CN106385852A - Method for leaching saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for leaching saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106385852A CN106385852A CN201610792224.XA CN201610792224A CN106385852A CN 106385852 A CN106385852 A CN 106385852A CN 201610792224 A CN201610792224 A CN 201610792224A CN 106385852 A CN106385852 A CN 106385852A
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- alkali
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A method for leaching saline-alkali soil comprises following steps: 1) land leveling, deep ditches which are 26 to 60 cm deep are dug with intervals of 0.4 to 8 meters; the deep ditches are one-way parallel ditches, or parallel ditches which are crossed in length and breadth with different density vertically and horizontally, a layer of sand which is 3 to 37 cm thick is laid at the bottom of the deep ditches to form underground alkali discharge sand ditches; 2) underground salt discharge pipes laying; 3) underground irrigation pipes laying; 4) deep scarification and knot breaking; 5) fresh water flooding irrigation; 6) salt water enhanced drainage: while fresh water flooding irrigation is being carried out, one ends of the underground salt discharge pipes are sealed with sealing plugs and the other ends are connected with water pumps to perform enhanced drainage on salt water leached to the underground salt discharge pipes; the leached salt water is drained to salt discharge ditches; 7) continuous irrigation and drainage: the fresh water flooding irrigation and the salt water enhanced drainage are repeated carrying out to quickly leach the salinity in the soil; when the salinity in the soil decreases to an expected target, irrigation and drainage are stopped.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to row's alkali system is and in particular to a kind of salinized soil ELUTION METHOD.
Background technology
Salt-soda soil is huge potential resource, and developing salt-soda soil is to bring more land under cultivation, further developing agricultural life
One of important measures produced.China there are about 1,500,000,000 mu of various salinized soil, accounts for the 26.3% of world's salinized soil area, strand and inland
Saline-alkali Land area is larger, and most of salt-soda soil is all constantly in state to be developed.Particularly heavy saline-alkali area at seashore ground
Lower water level height, soil salt height, soil compaction, soil fertility are low, poor air permeability is it is difficult to produce various industrial crops.How to make
Salt-soda soil quick desalination, is the technical bottleneck of alkaline land improving.In the experience in transformation salt-soda soil, vertical drainage, horizontal drainage
There are successful technology and method.In the sixties in last century to the nineties, the method for commonly used " shallow group wells, forced-ventilated fills by force " is entered
Row desalting salinized soil, the method can realize salt-soda soil quick desalination, but need to beat a large amount of vertical shafts using vertical drainage, and arranges pump
Stand, build drainage pipeline networks, not only up-front investment is high, and want constantly draining from vertical shaft, operational and administrative expenses is very big.Zhang Wanjun
Etc. disclosing a kind of underground pipe salt drainage method in shallow groundwater littoral saline soil area, the method for embedding of hidden pipe is defined；Peng Chengshan
Disclose the systematic approach that a kind of utilization closed drainage improves salt-soda soil, the construction method of closed drainage is limited
Fixed；Chen Rongmao etc. discloses a kind of salt-soda soil salt discharge alkali reduction concealed conduit device for, and hidden pipe specification and laying specification are defined；
But above-mentioned several hidden pipe Salt discharge method is not the system approach of salt-soda soil quick desalination it is impossible to realize salt-soda soil quick desalination.
The alkali method that changes in the salt-soda soil commonly used at present mainly has：1st, row's alkali ditch wild-flooding method, 2, embedded Pipe for draining alkali flood
Flooding irrigation method, 3, take surface saline and alkaline layer method away, 4 in addition, somebody has applied for beating the national patent of alkaline discharging well wild-flooding method.Warp
The present inventor is long-term it has been observed that method 1 and 3 has the defect changing alkali effect difference, and method 2 has investment greatly, and fertility runs off tight
The defect of weight, method 4 has investment greatly, the defect of DeGrain.Above-mentioned three kinds of methods all project presence and change alkali cycle length
Problem.
