CN106371010A - Fault detection method and motor vehicle - Google Patents
Fault detection method and motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN106371010A CN106371010A CN201610868086.9A CN201610868086A CN106371010A CN 106371010 A CN106371010 A CN 106371010A CN 201610868086 A CN201610868086 A CN 201610868086A CN 106371010 A CN106371010 A CN 106371010A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a fault detection method, a fault detection apparatus, a storage battery assembly and a motor vehicle. The fault detection method includes the following steps that: after a heavy current cutting off instruction is obtained, the voltage change value of a bus-bar circuit connected in series with a switch control module is obtained, wherein the heavy current cutting off instruction is used for controlling the switch control module to make the same switched off; whether the voltage change value is smaller than a preset voltage change value is detected according to a preset frequency; the number of times of the occurring of a condition that the voltage change value is smaller than the preset voltage change value is determined; and when it is detected that the number of times is larger than or equal to a preset number of times, it is determined that the switch control module malfunctions. With the fault detection method provided by the technical schemes of the invention adopted, the accuracy and timeliness of the detection of the fault of the storage battery assembly can be improved, and the high-voltage safety of the motor vehicle and the use experience of a user can be improved with production cost and maintenance cost not increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology field, in particular to a kind of fault detection method, a kind of motor vehicles.
Background technology
Electric motor vehicle under acquisition forceful electric power instruction when, vms (vehicle management system, vehicle management system
System) power operation is carried out to accumulator by bms (battery management system, battery management module), namely control
Switch control module processed disconnects, and by bms detection power process whether fault.
In correlation technique, power-off failure event be cannot be carried out detecting, for example, the relay in switch control module glues
Connect or sintering is it is impossible to carry out power operation to accumulator, and bms feedback has completed lower forceful electric power operation, then generation is many to I haven't seen you for ages
Technological deficiency.
For example:
(1) driver or maintainer cannot know that power-off identifies, there is Danger Electric shock risk.
(2) hardware load continues to work under high voltage bus, service life reduction.
(3) power accumulator continued power, service life reduction.
Therefore, above-mentioned technological deficiency is all because bms inefficacy causing trouble detects unsuccessfully, and seriously reduces accumulator event
The reliability of barrier detection, meanwhile, causes great potential safety hazard to accumulator and vehicle user.
Content of the invention
Present invention seek to address that at least one of technical problem present in prior art or correlation technique.The first of the present invention
The embodiment of aspect proposes a kind of fault detection method.
The embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention is it is also proposed that a kind of failure detector.
The embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention is it is also proposed that a kind of accumulator cell assembly.
The embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present invention is it is also proposed that a kind of motor vehicles.
In view of this, embodiment according to the first aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of fault detection method, bag
Include: after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, obtain the voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module；According to default frequency
Rate detects whether described voltage change is less than predeterminated voltage changing value；Record described voltage change and be less than described predeterminated voltage
The number of times of changing value；When described number of times is detected more than or equal to preset times, determine described switch control module fault, its
In, described lower forceful electric power instructs for controlling described switch control module to disconnect.
Preferably, after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, the voltage obtaining the bus circuit being in series with switch control module becomes
Change value, specifically includes following steps: after obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, detect in multiple acquiring units and obtain with the presence or absence of a certain
The voltage taking the described bus circuit acquired in unit belongs to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with this acquiring unit, if it is,
Calculate the voltage change of the described bus circuit acquired in this acquiring unit, if it is not, then the voltage by described bus circuit
It is labeled as a default value.
Preferably, described acquiring unit includes one of bms, mcu, hardware load or multiple.
Preferably, when the voltage of described bus circuit is labeled as default value, directly determining described switch control module
Fault.
Preferably, when described number of times is cumulative frequency, described preset times are preset cumulative number of times；Or described number of times is
During read-around ratio, described preset times are default read-around ratio.
Preferably, before obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, also including: arranged according to user instruction and store described default
The corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value of arbitrary judgement cycle that frequency, preset times and described predeterminated frequency determine.
Preferably, after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, the voltage obtaining the bus circuit being in series with switch control module becomes
Change value, specifically includes following steps: after obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain the voltage-vs-time distribution of described bus circuit
Information；Determine that effective voltage value and the described lower forceful electric power of acquisition refer to according to preset sample frequency and described voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence
Initial voltage when making；Sampling instant is determined according to described preset sample frequency, in arbitrary described sampling instant, has described in calculating
Voltage difference between effect magnitude of voltage and described initial voltage；Corresponding to all described sampling instant in the judgement cycle
Voltage difference is weighted suing for peace, using the result of described weighted sum as described voltage change.
Preferably, after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, the voltage obtaining the bus circuit being in series with switch control module becomes
Change value, specifically further comprising the steps of: from obtaining the initial time of described lower forceful electric power instruction, to obtain the mother of described initial time
The voltage of line circuit, is denoted as initial voltage；From described initial time, timing, to specifying the moment, obtains the mother in described specified moment
The voltage of line circuit, is denoted as sample voltage value；Calculate the voltage difference between described initial voltage and described sample voltage value；Will
Voltage difference between described initial voltage and described sample voltage value is defined as described voltage change.
Preferably, after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, the voltage obtaining the bus circuit being in series with switch control module becomes
Change value, specifically includes following steps: after obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain the voltage-vs-time distribution of described bus circuit
Information；Determine that effective voltage value and the described lower forceful electric power of acquisition refer to according to preset sample frequency and described voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence
Initial voltage when making；Sampling instant is determined according to described preset sample frequency, in arbitrary described sampling instant, has described in calculating
Voltage difference between effect magnitude of voltage and described initial voltage；All described sampling instant in first judgement cycle is corresponded to
Voltage difference be weighted sue for peace, using the result of described weighted sum as described voltage change；Upper one is judged week
The effective voltage value of the last sampling of phase is as the initial voltage in next judgement cycle.
