CN106369193A

CN106369193A - direct-acting solenoid valve and four-way switching valve using the same as guide valve

Info

Publication number: CN106369193A
Application number: CN201610574400.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 木船仁志; 森田纪幸
Original assignee: Fujikoki Corp
Current assignee: Fujikoki Corp
Priority date: 2015-07-21
Filing date: 2016-07-20
Publication date: 2017-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 2036-07-20
Also published as: JP6530991B2; JP2017025986A; CN106369193B

Abstract

The invention provides a direct-acting solenoid valve and a four-way switching valve using the same as a guide valve. The direct-acting solenoid valve and te four-way switching valve using the same as a guide valve do not need two big drop compressor frequency to effectively reduce noise and perform fast switching. According to voltage applied on an electromagnetic coil (51) of a direct-acting solenoid valve, a first plunger (61) and a second plunger (62) are respectively positioned in an attraction position and a non-attraction position.A valve core (71) which is in linkage is positioned in a first end position communicating a port (p1) and a port (p2) and is on the other end position communicating a port (p3) and a port (p4); a second valve core is positioned in an opening position of the opening port (p4) and in a closing position of the closing port (p4); during the switching process from a defrosting operation to a heating operation, the second valve core (72) is positioned in an opening position, pressure of a main valve chamber is reduced to preset pressure.

Description

Direct-acting electromagnetic valve and the four-way switching valve possessing as guide valve

Technical field

The present invention relates to being used for the four-way switching of the guide type of stream switching among a kind of heat pump type refrigerating heating system etc. Valve, in particular to the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of the noise occurring during the operating switching being effectively reduced before and after defrosting operating, with And the four-way switching valve possessing as guide valve.

Background technology

In general, the heat pump type refrigerating heating system such as room conditioning, air conditioning for automobiles, except possessing compressor, outdoor heat Outside exchanger, indoor heat converter and expansion valve etc., it is also equipped with cutting as the four-way of stream (flow direction) switching part Change valve.

Reference picture 24a, Figure 24 b is carried out to an example of the heat pump type refrigerating heating system possessing this four-way switching valve Simple declaration.The heat pump type refrigerating heating system 200 of illustrated example, is formed through the four-way switching valve as flow channel switching valve 240, to carry out the switching of cooling operation (and defrosting operating) and warming operation, substantially possess compressor 210, outdoor heat exchange Device 220, indoor heat converter 230 and expansion valve 260, in exhaust end and suction side, the outdoor heat converter of compressor 210 Between 220 and indoor heat converter 230, configuration has 4 ports, namely exhaust end high pressure port d, outside in-out end Mouth c, the four-way switching valve 240 of indoor turnover port e and suction side low-pressure port s.

Connected by the stream of the formation such as conduit (pipeline) between each above-mentioned machine, in cooling operation, such as scheme Shown in 24a, exhaust end high pressure port d of four-way switching valve 240 is connected with outside turnover port c, in addition, indoor in-out end Mouth e is connected with suction side low-pressure port s.With this, cold-producing medium is inhaled into compressor 210, and the high temperature from compressor 210 The cold-producing medium of high pressure is directed to outdoor heat converter 220 by four-way switching valve 240, there carries out heat friendship with outdoor air Change and condense, become the two phase refrigerant of high pressure and be directed to expansion valve 260.High-pressure refrigerant is reduced pressure by this expansion valve 260, Low pressure refrigerant after decompression is directed to indoor heat converter 230, there carry out heat exchange (refrigeration) with room air and Evaporation, is returned to compressor 210 from the cold-producing medium of the low-temp low-pressure of indoor heat converter 230 by four-way switching valve 240 Suction side.

On the other hand, in warming operation, as shown in Figure 24 b, exhaust end high pressure port d of four-way switching valve 240 and room Inner side turnover port e connection, in addition, outside turnover port c is connected with suction side low-pressure port s, the cold-producing medium of High Temperature High Pressure It is directed to indoor heat converter 230 from compressor 210, there carries out heat exchange (heating) with room air and condense, become Become the two phase refrigerant of high pressure and be directed to expansion valve 260.High-pressure refrigerant is reduced pressure by this expansion valve 260, low after decompression Compression refrigerant is directed to outdoor heat converter 220, there carries out heat exchange with outdoor air and evaporates, from outdoor heat exchange The cold-producing medium of the low-temp low-pressure of device 220 is returned to the suction side of compressor 210 by four-way switching valve 240.

In this warming operation, in the past, as needed (usually regularly), for will be attached to outdoor heat converter 220 On frost remove (thawing), in short time by the circulation contrary with this warming operation, namely by with cooling operation identical Circulate and make refrigerant cycle, so that outdoor heat converter 220 is generated heat and carry out defrosting operating, this defrosting operating is extensive again after terminating Arrive warming operation again.

But, when switching to defrosting operating from warming operation when switching (stream), port that high-pressure refrigerant flows into from Indoor turnover port e switches to outside turnover port c, when defrosting operating switches to warming operation, high-pressure refrigerant stream The port entering switches to indoor turnover port e from opposite to that outside turnover port c.Then, in this switching, two ends The aperture area of mouth drastically changes, and the cold-producing medium of high pressure is flowed into the port (conduit) of low-pressure side quickly, in this system There is pressure change drastically in 200, and produce the problem that big noise (switching sound) occurs.

For reducing this noise, in the prior art, for example as disclosed in patent documentation 1,2 etc., in above-mentioned operating During switching, so that compressor is stopped or so that the frequency (revolution) of compressor is gradually lowered, reduce the pressure of high-pressure side and low-pressure side After difference (being reduced to the degree that above-mentioned noise can be allowed), then the switching of (stream) of being operated.

Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 6-247135 publication

Patent documentation 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2003-240391 publication

Content of the invention

But, as described above, when switching to defrosting operating from warming operation, so that compressor is stopped or reduce compression The frequency (revolution) of machine, and although noise can be reduced in the case of being gradually reduced high-pressure side and the pressure differential of low-pressure side, but There is problems in that substantially elongated to the time actually entering required for defrosting operating from warming operation, and, with from defrosting Operate to warming operation switch when same, the high pressure required for the pressure of cold-producing medium returns to needs long-time, and warm air is from room Inside heat exchanger out till need long-time.

The present invention completes in view of the foregoing, its object is to provide a kind of direct-acting electromagnetic valve and is made The four-way switching valve possessing for guide valve, is switching to warming operation to defrosting operating and from defrosting operating from warming operation When it is not necessary to too big reduction compressor frequency, just can be effectively reduced noise, and can carry out from warming operation to defrosting rapidly Operate and from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, direct-acting electromagnetic valve involved in the present invention, substantially formed in the following manner: at one end The outer valve casing being fixed with solenoid in side periphery, from a side start to be sequentially connected in series be configured with attraction part, the first plunger and Second plunger, in the more another side of the second plunger described in the ratio of described valve casing, is provided with master port, and is provided with and has first, 2nd, the valve seat of the third and fourth port, in this valve seat, is to enter the connected state between described first, second, and third port Row switching and to the first valve element being connected to described first plunger linkage in the way of sliding freely, and, be by the described 4th Port is switched and is docked in the way of sliding freely or by can be away from being configured with and described second plunger in the way of close Second valve element of linkage, according to the voltage applying to described solenoid, described first plunger and described first valve element and institute State the second plunger and described second valve element is respectively at multiple positions.

In preferred embodiment, direct-acting electromagnetic valve is to be formed in the following manner: side periphery is outer at one end It is fixed with the valve casing of solenoid, start to be sequentially connected in series to be configured with from a side and attract part, be made up of collapse coil spring First spring, the first plunger, the second spring being made up of collapse coil spring and the second plunger, and, for stoping described first Plunger and described second plunger move to another side and are provided with the first locating part and the second locating part, in the ratio institute of described valve casing State the more another side of the second plunger, be provided with high pressure and import port, and be provided with there is first, second, and third port and the 4th The valve seat of port, in this valve seat, be the connected state between described first, second, and third port is switched over and with slide Mode freely is to being connected to by the first valve element of the slidingtype of described first plunger push-and-pull, and, is to enter described 4th port Row switch and to being connected to by the second valve element of the slidingtype of described second plunger push-and-pull or with can be remote in the way of sliding freely It is configured with the second valve element of hoisting type from close mode, according to the voltage applying to described solenoid, described first plunger It is respectively at attraction position and non-attraction position with described second plunger, described first valve element is linked with described first plunger and locates In the end position making described first port connect with described second port and make described second port and described 3rd port Connection another end position, and, described second valve element with described second plunger link and be in and described 4th port opened Open position and the closed position that is turned off.

In preferred embodiment, in a side of the described attraction part of described valve casing, it is configured with permanent magnet.

In specific embodiment still more preferably, direct-acting electromagnetic valve is formed in the following manner: to described electricity In the state of magnetic coil stops energising, by the force of described first spring and described second spring, described first plunger is in Abut the non-attraction position of locking with described first locating part, and, described second plunger is in and is supported with described second locating part Connect the non-attraction position of locking, with this, described first valve element is in described another end position, and, described second valve element is in Described closed position, in this condition, if to described solenoid apply first voltage, described first plunger still in institute State the non-attraction position that the first locating part abuts locking, described second plunger is resisted the force of described second spring and is in institute State the near attraction position of the first plunger layback, with this, described first valve element is still in described another end position, described second valve element It is in described open position, in this condition, if applying the second voltage higher than described first voltage to described solenoid, Described first plunger is resisted the force of described first spring and is in by the described attraction position attracting part to further, but described the Still in described attraction position, with this, described first valve element is in a described end position to two plungers, and, described second valve element Still in described open position, in this condition, if stopping energising to described solenoid, described first plunger passes through described The magnetic force of permanent magnet is still maintained at described attraction position, and described second plunger is returned by the force of described second spring To described non-attraction position, with this, still in a described end position, described second valve element is returned to described described first valve element Closed position.

In other preferred embodiments, direct-acting electromagnetic valve is formed in the following manner: to described electromagnetic wire Circle stops energising, described first plunger is still maintained at described attraction position and described the by the magnetic force of described permanent magnet In the state of two plungers are also still in described non-attraction position, if apply higher than described first voltage by the to described solenoid Two voltages, then described first plunger be still maintained at described attraction position, described second plunger resists applying of described second spring Power and be in the near attraction position of described first plunger layback, with this, described first valve element is still in a described end position, institute State the second valve element and be in described open position, afterwards, if applying opposite polarity tertiary voltage to described solenoid, described The magnetic force of permanent magnet is cancelled, and described first plunger is returned to described non-attraction potential by the force of described first spring Put, and, described second plunger is returned to described non-attraction position by the force of described second spring, with this, described First valve element is returned to described another end position, and, described second valve element is returned to described closed position.

On the other hand, a four-way switching valve involved in the present invention, is used in heat pump type refrigerating heating system For switching the four-way switching valve of the slidingtype of cold-producing medium flow direction, this heat pump type refrigerating heating system is can freezing Operating, warming operation and in cooling operation by cold-producing medium to the defrosting operating that equidirectional flows carry out selection mode and Formed it is characterised in that in the following manner constitute: possess the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of said structure as guide valve, and have The four-way valve body of standby cylinder type, in this four-way valve body, starts to be configured with the first operating room, the first work successively from a side Plug, main valve chamber, second piston, the second operating room, are provided with, in described main valve chamber, the exhaust end being connected with the exhaust end of compressor high Pressure side mouth, and be provided with main valve seat, in the valve seat of this main valve seat, is started to be sequentially provided with from a side and is connected with outdoor heat converter The suction side low-pressure port that is connected with the suction side of described compressor of outside turnover port and and indoor heat converter The indoor turnover port connecting, and in the mode that slides freely to being connected to section for the bowl-shape main valve plug that stands upside down, this main valve plug Can selectively be in and open and make described suction side low-pressure port and described indoor to enter described outside turnover port The refrigeration position of exit port connection and described suction side low-pressure port and described is opened and made in described indoor turnover port The heating position of outside turnover port connection, the described high pressure of described direct-acting electromagnetic valve imports port and described exhaust end height Pressure side mouth connects, and described first port is connected with described first operating room, described second port and described suction side low-pressure port Connect, described 3rd port is connected with described second operating room, and, described 4th port is with described suction side low-pressure port even Connect, when switching to defrosting operating when defrosting operating switches to warming operation and from warming operation, make described direct drive type electro Described second valve element of magnet valve is in the open position opening described 4th port, so that the pressure of described main valve chamber is reduced To predetermined pressure.