Content of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of hidden pipe to fill row salt-soda soil quick desalination system
Method.Heavy saline-alkali area at seashore using trench digging box dam, salt discharge hidden pipe laying, irrigate hidden pipe laying, subsoiling break knot, fresh water basin irrigation,
A series of technological means such as salt water forced-ventilated, continuous filling row, anniversary salt discharge, realize salt-soda soil quick desalination.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps：
1) level land, interval 0.4-8 rice excavates deep 26-60 centimetre of zanjon, described zanjon is unidirectional parallel ditch or vertical
Traversed by fork, the vertically and horizontally different parallel ditch of density, fill the sand of 3-37 centimetre of thick layer in the zanjon bottom held successfully, form ground
Lower row's alkali sand furrow；Dig the row's alkali ditch connecting with underground every alkali layer, diversion irrigation arranges alkali, described be located at below sand every alkali layer, row
The sand launder every alkali layer and for accommodating described Pipe for draining alkali road for the alkali pipeline distribution,
2) soil and modifying agent mixing, the component of modifying agent is humic acidss 40% by weight, zeolite 30%, acid conditioning
Agent 20%, flyash 5%, furfural dregs 5%；The component of fertilizer is fermentation poultry dung 45% by weight, crushed straw 50%, wood
Jealous woman liquid 5%；Modifying agent is 1: 1 with the weight ratio of fertilizer；Described acid conditioner is sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or/and phosphorus
Acid；
3) salt discharge hidden pipe laying：Perpendicular to salt discharge ditch direction, parallel laid has the salt discharge hidden pipe of infiltration micropore, laying
Depth 1-1.5m, Lay interval 10-50m, and ensure that laying depth is higher than salt discharge ditch bottom, the two ends of salt discharge hidden pipe enter row
Salt ditch；
4) irrigate hidden pipe laying：After having laid salt discharge hidden pipe, hidden pipe is irrigated in laying, lays depth 0.8-1.3m, protects
Barrier laying depth is higher than salt discharge hidden pipe, and is provided with the outlet irrigating hidden pipe on raised fields surface；
4) subsoiling breaks knot：Subsoiling is carried out on raised fields surface to soil using subsoiling machinery, abolishes soil compaction；Subsoiling depth
For 0.5-0.8m, ensure that subsoiling depth is higher than to irrigate hidden pipe laying depth
5) fresh water is basined irrigation：Using the irrigation hidden pipe having laid, raised fields is irrigated, transplant and plough deeply for first 5～10 days
Plough, then pour into fresh water, make fresh water be higher than field face 2～4cm, then rotary tillage, soaked field was discharged after 1～2 day；Continue to pour into fresh water,
Fresh water is made to be higher than field face 2～4cm, then rotary tillage is carefully harrowed, and soaked field to top layer clarification of water heel row goes out；Pour into fresh water again, keep field
Face 1～2cm water layer；
6) salt water forced-ventilated：While carrying out fresh water and basin irrigation, block salt discharge hidden pipe one end, the other end and water pump with sealing-plug
Connect, forced-ventilated is carried out to the salt water in salt discharge hidden pipe for the drip washing；Drip washing salt water enters salt discharge ditch；
7) the continuous row of filling：Fresh water is basined irrigation and is repeatedly carried out with salt water forced-ventilated simultaneously, makes the quick drip washing of the salinity in soil, works as soil
Earth salinity is reduced to during target and stops the row of filling.
29-60 centimetre of described zanjon, the thickness that zanjon bottom fills sand is 3-27 centimetre, deep plough and make ditch dug with a plow as deep as
16-33 centimetre, during deep ploughing in ditch dug with a plow the broken straw rod of dispenser 3-10 cm thick or sand.
The cross section that zanjon fills sand layer is up-narrow and down-wide, described row's alkali longitudinal tubule (L tubule) and/or row's alkali transverse tube is dug to have and oozes
Alkali hole, described Pipe for draining alkali road is arranged with nonwoven layer, and the inclination angle of described row's alkali longitudinal tubule (L tubule) and/or row's alkali transverse tube is 0.05-0.15%.
Heavy saline first strips a field the salinization topsoil on 1-7 centimetre of surface, then levels land.
First time diversion irrigation row alkali after, then plough, the row's of watering alkali.With the method for the invention, can make in a short time
Soil quick desalination.As compared to vertical Salt discharge methods such as " shallow group wells, forced-ventilated fills by force ", desalting effect is suitable, but up-front investment subtracts
Less, salt water need not be extracted after a desalination for a long time, operational management cost reduces.With other hidden pipe Salt discharge method phases disclosed
, in 3-5, the method for the invention can be with quick desalination for the desalination period of other hidden pipe Salt discharge methods, and desalination period exists for ratio
1-3 month, desalting effect was significantly better than additive method.