Preferably, above-mentioned fault detection method also includes: when determining described switch control module fault, send fault
Information.
Embodiment according to the second aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of failure detector, comprising: obtain single
Unit, after the instruction of forceful electric power under acquisition, obtains the voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module；Detection is single
According to predeterminated frequency, unit, for detecting whether described voltage change is less than predeterminated voltage changing value；Recording unit, for recording
Described voltage change is less than the number of times of described predeterminated voltage changing value；Determining unit, for being more than described number of times is detected
Or when being equal to preset times, determine described switch control module fault, wherein, described lower forceful electric power instructs for controlling described switch
Control module disconnects.
Preferably, described acquiring unit is multiple, each described acquiring unit all can obtain described bus circuit
Voltage；Described detector unit is additionally operable to: detects in multiple described acquiring units with the presence or absence of acquired in a certain acquiring unit
The voltage of described bus circuit belongs to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with acquiring unit this described；Described failure detector also wraps
Include: signal generating unit, for detecting when described number of times is more than or equal to preset times or in described inspection in described determining unit
The voltage that survey unit detects the described bus circuit acquired in all described acquiring units is not belonging to and acquiring unit this described
During corresponding threshold voltage ranges, generate fault cues information.
Preferably, described acquiring unit includes one of bcu, mcu, hardware load or multiple.
Preferably, described acquiring unit is additionally operable to: obtained when described detector unit detects all described acquiring units
When the voltage of the described bus circuit taking is not admitted to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with each described acquiring unit, by described bus
The voltage of circuit is labeled as default value.
Preferably, when described number of times is cumulative frequency, described preset times are preset cumulative number of times；Or described number of times is
During read-around ratio, described preset times are default read-around ratio.
Preferably, above-mentioned failure detector also includes: memory element, for being arranged according to user instruction and storing institute
State the corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value of arbitrary judgement cycle that predeterminated frequency, preset times and described predeterminated frequency determine.
Preferably, described acquiring unit is additionally operable to: after obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain described bus circuit
Voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence；Described determining unit is additionally operable to: according to preset sample frequency and described voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence
Determine effective voltage value and obtain initial voltage during described lower forceful electric power instruction；Described failure detector also includes: the first meter
Calculate unit, for sampling instant is determined according to described preset sample frequency, in arbitrary described sampling instant, calculate described effective electricity
Voltage difference between pressure value and described initial voltage；Described first computing unit is additionally operable to: to the institute in the judgement cycle
The corresponding voltage difference of described sampling instant is had to be weighted suing for peace, using the result of described weighted sum as described change in voltage
Value.
Preferably, described acquiring unit is additionally operable to: from obtaining the initial time of described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain described
The voltage of the bus circuit of initial time, is denoted as initial voltage；Described acquiring unit is additionally operable to: timing from described initial time
To specifying the moment, obtain the voltage of the bus circuit in described specified moment, be denoted as sample voltage value；Described failure detector is also
Including: the second computing unit, for calculating the voltage difference between described initial voltage and described sample voltage value；Described second
Computing unit is additionally operable to: the voltage difference between described initial voltage and described sample voltage value is defined as described change in voltage
Value.
Preferably, described acquiring unit is additionally operable to: after obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain described hardware load
Voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence；Described determining unit is additionally operable to: according to preset sample frequency and described voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence
Determine effective voltage value and obtain initial voltage during described lower forceful electric power instruction；Described failure detector also includes: the first meter
Calculate unit, for sampling instant is determined according to described preset sample frequency, in arbitrary described sampling instant, calculate described effective electricity
Voltage difference between pressure value and described initial voltage；Described first computing unit is additionally operable to: in first judgement cycle
The corresponding voltage difference of all described sampling instants is weighted suing for peace, and is become using the result of described weighted sum as described voltage
Change value；Described determining unit is additionally operable to: after described first computing unit completes the calculating of described voltage change, by upper one
The active voltage of the last sampling in judgement cycle is as the initial voltage in next judgement cycle.
Preferably, above-mentioned failure detector also includes: transmitting element, for determining described switch control module event
During barrier, send fault cues information.
Embodiment according to the third aspect of the invention we, the present invention proposes a kind of accumulator cell assembly, comprising: hardware is born
Carry；Accumulator body, connects to hardware load, is in series between the bus circuit of described accumulator body and described hardware load
Switch control module；Battery management module, connects to described accumulator body, for controlling the closure of described switch control module
State；Main control module, connects to described battery management module and described accumulator body, for the electricity according to described hardware load
Pressure changing value and predeterminated voltage changing value determine described switch control module whether fault.
Preferably, above-mentioned accumulator cell assembly also includes: motor control unit, it is connected to described hardware load and described master
Between control module, for detecting the voltage change of described hardware load.
Preferably, above-mentioned accumulator cell assembly also includes: memory module, connect to described main control module, for storing
State predeterminated voltage changing value.
Preferably, above-mentioned accumulator cell assembly also includes: communication module, connect to described main control module, for described
When main control module determines described switch control module fault, send the fault cues information of generation.
Preferably, above-mentioned accumulator cell assembly also includes: can bus, it is connected to described main control module and described cell tube
Between reason module, for the closure state of described switch control module is transmitted to described main control module.
Preferably, described can bus is also attached between described main control module and described motor control unit, for inciting somebody to action
Described voltage change transmits to described main control module.
