffle furnace in 500 DEG C of calcining 2h, standby BiVO is made4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst.BiVO in sample4Quality percentage contain
Amount is 9%.The catalyst is in photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen technique, hydrogen output to reach 466.5 μm of ol/g.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of BiVO4/SrTiO3The preparation method of composite photo-catalyst is by BiVO4Stirring, ultrasonic disperse in distilled water,
Add SrTiO3, stirring, ultrasound are sufficiently mixed the two；Then the water bath with thermostatic control in 40 ~ 60 DEG C is evaporated；It is finally transferred to
In Muffle furnace, in 450 ~ 500 DEG C of 1 ~ 2h of calcining to get BiVO4/SrTiO3Composite photo-catalyst；BiVO4/SrTiO3Complex light is urged
In agent, BiVO4Mass percentage be 1 ~ 9%.
2. BiVO as described in claim 14/SrTiO3The preparation method of composite photo-catalyst, it is characterised in that: the stirring surpasses
The time of sound is 10 ~ 20 min respectively.
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| CN107442098B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2021-05-04 | 山东师范大学 | Strontium titanate catalyst for preparing hydrogen by photolyzing water by adopting visible light and preparation method |
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| CN109706468B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-10-18 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of pucherite light anode and its preparation method and application of rhodium strontium titanate doping ultrathin nanometer layer covering |
| CN113713823B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-06-20 | 蚌埠学院 | CoTiO 3 /BiVO 4 Preparation method and application of composite photocatalyst |
| CN114672844B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2024-04-09 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method and application of composite material |
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