The improvement agent combination of the present invention is to improve soil CEC as the function of tonic chord, to have selected humic acidss and zeolite as main
Component.Because humic-acid-type substances can effectively reduce soil pH value, improved soil structure, culture fertility, realize land used and increase soil fertility mutually tying
Close, improve the ecological condition of soda alkaline land paddy growth.Soda alkaline land paddy field application of organic fertilizers has the meaning of particular importance
Justice, because fermentation fertilizer plays a part similar humic acidss in improvement salt-soda soil.And with low cost, simple and easy to do, behaviour
The property made is strong.Fertilizer is rich in N, P, K various nutrient elements, and fertilizer efficiency time is long.Substantially reduce in the soil liquid Na+ ion concentration and
The content of commutativity Na+ in soil colloid, soil agreegate increases, and permeability greatly enhances.In order to recover soil further
Physics and chemistry, auxiliary selects flyash, acid conditioner and furfural dregs.Select the chicken manure fermenting in view of the ecological agriculture,
Crushed straw and pyroligneous liquor.In addition, the plough sole that the cooperation of these components may also function as under the topsoil of rice field forms anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil knot
Structure, neither blocks, and the plough sole structure of the not suitable Rice Production of the accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
1) level land, interval 0.4-8 rice excavates deep 26-60 centimetre of zanjon, described zanjon is unidirectional parallel ditch or vertical
Traversed by fork, the vertically and horizontally different parallel ditch of density, fill the sand of 3-37 centimetre of thick layer in the zanjon bottom held successfully, form ground
Lower row's alkali sand furrow；Dig the row's alkali ditch connecting with underground every alkali layer, diversion irrigation arranges alkali, described be located at below sand every alkali layer, row
The sand launder every alkali layer and for accommodating described Pipe for draining alkali road for the alkali pipeline distribution,
2) soil and modifying agent mixing, the component of modifying agent is humic acidss 40% by weight, zeolite 30%, acid conditioning
Agent 20%, flyash 5%, furfural dregs 5%；The component of fertilizer is fermentation poultry dung 45% by weight, crushed straw 50%, wood
Jealous woman liquid 5%；Modifying agent is 1: 1 with the weight ratio of fertilizer；Described acid conditioner is sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or/and phosphorus
Acid；
3) salt discharge hidden pipe laying：Perpendicular to salt discharge ditch direction, parallel laid has the salt discharge hidden pipe of infiltration micropore, laying
Depth 1-1.5m, Lay interval 10-50m, and ensure that laying depth is higher than salt discharge ditch bottom, the two ends of salt discharge hidden pipe enter row
Salt ditch；
4) irrigate hidden pipe laying：After having laid salt discharge hidden pipe, hidden pipe is irrigated in laying, lays depth 0.8-1.3m, protects
Barrier laying depth is higher than salt discharge hidden pipe, and is provided with the outlet irrigating hidden pipe on raised fields surface；
4) subsoiling breaks knot：Subsoiling is carried out on raised fields surface to soil using subsoiling machinery, abolishes soil compaction；Subsoiling depth
For 0.5-0.8m, ensure that subsoiling depth is higher than to irrigate hidden pipe laying depth
5) fresh water is basined irrigation：Using the irrigation hidden pipe having laid, raised fields is irrigated, transplant and plough deeply for first 5～10 days
Plough, then pour into fresh water, make fresh water be higher than field face 2～4cm, then rotary tillage, soaked field was discharged after 1～2 day；Continue to pour into fresh water,
Fresh water is made to be higher than field face 2～4cm, then rotary tillage is carefully harrowed, and soaked field to top layer clarification of water heel row goes out；Pour into fresh water again, keep field
Face 1～2cm water layer；
6) salt water forced-ventilated：While carrying out fresh water and basin irrigation, block salt discharge hidden pipe one end, the other end and water pump with sealing-plug
Connect, forced-ventilated is carried out to the salt water in salt discharge hidden pipe for the drip washing；Drip washing salt water enters salt discharge ditch；
7) the continuous row of filling：Fresh water is basined irrigation and is repeatedly carried out with salt water forced-ventilated simultaneously, makes the quick drip washing of the salinity in soil, works as soil
Earth salinity is reduced to during target and stops the row of filling.