Preferably, switch control module includes: reminding module, connect to described main control module, in described master control
When module determines described switch control module fault, generate described switch control module corresponding fault cues information.
Preferably, switch control module includes: the first relay, it is arranged at the cathode output end of described accumulator body
And the electrode input end of described hardware load between；Second relay, be arranged at described accumulator body cathode output end and
Between the negative input of described hardware load.
Preferably, described hardware load is included in air condition with camion, vehicle-mounted cooling fan, dcdc and vehicle-mounted cooling water pump
At least one.Dcdc is DC converter, is generally used for charging for 12v accumulator.
Embodiment according to the fourth aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of motor vehicles and includes: as above any one institute
The failure detector stated；Or the as above accumulator cell assembly described in any one.
Preferably, described motor vehicles are pure electric motor vehicle, Fuel cell electric motor-car or hybrid motor vehicle.
By above technical scheme, by detecting the voltage change of bus circuit, and judge voltage change and preset
The magnitude relationship of voltage change, even if under conditions of bms has fed back and completes lower forceful electric power, still be able to judge on-off control
Module whether there is the faults such as sintering or adhesion.And, bms, mcu etc. redundant sensor to accumulator cell assembly (bus electricity
Road) voltage or current detecting fault or contact lost efficacy when, still effectively can determine the fault of switch control module in time, carry
The high experience of the reliability of accumulator failure detection and user.
Brief description
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow diagram of fault detection method according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic flow diagram of fault detection method according to another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows the voltage-time curve figure within first judgement cycle according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the schematic flow diagram obtaining the voltage of bus circuit according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram of failure detector according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 shows the structural representation of accumulator cell assembly according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 shows the schematic block diagram of motor vehicles according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specifically real
Mode of applying is further described in detail to the present invention.It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, the enforcement of the application
Feature in example and embodiment can be mutually combined.
Elaborate a lot of details in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention, but, the present invention also may be used
To be implemented different from other modes described here using other, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not described below
Specific embodiment restriction.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 gives two kinds of embodiments of fault detection method according to an embodiment of the invention:
Embodiment one:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow diagram of fault detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, fault detection method according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising: step 102, under acquisition
After forceful electric power instruction, obtain the voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module；Step 104, according to predeterminated frequency
Whether detection voltage changing value is less than predeterminated voltage changing value；Step 106, recording voltage changing value is less than predeterminated voltage changing value
Number of times；Step 108, when number of times is detected more than or equal to preset times, determines switch control module fault, wherein, under
Forceful electric power instructs and disconnects for controlling switch control module.
In this technical scheme, by detecting the voltage change of bus circuit, and judge voltage change and default electricity
The magnitude relationship of pressure changing value, and then judge switch control module whether fault, no longer only rely only on the feedback of bms.
Example two:
Fig. 2 shows the schematic flow diagram of the fault detection method of another example according to the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 fault detection method according to another embodiment of the invention, concrete steps include: if inspection
Measuring lower forceful electric power instruction needs to start lower electricity, then record the initial time t of forceful electric power, enter step 202, record the forceful electric power moment
Bus circuit initial voltage bus_vol (t), arrange n=0, m=0, wherein n be continuous monitoring voltage change δ bus_
Whether vol (t) is less than the actual judgement number of times of predeterminated voltage changing value δ bus_vol_trd (t), and m is δ bus_vol is detected
T () < (that is, the voltage change detecting is less than the secondary of predeterminated voltage changing value to the actual frequency of δ bus_vol_trd (t)
Number)；Step 204, judges whether n ＜ n sets up, if so, then execution step 206, if it is not, then execution step 214, wherein, n is even
Whether continuous monitoring voltage changing value δ bus_vol (t) is less than the actual judgement of predeterminated voltage changing value δ bus_vol_trd (t)
Frequency threshold value；Step 206, obtains the voltage change of busbar voltage, that is, calculates real-time bus voltage value bus_vol (t) (i.e.,
Effective voltage value) value of delta bus_vol (t) and initial voltage bus_vol (t) of lower forceful electric power initial time between；Step
208, judge whether that t ＞ δ t sets up, if so, then execution step 210, if it is not, then execution step 206, wherein δ t are sentenced for one
Fixed cycle, in other words, in the present embodiment, n judgement to be carried out, judge with δ t as a judgement cycle every time, thus determine
Predeterminated frequency；Step 210, judges whether δ bus_vol (t) < δ bus_vol_trd (t) sets up, if so, then execution step
212, if it is not, then execution step 216, wherein δ bus_vol_trd (t) they are predeterminated voltage changing value；Step 212, actual judgement
Frequency n=n+1, number of times m=m+1；Step 214, judges whether m >=m sets up, and if so, then switch control module fault symbol puts 1,
Determine switch control module fault, if it is not, then switch control module fault symbol sets to 0, wherein m is preset times.In other words, with every
Individual δ t is a judgement cycle, has carried out n judgement, if finding there be m δ bus_vol (t) < δ bus_ after judging at n time
Vol_trd (t) sets up and m exceedes pre-determined number it is determined that switch control module fault.
After Fig. 3 taking first judgement cycle has as a example been illustratively shown forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, how at first
The voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module is obtained, this in figure damage curve is 702, reason in the judgement cycle
It is 704 by the normalized curve calculating, concrete steps include: from obtaining the initial time t of lower forceful electric power instruction, record bus circuit
Voltage-time curve, namely mapping relations of bus voltage value bus_vol (t) (volt) and time t (millisecond).Preset and adopt
Sample frequency, that is, preset a sampling number k judging in cycle δ t, each δ tk can differ, and δ t1+ δ t2+ ...