Another four-way switching valve involved in the present invention, be used in heat pump type refrigerating heating system for switching The revolving four-way switching valve of cold-producing medium flow direction, this heat pump type refrigerating heating system is can be by cooling operation, heating Operate and in cooling operation, cold-producing medium is carried out the mode of selection to the defrosting operating that equidirectional flows and formed, its It is characterised by, constitute in the following manner: possess the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of said structure as guide valve, and possess main valve, should Main valve has: the main valve case of the tubular of graduation main valve chamber；Rotatably configure the main valve plug in described main valve chamber；With And for make that described main valve plug rotates, that there is the variable volume selectively importing high-pressure refrigerant or discharging first Operating room and the actuator of the second operating room, are provided with, in described main valve case, the exhaust end high-pressure side being connected with the exhaust end of compressor The suction side low-pressure end that the outside turnover port that mouth is connected with outdoor heat converter is connected with the suction side of described compressor Mouth and the indoor turnover port being connected with indoor heat converter, by controlling high-pressure refrigerant to described first operating room Importing with described second operating room or discharge and so that described main valve plug is rotated, are carried out the switching between communications ports, are entered with this Row from refrigeration or defrosting operating to warming operation and from warming operation to refrigeration or defrosting operating switching, described Direct Action Type The described high pressure of electromagnetic valve imports port and is connected with described exhaust end high pressure port, described first port and described first operating room Connect, described second port is connected with described suction side low-pressure port, and described 3rd port is connected with described second operating room, and And, described 4th port is connected with described suction side low-pressure port, when defrosting operating switches to warming operation and from confession Warm operating to defrosting operating switch when, so that described second valve element of described direct-acting electromagnetic valve is in and described 4th port opened Open position, enable the pressure of described main valve chamber to be reduced to predetermined pressure.

Four-way switching valve structure in the following manner involved in the present invention, that direct-acting electromagnetic valve is possessed as guide valve Become: when switching to defrosting operating when defrosting operating switches to warming operation and from warming operation, make direct-acting electromagnetic valve The second valve element in an open position, make the pressure of main valve chamber be gradually lowered to predetermined pressure, so, from warming operation to removing Frost operates and it is not necessary to the too big frequency reducing compressor is it becomes possible to reduce high pressure when defrosting operating switches to warming operation Side and the pressure differential of low-pressure side, therefore, it is possible to be effectively reduced noise, and can shorten the pressure of cold-producing medium return to required High pressure and time of needing, with as it does so, can shorten from warming operation to the time entering required for defrosting operating and warm air Time till indoor heat converter is out.

Like this, according to the present invention, among heat pump type refrigerating heating system, noise can be reduced promptly Carry out from warming operation to defrosting operating and from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation, along with it is not necessary to involved by the present invention And direct-acting electromagnetic valve beyond electromagnetic valve, so based on fairly simple structure, cooling operation, warming operation can be carried out And defrosting operating, it is possible to reduce setup cost and component costs.

Further, permanent magnet is set in direct-acting electromagnetic valve and is formed as the electromagnetic valve of self maintenance, so, in system During blowdown firing (during defrosting operating) and during warming operation, the energising to solenoid can be stopped, being capable of save energy with this.

Problem than that described above, structure and action effect, can be able to clearly by embodiments below.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of (during defrosting operating) during the cooling operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system, this heat Pump type refrigeration and heating system assembles have and have direct-acting electromagnetic valve first embodiment involved in the present invention as guide valve Standby slidingtype four-way switching valve.

Fig. 2 is the attaching of (during defrosting operating) during the cooling operation of four-way valve body representing four-way switching valve shown in Fig. 1 The profile of partial plan layout.

Fig. 3 be represent four-way switching valve shown in Fig. 1 as guide valve, first embodiment direct-acting electromagnetic valve system The amplification profile of the subsidiary partial plan layout of (during defrosting operating) during blowdown firing.

Fig. 4 is that the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing first embodiment (applies to warming operation switching midway from defrosting operating The state of voltage v1) amplification profile.

Fig. 5 is that the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing first embodiment (applies to warming operation switching midway from defrosting operating The state of voltage v2) amplification profile.

Fig. 6 is the amplification profile during direct-acting electromagnetic valve warming operation representing first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is the overall structure figure during warming operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system, and this heat pump type refrigerating heats System assembles have the slidingtype four-way switching valve shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is that the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing first embodiment (applies to defrosting operating switching midway from warming operation The state of voltage v2) amplification profile.

Fig. 9 is to represent the action of heat pump type refrigerating heating system each several part of first embodiment, position, status summary Sequential chart.

Figure 10 is the amplification profile of the mode of texturing 1 of the locating part of the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing first embodiment.

Figure 11 is the amplification profile of the mode of texturing 2 of the locating part of the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing first embodiment.

Figure 12 is to represent that the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of first embodiment does not use the amplification profile of the mode of texturing 3 of permanent magnet Figure.

Figure 13 is (defrosting operating when representing the cooling operation of direct-acting electromagnetic valve second embodiment involved in the present invention When) amplification profile.

Figure 14 a is the amplification stereogram of the first locating part of the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing second embodiment.

Figure 14 b is the profile of the u-u along along Figure 13.

Figure 15 is that the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing second embodiment (applies to warming operation switching midway from defrosting operating The state of voltage v1) amplification profile.

Figure 16 is that the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing second embodiment (applies to warming operation switching midway from defrosting operating The state of voltage v2) amplification profile.

Figure 17 is the amplification profile during direct-acting electromagnetic valve warming operation representing second embodiment.

Figure 18 is that the direct-acting electromagnetic valve representing second embodiment (applies to defrosting operating switching midway from warming operation The state of voltage v2) amplification profile.

Figure 19 a is to represent that the rotary type four-way possessing the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of second embodiment as guide valve is cut Change the one side figure of valve.

Figure 19 b is to represent that the rotary type four-way possessing the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of second embodiment as guide valve is cut Change the upper surface side configuration figure of valve, refrigeration position upper surface side configuration figure and position of heating.

Figure 20 is the overall structure figure of (during defrosting operating) during the cooling operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system, this heat Pump type refrigeration and heating system assembles have possess the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of second embodiment as guide valve rotary four Direction changeover valve (expression be Figure 19 b refrigeration position x-x section).

Figure 21 is the overall structure figure during warming operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system, and this heat pump type refrigerating heats System assembles have the rotary type four-way switching valve possessing the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of second embodiment as guide valve (to represent Be Figure 19 b heating position x-x section).

Figure 22 a is the enlarged fragmentary cross section of the major part of the actuator shown in Figure 19 a.

Figure 22 b is the exploded perspective view of the major part of the motion changing mechanism shown in Figure 22 a.

Figure 23 is to represent the action of heat pump type refrigerating heating system each several part of second embodiment, position, status summary Sequential chart.

Figure 24 a is (and during defrosting operating) system during an example the, cooling operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system The schematic arrangement figure of cryogen flowing.

The simple knot of cold-producing medium flowing when Figure 24 b represents an example the, warming operation of heat pump type refrigerating heating system Composition.

Label declaration

1: four-way switching valve (first embodiment)；2: four-way switching valve (second embodiment)；10: four-way valve body； 11: cylinder part；12: main valve chamber；14: main valve seat；15: main valve plug；21: first piston；22: second piston；31: the first work Room；32: the second operating rooms；50: direct-acting electromagnetic valve (first embodiment)；51: solenoid；53: permanent magnet；55: attract Part；56: the first springs；57: second spring；60: valve chamber；61: the first plungers；62: the second plungers；64: contact blocking member； 65: limiting component；70: valve seat；71: the first valve elements；72: the second valve elements；75: the first valve element keepers；76: the second valve elements keep Part；P1: first port；P2: second port；P3: the three port；P4: the four port；P10: high pressure imports port (master port)；# 1: the first tubule；#2: the second tubule；#3: the three tubule；#4: the four tubule；#10: high pressure tubule；80: direct-acting electromagnetic valve (second embodiment)；82: the second valve elements；105: main valve；107: actuator；110: main valve case；110a: upside valve seat；110b: Downside valve seat；111: the first operating rooms；112: the second operating rooms；113: lower port；114: upper port；115: main valve chamber； 120: main valve plug；121: ground floor part；122: second layer part；123: third layer part；124: the four layers of part；130a: Upper shaft portion；130b: downside shaft；131: the first access；132: the second access；133: third connecting road；134: 4th access；152: lower surface occlusion component；153: upper surface occlusion component；154: keyway；155: operating room；158: motion Mapping device；160: pressurized moving body；162: sealing gasket；163: work pin；165: rotate driving body；172: ball；175: spiral shell Spin slot；176: rotate and drive axle portion；177: rotate and pass on mechanism；D: exhaust end high pressure port；S: suction side low-pressure port；C: room Outside turnover port；E: indoor turnover port；200: heat pump type refrigerating heating system；210: compressor；220: outdoor heat is handed over Parallel operation；230: indoor heat converter；260: expansion valve.

Specific embodiment

Hereinafter, referring to the drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.

[first embodiment]

Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of (during defrosting operating) during the cooling operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system, this heat Pump type refrigeration and heating system assembles have and have direct-acting electromagnetic valve first embodiment involved in the present invention as guide valve Standby slidingtype four-way switching valve, Fig. 2 is (the defrosting during cooling operation of four-way valve body representing four-way switching valve shown in Fig. 1 During operating) subsidiary partial plan layout profile, Fig. 3 be represent four-way switching valve shown in Fig. 1 as guide valve, first The amplification profile of the subsidiary partial plan layout of (during defrosting operating) during the direct-acting electromagnetic valve cooling operation of embodiment.

In addition, in this manual, the statement in the position such as top to bottom, left and right, front and rear and direction is in order to avoid explanation becomes Loaded down with trivial details facilitating with reference to the accompanying drawings and additional, do not imply that position in heat pump type refrigerating heating system for the actual assembled and direction.

In addition, in the various figures, for invention easy to understand, in addition to being easy to draw, have between being formed between part Spacing distance between gap and part etc., becomes situation that is big or diminishing and describe compared with the size of each component parts.

Heat pump type refrigerating heating system 200 shown in Fig. 1 possesses: compressor 210；Outdoor heat converter 220；Indoor Thermal is handed over Parallel operation 230；Expansion valve 260；And the four-way switching valve 1 of the guide type of first embodiment of the invention.

The four-way switching valve 1 of present embodiment is the switching valve of slidingtype, substantially possesses: the four-way valve body of cylinder type 10 and the single direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 as guide valve.

[structure of four-way valve body 10]

Four-way valve body 10 has cylinder part 11, in this cylinder part 11, starts to be configured with the first work successively from left end side Room 31, first piston 21, main valve chamber 12, second piston 22 and the second operating room 32.It is to separate bubble-tight for cylinder part 11, Above-mentioned first and second pistons 21,22 any one, cylinder part 11 inner peripheral surface be provided with its peripheral part crimping attach The sealing gasket of spring.

Hermetic be fixed with left end lid part 11a in the left end of cylinder part 11, this left end lid part 11a double as be Stop the locating part of first piston 21 left direction movement, be hermetic fixed with right-hand member lid part in the right-hand member of cylinder part 11 11b, this right-hand member lid part 11b double as the locating part for stoping second piston 22 right direction movement.

On the top of above-mentioned main valve chamber 12, be provided with being connected with compressor 210 exhaust end by conduit, be made up of pipe joint Exhaust end high pressure port d, and, its upper surface is formed as the main valve seat 14 of valve seat by the modes such as soldering and cylinder part 11 Hermetic engage and fix.

