CN106373030B - A kind of method of basin step power station Optimized Operation - Google Patents
A kind of method of basin step power station Optimized Operation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of basin step power station Optimized Operation, optimizes scheduling for watershed Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs.Optimal Operation Model processing is point of penetration, space is traversed using restriction of water level space contraction method compression water level, subregion is carried out to Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs based on large system decomposing coordination thought, and it coordinates and optimizes, to under the premise of not changing algorithm optimization mechanism, Searching efficiency is improved in conjunction with optimization problem itself, practicability is preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power systems, in particular to a kind of method of basin step power station Optimized Operation.
Background technique
As the extensive basin step power station in Southwestern China area is completed operation successively, operating status is to electric system
Safety and stability and operation benefits influence it is increasingly significant, therefore study basin step power station Optimized Operation strategy, ensure water power
It stands and network system stable and high effective operation becomes research hotspot.
The coupled relation of waterpower and electric power makes Optimal Operation Model that high dimension, mostly about be presented between the step power station of basin
Beam, non-linear, multi-period feature, and increasing with number, and increase the change of day part state to seek higher precision solution
Dispersion number is measured, the calculating time can be increased with exponential form, and " dimension calamity " problem is more serious.Although the prior art improves " dimension
Number calamity " problem but makes optimization algorithm complicated abstruse, it is difficult to apply in systems in practice.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method of basin step power station Optimized Operation provided in an embodiment of the present invention is used for watershed cascade hydropower
System optimizes scheduling, and the basin Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs includes at least one basin cascade hydropower subsystem, the basin
Cascade hydropower subsystem includes at least one power station, which comprises
Calculate the letdown flow in the power station and the power output in the power station;Establish the letdown flow in the power station with
And the constraint condition of the power output in the power station;
Effective water level is obtained according to the letdown flow in the power station, the power output in the power station and the constraint condition
Constraint space;
The scheduling mechanism in the power station is improved using multicore cluster parallel optimization.
Preferably, the power output of the letdown flow for calculating the power station and the power station, comprising: according to function
Calculate the letdown flow in the power station;
Wherein, i is power station number,For the average generating flow in period t,To abandon water flow, △ t is unit
Period scale, k1、k2Respectively piecewise interval locating for t-1 and t period reservoir level is numbered, Ii,tFor naturally entering in reservoir i period t
Stream,It is constant.
Preferably, the power output of the letdown flow for calculating the power station and the power station, comprising: according to function
And ωi,t=aH,i·Hi,t+bH,i
Calculate the power output in the power station;
Wherein, Hi,tFor net water head of the power station i in period t, ωi,tFor the hydropower station water consumption rate, aH,i
And bH,iIt is fitting constant coefficient.
Preferably, the constraint condition of the power output in the letdown flow for establishing the power station and the power station, packet
Equality constraint is included, is
Wherein, Vi,t-1、Vi,tDecision storage capacity of the respectively reservoir i in t-1 and t period Mo;It is reservoir i in period t
Interval inflow,The decision for being reservoir i in period t abandons water flow;Ii,tFor naturally becoming a mandarin in reservoir i period t, Zi,0、
Zi,TRespectively power station i starting-point detection and all end of term water levels.
Preferably, the constraint condition of the power output in the letdown flow for establishing the power station and the power station, also
Including inequality constraints condition, it is
Wherein,For reservoir i letdown flow upper limit value in period t,WithRespectively power station i goes out in the t period
Power minimum limit value and threshold limit value.
Compared with prior art, Optimal Operation Model of the invention processing is point of penetration, using restriction of water level space contraction
Method compresses water level and traverses space, carries out subregion to Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs based on large system decomposing coordination thought, and coordinate and optimize,
To improve Searching efficiency in conjunction with optimization problem itself, practicability is preferable under the premise of not changing algorithm optimization mechanism.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is cited below particularly, and cooperate
Appended attached drawing, is described in detail below.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram for the client that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the device of the basin step power station Optimized Operation of present pre-ferred embodiments.