+ δ tk=δ t, presets six time interval δ t1, δ t2, δ t3, δ t4, δ t5 and δ t6 in figure 3, judges at one
Sampling number k=6 in cycle δ t.Certainly, sampling number k can be set as other numerical value as needed.In multiple repairing weld,
The voltage change (that is, the difference of bus_vol (t) and initial voltage bus_volt (t)) of each sampling instant corresponding is δ
Bus_vol (t+ δ t1), δ bus_vol (t+ δ t2) ... δ bus_vol (t+ δ tk), determine that six time intervals are corresponding
Voltage change, the result being weighted summation process is δ bus_vol (t+ δ t).
If judging, δ bus_vol (t+ δ t) is less than predeterminated voltage changing value δ bus_vol_trd (t), judges inefficacy 1
Secondary, i.e. m=m+1 in Fig. 2.Weighting weight can account for the proportion in whole sampling period, the important of sampled point with each sampling time
Property etc. determine.
It should be noted that employing " predeterminated frequency " and " preset sample frequency " two terms in this specification, wherein,
Predeterminated frequency refers to once be judged with δ t for a judgement cycle, altogether needs to carry out n judgement it is therefore an objective to detect
Judge the number of times losing efficacy, and preset sample frequency refers to carry out k sampling within a judgement cycle it is therefore an objective to obtain bus electricity
The voltage change on road.
During carrying out n voltage change judgement, can carry out judging switch control module using two ways
Whether fault, the cumulative frequency m1 in determined number m and read-around ratio m2, wherein, cumulative frequency m1 is to complete n change in voltage
After value judges, judges Failure count and be m1, read-around ratio m2 is in n voltage change decision process, continuously judgement mistake
The number of times of effect, specifically includes:
Method one: after the judgement completing n voltage change, judge whether cumulative frequency m1 is tired more than or equal to default
Long-pending number of times m1, if so, then judges switch control module fault.
Method two: judge that read-around ratio m2, whether more than or equal to default read-around ratio m2, if so, then judges on-off control
Module failure, namely when continuous judgement was lost efficacy for m2 time, directly determine switch control module fault it is not necessary to wait for n electricity
The judgement of pressure changing value.
That is, when cumulative frequency and/or read-around ratio are more than preset times m, judge switch control module fault.
In this technical scheme, by calculating the voltage difference between effective voltage value and initial voltage, to the judgement cycle
The corresponding voltage difference of all sampling instants be weighted sue for peace, using the result of weighted sum as voltage change, opening
When closing control module generation sintering or adhesion, still effectively can judge the fault of switch control module in time, improve accumulator
The reliability of fault detect and the experience of user.
Embodiment described by Fig. 3 is in a preset time period (that is, in the judgement cycle), is repeatedly adopted
Sample, advantage of this is that and can carry out more accurate fail-ure criterion.
Judge embodiment as another, after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, obtain the bus being in series with switch control module
The voltage change of circuit, specifically includes following steps: from obtaining the initial time t of lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain initial time
Bus circuit voltage, be denoted as initial voltage bus_vol (t)；From initial time t, timing, to specifying the moment, obtains and specifies
The voltage of the bus circuit in moment, is denoted as sample voltage value；Calculate between initial voltage bus_vol (t) and sample voltage value
Voltage difference；Voltage difference between initial voltage and sample voltage value is defined as voltage change.In other words, sentence at one
In fixed cycle δ t, only once sampled it is not necessary to be weighted asking to the voltage difference of multiple time intervals in the end of δ t
With efficiently reduce amount of calculation data pressure, improve the reliability of fault detect.
In the above description, each judge cycle δ t or each sampling interval δ tk in, can all the time with
Bus_vol (t) as initial voltage, to reduce computational complexity.But it is also possible to judge the cycle by upper one during Practical Calculation
The effective voltage value of last sampling is as the initial voltage in next judgement cycle, i.e. effective electricity in δ t6 moment in figure 3
As the initial voltage of lower six samplings, this can improve the degree of fitting of value of calculation and actual value to pressure value.
Above-mentioned predeterminated frequency, preset times and predeterminated voltage changing value or preset sample frequency are that forceful electric power refers under acquisition
Being arranged according to user instruction before order and store it is also possible to as definite value storage.In this technical scheme, by being referred to according to user
Order arranges and stores the corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value of arbitrary judgement cycle that predeterminated frequency, preset times and predeterminated frequency determine
(that is, the ordered series of numbers of a predeterminated voltage changing value), improves motility and the reliability of failure detection schemes, namely default frequency
Rate, predeterminated voltage changing value and preset times determine precision and the real-time of fault detect, meet the different detections of user
Demand.
Preferably, corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value of arbitrary judgement cycle, i.e. predeterminated voltage are determined according to predeterminated frequency
Changing value δ bus_vol_trd (t) is an ordered series of numbers with time correlation, this have the advantage that, the bus_vol of reality
T ()-t curve is not straight line, predeterminated voltage changing value is set to an ordered series of numbers and can preferably judge damage curve
Whether 702 whole process creates, with normalized curve 704, the deviation exceeding threshold value, thus more accurately judging inefficacy time
Number m.Calculate it is also possible to predeterminated voltage changing value δ bus_vol_trd (t) is set to a constant to simplify, but, root
Preset corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value respectively according to the different decision cycle, realize, for the different detection periods, determining detection threshold
The technique effect of value, and then improve the reliability of the fault detect of switch control module.