29-60 centimetre of described zanjon, the thickness that zanjon bottom fills sand is 3-27 centimetre, deep plough and make ditch dug with a plow as deep as
16-33 centimetre, during deep ploughing in ditch dug with a plow the broken straw rod of dispenser 3-10 cm thick or sand.
The cross section that zanjon fills sand layer is up-narrow and down-wide, described row's alkali longitudinal tubule (L tubule) and/or row's alkali transverse tube is dug to have and oozes
Alkali hole, described Pipe for draining alkali road is arranged with nonwoven layer, and the inclination angle of described row's alkali longitudinal tubule (L tubule) and/or row's alkali transverse tube is 0.05-0.15%.
Heavy saline first strips a field the salinization topsoil on 1-7 centimetre of surface, then levels land.
Beneficial effects of the present invention, can be embodied further by following test data.It is 1.82% in initial salt content
Heavy saline, carry out desalting effect test, setting 3 process：Untreated salt-soda soil, disclosed do not basined irrigation and by force
The simple hidden pipe Salt discharge method of row, the method for the invention, 0-40cm topsoil soils saliferous after being processed using different technologies scheme
Amount (%) can realize Soil Desalting in a short period of time, completes soil improvement then, the soil not accumulation of salt in the surface soil after desalination；And do not enter
Row basin irrigation with forced-ventilated in the case of, the salt discharge effect of simple hidden pipe Salt discharge method is slow, its desalination of disclosed as shown by data
Time is 3-5.
In such scheme, specification, size, quantity all can change.The description of the embodiment above is only used as the present invention one
A kind of embodiment that kind of hidden pipe fills row salt-soda soil quick desalination system approach technical scheme proposes, not as to method, structure and
The single restrictive condition of function.Ultimate principle and principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, described in above-described embodiment and description
Merely illustrate the principles of the invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various change
And improvement, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and these changes and improvements both fall within claimed this
In bright scope.Claimed scope is by appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of salinized soil ELUTION METHOD, including：
1) level land, interval 0.4-8 rice excavates deep 26-60 centimetre of zanjon, described zanjon is unidirectional parallel ditch or hands in length and breadth
Fork, the vertically and horizontally different parallel ditch of density, fill the sand of 3-37 centimetre of thick layer in the zanjon bottom held successfully, form underground row
Alkali sand furrow；Dig the row's alkali ditch connecting with underground every alkali layer, diversion irrigation arranges alkali, described be located at below sand every alkali layer, Pipe for draining alkali
The sand launder every alkali layer and for accommodating described Pipe for draining alkali road for the road distribution,
2) soil and modifying agent mixing, the component of modifying agent is humic acidss 40% by weight, zeolite 30%, acid conditioner
20%, flyash 5%, furfural dregs 5%；The component of fertilizer is fermentation poultry dung 45% by weight, crushed straw 50%, pyroligneous
Liquid 5%；Modifying agent is 1: 1 with the weight ratio of fertilizer；Described acid conditioner is sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or/and phosphoric acid；
3) salt discharge hidden pipe laying：Perpendicular to salt discharge ditch direction, parallel laid has the salt discharge hidden pipe of infiltration micropore, lays depth
1-1.5m, Lay interval 10-50m, and ensure that laying depth is higher than salt discharge ditch bottom, the two ends of salt discharge hidden pipe enter salt discharge
Ditch；
4) irrigate hidden pipe laying：After having laid salt discharge hidden pipe, hidden pipe is irrigated in laying, lays depth 0.8-1.3m, ensures paving
If depth is higher than salt discharge hidden pipe, and it is provided with the outlet irrigating hidden pipe on raised fields surface；
4) subsoiling breaks knot：Subsoiling is carried out on raised fields surface to soil using subsoiling machinery, abolishes soil compaction；Subsoiling depth is
0.5-0.8m, ensures that subsoiling depth is higher than to irrigate hidden pipe laying depth
5) fresh water is basined irrigation：Using the irrigation hidden pipe having laid, raised fields is irrigated, transplanting is ploughed deeply cultivated, so for first 5～10 days
After pour into fresh water, make fresh water be higher than field face 2～4cm, then rotary tillage, soaked field was discharged after 1～2 day；Continue to pour into fresh water, make fresh water
Higher than field face 2～4cm, then rotary tillage is carefully harrowed, and soaked field to top layer clarification of water heel row goes out；Pour into fresh water again, keep field face 1～
2cm water layer；
6) salt water forced-ventilated：While carrying out fresh water and basin irrigation, block salt discharge hidden pipe one end with sealing-plug, the other end is with water pump even
Connect, forced-ventilated is carried out to the salt water in salt discharge hidden pipe for the drip washing；Drip washing salt water enters salt discharge ditch；
7) the continuous row of filling：Fresh water is basined irrigation and is repeatedly carried out with salt water forced-ventilated simultaneously, makes the quick drip washing of the salinity in soil, works as soil salt
Divide to be reduced to during target and stop the row of filling.