The flow chart of the method for the basin step power station Optimized Operation that Fig. 3 present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Main element symbol description
Client 100;Memory 101;Storage control 102;Processor 103;Peripheral Interface 104;Display unit 105;
Input-output unit 106;
The device 200 of basin step power station Optimized Operation;Computing module 201;Constraints module 202;Constraint space generates
Module 203;Optimization module 204.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Usually exist
The component of the embodiment of the present invention described and illustrated in attached drawing can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations herein.Cause
This, is not intended to limit claimed invention to the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below
Range, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.Meanwhile of the invention
In description, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, are not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
As shown in Figure 1, being the block diagram for the client that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.The client 100 can
To be tablet computer, smart phone, personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA) etc..The client
End 100 includes the device 200 of basin step power station Optimized Operation, memory 101, storage control 102, processor 103, outer
If interface 104, display unit 105, input-output unit 106.
The memory 101, storage control 102, processor 103, Peripheral Interface 104, display unit 105, input are defeated
Each element of unit 106 is directly or indirectly electrically connected between each other out, to realize the transmission or interaction of data.For example, these
Element can be realized by one or more communication bus or signal wire be electrically connected between each other.The basin step power station is excellent
The device 200 for changing scheduling includes that at least one can be stored in the memory 101 in the form of software or firmware (firmware)
In or the software function module that is solidificated in the operating system (operating system, OS) of the client 100.The place
Reason device 103 is for executing the executable module stored in memory 101, such as the dress of the basin step power station Optimized Operation
Set the software function module or computer program that 200 include.
Wherein, memory 101 may be, but not limited to, random access memory (Random Access Memory,
RAM), read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), programmable read only memory (Programmable Read-Only
Memory, PROM), erasable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM),
Electricallyerasable ROM (EEROM) (Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM) etc..
Wherein, memory 101 is for storing program, and the processor 103 executes described program after receiving and executing instruction, aforementioned
Method performed by the server that the stream process that any embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention discloses defines can be applied to processor 103
In, or realized by processor 103.
Processor 103 may be a kind of IC chip, the processing capacity with signal.Above-mentioned processor 103 can
To be general processor, including central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, abbreviation CPU), network processing unit
(Network Processor, abbreviation NP) etc.;Can also be digital signal processor (DSP), specific integrated circuit (ASIC),
Field programmable gate array (FPGA) either other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hard
Part component.It may be implemented or execute disclosed each method, step and the logic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.General processor
It can be microprocessor or the processor 103 be also possible to any conventional processor 103 etc..
Various input/output devices are couple processor 103 and memory 101 by the Peripheral Interface 104.Some
In embodiment, Peripheral Interface 104, processor 103 and storage control 102 can be realized in one single chip.Other one
In a little examples, they can be realized by independent chip respectively.
Display unit 105 provides an interactive interface (such as user's operation circle between the client 100 and user
Face) or for display image data give user reference.In the present embodiment, the display unit 105 can be liquid crystal display
Or touch control display.It can be the capacitance type touch control screen or resistance of support single-point and multi-point touch operation if touch control display
Formula touch screen etc..Single-point and multi-point touch operation is supported to refer to that touch control display can sense on the touch control display one
Or at multiple positions simultaneously generate touch control operation, and the touch control operation that this is sensed transfer to processor 103 carry out calculate and
Processing.
Input-output unit 106 is used to be supplied to the interaction that user input data realizes user and the client 100.Institute
Stating input-output unit 106 may be, but not limited to, and mouse and keyboard etc., the keyboard can be dummy keyboard.
Referring to FIG. 2, being the function of the device 200 for the basin step power station Optimized Operation that present pre-ferred embodiments provide
It can module diagram.The device 200 of the basin step power station Optimized Operation include computing module 201, constraints module 202,
Constraint space generation module 203 and optimization module 204.
The objective function in power station can establish for
Wherein, E is period total power generation, T is number of segment when optimizing total, segment variable when t is;I is power station sum, and i is water
Power station number;ηiFor the comprehensive average output coefficient of power station i;For the average generating flow in period t;Hi,tFor power station i
Net water head in period t, △ t are unit period scale, such as can be 1 month (calculating by 30.4 days).
The basin Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs includes at least one basin cascade hydropower subsystem, basin cascade hydropower
System includes at least one power station.I.e. by basin Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs, several " 1 library N step " subsystems, each subsystem are resolved into
Only have flow coupling, unregulated power connection between system.