After Fig. 4 indicates forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, obtain the voltage of bus circuit being in series with switch control module
One example, comprising: step 402, obtains the voltage of bus circuit, the voltage feeding back to vms of such as motor control unit mcu
Mcu_vol, battery management module bms feed back to the voltage bms_vol of the bus circuit of vms；Step 404, judges bms_vol_
Whether max ＞ bms_vol ＞ bms_vol_min sets up, if so, then execution step 408, if it is not, then execution step 406；Step
406, judge whether mcu_vol_max ＞ mcu_vol ＞ mcu_vol_min sets up, if so, then execution step 410, if it is not, then
Execution step 406；Step 412, real-time busbar voltage bus_vol (t)=bms_vol；Step 410, real-time busbar voltage bus_
Vol (t)=mcu_vol；Step 412, real-time busbar voltage bus_vol (t)=def_vol, wherein, def_vol is default value.
Wherein, bms_vol_max is bms maximum threshold voltage, and bms_vol_min is bms minimum threshold voltage, mcu_
Vol_max is mcu maximum threshold voltage, and mcu_vol_min is mcu minimum threshold voltage.That is, in the diagram, pass through
Whether the voltage that bms, mcu feed back to vms is in judge in respective threshold range that bms, mcu itself and its redundant sensor are
No normal:
(1) judge whether bms_vol meets bms_vol_max ＞ bms_vol ＞ bms_vol_min, if so, then bms is being just
Often, using the real-time voltage of bms_vol as busbar voltage information, if it is not, then bms fault.
(2) judge whether mcu_vol meets mcu_vol_max ＞ mcu_vol ＞ mcu_vol_min, if so, then mcu is being just
Often, using the real-time voltage of mcu_vol as busbar voltage information, if it is not, then mcu fault.
(3) if the equal fault of bms and mcu, busbar voltage is set to default value, that is, voltage change is always 0, now directly
Connect and judge switch control module fault.
It should be noted that in the diagram, being only described as acquiring unit using bms and mcu, obtaining when there is other
When unit can feed back bus circuit voltage, for example other hardware load also can feed back during bus circuit voltage it is also possible to right
The threshold voltage ranges whether the bus circuit voltage acquired in other acquiring units belongs to this acquiring unit are detected, as long as
Detect the bus circuit voltage acquired in a certain acquiring unit be in should in the threshold voltage ranges of acquiring unit, then with
The bus circuit magnitude of voltage that this acquiring unit obtains, as busbar voltage, carries out follow-up voltage change and calculates；If all
The voltage of bus circuit all beyond threshold voltage ranges, is then labeled as default value def_ by the busbar voltage acquired in acquiring unit
Vol, that is, think that voltage change is always 0, although now may not the faults such as sintering or adhesion in switch control module,
But still directly judging switch control module fault, this is a kind of erroneous judgement.Technology teaching according to this area, it is to avoid erroneous judgement is fault
Target during judgement, but mutually deviate from art technology teaching, embodiments of the invention set this erroneous judgement pattern, because
It is for using electric power as the motor vehicles of power source, the forceful electric power of accumulator directly threatens driving staff or maintainer
Life security, therefore under acquisition forceful electric power instruction after, if acquiring unit all produces fault and can not obtain real bus
Circuit voltage value (now cannot physically judge whether switch control module has completed lower forceful electric power), then directly judge switch
Control module fault, thus it is advantageous that prompting subsequently carries out operation according to the state with forceful electric power, this can improve safety
Property.
In other words, in the fig. 4 embodiment, after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, detect in multiple acquiring units and whether there is
The voltage of the bus circuit acquired in a certain acquiring unit belongs to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with this acquisition module, if it is,
Then calculate the voltage change of the bus circuit acquired in this acquiring unit, if it is not, then the voltage of bus circuit is labeled as
One default value, that is, judge change in voltage for 0, directly determines switch control module fault.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, acquiring unit includes bms, mcu, or air condition with camion, vehicle-mounted cooling fan,
One of hardware load such as dcdc and vehicle-mounted cooling water pump or multiple.
In technique scheme, the acquiring unit such as bms, mcu and hardware load redundant sensor to accumulator battery
The electric power detection fault (for example accumulator cell assembly, the current value of bus and/or magnitude of voltage being detected) of part or contact were lost efficacy
When, still judge the fault of switch control module, while not lifting production cost and maintenance cost, in the way of forcing erroneous judgement
Improve the reliability of accumulator failure detection and the experience of user, improve safety.
When determining switch control module fault, send fault cues information.
In this technical scheme, by when determining switch control module fault, generating fault cues information, intuitively will
Switch control module fault cues information alert, to user, improves the experience of user.
In this technical scheme, on the one hand, above-mentioned fault cues information can be sent to the mobile terminal of association, another
Above-mentioned fault cues information can be sent to power side by aspect, forces power-off to guarantee electrical safety, and another further aspect is permissible
Above-mentioned fault cues information is sent to server, so that research staff carries out technological improvement and accident analysis.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram of failure detector according to an embodiment of the invention, the fault inspection in Fig. 5
The each unit surveying device is used for realizing each step in above-mentioned fault detection method.
As shown in figure 5, failure detector 300 according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising: acquiring unit 302, use
After realizing the above-mentioned instruction of forceful electric power under acquisition, obtain the voltage change of bus circuit being in series with switch control module
Step；Detector unit 304, for above-mentioned whether changing according to predeterminated frequency detection voltage changing value realized less than predeterminated voltage
The step of value；Recording unit 306, for realizing the step that above-mentioned recording voltage changing value is less than the number of times of predeterminated voltage changing value
Suddenly；Determining unit 308, for realize above-mentioned when number of times is detected and being more than or equal to preset times, determine on-off control mould
The step of block fault, wherein, lower forceful electric power instructs and disconnects for controlling switch control module.