In the valve seat of above-mentioned main valve seat 14, start opening successively and have to be connected simultaneously with outdoor heat converter 220 from left end side The suction side that the outside turnover port c being made up of pipe joint is connected with the suction side of compressor 210 and is made up of pipe joint is low The pressure side mouth s and indoor turnover port e being connected with indoor heat converter 230 and being made up of pipe joint.

In addition, in the valve seat of main valve chamber 14, it is sliding freely the bowl-shape main valve plug 15 that stands upside down to being connected to section, this master Valve element 15 has run-track shaped annular sealing surface.

Above-mentioned main valve plug 15 is formed with following forms: can selectively be in refrigeration position (right end position) and heating position Put (left position), this refrigeration position be as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, outside turnover port c is opened and makes suction side low pressure The position that port s connects with indoor turnover port e, this heating position is as shown in Figure 7, beats indoor turnover port e Open and make the position that suction side low-pressure port s connects with outside turnover port c.

Main valve plug 15 in addition to movement, the surface of any two (c and s, s and e) among port c, s, e, this When, the high-pressure refrigerant that main valve plug 15 is directed to main valve chamber 12 is pressed down on and is crimped with valve seat.

First piston 21 and second piston 22, by the main connector 25 of the rectangular plate-like of growing crosswise as shown in Fig. 2 plane graph And can integrally be movably attached, it is formed with the main opening 25a of round rectangle in main connector 25, main valve plug 15 is from downside with cunning Dynamic mode freely is entrenched in this main opening 25a, and main valve plug 15 is formed with following forms: with the first and second pistons 21,22 Reciprocate and by above-mentioned main connector 25 main opening 25a part pressing move, and refrigeration position (right end position) and Come and go between heating position (left position).

In addition, in main connector 25, in the left and right of above-mentioned main opening 25a, being namely in refrigeration position in main valve plug 15 It is located at the position of the substantially surface of above-mentioned outside turnover port c when (right end position), be formed with circular open 25b, and, It is located at the position of the substantially surface of above-mentioned indoor turnover port e when main valve plug 15 is in heating position (left position), It is formed with circular open 25c.

[action of four-way valve body 10]

Hereinafter, the action to the four-way valve body 10 with said structure illustrates.

When main valve plug 15 is in heating position (left position), by direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 described later, if making first Operating room 31 connects with exhaust end high pressure port d, and so that the second operating room 32 is connected with suction side low-pressure port s, then high temperature is high The cold-producing medium of pressure is directed to the first operating room 31, and the cold-producing medium of High Temperature High Pressure is discharged from the second operating room 32, and first The pressure of operating room 31 is changed into higher than the pressure of the second operating room 32, as shown in figure 1, first, second piston 21,22 and main valve Core 15 right direction moves, and second piston 22 abuts locking with right-hand member lid part 11b, and it is (right that main valve plug 15 is in refrigeration position End position).

With this, among refrigeration and heating system 200, cooling operation (defrosting operating) is carried out (describing in detail below).

When being in refrigeration position (right end position) shown in Fig. 1 in main valve plug 15, by direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 described later, If making the second operating room 32 connect with exhaust end high pressure port d, and the first operating room 31 is made to connect with suction side low-pressure port s, Then the cold-producing medium of High Temperature High Pressure is directed to the second operating room 32, and the cold-producing medium of High Temperature High Pressure is arranged from the first operating room 31 Go out, the pressure of the second operating room 32 is changed into higher than the pressure of the first operating room 31, first, second piston 21,22 and main valve plug 15 left directions move, and first piston 21 abuts locking with left end lid part 11a, and main valve plug 15 is in heating position (left end Position).

With this, among refrigeration and heating system 200, warming operation is carried out (describing in detail below).

[structure of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50].

As the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 of guide valve, as shown in Fig. 3 (Fig. 4 to Fig. 6, Fig. 8) enlarged drawing, have outside left end side All outer valve casings 52 being fixed with solenoid 51 and being made up of straight tube, start to be sequentially connected in series configuration from left end side in this valve casing 52 Have the first spring 56 attracting part 55, being made up of collapse coil spring, the first plunger 61, be made up of collapse coil spring the Two springs 57 and the second plunger 62.

The left part of valve casing 52 is sealably engaged on flange (the peripheral section mound attracting part 55 by modes such as welding Portion), in the inner circumferential of this valve casing 52, by soldering, welding, plus the mode such as hoop embed the circle being fixed with the subsidiary ladder of left part inner circumferential The limiting component 65 of tubular, this limiting component 65 has the first locating part 66 stoping the first plunger 61 right direction movement and resistance Only the second locating part 67 of the second plunger 62 right direction movement.In this limiting component 65, its left part becomes the first locating part 66, inner circumferential stepped portion becomes the second locating part 67.

In addition, as the structure of locating part, except by above-mentioned have the first and second locating parts and with valve casing 52 structure respectively The limiting component 65 becoming embeds outside being fixed on the structure of valve casing 52 it is also possible to as shown in Figure 10, such as in valve casing 52 as the Two locating part 67 forms stepped portion, and the limiting component 65 ' being made up of the straight tube of predetermined length, is connected to its right-hand member The state of above-mentioned stepped portion embeds the large diameter portion being fixed on valve casing 52, using the left part of this limiting component 65 ' as first Locating part 66 and constitute, or it is also possible to as shown in figure 11, such as in valve casing 52 as the first and second locating parts 66,67 In two local formation stepped portion.

Attracting on the left of part 55, thicker discoideus permanent magnet 53 is to clip in-between by magnetic metal material structure The plate 54 becoming, and together with one end side plate-like portion of overcoat 58 being groove shape with the section covering solenoid 51, by being screwed into Fixation tightened jointly by bolt 59 to above-mentioned attraction part 55.

Permanent magnet 53 is magnetized to polarity difference in thickness direction, relatively attracts part 55 arranged in series, occurs plunger 61 To the magnetic flux that attraction part 55 layback is near.

First plunger 61 is formed as section convex form, and the second plunger 62 is formed as the protuberance interpolation of above-mentioned first plunger 61 Section concave shape, the first plunger 61 and the second plunger 62 respectively with the first valve element 71 and the second valve element 72 (aftermentioned) with valve casing In 52, axially (along the direction of valve casing 52 centrage l) sliding freely configures.First spring 56 compression is arranged on suction unit Between part 55 and the first plunger 61, the first plunger 61 is exerted a force to attracting the detached direction of part 55, second spring 57 is compressed It is arranged between the first plunger 61 and the second plunger 62, the second plunger 62 is exerted a force to the detached direction of the first plunger 61.

In the large-diameter portion right side of the first plunger 61, for stoping the directly contact of the first plunger 61 and the second plunger 62, change Sentence is talked about, is to be separated some gaps between the two, is pasted with contact blocking member 64 (the contact blocked state reference picture of tabular 4), this contact blocking member 64 is made up of the nonmagnetic substance of synthetic resin etc..In addition, as contacting blocking member 64, not only It is confined to above structure, it would however also be possible to employ the structure of cylindric thing etc. is installed each other in the face having contact probability.

Here, force (assumed load) w1 of the first spring 56 is set as the force (assumed load) than second spring 57 W2 is big.In addition, the air being formed between the outer circumferential side left side of the second plunger 62 and the large-diameter portion right side of the first plunger 61 The gap g1 and the air gap g2 being formed between the inner peripheral surface of the second plunger 62 and the protuberance outer peripheral face of the first plunger 61 adjusts Whole for following forms: compare the air gap g1 of the magnetism loop l1 by above-mentioned the air gap g1, by above-mentioned the air gap The air gap g2 of the magnetism loop l2 of g2 has more magnetic flux lines to pass through.

Hereinafter, for the voltage (energising/stop energising) applying to solenoid 51 and the first plunger 61 and the second plunger Relation between 62 action, position illustrates.

In the initial setting state being energized to solenoid 51, as shown in figure 3, passing through the first spring 56 and second spring 57 Force, the first plunger 61 be in abut with the first locating part 66 locking non-attraction position, and, the second plunger 62 be in Second locating part 67 abuts the non-attraction position of locking.

In this condition, if to solenoid 51 applied voltage v1, as shown in figure 4, the first plunger 61 is still in One locating part 66 abuts the non-attraction position of locking, and the second plunger 62 is resisted the force of second spring 57 and is in the first plunger The near attraction position of 61 laybacks (is prevented from by contacting its directly contact of blocking member 64).

In this condition, if applying the voltage v2 higher than voltage v1 to solenoid 51, as shown in figure 5, the first plunger The 61 resistance forces of the first springs 56 and be in attraction (sorption) position being attracted part 55 and furthering, but, the second plunger 62 Stabilize position due to being on magnetism loop, so hardly moving (in this situation, the second plunger from attraction position as shown in Figure 4 62 by near to the first plunger 61 layback from non-attraction position, so referred to as attracting position).

In this condition, if stopping energising to solenoid 51, as shown in fig. 6, passing through the magnetic force of permanent magnet 53, first Plunger 61 is still maintained at attraction (sorption) position, and the second plunger 62 is returned to non-attraction by the force of second spring 57 Position (, this state referred to as no be energized locking (latch) state).

On the other hand, under above-mentioned no energising blocking, if applying the voltage v2 higher than voltage v1 to solenoid 51, Then as shown in figure 8, the first plunger 61 is still maintained at attraction (sorption) position, the second plunger 62 resists the force of second spring 57 And be in the near attraction position of the first plunger 61 layback.

Afterwards, if applying opposite polarity voltage-v2 to solenoid 51, the magnetic force of permanent magnet 53 is cancelled, and first Plunger 61 is returned to non-attraction position by the force of the first spring 56, and, the second plunger 62 passes through second spring 57 Force and be returned to non-attraction position.

On the other hand, the right-end openings portion of valve casing 52 by welding, soldering, plus hoop etc. mode be hermetic equipped with attached With the lid part 66a of filtration members, this lid part 66a has that (high pressure is led for the tubule insert port that imports high-pressure refrigerant Inbound port p10), the region that lid part 66a, the second plunger 62 and valve casing 52 impale becomes valve chamber 60.In valve chamber 60, by gas Close property it is inserted in tubule insert port (high pressure imports port p10), the there is flexibility high pressure tubule #10 of lid part 66a, high The cold-producing medium of warm high pressure is imported into from above-mentioned exhaust end high pressure port d.

In addition, between second plunger 62 and lid part 66a of valve casing 52, hermetic being engaged by modes such as solderings There is valve seat 70, the upper surface of this valve seat 70 is formed as flat valve seat, in the valve seat (upper surface) of this valve seat 70, from left end Side starts, and first port p1, second port p2 and the 3rd port p3 are pre- to separate along the length direction (left and right directions) of valve casing 52 The mode horizontally set successively at fixed interval, and, the 4th port p4 is from separating relatively long distance to the right than above-mentioned 3rd port p3 And arrange, this first port p1 is connected with the first operating room 31 of above-mentioned four-way valve body 10 by the first tubule #1, and this second Port p2 is connected with suction side low-pressure port s by the second tubule #2, and the 3rd port p3 passes through the 3rd tubule #3 and the second work Make room 32 to connect, the 4th port p4 is connected with suction side low-pressure port s by the 4th tubule #4.

And, in the valve seat of valve seat 70, it is by between above-mentioned first port p1, second port p2 and the 3rd port p3 Connected state switches over and to being connected to by slidingtype first valve element 71 of the first plunger 61 push-and-pull in the way of sliding freely, and And, it is that the 4th port p4 is switched and to being connected to by the slidingtype second of the second plunger 62 push-and-pull in the way of sliding freely Valve element 72.

When plane is seen, the first valve element 71 is in oval greatly, and when plane is seen, the second valve element 72 is in by elongated little semiellipse and big Semiellipse shape altogether.

Be provided with recess 71a in the first valve element 71, in addition, being provided with recess 72a in the second valve element 72, this recess 71a have by The size that be located between 3 port p1 to p3 of valve seat 70 valve seat between adjacent port p1-p2, can connect between p2-p3, this is recessed Portion 72a has the size covering the 4th port p4.