2. according to claim 1 salinized soil ELUTION METHOD it is characterised in that 29-60 centimetre of described zanjon, zanjon bottom
Portion fill sand thickness be 3-27 centimetre, deep plough and make ditch dug with a plow as deep as 16-33 centimetre, during deep ploughing in ditch dug with a plow 3-10 li of dispenser
The thick broken straw rod of rice or sand.
3. salinized soil ELUTION METHOD according to claim 1 or claim 2 is it is characterised in that zanjon fills the cross section of sand layer
For up-narrow and down-wide, described row's alkali longitudinal tubule (L tubule) and/or row's alkali transverse tube dug to have and oozes alkali hole, described Pipe for draining alkali road is arranged with non-woven fabrics
Layer, the inclination angle of described row's alkali longitudinal tubule (L tubule) and/or row's alkali transverse tube is 0.05-0.15%.
4. salinized soil ELUTION METHOD according to claim 1 or claim 2 it is characterised in that heavy saline first strips a field surface
1-7 centimetre of salinization topsoil, then level land.
5. alkali-removing modifying method far alkaline land according to claim 1 or claim 2 it is characterised in that first time diversion irrigation row alkali after,
Plough again, the row's of watering alkali.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610792224.XA CN106385852A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Method for leaching saline-alkali soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610792224.XA CN106385852A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Method for leaching saline-alkali soil |
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| CN106385852A true CN106385852A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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ID=58001056
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182341A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-22 | 浙江德润市政园林有限公司 | A kind of beach saline land modification method |
| CN107318293A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-07 | 浙江德润市政园林有限公司 | Beach saline land comprehensive processing method |
| CN107455035A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-12 | 内蒙古和盛生态育林有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil, the ecology garden landscape remodeling method of swale |
| CN108633368A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-12 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of coastal saline-alkali soil modifying agent and its application method |
| CN109892188A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-06-18 | 江苏润顺生态农业科技有限公司 | The method that heavy saline fresh water fills row's control salt rice cultivation |
| CN110896698A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for improving beach bathing daub land into rice field |
| CN111742636A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-10-09 | 杭州聚和土地规划设计有限公司 | Salt washing treatment system and method for salt pan |
| CN112462032A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉大学 | Method suitable for evaluating drainage and salt discharge effects of concealed pipes in saline land area |
| CN113728746A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-03 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Saline-alkali soil treatment method combining concealed pipe salt elimination and icing irrigation |
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201610792224.XA patent/CN106385852A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182341A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-22 | 浙江德润市政园林有限公司 | A kind of beach saline land modification method |
| CN107318293A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-07 | 浙江德润市政园林有限公司 | Beach saline land comprehensive processing method |
| CN107455035A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-12 | 内蒙古和盛生态育林有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil, the ecology garden landscape remodeling method of swale |
| CN108633368A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-12 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of coastal saline-alkali soil modifying agent and its application method |
| CN109892188A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-06-18 | 江苏润顺生态农业科技有限公司 | The method that heavy saline fresh water fills row's control salt rice cultivation |
| CN110896698A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for improving beach bathing daub land into rice field |
| CN111742636A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-10-09 | 杭州聚和土地规划设计有限公司 | Salt washing treatment system and method for salt pan |
| CN112462032A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉大学 | Method suitable for evaluating drainage and salt discharge effects of concealed pipes in saline land area |
| CN112462032B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉大学 | Method suitable for evaluating drainage and salt discharge effects of concealed pipes in saline land area |
| CN113728746A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-03 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Saline-alkali soil treatment method combining concealed pipe salt elimination and icing irrigation |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |
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