In this technical scheme, by detecting the voltage change of bus circuit, and judge voltage change and default electricity
The magnitude relationship of pressure changing value, and then judge switch control module whether fault, forceful electric power under bms feeds back but on-off control mould
When block actual sintered or adhesion, still effectively can judge the fault of switch control module in time, not lift production cost and dimension
While shield cost, improve the reliability of accumulator failure detection and the experience of user.
It is preferable that acquiring unit 302 is many in technique scheme it is preferable that in any of the above-described technical scheme
Individual, such as bms, mcu or other hardware load, each acquiring unit 302 all can obtain the voltage of bus circuit；Inspection
Survey unit 304 to be additionally operable to: detect the voltage with the presence or absence of the bus circuit acquired in a certain acquiring unit in multiple acquiring units
Belong to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with this acquiring unit；Failure detector 300 also includes: signal generating unit 316, for true
Order unit detects described number of times and is more than or equal to during preset times or all described acquisitions is detected in described detector unit
When the voltage of the described bus circuit acquired in unit is not belonging to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with acquiring unit this described, generate
Fault cues information.
In any of the above-described technical scheme it is preferable that acquiring unit 302 include one of bcu, mcu, hardware load or
Person is multiple, and hardware load can be at least one in air condition with camion, vehicle-mounted cooling fan, dcdc and vehicle-mounted cooling water pump；
Acquiring unit 302 is additionally operable to: when detector unit 304 detect the bus circuit acquired in all acquiring units 302 voltage equal
When being not belonging to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with each acquiring unit, the voltage of bus circuit is labeled as default value.
In this technical scheme, by fault detect is carried out to the acquiring units such as bms and mcu 302, further increasing
The reliability of fault detect and accuracy, namely in all faults such as bms and/or mcu it is not necessary to carry out the multiple of busbar voltage
Sampling judges, that is, generate fault cues information, and then more effectively improve the safety of subsequent operation and maintenance.
In technique scheme it is preferable that when number of times is cumulative frequency, preset times are preset cumulative number of times；Or it is secondary
When number is for read-around ratio, preset times are default read-around ratio.
In this technical scheme, during by arranging number of times for cumulative frequency, preset times are preset cumulative number of times m1, permissible
After determining n judgement cycle δ t, whether the Failure count m of switch control module reaches m1, if reached, judges on-off control
Module failure, and then lift the accuracy of fault detect, during by arranging number of times for read-around ratio, preset times are default continuous
Number of times m2, can determine switch control module fault it is not necessary to complete n detection, you can confirm when read-around ratio m reaches m2
Switch control module fault, is effectively improved the efficiency of fault detect.
It is preferable that also including in any of the above-described technical scheme: memory element 310, for being arranged simultaneously according to user instruction
The corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value of arbitrary judgement cycle that storage predeterminated frequency, preset times and predeterminated frequency determine.
In this technical scheme, by arranging and storing predeterminated frequency, preset times and predeterminated frequency according to user instruction
The corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value of arbitrary judgement cycle determining, improves motility and the reliability of failure detection schemes,
I.e. predeterminated frequency, predeterminated voltage changing value and preset times determine precision and the real-time of fault detect, meet user's
Different detection demands.
Wherein, corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value is preset respectively according to the different decision cycle, realize for different detections
Period, determine the technique effect of detection threshold value, and then improve the reliability of the fault detect of switch control module.
It is preferable that acquiring unit 302 is additionally operable in any of the above-described technical scheme: after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, obtain
The voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence of bus circuit；Determining unit 308 is additionally operable to: according to preset sample frequency and voltage-vs-time distribution
Information determines effective voltage value and obtains initial voltage during lower forceful electric power instruction；Failure detector 300 also includes: the first calculating
Unit 312, for determining sampling instant according to preset sample frequency, in arbitrary sampling instant, calculates effective voltage value and initial
Voltage difference between voltage；First computing unit 312 is additionally operable to: to the corresponding voltage difference of all sampling instants judging the cycle
Value is weighted suing for peace, using the result of weighted sum as voltage change.Obtained within first judgement cycle is initial
Voltage can be as the initial voltage in follow-up judgement cycle, but preferably, determining unit is additionally operable to: in the first computing unit
After completing the calculating of voltage change, using the active voltage of the last sampling in upper one judgement cycle as the next judgement cycle
Initial voltage, that is, initial voltage be continuously updated.
In this technical scheme, by calculating the voltage difference between effective voltage value and initial voltage, to the judgement cycle
The corresponding voltage difference of all sampling instants be weighted sue for peace, using the result of weighted sum as voltage change, can
Improve the precision of breakdown judge, improve the reliability of accumulator failure detection and the experience of user.
It is preferable that acquiring unit 302 is additionally operable in any of the above-described technical scheme: under obtain, forceful electric power instruction is initial
From moment, obtain the voltage of the bus circuit of initial time, be denoted as initial voltage；Acquiring unit 302 is additionally operable to: from initial time
Play timing to specifying the moment, obtain the voltage of the bus circuit specifying the moment, be denoted as sample voltage value；Failure detector 300
Also include: the second computing unit 314, for calculating the voltage difference between initial voltage and sample voltage value；Second calculates list
Unit 314 is additionally operable to: the voltage difference between initial voltage and sample voltage value is defined as voltage change.