Here, among the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 of present embodiment, as described above, according to the electricity applying to solenoid 51 Pressure, the first plunger 61 abuts the non-attraction position engaging and to the near suction of attraction part 55 layback to be in the first locating part 66 Draw the form of position (sorption position) and formed, the second plunger 62 abuts the non-attraction potential of locking to be in the second locating part 67 Put and formed to the near attraction form of position of the first plunger 61 layback, with as it does so, the first valve element 71 and the first plunger 61 Dynamic and be in the left position making first port p1 connect with second port p2 and make second port p2 and the 3rd port p3 company Logical right end position, and, the second valve element 72 linked with the second plunger 62 and is in the open position opening the 4th port p4 And the form of the closed position being turned off and formed.

Specifically, the first plunger 61 by plus hoop etc. mode be fixedly connected with the first valve element keeper 75 left end little The large-diameter portion 75b of footpath portion 75a, the left side halfbody 75a of this first valve element keeper 75 in the way of sliding freely intercalation second Plunger 62, right-hand member plate-like portion 75c of halfbody 75a on the left of this, the base end part of right side halfbody 75b of the first valve element keeper 75 and The base end part of plate-shaped springs 68 is connected by modes such as rivetings together and fixes, and this plate-shaped springs 68 is by the first valve element 71 and second Valve element 72 exerts a force to thickness direction (above-below direction).Near the right-hand member of the right side halfbody 75b of the first valve element keeper 75, formed There is the opening 77 of round rectangle, in this opening 77, can be fitted together in the way of sliding by through-thickness has the first valve element 71.Separately Outward, here, length on width and left and right directions for the opening 77, be formed as with the first valve element 71 in width and left and right Same length on direction.

It is fixedly connected with the left end of the second valve element keeper 76 in above-mentioned second plunger 62 by adding the modes such as hoop, welding Portion, this second valve element keeper 76 configures in the underface of the first valve element keeper 75, and the right-hand member of the second valve element keeper 76 Portion, is formed with closer to right side in the right-hand member side of this second valve element keeper 76 positioned at the right part than the first valve element keeper 75 Elongated round rectangle and be formed with opening 78 with above-mentioned opening 77 same widths, this opening 78 is provided with into width A pair of fastener 79 that side projects.Left part 78a keeping left in the ratio fastener 79 of this opening 78, with left-right direction and thick The mode that can slide in degree direction is fitted together to the first valve element 71.This left part 78a length in the lateral direction, is set as The length that one valve element 71 does not interfere when coming and going in left position and right end position with the movement of the first plunger 61.

In addition, in right part 78b kept right of ratio fastener 79 of opening 78, with left-right direction and thickness direction can The mode slided is fitted together to the second valve element 72, and, to set the size shape of this opening 78 with following forms: in the second plunger When 62 right directions are mobile, the second valve element 72 pressing is moved to right end position by fastener 79, in the second plunger 62 left direction When mobile, the second valve element 72 pressing is moved to left position by the right-hand member of opening 78.

In addition, above-mentioned direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 is arranged on the dorsal part of four-way valve body 10 by installed part 69.

[four-way switching valve 1 comprising direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 is monolithically fabricated and action]

Hereinafter, to the composition of four-way switching valve 1 entirety comprising direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 and refrigeration and heating system 200 and Action illustrates.

Among the four-way switching valve 1 of present embodiment, using the description below as feature: from defrosting operating (cooling operation) To warming operation switch when and when warming operation switches to defrosting operating (cooling operation), make direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 Second valve element 72 is in above-mentioned open position, makes the pressure of the main valve chamber 12 of four-way valve body 10 be gradually lowered to predetermined pressure p1.

So, as shown in figure 1, for controlling solenoid 51 applied voltage to direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50, and set in possessing There are control unit 40 and operation dish (remote control) 42 of microcomputer etc., and, (for example in exhaust end high pressure port d side) possesses for examining Survey the pressure transducer 45 of main valve chamber 12 pressure, control unit 40 is according to the signal obtaining from above-mentioned pressure transducer 45, and detects The reduced pressure of main valve chamber 12 is to above-mentioned predetermined pressure p1.Though in addition, not illustrating, except from aforesaid operations disk 42 or pressure The signal of sensor 45, represents that the signal of the states and action situation etc. such as each several part temperature is also fed with control unit 40, this control Portion 40 processed carries out the control of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 (applied voltage), the control of compressor 210 (revolution), attached according to these signals It is located at control of pressure fan of outdoor heat converter 220 and indoor heat converter 230 etc..

Hereinafter, the sequential chart with reference to Fig. 9 is cut to warming operation to defrosting operating (cooling operation), from defrosting operating successively Change, warming operation, illustrate to the switching of defrosting operating from warming operation.In addition, in the sequential chart of Fig. 9, attached for avoiding Loaded down with trivial details, when to be each several part do not delay for the mechanical action of the change of applied voltage of expression of figure and explanation.

In addition, as described above, in defrosting operating, cold-producing medium to flow with the cooling operation identical cycle, each several part Action, position, state etc. be formed as identical with during cooling operation.In addition, because from cooling operation to the switching of warming operation Frequency and extremely low to the switching frequency of cooling operation from warming operation, is illustrated with defrosting operating as representative below.

[defrosting (refrigeration) operating]

When being defrosted (refrigeration) operating, stop the energising to solenoid 51.With this, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, lead to Cross the force of the first spring 56 and second spring 57, the first plunger 61 is in the non-attraction potential abutting locking with the first locating part 66 Put, and, the second plunger 62 is in the non-attraction position abutting locking with the second locating part 67, with as it does so, at the first valve element 71 In the right end position making second port p2 and the 3rd port p3 connection, and, the second valve element 72 is in and closes the 4th port p4 Closed position.

If it is in the closed position that the first valve element 71 is in right end position, the second valve element 72, the height of compressor 210 exhaust end The cold-producing medium of warm high pressure passes through exhaust end high pressure port d → high pressure tubule #10 → high pressure and imports port p10 → valve chamber 60 → the first Port p1 → the first tubule #1 and be directed to the first operating room 31, and, the high-pressure refrigerant of the second operating room 32 passes through the Recess 71a → second port p2 → the second tubule the #2 of three tubule #3 → the three port p3 → the first valve element 71 and be discharged to suction Enter side low-pressure port s, main valve plug 15 right direction moves and is in refrigeration position (right end position).

With this, the cold-producing medium from the High Temperature High Pressure of compressor 210 passes through exhaust end high pressure port d → main valve chamber 12 → room Outside turnover port c be directed to outdoor heat converter 220, there heat release and condense.Thus, it is attached to outdoor heat converter 220 frost is melted and removes.Condensed high-pressure refrigerant, is directed to expansion valve 260 and reduces pressure, the low pressure system after decompression Cryogen is directed to indoor heat converter 230, there carries out heat exchange with room air and evaporates, from indoor heat converter The cold-producing medium of 230 low-temp low-pressure is returned to by the interior → suction side low-pressure port s of indoor turnover port e → main valve plug 15 The suction side of compressor 210.

[from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation]

When from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation, to solenoid 51 applied voltage v1 (time point t1).With this, As shown in figure 4, the first plunger 61 is still in the non-attraction position abutting locking with the first locating part 66, the second plunger 62 resists the The force of two springs 57 and be in the near attraction position of the first plunger 61 layback, with as it does so, the first valve element 71 is still in above-mentioned Right end position, the second valve element 72 left direction moves and is in above-mentioned open position, and the 4th port p4 is opened.

If the first valve element 71 is in an open position still in right end position, the second valve element 72, the first plunger 61, the first valve Position when core 71 and main valve plug 15 still maintain defrosting (refrigeration) to operate, the high-pressure refrigerant importing to valve chamber 60 passes through the 4th end Mouth p4 → the 4th tubule #4, is discharged to suction side low-pressure port s, the pressure of main valve chamber 12 is gradually lowered.

Then, if the reduced pressure of main valve chamber 12 is to predetermined pressure p1, control unit 40 is according to from pressure transducer 42 Signal detected (time point t2), the voltage applying to solenoid 51 is brought up to the v2 (time point higher than v1 from v1 t2).With this, as shown in figure 5, the second plunger 62 is still in above-mentioned attraction position, the second valve element 72 still in above-mentioned open position, First plunger 61 is in attraction (sorption) position being attracted part 55 and furthering, with as it does so, the first valve element 71 left direction moves, It is in the left position making first port p1 connect with second port p2.

If the second valve element 72 is in left position still in open position, the first valve element 71, compressor 210 exhaust end The cold-producing medium of High Temperature High Pressure passes through exhaust end high pressure port d → high pressure tubule #10 → high pressure and imports port p10 → valve chamber 60 → the Three port p3 → the 3rd tubule #3 and be directed to the second operating room 32, and, the high-pressure refrigerant of the first operating room 31 passes through The recess 71a of the first tubule #1 → first port p1 → the first valve element 71 → second port p2 → the second tubule #2 and be discharged to Suction side low-pressure port s, main valve body 15 left direction moves and locates position (left position) of heating.

In the case of being somebody's turn to do, after just to solenoid 51 applied voltage v2, the pressure of main valve chamber 12 is anxious from predetermined pressure p1 Acute decline, and, to solenoid 51 applied voltage v2 during, due to the second plunger 62 still in above-mentioned attraction position, the Two valve elements 72 are still in above-mentioned open position, so the pressure of main valve chamber 12 further continuous decrease.

Then, if from the time point t2 of applied voltage v2 through the scheduled time, control unit 40 stops to solenoid 51 Energising (time point t3).With this, as shown in fig. 6, the first plunger 61 is become by the magnetic force of permanent magnet 53 remains at above-mentioned suction Draw (sorption) position (be no energized blocking), the first valve element 71 is still in the left side making first port p1 connect with second port p2 End position, main valve plug 15 is returned by the force of second spring 57 still in heating position (left position), the second plunger 62 Return to non-attraction position, with as it does so, because the second valve element 72 is returned to the closed position closing the 4th port p4, so, The pressure of main valve chamber 12 no longer reduces, pressure when time point t3 begins to ramp up common warming operation.

With this, complete the switching to warming operation from defrosting operating, become the warming operation of the blocking that is no energized.

[warming operation]

In warming operation, as shown in fig. 7, the cold-producing medium from the High Temperature High Pressure of compressor 210 passes through exhaust end high pressure Port d → main valve chamber 12 → indoor turnover port e and be directed to indoor heat converter 230, there enter with room air Row heat exchange (heating) and condense, become the two phase refrigerant of high pressure and be directed to expansion valve 260.High-pressure refrigerant is swollen by this Swollen valve 260 reduces pressure, and the low pressure refrigerant after decompression is directed to outdoor heat converter 220, there carries out heat with outdoor air Exchange and evaporate, pass through in outside turnover port c → main valve plug 15 from the cold-producing medium of the low-temp low-pressure of outdoor heat converter 220 → suction side low-pressure port s and be returned to the suction side of compressor 210.

[from warming operation to the switching of defrosting operating]

On the other hand, when from warming operation to the switching of defrosting operating, to solenoid 51 applied voltage v2 (time point t4).With this, as shown in figure 8, the first plunger 61 is still in attracting (sorption) position, the second plunger 62 resists second spring 57 Force and be in the near attraction position of the first plunger 61 layback, with as it does so, the first valve element 71 is still in above-mentioned left position, the Two valve element 72 left direction moves and is in above-mentioned open position, and the 4th port p4 is opened.

If the first valve element 71 is in an open position still in left position, the second valve element 72, the first plunger 61, the first valve Position when core 71 and main valve plug 15 maintenance warming operation, the high-pressure refrigerant importing to valve chamber 60 passes through the 4th port p4 → the Four tubule #4 and be discharged to suction side low-pressure port s, the pressure of main valve chamber 12 is gradually lowered.