Specifically, as partitioned nodes, can be used as subregion main electrical power plant, by downstream under with well-tuned performance power station
Institute is included in the subregion whether there is or not power station is adjusted in one partitioned nodes section;If leading reservoir area, upstream is all without adjusting water
It is included in the subregion in power station;When upstream and downstream reservoir is in linking step, it is contemplated that dispatch coordination should be included in the same step of same subregion
Degree.
The computing module 201, for calculating the letdown flow in the power station and the power output in the power station.
Specifically, on the one hand, according to function
Calculate the letdown flow in the power station;
Wherein, i is power station number,For the average generating flow in period t,To abandon water flow, △ t is unit
Period scale, k1、k2Respectively piecewise interval locating for t-1 and t period reservoir level is numbered, Ii,tFor naturally entering in reservoir i period t
Stream,It is constant.
On the other hand, according to function
And ωi,t=aH,i·Hi,t+bH,i
Calculate the power output in the power station;
Wherein, Hi,tFor net water head of the power station i in period t, ωi,tFor the hydropower station water consumption rate, aH,i
And bH,iIt is fitting constant coefficient.
The constraints module 202, for establishing the pact of the letdown flow in the power station and the power output in the power station
Beam condition.
Preferably, the constraint condition includes equality constraint and inequality constraints condition.The equality constraint,
ForZi,0=Zi,T
Wherein, Vi,t-1、Vi,tDecision storage capacity of the respectively reservoir i in t-1 and t period Mo;It is reservoir i in period t
Interval inflow,The decision for being reservoir i in period t abandons water flow;Ii,tFor naturally becoming a mandarin in reservoir i period t, Zi,0、
Zi,TRespectively power station i starting-point detection and all end of term water levels.
Inequality constraints condition is
Wherein,For reservoir i letdown flow upper limit value in period t,WithRespectively power station i goes out in the t period
Power minimum limit value and threshold limit value.
The constraint space generation module 203, the power output for letdown flow, the power station according to the power station
And the constraint condition obtains effective restriction of water level space.
Optimization module 204 improves the scheduling mechanism in the power station using multicore cluster parallel optimization.
Specifically, power output in the period is selected to be used as target function,It indicates within the t+1 period, by this
Period initial equilibrium state ZtWith period decision variable Qt+1Resulting power output.
Mechanism type reservoir dispatching system is
Wherein, the f*t (Zt-1) it has been timing section the sum of to t period optimal power output, Ω is decision variable Qt+1In the period
Initial equilibrium state ZtUnder fixing situation, meet the permission decision set of each constraint condition.
Analyzed using Dynamic Programming optimization method concurrency: parallel computation is by a large-scale calculations Task-decomposing at more
A independent subtask, is assigned in different processor and executes parallel, it can call simultaneously multiple stage computers resource mutually to cooperate with
Work, is greatly improved computational efficiency and idle computing resource utilization rate.Dynamic Programming optimizes basin cascade hydropower and calculates stream
Include three layers of circulation in journey: outermost layer is stage variable circulation, the optimization slot cycle in as entire schedule periods;Middle layer is
State variable circulation, the traversal loop of as each optimization period end reservoir level discrete value;Innermost layer is decision variable circulation, as
Generating flow when optimization period end reservoir level is in certain discrete value calculates circulation.When stage variable is fixed, middle layer is carried out
State variable discrete point traversal loop in, each discrete point has opposite antagonism, and Structure matrix does not influence seeking for present period
Excellent result.Therefore, middle layer can carry out the processing of the traversal task of discrete point for segmentation is parallel, excavate state space and
Row.
For example, multicore cluster parallel computing can be carried out by Matlab.Specifically, parallel based on Matlab multicore cluster
Computing platform, parallel computation tool box (PCT) application program establish prototype in client, pass through Matlab distributed computing engine
(MDCE) the hierarchical storage structure cluster for expanding to multiple stage computers building is calculated.Client is defined and is created by PCT
It works (job) and task (task), ob is the batch processing that user needs to be implemented very intensive in MATLAB process,
Task is the subtask decomposed by job;MDCE is responsible for executing all of client creation for completing the job that client is sent
Task and calculated result is returned into client;Job manager (job manager) and computing unit (worker) are MDCE
A part, job manager is responsible for dispatching job, distribution task and receives calculated result, and by the calculated result of all task
Client is fed back again, and worker is used to execute the calculating node for the task that job manager is distributed, and a worker is primary
A task is executed, job manager is then returned result to.During parallel computation, using based on industrial standard
Message passing interface MPI (message passing interface) communication, is managed with dynamic License Management mode and has been awarded
The distribution of power calculates.Speed-up ratio and parallel efficiency are the important indicators for measuring parallel algorithm performance.Speed-up ratio is used to measure parallel
Machine is defined as the same task in single processor system runing time (t for the acceleration multiple of serial computerS) and parallel processing
Runing time (t in device systemP) ratio:
Parallel efficiency is used to measure the ratio that uniprocessor computing capability is used effectively, and speed-up ratio ideally is answered
Equal to processor number, parallel efficiency numerical value is equal to 1, and actual conditions speed-up ratio is usually less than P, parallel efficiency value between 0-1.