In this technical scheme, by timing from initial time to specifying the moment, obtain the bus circuit specifying the moment
Voltage, be denoted as sample voltage value, calculate the voltage difference between initial voltage and sample voltage value, by initial voltage and sampling
Voltage difference between magnitude of voltage is defined as voltage change, can improve fault detection efficiency, namely only samples the specified moment
Magnitude of voltage and initial time magnitude of voltage between value of delta bus_vol (t+ δ t), without the voltage to multiple time intervals
Difference is weighted suing for peace, and efficiently reduces amount of calculation data pressure, improves the reliability of fault detect.
It is preferable that also including in any of the above-described technical scheme: transmitting element 318, for determining described on-off control
During module failure, send fault cues information.
In this technical scheme, by sending the fault cues information of generation, on the one hand, can be by above-mentioned fault cues
Information is sent to the mobile terminal of association, on the other hand, above-mentioned fault cues information can be sent to power side, force power-off
To guarantee electrical safety, another further aspect, above-mentioned fault cues information can be sent to server, so that research staff carries out skill
Art is improved and accident analysis.
Wherein, acquiring unit 302 connects to key socket, turns round to lower forceful electric power position in key or pops out key socket
When, it is judged as lower forceful electric power instruction, memory element 310 can be the storage device such as rom, ram or eprom, and transmitting element 318 is permissible
It is antenna, radio-frequency module, wi-fi module, bluetooth module or cellular data communication module, signal generating unit 316 connects and carries to middle control
Show interface, motor and transmitting element 318, detector unit 304, recording unit 306, determining unit 308, the first computing unit
312 and second computing unit 314 be integrated in motor control unit or main control module.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic block diagram of accumulator cell assembly according to an embodiment of the invention, and this accumulator cell assembly includes
Each unit in Fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6, accumulator cell assembly according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising: hardware load (high pressure adnexa) 500
Driving interface 502 connects to accumulator body 504, it is true that motor 512 is also a kind of hardware load, in order to clearly exist
In figure is separately shown.It is in series with switch control module 506 between the bus circuit of accumulator body 504 and driving interface 502；Electricity
Pond management module (i.e. bms508), connects to accumulator body 504, for the closure state of controlling switch control module 506；Main
Control module (including vms etc.), connects to battery management module (i.e. bms508) and accumulator body 504, for being connect according to driving
Mouthfuls 502 voltage change and predeterminated voltage changing value determine switch control module 506 whether fault.Wherein, bms508,
Mcu510 and hardware load 500 can use as the acquiring unit in Fig. 5, and the other units in Fig. 5 can be integrated in master
Exist, thus realizing each step in above-mentioned fault detection method in control module or as single functional unit.
In this technical scheme, by setting accumulator body 504, battery management module in accumulator cell assembly (i.e.
Bms508) and main control module (including vms etc.), and the voltage change according to driving interface 502 and predeterminated voltage changing value true
Determine switch control module 506 whether fault, battery management module (i.e. bms508) redundant sensor to accumulator cell assembly
When electric power detection fault (for example the current value and/or magnitude of voltage of accumulator cell assembly being detected) or contact were lost efficacy, still can have
Effect judges the fault of switch control module 506 in time, while not lifting production cost and maintenance cost, improves electric power storage
The reliability of pond fault detect and the experience of user.
Wherein, motor vehicles central control system including vms for the main control module.
It is preferable that also including in technique scheme: motor control unit (i.e. mcu510), it is connected to driving interface
Between 502 and main control module (including vms etc.), for detecting the voltage change of driving interface 502.
In this technical scheme, it is connected to driving interface 502 and master control by arranging motor control unit (i.e. mcu510)
Between module (including vms etc.), for detecting the voltage change of driving interface 502, at battery management module (i.e. bms508)
During fault, still effectively can judge the fault of switch control module 506 in time, improve accumulator failure detection reliability and
The experience of user.
It is preferable that also including in any of the above-described technical scheme: memory module, connect and (include vms to main control module
Deng), for storing predeterminated voltage changing value.
It is preferable that also including in any of the above-described technical scheme: communication module, connect and (include vms to main control module
Deng), for when main control module (including vms etc.) determines switch control module 506 fault, sending the fault cues letter of generation
Breath.
In this technical scheme, by arranging communication module, and send fault cues information, on the one hand, can be by fault
Information is sent to the user terminal 516 of association, on the other hand, fault cues information can be sent to motor 512
Or other hardware load 500, force power-off to guarantee electrical safety, another further aspect, can send fault cues information
To server, so that research staff carries out technological improvement.
It is preferable that also including in any of the above-described technical scheme: can bus, it is connected to main control module (including vms etc.)
And battery management module (i.e. bms508) between, for the closure state of switch control module 506 is transmitted to main control module (bag
Include vms etc.).
It is preferable that can bus is also attached to main control module (including vms etc.) and motor in any of the above-described technical scheme
Between control unit (i.e. mcu510), for voltage change is transmitted to main control module (including vms etc.).
It is preferable that switch control module 506 includes in any of the above-described technical scheme: reminding module, connect to master control mould
Block (including vms etc.), for when main control module (including vms etc.) determines switch control module 506 fault, generating on-off control
Module corresponding fault cues information.
In this technical scheme, by arranging reminding module, and when determining switch control module 506 fault, in middle control
Switch control module corresponding fault cues information is generated in prompting interface 514, intuitively will corresponding for switch control module event
Barrier information is prompted to user, improves the experience of user.
Switch control module 506 includes multiple embodiments:
Example one:
First relay, be arranged at the cathode output end of accumulator body 504 and driving interface 502 electrode input end it
Between；Second relay, is arranged between the cathode output end of accumulator body 504 and the negative input of driving interface 502.
Example two:
The contact point of the contact point of the positive terminal of bus circuit and negative terminal adopts two groups of same relay to touch
Point.