Then, if the reduced pressure of main valve chamber 12 is to predetermined pressure p1, control unit 40 is according to from pressure transducer 42 Signal detected (time point t5), opposite polarity voltage one v2 will be applied to solenoid 51.With this, permanent magnet 53 Magnetic force is cancelled, and by the force of the first spring 56 and second spring 57, the first plunger 61 is returned to and the first locating part 66 Abut the non-attraction position of locking, and, the second plunger 62 is returned to the non-attraction potential abutting locking with the second locating part 67 Put, companion is as it does so, the first valve element 71 is in the right end position making second port p2 and the 3rd port p3 connection, and, the second valve element 72 are returned to the closed position closing the 4th port p4.

In the case of being somebody's turn to do, after just to solenoid 51 applied voltage-v2, the pressure of main valve chamber 12 is anxious from predetermined pressure p1 Acute decline, but, the pressure of main valve chamber 12 no longer reduces, when time point t5 begins to ramp up common defrosting (refrigeration) operating Pressure.

If beginning to pass through the scheduled time from time point t5, control unit 40 stops the energising (time point to solenoid 51 t6).With this, complete the switching to defrosting operating from warming operation, become the defrosting (system of no energising as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3 Cold) operating.

[direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 of first embodiment and the effect of four-way switching valve 1]

As from the description above it should be understood that present embodiment direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 is had as guide valve Standby four-way switching valve is constituted with following forms: when defrosting operating switches to warming operation and from warming operation to removing During frost operating switching, make the second valve element 72 of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 in an open position, so that the pressure of main valve chamber 12 is gradually dropped Low to predetermined pressure, so, from warming operation to defrosting operating and when defrosting operating switches to warming operation it is not necessary to too The big frequency reducing compressor 210, it becomes possible to reduce the pressure differential of high-pressure side and low-pressure side, is made an uproar therefore, it is possible to be effectively reduced Sound, and the time that the pressure of cold-producing medium can be shortened to return to required high pressure and need, with as it does so, can shorten from heating fortune Go to the time till indoor heat converter 230 is out of time and warm air entering required for defrosting operating.

Like this, among the heat pump type refrigerating heating system 200 of present embodiment, noise can be reduced fast Carry out fastly from warming operation to defrosting operating and from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation, along with it is not necessary to direct acting Electromagnetic valve beyond formula electromagnetic valve 50, so based on fairly simple structure it becomes possible to carrying out cooling operation, warming operation and removing Frost operating, therefore, it is possible to reduce setup cost and component costs.

Further, permanent magnet 53 is set in direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 and is formed as the electromagnetic valve of self maintenance, so, In cooling operation (during defrosting operating) and during warming operation, can stop being energized to solenoid 51, energy can be saved with this Source.

In addition, the pass of the electromagnetic valve becoming self maintenance in above-mentioned direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 is fastened, due to power failure not Clear first plunger 61 is in being attracted the attraction position of part 55 sorption or non-attraction potential by the magnetic force of permanent magnet 53 When putting, at the beginning of operating restarts, first the first plunger 61 can be in attraction to solenoid 51 applied voltage v2 and (inhale ) position etc., start common operating after grasping its position again and control.

[not using the mode of texturing of permanent magnet in the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 of first embodiment]

Among the above-mentioned embodiment being illustrated based on Fig. 1 to Figure 11, it is that direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 is kept as self The electromagnetic valve (it is, producing no energising blocking) of type, and it is attached to permanent magnet 53, but, as shown in figure 12, and lead to Cross omission permanent magnet (and the plate being made up of magnetic material), and apply the voltage v3 lower than voltage v2 to solenoid 51, The state same with the no energising blocking using above-mentioned permanent magnet can also be produced, this voltage v2 is by the first plunger 61 It is maintained at attraction (sorption) position (the second plunger 62 is returned to non-attraction position by the force of second spring 57) degree Voltage.

In the case of being somebody's turn to do, by adjusting shape, the first spring 56 or the second spring of the first plunger 61 or the second plunger 62 etc. 57 force, and above-mentioned voltage v3 is set as identical with above-mentioned voltage v1, in other words it is also possible to by above-mentioned voltage v3 and upper State voltage v1 as common voltage.

The direct-acting electromagnetic valve of this mode is used as guide valve although needing to solenoid in warming operation 51 normal when applied voltage v3, but anticipation be obtained in that following various effects: the quantity of part can be reduced；Former in power failure etc. Thus voltage be cut off when, the position of the first plunger 61 (being connected to the first valve element 7i of the first plunger 61) can be easily mastered； It is no longer necessary to consider the magnetism balanced design sowing discord voltage (voltage-v2) using first plunger 61 necessary during permanent magnet 53 Deng.

In addition, it is also possible to switch to defrosting operating from warming operation in the direct-acting electromagnetic valve of above-mentioned embodiment When, apply above-mentioned voltage v2 to solenoid 51, make the second valve element 72 be located at open position, by so making the pressure of main valve chamber 12 After power is reduced to predetermined pressure p1, then stop being energized to solenoid 51, so that the first valve element 71 is in second port p2 and The right end position of the 3rd port p3 connection, so expect to be obtained in that the effect of simplied system structure.

[second embodiment]

The four-way switching valve 2 of second embodiment of the invention is rotary type four-way switching valve, substantially possesses main valve 105 He Single direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 as guide valve.Here, the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 of second embodiment is described first, it Afterwards among the rotary type four-way switching valve 2 of the second embodiment shown in Figure 19 a to Figure 22 b using this direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 situation illustrates.

[structure of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80]

With reference to Figure 13 to Figure 18, the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 of second embodiment involved in the present invention is illustrated.

The basic structure of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 of diagram second embodiment and the direct driving type electromagnetic of first embodiment Valve 50 is roughly the same, so paying identical symbol and omit repetition for part corresponding with direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 each several part Explanation, below stress difference.

Among the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 of present embodiment, in valve seat 70, from one end in the same manner as first embodiment It is transversely provided with first port p1, second port p2 and the 3rd port p3 to the other end, the 4th port p4 ' is located at valve seat 70 left end Face.The opening surface of the 4th port p4 ' is formed as taper seat.In addition, being by above-mentioned 4th port p4 ' switch, and in the second plunger 62, the second valve element 82 that valve element portion is the hoisting type being made up of spheroid is connected with by valve rod 83.Second valve element 82 (spheroid) leads to Cross the modes such as soldering and be fixed on valve rod 83.

Second valve element 82 is formed with following forms: links with the second plunger 62, is in and is pressed against as shown in fig. 13 that The conical aperture face of four port p4 ' and be turned off closed position, the conical aperture from the 4th port p4 ' as shown in figure 15 The first open position that face is left, the conical aperture face from the 4th port p4 ' as shown in figure 16 be farther second opening of leaving Position.Here, the first open position and the second open position are all full-gear, but, the first open position can also set Become the suitable aperture turning down than standard-sized sheet.

When being in above-mentioned closed position, the second valve element 82 is pressed against the 4th port by the force of second spring 57 The conical aperture face of p4 '.In other words, the valve seat 70 (left part) being formed with the 4th port p4 ' becomes prevention the second plunger Second locating part 67 of 62 right direction movements.

On the other hand, in this valve casing 52, essentially the same with first embodiment, start to be sequentially connected in series from left end side and be configured with Permanent magnet 53, the plate 54 being made up of magnetic metal material, attract part 55, be made up of collapse coil spring the first spring 56, First plunger 61, the second spring 57 being made up of collapse coil spring and the second plunger 62.

For stoping the first plunger 61 right direction from moving, in the present embodiment, in limiting component 85 as shown in figures 14a Build-in is scheduled on valve casing 52.This limiting component 85 has cylindric body part 85a and two feet portions 85b, 85b, cylindric body Portion 85a is embedded in the part between the second plunger 62 of valve casing 52 and valve seat 70, and by (such as three local) spot welding etc. Mode and engage fixation.The left part of two feet portions 85b, 85b becomes the right-hand member of the large-diameter portion abutting locking the first plunger 61 First locating part 66 of face peripheral part.

In addition, as shown in Figure 13 u-u section representing in Figure 14 b, being formed with break-through two in the peripheral part of the second plunger 62 The groove 62d of individual feet portion 85b, 85b, in addition, in the right-hand member side lower part of cylindric body part 85a, be formed with a left side for valve seat 70 The incised notch portion 85c that side bottom loads.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of the minor diameter part outer peripheral face of the first plunger 61 and the second plunger 62 is formed For the conical surface shape that side diameter reduces to the right.

In addition, in the present embodiment, same with first embodiment, force (assumed load) w1 of the first spring 56 sets Force (assumed load) w2 being set to than second spring 57 is big, but, the air gap g1 is formed as less than first embodiment.

Hereinafter, to the voltage (energising/stop energising) applying to solenoid 51 and the first plunger 61 and the second plunger 62 Action, the relation between position illustrates.

In the initial setting state being energized to solenoid 51, as shown in figure 13, by the first spring 56 and second spring 57 force, the first plunger 61 is in the non-attraction position abutting locking with the first locating part 66, and, the second plunger 62 is in Abut the non-attraction position of locking with the second locating part 67.

In this condition, if to solenoid 51 applied voltage v1, as shown in figure 15, the first plunger 61 still limits with first Position part 66 abuts the non-attraction position of locking, and the second plunger 62 is resisted the force of second spring 57 and is in the first plunger 61 side The the first attraction position (being prevented from by contacting its directly contact of blocking member 64) furthered.

In this condition, if applying the voltage v2 higher than voltage v1, as shown in figure 16, the first plunger to solenoid 51 The 61 resistance forces of the first springs 56 and be in attraction (sorption) position being attracted part 55 and furthering, the second plunger 62 is in ratio Above-mentioned first attracts to be located closer to attract the second attraction position (this puts different from first embodiment) of part 55 side.

In this condition, if stopping energising to solenoid 51, as shown in figure 17, by the magnetic force of permanent magnet 53, the One plunger 61 is still maintained at attraction (sorption) position, and the second plunger 62 is returned to non-suction by the force of second spring 57 Draw position (this state referred to as no be energized to blocking).

On the other hand, under above-mentioned no energising blocking, if applying the voltage v2 higher than voltage v1 to solenoid 51, Then as shown in figure 18, the first plunger 61 is still maintained at attraction (sorption) position, and the second plunger 62 resists applying of second spring 57 Power and be near to the second plunger 62 layback, than the first the second attraction position attracting to be located closer to attract part 55 side.

[composition of the four-way switching valve 2 that direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 is possessed as guide valve]

Hereinafter, reference picture 19a to Figure 22 b, for using the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 of above-mentioned second embodiment as guiding Valve and the rotary type four-way switching valve 2 that possesses illustrate.

Figure 19 a is the one side figure of above-mentioned four-way switching valve 2, and Figure 19 b is upper surface side configuration figure and the confession of refrigeration position The upper surface side configuration figure of warm position, Figure 20 is during the cooling operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system (during defrosting operating) Overall structure figure, this heat pump type refrigerating heating system be assembled with above-mentioned four-way switching valve 2 (expression be Figure 19 b refrigeration position X-x section), Figure 21 is the overall structure figure during warming operation representing heat pump type refrigerating heating system, this heat-pump-type system Cold heating system be assembled with above-mentioned four-way switching valve 2 (expression be Figure 19 b heating position x-x section).

[structure of main valve 105]

The revolving four-way switching valve 2 of this second embodiment has main valve 105, and this main valve 105 has: graduation main valve The main valve case 110 of the tubular of room 115；Rotatably configure the main valve plug 120 in main valve chamber 115；And be used for making Main valve plug 120 rotate, there is the first operating room that the volume selectively importing high-pressure refrigerant or discharging can change 111 and second operating room 112 actuator 107.

Main valve case 110 has: cylindric body part 110c；With by the upper surface open of this body part 110c hermetic The mode of closing and the upside valve seat 110a of relatively thick round plate shape that fixed；And with will be airtight for the lower surface opening of body part 110c Property the mode of ground closing and the downside valve seat 110b of relatively thick round plate shape that fixed, in upside valve seat 110a about sagging be provided with Exhaust end high pressure port d being made up of pipe joint and indoor turnover port e, in downside valve seat 110b about sagging be provided with by Outside turnover port c and suction side low-pressure port s that pipe joint is constituted.Each port is located on same circumference, during vertical view, tells Go out side high pressure port d to configure identical with suction side low-pressure port s with outside turnover port c and indoor turnover port e Position.The upside lower surface of valve seat 110a and the upper surface of downside valve seat 110b become flat and smooth valve seat 117,117.