Parallel efficiency PEExpression formula are as follows:
Speed-up ratio and parallel efficiency depend not only on hardware platform performance, additionally depend on computing capability and the institute of calculate node
Execute the matching relationship between data granularity.Group system network communication expense is larger, and big granularity can reduce communication parallel and open
Accounting is sold, but granularity is excessive, task quantity is very little, will lead to calculate node and leaves unused and waste of resource, therefore should select distribution
Task granularity.
Effective restriction of water level space can be recognized according to Firm Output of Hydropower Station and letdown flow constraint, removed infeasible
The influence in domain.Power station is contributed related with the water level of the frontal pool and generating flow under reservoir inflow fixing situation, and for big storage capacity
Power station, generating flow increment are very little on the water level of the frontal pool influence, can be approximately considered power output with generating flow monotonic increase.Cause
This needs letdown flow to be greater than some critical value QfWhen, guarantee power output can be metAnd comprehensive water-using is usually able to satisfy at this time, Qf
The as comprehensive letdown flow of power station minimum.Reservoir starting-point detection and all end of term water level settings are equal, then SEA LEVEL VARIATION should press
According to QfRespectively in starting-point detection is pushed forward and all end of term water levels are retrodicted water level above and below true boundary.To true boundary and raw water above and below
Position constraint takes intersection to form contraction water level constraint space, and optimizing space is greatly reduced.
Referring to FIG. 3, being the process of the method for the basin step power station Optimized Operation that present pre-ferred embodiments provide
Figure.The method of the basin step power station Optimized Operation the following steps are included:
Step S101 calculates the letdown flow in the power station and the power output in the power station.
In the embodiment of the present invention, step S101 can be executed by computing module 201.
Further, step S101 includes:
According to function
Calculate the letdown flow in the power station;
Wherein, i is power station number,For the average generating flow in period t,To abandon water flow, △ t is unit
Period scale, k1、k2Respectively piecewise interval locating for t-1 and t period reservoir level is numbered, Ii,tFor naturally entering in reservoir i period t
Stream,It is constant;And
According to function
And ωI, t=aH, i·HI, t+bH, i
Calculate the power output in the power station;
Wherein, Hi,tFor net water head of the power station i in period t, ωi,tFor the hydropower station water consumption rate, aH,i
And bH,iIt is fitting constant coefficient.
Step S102 establishes the constraint condition of the letdown flow in the power station and the power output in the power station.
In the embodiment of the present invention, step S102 can be executed by constraints module 202.
Further, step S102 includes:
Equality constraint is established, is
Wherein, Vi,t-1、Vi,tDecision storage capacity of the respectively reservoir i in t-1 and t period Mo;It is reservoir i in period t
Interval inflow,The decision for being reservoir i in period t abandons water flow;Ii,tFor naturally becoming a mandarin in reservoir i period t, Zi,0、
Zi,TRespectively power station i starting-point detection and all end of term water levels;And
Inequality constraints condition is established, is
Wherein,For reservoir i letdown flow upper limit value in period t,WithRespectively power station i goes out in the t period
Power minimum limit value and threshold limit value.
Step S103 is obtained according to the letdown flow in the power station, the power output in the power station and the constraint condition
To effective restriction of water level space.
In the embodiment of the present invention, step S103 can be executed by constraint space generation module 203.
Step S104 improves the scheduling mechanism in the power station using multicore cluster parallel optimization.