It is preferable that hardware load is included in air condition with camion, vehicle-mounted fan and electromotor in any of the above-described technical scheme
At least one.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic block diagram of motor vehicles according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 6, motor vehicles 600 according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising: as described in any of the above-described technical scheme
Failure detector 602；Or the accumulator cell assembly 604 as described in any of the above-described technical scheme.Motor vehicles 600 can adopt
Above-mentioned fault detection method detects to the sintering of switch control module or adhesion fault, thus possesses higher safety.
In this technical scheme, by detecting the voltage change of bus circuit, and judge voltage change and default electricity
The magnitude relationship of pressure changing value, and then judge switch control module whether fault, bms redundant sensor to accumulator cell assembly
Electric power detection fault (for example the current value and/or magnitude of voltage of accumulator cell assembly being detected) or contact lost efficacy when, still may be used
Effectively judge the fault of switch control module in time, improve the reliability of accumulator failure detection and the use body of user
Test.
It is preferable that motor vehicles are pure electric motor vehicle, Fuel cell electric motor-car or mixing in technique scheme
Engine motor-car.
Technical scheme is described in detail above in association with accompanying drawing it is contemplated that how to design a kind of new fault detect
Scheme is to improve the technical problem of the reliability of accumulator failure detection.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of new fault detect
Scheme, by detecting the voltage change of bus circuit, and judges the magnitude relationship of voltage change and predeterminated voltage changing value,
And then judge switch control module whether fault, bms redundant sensor to the electric power detection fault of accumulator cell assembly (for example
The current value and/or magnitude of voltage of accumulator cell assembly is detected) or contact lost efficacy when, still can effectively in time judge switch control
The fault of molding block, improves the reliability of accumulator failure detection and the experience of user.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of fault detection method is it is characterised in that include:
After forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, obtain the voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module；
Detect whether described voltage change is less than predeterminated voltage changing value according to predeterminated frequency；
Record the number of times that described voltage change is less than described predeterminated voltage changing value；
When described number of times is detected more than or equal to preset times, determine described switch control module fault,
Wherein, described lower forceful electric power instructs for controlling described switch control module to disconnect.
2. fault detection method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that after forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, obtain series connection
There is the voltage change of the bus circuit of switch control module, specifically include following steps:
After obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, detect in multiple acquiring units with the presence or absence of described acquired in a certain acquiring unit
The voltage of bus circuit belongs to threshold voltage ranges corresponding with this acquiring unit, if it is, calculate this acquiring unit being obtained
The voltage change of the described bus circuit taking, if it is not, then the voltage of described bus circuit is labeled as a default value.
3. fault detection method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described acquiring unit includes bms, mcu, hardware
Load one of or multiple.
4. the fault detection method according to Claims 2 or 3 is it is characterised in that voltage labelling in described bus circuit
During for default value, directly determine described switch control module fault.
5. fault detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 4 is it is characterised in that described number of times is accumulation time
During number, described preset times are preset cumulative number of times；Or described number of times is when being read-around ratio, described preset times are default continuous
Number of times.
6. fault detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 5 is it is characterised in that obtaining described lower forceful electric power
Before instruction, also include:
Arrange and store arbitrary judgement week that described predeterminated frequency, preset times and described predeterminated frequency determine according to user instruction
Phase corresponding predeterminated voltage changing value.
7. fault detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 6 it is characterised in that under acquisition forceful electric power instruction
Afterwards, obtain the voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module, specifically include following steps:
After obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain the voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence of described bus circuit；
Effective voltage value is determined according to preset sample frequency and described voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence and obtains described lower forceful electric power instruction
When initial voltage；
Sampling instant is determined according to described preset sample frequency, in arbitrary described sampling instant, calculate described effective voltage value and
Voltage difference between described initial voltage；
The corresponding voltage difference of all described sampling instant in one judgement cycle is weighted sue for peace, is asked with described weighting
The result of sum is as described voltage change.
8. fault detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 6 it is characterised in that under acquisition forceful electric power instruction
Afterwards, obtain the voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module, specifically further comprising the steps of:
From obtaining the initial time of described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain the voltage of the bus circuit of described initial time, be denoted as just
Beginning voltage；
From described initial time, timing, to specifying the moment, obtains the voltage of the bus circuit in described specified moment, is denoted as sampling
Magnitude of voltage；
Calculate the voltage difference between described initial voltage and described sample voltage value；
Voltage difference between described initial voltage and described sample voltage value is defined as described voltage change.
9. the fault detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 6 it is characterised in that
After forceful electric power instruction under acquisition, obtain the voltage change of the bus circuit being in series with switch control module, specifically include
Following steps:
After obtaining described lower forceful electric power instruction, obtain the voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence of described bus circuit；
Effective voltage value is determined according to preset sample frequency and described voltage-vs-time distributed intelligence and obtains described lower forceful electric power instruction
When initial voltage；
Sampling instant is determined according to described preset sample frequency, in arbitrary described sampling instant, calculate described effective voltage value and
Voltage difference between described initial voltage；
The corresponding voltage difference of all described sampling instant in first judgement cycle is weighted sue for peace, with described weighting
The result of summation is as described voltage change；
The effective voltage value that the last in upper one judgement cycle is sampled is as the initial voltage in next judgement cycle.
10. fault detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 9 is it is characterised in that also include:
When determining described switch control module fault, send fault cues information.
11. a kind of carry out the motor-driven of fault detect using the fault detection method as described in any one of claim 1-10
Car.
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| CN112277646A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-01-29 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Power battery high-voltage connector fault detection method and device and automobile |
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