In addition, before and after the valve seat 110b lower face side of downside, being provided with the main part 150 of actuator 107.

Main valve plug 120 is the first half of short cylindrical shape and the segmenting structure of lower half.Specifically, the first half is by thicker Ground floor part 121 and the second layer part integrally being engaged with this ground floor part 121 lower face side by modes such as welding 122 compositions, lower half is by the third layer part 123 compared with thick round plate shape with by under the modes such as welding and this third layer part 123 Thicker the 4th layer part 124 that face side one engages is constituted.

The shaft 130 of main valve plug 120 is divided into: having can be with the main part (first half, lower half) of main valve plug 120 One action, the upper shaft portion 130a with angle rod portion；Downside shaft 130b；And connect upper shaft portion 130a and Pole 130c, 130c of downside shaft 130b.Upper shaft portion 130a is arranged on the axle in upside valve seat 110a lower surface central authorities Bearing bore 116a is rotationally supported, the dead eye 116b that downside shaft 130b is arranged on the bottom surface central authorities of shrinkage pool rotationally supports, This shrinkage pool is located at downside valve seat 110b lower surface central authorities.

When carrying out stream switching, main valve plug 120 is based on actuator 107 described later by shaft 130 positive and negative two Direction rotates, and is formed as selectively being located at: the refrigeration position as shown in Figure 19 b and Figure 20；And from this refrigeration position Clockwise rotate 60 degree, the heating position as shown in Figure 19 b and Figure 21.

In main valve plug 120, when being in refrigeration position, it is provided with and exhaust end high pressure port d is connected with outside turnover port c The first linear access 131 and indoor turnover port e is linear with what suction side low-pressure port s connected Second access 132, and, when being in heating position, be provided with and exhaust end high pressure port d is connected with indoor turnover port e The third connecting road 133 of u shape and outside turnover port c is connected with suction side low-pressure port s the of u shape Four access 134.

As described above, among the four-way switching valve 2 of present embodiment, by making main valve plug 120 from refrigeration position to suitable Clockwise rotates 60 degree, and and passes through the second access between the port d-c being connected by the first access 131 Between the port e-s that 132 are connected, between the port d-e being connected by third connecting road 133 and by the 4th connection Carry out stream switching between the port c-s that road 134 is connected, turned to counter-clockwise direction from heating position by making main valve plug 120 Move 60 degree and carry out stream switching contrary to the above.

Among the four-way switching valve 2 of such present embodiment constituting, the first access 131 and the second access 132 Thickness (passage diameters) from top to terminal is formed as big with the bore of exhaust end high pressure port d and indoor turnover port e Cause the linear path of identical, cold-producing medium directly flows to underface from exhaust end high pressure port d, indoor turnover port e, So the pressure loss in main valve 105 (main valve plug 120) hardly occurs.In addition, the third connecting road 133 of u shape and The volume of four access 134 is formed as larger, so the pressure loss reduces, stack up can considerably reduce pressure and damage Lose.

[structure of actuator 107]

Hereinafter, reference picture 22a, Figure 22 b, illustrates for the actuator 107 for making main valve plug 120 rotate.

Actuator 107 is using pressure between the high-pressure refrigerant circulating within above-mentioned main valve 105 and low pressure refrigerant The actuator of the fluid pressure type of difference, has a side (rear end side) of the downside valve seat 110b being located at above-mentioned main valve case 110 Main part 150.Main part 150 possesses: cylindric body part 151；Central authorities have the lower surface occlusion component of protuberance 152a 152；Thicker discoideus and as the upper surface occlusion component 153 for seal member and locating part, this body part 151 from Downside valve seat 110b extends downwards, and this lower surface occlusion component 152 is with will be hermetic closed for the lower surface opening of this body part 151 Mode fixed and by plus hoop, this upper surface occlusion component 153 with by body part 151 upper surface open closing in the form of quilt Airtight fixation, the rotation of the pressurized moving body 160 and short cylindrical shape that contain thicker bottomed cylindrical in its operating chamber 55 is driven Kinetoplast 165, this pressurized moving body 160 constitutes motion changing mechanism 158, and this rotation driving body 165 is with this pressurized moving body 160 Move up and down and in the way of relatively rotating in be inserted in this pressurized moving body 160.Move down with pressurized moving body 160 Dynamic, rotate driving body 165 and turn opposite to inside this pressurized moving body 160.

In the periphery lower end of above-mentioned pressurized moving body 160, sealing ring 162 is installed, this sealing ring 162 will be with action Hermetic closed and this operating chamber 155 is hermetic separated into the first work that volume can change between the inner peripheral surface of room 155 Room 111 and the second operating room 112.In addition, action pin 163 is fixed on the periphery of pressurized moving body 160 by modes such as press-ins Portion, this action pin 163 is respectively embedded in about the inner circumferential first half of body part 151 two places and extends in short transverse Keyway 154 in.

By this action pin 163 and keyway 154, pressurized moving body 160 can point-blank move up and down but its rotation is prevented from.

In addition, being provided with for importing to the second operating room 112 or discharging high-pressure refrigerant on the top of main part 150 Portion port 114, and, be provided with for importing to the first operating room 111 or discharging height at its bottom (lower surface occlusion component 152) The lower port 113 of compression refrigerant.

Between the pressurized moving body 160 constituting above-mentioned motion changing mechanism 158 and rotation driving body 165, it is will be pressurized The moving up and down of moving body 160 (linear reciprocating motion) is transformed into the rotational motion of the forward and reverse direction rotating driving body 165, if There are ball 172, the resettlement section 174 of this ball 172 and helicla flute 175.

Specifically, it is provided with multiple (being 2 in present embodiment) balls 172 and its resettlement section in pressurized moving body 160 174, rotate driving body 165, its periphery be provided with the circumferential direction bending one side extend in the vertical direction multiple (being 2 in present embodiment) helicla flute 175.Above-mentioned resettlement section 174, so that a part for this ball 172 is into radial direction Side project state and in a rotatable manner and with essence stop movement state ball 172 is housed, above-mentioned Helicla flute 175 is made up of for the shallow slot of arc-shaped section, and this shallow slot is embedded with prominent inside this resettlement section 174 is to radial direction A part for ball 172 and be in close contact in a rotatable manner with it.

Add hoop in the central authorities of above-mentioned rotation driving body 165 and be fixed with rotation driving axle portion 176, this rotation drives axle portion 176 With this rotation driving body 165 unitary rotation.Rotate and drive axle portion 176 to possess: the bottom eccentric part fixing with rotating driving body 165 176a；Support the big footpath pars intermedia 176b of the subsidiary ladder in upper surface occlusion component 153 in a rotatable manner；To rotate Mode freely is supported in hinge portion 176c dead eye 119, that diameter is little located at downside valve seat 110b lower face side.Separately Outward, it is equiped with o type circle 159 between the medium pore and the big footpath pars intermedia 176b of subsidiary ladder of upper surface occlusion component 153.

Here, rotating the pivot center q, the pivot center o with main valve plug 120 of driving body 165 (rotate and drive axle portion 176) It is arranged in parallel, drive between axle portion 176 and the downside shaft 130b of main valve plug 120 rotating, be provided with and will rotate driving body 165 The rotation of (rotate and drive axle portion 176) is communicated to main valve plug 120, rocker-arm rotation and passes on mechanism 177.

Under such composition, if high-pressure refrigerant is imported to the first operating room 111 by lower port 113, and pass through Upper port 114 discharges high-pressure refrigerant from the second operating room 112, due to first operating room 111 compared with the second operating room 112 For high pressure, so pressurized moving body 160 is pushed upwardly, the action pin 163 of pressurized moving body 160 is induced by keyway 154, is subject to Pressure moving body 160 moves up on one side as the crow flies, with as it does so, the ball 172 of motion changing mechanism 158 also rotates pen Directly move up.Now, helicla flute 175 is embedded in the part of the ball 72 in helicla flute 175 to circumferential direction pressing, rotates (herein for clockwise) rotates driving body 165 towards a direction.Then, if the upper end of pressurized moving body 160 and upper surface close Plunger member 153 abuts against, moving up of pressurized moving body 160, stops, and the rotation rotating driving body 165 also stops.Hereinafter, By referred to as upper for the trip dynamic stroke.

On the other hand, move in stroke completion statuses on above-mentioned, if being led to the second operating room 112 by upper port 114 Enter high-pressure refrigerant, and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the first operating room 111 by lower port 113, due to working with first It is high pressure that the second operating room 112 is compared in room 111, so pressurized moving body 160 is pressed downwards, the action pin of pressurized moving body 160 163 while induced by keyway 154, pressurized moving body 160 moves down as the crow flies, with as it does so, motion changing mechanism 158 Ball 172 also rotates while moving down as the crow flies.Now, helicla flute 175 is embedded in the ball in helicla flute 175 172 part presses to circumferential direction, rotates driving body 165 and rotates to other directions (herein for counter-clockwise direction).Then, if being subject to The lower end of pressure moving body 160 is abutted against with the protuberance 152a of lower surface occlusion component 152, the moving down of pressurized moving body 160 Then stop, the rotation rotating driving body 165 also stops.Hereinafter, dynamic stroke under the trip being referred to as.

As described above, in upper dynamic stroke completion statuses, being located at lower dynamic stroke, main valve plug 120 by making pressurized moving body 160 Rotate to heating position from refrigeration position, carry out stream switching as above, in contrast, in lower dynamic stroke completion statuses, It is located at upper dynamic stroke by making pressurized moving body 160, main valve plug 120 rotates to refrigeration position from heating position, carries out as above institute The stream switching stated.

In the present embodiment, by with upper port 114 and lower port 113 and the exhaust end as high-pressure section High pressure port d and as low-pressure section suction side low-pressure port s connect above-mentioned second embodiment direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80, and carry out above-mentioned stream switching, namely on actuator 107 dynamic stroke and lower dynamic stroke switching.

It is, the high pressure of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 imports port p10 passes through high pressure tubule #10 and exhaust end high pressure port D connects, and first port p1 is connected with the first operating room 111 by the first tubule #1, second port p2 by the second tubule #2 and Suction side low-pressure port s connects, and the 3rd port p3 is connected with the second operating room 112 by the 3rd tubule #3, and, the 4th port P4 ' is connected with suction side low-pressure port s by the 4th tubule #4.

The schematic arrangement of the main valve 105 to revolving four-way switching valve 2 and actuator 107 is illustrated above, extremely In detailed construction, the Japanese patent application laid being referred to the applicant's submission if necessary is willing to the description of 2014-252259 Deng.

[comprising rotary type four-way switching valve 2 molar behavior of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80]

Hereinafter, four-way switching valve 2 molar behavior comprising direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 is illustrated.

Among the four-way switching valve 2 of present embodiment, same with above-mentioned first embodiment, from defrosting operating to heating During operating switching and when warming operation switches to defrosting operating, so that the second valve element 82 of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 is in and beat Open the open position of the 4th port p4 ', make the pressure of main valve chamber 115 be gradually decrease to predetermined pressure.

Hereinafter, with reference to Figure 23 sequential chart to defrosting operating (cooling operation), from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation, Warming operation, from warming operation to the switching of defrosting operating, stressed with first embodiment difference.

[defrosting (refrigeration) operating]

When being defrosted (refrigeration) operating, stop the energising to solenoid 51.With this, as shown in figure 13, by One spring 56 and the force of second spring 57, the first plunger 61 is in the non-attraction position abutting locking with the first locating part 66, And, the second plunger 62 is in the non-attraction position abutting locking with the second locating part 67, with as it does so, the first valve element 71 is in and makes Second port p2 and the right end position of the 3rd port p3 connection, and, the second valve element 82 is in the pass closing the 4th port p4 ' Closed position.