In the embodiment of the present invention, step S104 can be executed by optimization module 204.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed device and method can also pass through
Other modes are realized.The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, flow chart and block diagram in attached drawing
Show the device of multiple embodiments according to the present invention, the architectural framework in the cards of method and computer program product,
Function and operation.In this regard, each box in flowchart or block diagram can represent the one of a module, section or code
Part, a part of the module, section or code, which includes that one or more is for implementing the specified logical function, to be held
Row instruction.It should also be noted that function marked in the box can also be to be different from some implementations as replacement
The sequence marked in attached drawing occurs.For example, two continuous boxes can actually be basically executed in parallel, they are sometimes
It can execute in the opposite order, this depends on the function involved.It is also noted that every in block diagram and or flow chart
The combination of box in a box and block diagram and or flow chart can use the dedicated base for executing defined function or movement
It realizes, or can realize using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions in the system of hardware.
In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention can integrate one independent portion of formation together
Point, it is also possible to modules individualism, an independent part can also be integrated to form with two or more modules.
It, can be with if the function is realized and when sold or used as an independent product in the form of software function module
It is stored in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention is substantially in other words
The part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be embodied in the form of software products, the meter
Calculation machine software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment (can be a
People's computer, server or network equipment etc.) it performs all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present invention.
And storage medium above-mentioned includes: that USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), arbitrary access are deposited
The various media that can store program code such as reservoir (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk.It needs
Illustrate, herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like be used merely to by an entity or operation with
Another entity or operation distinguish, and without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation, there are any this realities
The relationship or sequence on border.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to the packet of nonexcludability
Contain, so that the process, method, article or equipment for including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also including
Other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or device.
In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including the element
Process, method, article or equipment in there is also other identical elements.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.It should also be noted that similar label and letter exist
Similar terms are indicated in following attached drawing, therefore, once being defined in a certain Xiang Yi attached drawing, are then not required in subsequent attached drawing
It is further defined and explained.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of basin step power station Optimized Operation, optimizes scheduling for watershed Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs,
It is characterized in that, the basin Hydro Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs includes at least one basin cascade hydropower subsystem, the basin cascade hydropower
Subsystem includes at least one power station, which comprises
Calculate the letdown flow in the power station and the power output in the power station;Establish letdown flow and the institute in the power station
State the constraint condition of the power output in power station;
Effective restriction of water level is obtained according to the letdown flow in the power station, the power output in the power station and the constraint condition
Space;
The scheduling mechanism in the power station is improved using multicore cluster parallel optimization;
The power output of the letdown flow for calculating the power station and the power station, comprising: according to function
Calculate the letdown flow in the power station;
Wherein, i is power station number,For the average generating flow in period t,To abandon water flow, △ t is the unit period
Scale, k1、k2Respectively piecewise interval locating for t-1 and t period reservoir level is numbered, Ii,tFor in reservoir i period t naturally become a mandarin,It is constant;
The power output of the letdown flow for calculating the power station and the power station, comprising: according to function
And ωi,t=aH,i·Hi,t+bH,i
Calculate the power output in the power station;
Wherein, Hi,tFor net water head of the power station i in period t, ωi,tFor the hydropower station water consumption rate, aH,iWith
bH,iIt is fitting constant coefficient;
The constraint condition of the power output in the letdown flow for establishing the power station and the power station, including equality constraint item
Part is
Zi,0=Zi,T
Wherein, Vi,t-1、Vi,tDecision storage capacity of the respectively reservoir i in t-1 and t period Mo;For area of the reservoir i in period t
Between water,The decision for being reservoir i in period t abandons water flow;Ii,tFor naturally becoming a mandarin in reservoir i period t, Zi,0、Zi,T
Respectively power station i starting-point detection and all end of term water levels;
The constraint condition of the power output in the letdown flow for establishing the power station and the power station, further include inequality about
Beam condition is
Wherein,For reservoir i letdown flow upper limit value in period t,WithPower station i contributes most respectively in the t period
Small limit value and threshold limit value.
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CN107368903A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-11-21 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of step power station daily optimal dispatch method for considering current delay consecutive variations |
CN107808041B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-11-17 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Method for optimally drawing cascade reservoir hydraulic connection diagram |
CN108181938B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-12-18 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Water level adjusting method for reversely dissolving waste water of hydropower station |
CN110599363A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-20 | 重庆大学 | Power system reliability assessment method considering optimized scheduling of cascade hydropower station |
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