If it is in the closed position that the first valve element 71 is in right end position, the second valve element 82, the height of compressor 210 exhaust end The cold-producing medium of warm high pressure passes through exhaust end high pressure port d → high pressure tubule #10 → high pressure and imports port p10 → valve chamber 60 → the first Port p1 → the first tubule #1 and be directed to the first operating room 111, and, the high-pressure refrigerant of the second operating room 112 passes through Recess 71a → second port p2 → the second tubule the #2 of the 3rd tubule #3 → the three port p3 → the first valve element 71 and be discharged to Suction side low-pressure port s, with this, pressurized moving body 160 is located at upper dynamic stroke, and main valve plug 120 rotates 60 degree to counter-clockwise direction And it is in refrigeration position.

With this, as shown in figure 20, from compressor 210 High Temperature High Pressure cold-producing medium pass through exhaust end high pressure port d → First access 131 → outside turnover port c and be directed to outdoor heat converter 220, there heat release and condense.By This, the frost being attached to outdoor heat converter 220 is melted and removes.The high-pressure refrigerant of condensation, be directed to expansion valve 260 and Decompression, the low pressure refrigerant after decompression is directed to indoor heat converter 230, there carries out heat exchange with room air and steam Send out, pass through the 132 → suction of indoor turnover port e → the second access from the cold-producing medium of the low-temp low-pressure of indoor heat converter 230 Enter side low-pressure port s and be returned to the suction side of compressor 210.

[from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation]

When from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation, to solenoid 51 applied voltage v1 (time point t1).With this, As shown in figure 15, the first plunger 61 still in the non-attraction position abutting locking with the first locating part 66, resist by the second plunger 62 The force of second spring 57 and be in the first near attraction position of the first plunger 61 layback, with as it does so, the first valve element 71 is still located In above-mentioned right end position, the second valve element 82 is moved to the left and is in the first open position, and the 4th port p4 ' is opened.

If the first valve element 71 is in the first open position still in right end position, the second valve element 82, the first plunger 61, One valve element 71 and main valve plug 120 maintain position during defrosting (refrigeration) operating, import to the high-pressure refrigerant of valve chamber 60 by the Four port p4 ' → the 4th tubule #4 and be discharged to suction side low-pressure port s, the pressure of main valve chamber 115 is gradually lowered.

Then, if the reduced pressure of main valve chamber 115 is to predetermined pressure p1, by the voltage applying to solenoid 51 from v1 Bring up to the v2 (time point t2) higher than it.In addition, among present embodiment, the reduced pressure of main valve chamber 115 is to pre- level pressure Power p1 can detect according to the signal from the pressure transducer for detecting main valve chamber 115 pressure.

With this, as shown in figure 16, the first plunger 61 is in attraction (sorption) position, and the first valve element 71 is in left position, And, the second plunger 62 is in the second attraction position that ratio first attracts to be located closer to attract part 55 side, with as it does so, second Valve element 82 be in than the first open position from the 4th port p4 ' further from the second open position.

If the first valve element 71 is in left position, the second valve element 82 is in the second open position, compressor 210 exhaust end High Temperature High Pressure cold-producing medium pass through exhaust end high pressure port d → high pressure tubule #10 → high pressure import port p10 → valve chamber 60 → 3rd port p3 → the 3rd tubule #3 and be directed to the second operating room 112, and, the high-pressure refrigerant of the first operating room 111 Arranged by the recess 71a → second port p2 → the second tubule #2 of the first tubule #1 → first port p1 → the first valve element 71 Go out to suction side low-pressure port s, with this, pressurized moving body 160 is located at lower dynamic stroke, and main valve body 120 rotates clockwise 60 degree and locate heat position.

In the case of being somebody's turn to do, after just to solenoid 51 applied voltage v2, the pressure of main valve chamber 115 is anxious from predetermined pressure p1 Acute decline, and, to solenoid 51 applied voltage v2 during, because the second plunger 62 is still in above-mentioned second attraction potential Put, the second valve element 82 still in above-mentioned second open position, so the 4th port p4 ' is still opened, the pressure of main valve chamber 115 is more Further continuous decrease.

Then, if from the time point t2 of applied voltage v2 through the scheduled time, the energising to solenoid 51 is stopped (time point t3).With this, as shown in figure 17, the first plunger 61 still keeps above-mentioned attraction (sorption) position by the magnetic force of permanent magnet 53 Put (be no energized blocking), the first valve element 71 is still in the left position making first port p1 connect with second port p2, main Still in heating position, the second plunger 62 is returned to non-attraction position by the force of second spring 57 to valve element 120, adjoint This, is because the second valve element 82 is returned to the closed position closing the 4th port p4 ', so, the pressure of main valve chamber 115 is no longer Reduce, pressure when time point t3 begins to ramp up common warming operation.

[warming operation]

In warming operation, as shown in figure 21, the cold-producing medium from the High Temperature High Pressure of compressor 210 passes through exhaust end high pressure Port d → third connecting road 133 → indoor turnover port e and be directed to indoor heat converter 230, there with Interior Space Gas carries out heat exchange (heating) and condenses, and becomes the two phase refrigerant of high pressure and is directed to expansion valve 260.High-pressure refrigerant quilt This expansion valve 260 reduces pressure, and the low pressure refrigerant after decompression is directed to outdoor heat converter 220, there enters with outdoor air Row heat exchange and evaporate, pass through outside turnover port c → 4th even from the cold-producing medium of the low-temp low-pressure of outdoor heat converter 220 Path 134 → suction side low-pressure port s and be returned to the suction side of compressor 210.

[from warming operation to the switching of defrosting operating]

On the other hand, when from warming operation to the switching of defrosting operating, to solenoid 51 applied voltage v2 (time point t4).With this, as shown in figure 18, the first plunger 61 still in attract (sorption) position, the first valve element 71 still in left position, Second plunger 62 is in the second attraction position that ratio first attracts to be located closer to attract part 55 side, with as it does so, the second valve element 82 be in than the first open position from the 4th port p4 ' further from the second open position, the 4th port p4 ' is opened.

If the first valve element 71 is in the second open position still in left position, the second valve element 82, the first plunger 61, One valve element 71 and main valve plug 120 still maintain position during warming operation, and the high-pressure refrigerant importing to valve chamber 60 passes through the 4th Port p4 ' → the 4th tubule #4 and be discharged to suction side low-pressure port s, the pressure of main valve chamber 115 is gradually lowered.

Then, if the reduced pressure of main valve chamber 115, to predetermined pressure p1, applies opposite polarity electricity to solenoid 51 Press a v2.

With this, the magnetic force of permanent magnet 53 is cancelled, by the force of the first spring 56 and second spring 57, the first plunger 61 Be returned to abut with the first locating part 66 locking non-attraction position, and, the second plunger 62 be returned to spacing with second Part 67 abut locking non-attraction position, with as it does so, the first valve element 71 be in make second port p2 and the 3rd port p3 connection Right end position, and, the second valve element 82 is returned to the closed position closing the 4th port p4 '.

In the case of being somebody's turn to do, after just to solenoid 51 applied voltage one v2, the pressure of main valve chamber 115 is from predetermined pressure p1 Drastically decline, but, the pressure of main valve chamber 115 no longer reduces, and begins to ramp up common defrosting (refrigeration) fortune from time point t5 Pressure when turning.

If from time point t5 through the scheduled time, stopping the energising (time point t6) to solenoid 51.With this, complete From warming operation to the switching of defrosting operating, become defrosting (refrigeration) operating of no energising.

[direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 of second embodiment and the effect of four-way switching valve 2]

As from the description above it should be understood that in the direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 using this second embodiment as guide valve And among the rotary type four-way switching valve 2 possessing, be also configured to: when defrosting operating switches to warming operation and from confession Warm operating to defrosting operating switch when, make the second valve element 82 of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 be in the first and second open positions, make The pressure of main valve chamber 115 is gradually lowered to predetermined pressure, so, from warming operation to defrosting operating and from defrosting operating to It is not necessary to the too big frequency reducing compressor 210 is it becomes possible to reduce the pressure of high-pressure side and low-pressure side during warming operation switching Difference, therefore, it is possible to be effectively reduced noise, and the time that the pressure of cold-producing medium can be shortened to return to required high pressure and need, With as it does so, can shorten from warming operation to the time entering required for defrosting operating and warm air from indoor heat converter 230 Time till out.

Like this, among the heat pump type refrigerating heating system 200 of present embodiment, noise can be reduced fast Carry out fastly from warming operation to defrosting operating and from defrosting operating to the switching of warming operation, along with it is not necessary to direct acting Electromagnetic valve beyond formula electromagnetic valve 80, so based on fairly simple structure, can carry out cooling operation, warming operation and defrosting Operating, therefore, it is possible to reduce setup cost and component costs.

Further, permanent magnet 53 is set in direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 and is formed as the electromagnetic valve of self maintenance, so, In cooling operation (during defrosting operating) and during warming operation, the energising to solenoid 51 can be stopped, being saved with this The energy.

In addition, among second embodiment, in energising (during applied voltage v1, v2), such as Figure 15, Figure 16, Tu18Suo Show, the second plunger 62 is formed through contact blocking member 64 and is caught by the first plunger 61, so and first embodiment Compare and can obtain that its position is stable and spring, plunger periphery design become easy effect.

In addition, among second embodiment, as with according to described in Figure 12 same, by omit permanent magnet (and by Magnetic material constitute plate), and apply the voltage v3 lower than voltage v2 to solenoid 51 it is also possible to produce with using upper State the same state of the no energising blocking of permanent magnet, this voltage v2 is that the first plunger 61 is maintained at attraction (sorption) position The voltage of (the second plunger 62 is returned to non-attraction position by the force of second spring 57) degree.

In addition, among above-mentioned embodiment, illustrate using direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 as slidingtype four-way switching valve 1 Guide valve and the first embodiment that the uses and direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 with direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 different structure is made The second embodiment that uses for the guide valve of revolving four-way switching valve 2 is it is also possible to by above-mentioned direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 Adopt as the guide valve of revolving four-way switching valve 2 it is also possible to using direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 as slidingtype four-way The guide valve of switching valve 1 and adopt, this is not required to repeat.

In addition, the internal structure of direct-acting electromagnetic valve 50 and direct-acting electromagnetic valve 80 can certainly be carried out suitably group Close and use.

Claims

1. a kind of direct-acting electromagnetic valve is it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

The outer valve casing being fixed with solenoid in side periphery at one end, from a side start to be sequentially connected in series be configured with attraction part, First plunger and the second plunger, in the more another side of the second plunger described in the ratio of described valve casing, are provided with master port, and are provided with tool There is the valve seat of first, second, third and fourth port, in this valve seat, be by the company between described first, second, and third port Logical state switch over and in the way of sliding freely to be connected to described first plunger linkage the first valve element, and, be by Described 4th port switched and docked in the way of sliding freely or by can away from be configured with the way of close with described Second valve element of the second plunger linkage, according to the voltage applying to described solenoid, described first plunger and described first valve Core and described second plunger and described second valve element are respectively at multiple positions.

2. a kind of direct-acting electromagnetic valve is it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

The outer valve casing being fixed with solenoid in side periphery at one end, from a side start to be sequentially connected in series be configured with attraction part, The first spring, the first plunger, the second spring being made up of collapse coil spring and the second plunger being made up of collapse coil spring, And, for stoping described first plunger and described second plunger mobile and be provided with the first locating part and second spacing to another side Part,

In the more another side of the second plunger described in the ratio of described valve casing, be provided with high pressure and import port, and be provided with have first, the Two and the 3rd port and the valve seat of the 4th port, in this valve seat, are by the connection between described first, second, and third port State switches over and to being connected to by the first valve element of the slidingtype of described first plunger push-and-pull in the way of sliding freely, and And, it is that described 4th port is switched and to being connected to by the slidingtype of described second plunger push-and-pull in the way of sliding freely The second valve element or by can away from the second valve element being configured with hoisting type in the way of close,

According to the voltage applying to described solenoid, described first plunger and described second plunger be respectively at attraction position and Non- attraction position, described first valve element is linked with described first plunger and is in and makes described first port and described second port even A logical end position and make another end position that described second port connects with described 3rd port, and, described second valve Core is linked with described second plunger and is in the described 4th port open position opened and the closed position being turned off.

3. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 2 it is characterised in that

Be fixedly connected with the one end of the first valve element keeper in described first plunger, a side of this first valve element keeper with The mode intercalation sliding freely in described second plunger, in the another side of this first valve element keeper, described first valve element with Described first plunger links and is connected in the way of being in a described end position and described another end position, chimeric or card Close.

4. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 3 it is characterised in that

In described valve seat, from one end to the other side it is transversely provided with described first, second, and third port and the 4th port,

It is fixedly connected with the one end of the second valve element keeper in described second plunger, the other end of this second valve element keeper It is located at the more another side of the other end than described first valve element keeper, in the another side of this second valve element keeper, Second valve element of described slidingtype is with described second plunger linkage and to be in the side of described open position and described closed position Formula and be connected, chimeric or engaging.

5. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 3 it is characterised in that

In described valve seat, from one end to the other side it is transversely provided with described first, second, and third port, another in described valve seat End face is provided with the 4th port,

In described second plunger, the second valve element of described hoisting type link with this second plunger and be in described open position and The mode of described closed position and be connected, chimeric or engaging.

6. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 2 it is characterised in that

For stoping the directly contact of described first plunger and described second plunger, it is provided with in-between and is made up of nonmagnetic substance Contact blocking member.

7. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 2 it is characterised in that

The force of described first spring is set as bigger than the force of described second spring.

8. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 2 it is characterised in that

In a side of the described attraction part of described valve casing, it is configured with permanent magnet.

9. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

In the state of stopping energising to described solenoid, by the force of described first spring and described second spring, institute State the first plunger and be in the non-attraction position abutting locking with described first locating part, and, described second plunger is in and institute State the non-attraction position that the second locating part abuts locking, with this, described first valve element is in described another end position, and, institute State the second valve element and be in described closed position,

In this condition, if applying first voltage to described solenoid, described first plunger limits still in described first Position part abuts the non-attraction position of locking, and described second plunger is resisted the force of described second spring and is in described first post The near attraction position of plug layback, with this, still in described another end position, described second valve element is in described described first valve element Open position,

In this condition, if applying the second voltage higher than described first voltage, described first plunger to described solenoid Resist the force of described first spring and be in by the described attraction position attracting part to further, but described second plunger still in Described attraction position, with this, described first valve element is in a described end position, and, described second valve element is beaten still in described Open position,

In this condition, if stopping energising to described solenoid, described first plunger passes through the magnetic force of described permanent magnet still It is maintained at described attraction position, described second plunger is returned to described non-attraction potential by the force of described second spring Put, with this, described first valve element is returned to described closed position still in a described end position, described second valve element.

10. direct-acting electromagnetic valve according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

To the stopping energising of described solenoid, described first plunger, described suction is still being maintained at by the magnetic force of described permanent magnet Draw position and described second plunger also still in described non-attraction position in the state of, if to described solenoid apply ratio The high second voltage of described first voltage, then described first plunger be still maintained at described attraction position, described second plunger resists Refuse the force of described second spring and be in the near attraction position of described first plunger layback, with this, described first valve element is still It is in a described end position, described second valve element is in described open position,

Afterwards, if applying opposite polarity tertiary voltage to described solenoid, the magnetic force of described permanent magnet is cancelled, described First plunger is returned to described non-attraction position by the force of described first spring, and, described second plunger passes through The force of described second spring and be returned to described non-attraction position, with this, described first valve element is returned to described another End position, and, described second valve element is returned to described closed position.

11. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 8 are it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

In this condition, if applying first voltage to described solenoid, described first plunger limits still in described first Position part abuts the non-attraction position of locking, and described second plunger is resisted the force of described second spring and is in described first post The first near attraction position of plug layback, with this, described first valve element is in still in described another end position, described second valve element First open position,

In this condition, if applying the second voltage higher than described first voltage, described first plunger to described solenoid Resist the force of described first spring and be in by the described attraction position attracting part to further, and, at described second plunger In attracting to be located closer to described the second attraction position attracting component side than described first, with this, described first valve element is in A described end position, and, described second valve element is in the second open position closer to one end than described first open position,

12. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 11 are it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

To the stopping energising of described solenoid, described first plunger, described suction is still being maintained at by the magnetic force of described permanent magnet Draw position and described second plunger also still in described non-attraction position in the state of, if to described solenoid apply ratio The high second voltage of described first voltage, then described first plunger be still maintained at described attraction position, described second plunger resists Refuse the force of described second spring and be in described second attraction position, with this, described first valve element is still in described one end position Put, described second valve element is in described second open position,

13. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 2 are it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

In this condition, if applying the tertiary voltage lower than described second voltage, described first plunger to described solenoid Still it is maintained at described attraction position, described second plunger is returned to described non-attraction by the force of described second spring Position, with this, described first valve element is returned to described closed position still in a described end position, described second valve element.

14. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 13 it is characterised in that

Described tertiary voltage is set as identical with described first voltage.

15. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 13 are it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

To described solenoid apply described tertiary voltage, described first plunger be still maintained at described attraction position and In the state of described second plunger is also still in described non-attraction position, if applying than described first voltage to described solenoid High second voltage, then described first plunger be still maintained at described attraction position, described second plunger resists described second bullet The force of spring and be in the near attraction position of described first plunger layback, with this, described first valve element is still in described one end Position, described second valve element is in described open position,

Afterwards, if stopping energising to described solenoid, described first plunger is returned by the force of described first spring Return to described non-attraction position, and, described second plunger is returned to described non-suction by the force of described second spring Draw position, with this, described first valve element is returned to described another end position, and, described second valve element be returned to described Closed position.

16. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 2 are it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

17. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 16 it is characterised in that

Described tertiary voltage is set as identical with described first voltage.

18. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 16 are it is characterised in that form in the following manner:

To described solenoid apply described tertiary voltage, described first plunger be still maintained at described attraction position and In the state of described second plunger is also still in described non-attraction position, if applying than described first voltage to described solenoid High second voltage, then described first plunger be still maintained at described attraction position, described second plunger resists described second bullet The force of spring and be in described second attraction position, with this, described first valve element still in a described end position, described second valve Core is in described second open position,

19. direct-acting electromagnetic valves according to claim 2 it is characterised in that

Described first locating part and described second locating part, are fixed on the limiting component of described valve casing inner circumferential, are located at institute by configuration State the stepped portion of valve casing and a part for described valve seat any one of and constitute.

A kind of 20. four-way switching valves, be used in heat pump type refrigerating heating system for switching cold-producing medium flow direction The four-way switching valve of slidingtype, this heat pump type refrigerating heating system is by cooling operation, warming operation and can freeze During operating, cold-producing medium being carried out the mode of selection to the defrosting operating that equidirectional flows and is formed it is characterised in that following The mode of stating is constituted:

Possess the direct-acting electromagnetic valve any one of claim 2 to 19 as guide valve, and possess the four of cylinder type Port valve main body,

In this four-way valve body, from a side start to be configured with successively the first operating room, first piston, main valve chamber, second piston, Second operating room, is provided with, in described main valve chamber, the exhaust end high pressure port being connected with the exhaust end of compressor, and is provided with main valve seat, In the valve seat of this main valve seat, from a side start to be sequentially provided with the outside turnover port being connected with outdoor heat converter and Suction side low-pressure port and the indoor in-out end being connected with indoor heat converter that the suction side of described compressor connects Mouthful, and in the mode that slides freely to being connected to section for the bowl-shape main valve plug that stands upside down, this main valve plug can selectively be in by The refrigeration position that described suction side low-pressure port connects is opened and made in described outside turnover port with described indoor turnover port Put and described indoor turnover port is opened and so that described suction side low-pressure port is connected with described outside turnover port Heating position,

The described high pressure of described direct-acting electromagnetic valve imports port and is connected with described exhaust end high pressure port, described first port and Described first operating room connects, and described second port is connected with described suction side low-pressure port, described 3rd port and described the Two operating rooms connect, and, described 4th port is connected with described suction side low-pressure port,

When switching to defrosting operating when defrosting operating switches to warming operation and from warming operation, make described Direct Action Type Described second valve element of electromagnetic valve is in the open position opening described 4th port, so that the pressure of described main valve chamber is dropped Low to predetermined pressure.

21. four-way switching valves according to claim 20 it is characterised in that

Described first piston and described second piston can be integrally movably attached by main connector, in described main connection Body, described main valve plug is with adjoint described first and second reciprocating of piston in described refrigeration position and described heating position Between carry out round mode and be connected, chimeric or locking.

22. four-way switching valves according to claim 20 it is characterised in that

It is fixed with one end side cover shape part in one end of described four-way switching valve, this one end side cover shape part doubles as described for stoping First piston, to the locating part of an extreme direction movement, is fixed with another side lid portion in the other end of described four-way switching valve Part, this another side lid part doubles as stoping the locating part to another extreme direction movement for the described second piston.

A kind of 23. four-way switching valves, be used in heat pump type refrigerating heating system for switching cold-producing medium flow direction Revolving four-way switching valve, this heat pump type refrigerating heating system be can by cooling operation, warming operation and refrigeration fortune When turning, cold-producing medium is carried out the mode of selection to the defrosting operating that equidirectional flows and formed it is characterised in that with following Mode is constituted:

Possess the direct-acting electromagnetic valve any one of claim 2 to 19 as guide valve, and possess main valve, this main valve Have: the main valve case of the tubular of graduation main valve chamber；Rotatably configure the main valve plug in described main valve chamber；And use Work in making that described main valve plug rotates, that there is the variable volume selectively importing high-pressure refrigerant or discharging first Room and the actuator of the second operating room,

It is provided with what the exhaust end high pressure port being connected with the exhaust end of compressor was connected with outdoor heat converter in described main valve case Suction side low-pressure port that outside turnover port is connected with the suction side of described compressor and with indoor heat converter even The indoor turnover port connecing, by control high-pressure refrigerant to described first operating room and described second operating room importing or Discharge and make described main valve plug to rotate, carry out the switching between communications ports, carried out from refrigeration or defrosting operating to heating with this Operate and from warming operation to the switching of refrigeration or defrosting operating,

24. four-way switching valves according to claim 23 it is characterised in that

By upside valve seat hermetically closed to the upper surface open of described main valve case and lower surface opening and downside valve seat, it is provided with Described exhaust end high pressure port, described outside turnover port, described suction side low-pressure port and described indoor in-out end Mouthful.

25. four-way switching valves according to any one of claim 20 to 24 are it is characterised in that with following Composition of contents:

Possesses the control unit for controlling the described solenoid applied voltage to described direct-acting electromagnetic valve, by this control Portion, when switching to warming operation from defrosting operating, applies first voltage to described solenoid first, makes described second valve element It is in described open position, with this, the described backward solenoid of reduced pressure to the described predetermined pressure of described main valve chamber is applied Plus the second voltage higher than described first voltage, after making described first valve element be in a described end position, stop to described Solenoid is energized,

On the other hand, when switching to defrosting operating from warming operation, apply described second voltage to described solenoid, make institute State the second valve element and be in described open position, with this, the reduced pressure of described main valve chamber is described backward to described predetermined pressure Solenoid apply opposite polarity tertiary voltage, after making described first valve element be in described another end position, stop to The energising of described solenoid.

26. four-way switching valves according to any one of claim 20 to 24 are it is characterised in that with following Composition of contents:

Possesses the control unit for controlling the described solenoid applied voltage to described direct-acting electromagnetic valve, by this control Portion, when switching to warming operation from defrosting operating, applies first voltage to described solenoid first, makes described second valve element It is in described open position, with this, the described backward solenoid of reduced pressure to the described predetermined pressure of described main valve chamber is applied Plus the second voltage higher than described first voltage, after making described first valve element be in a described end position, to described electromagnetism Coil applies the tertiary voltage lower than described second voltage,

On the other hand, when switching to defrosting operating from warming operation, apply described second voltage to described solenoid, make institute State the second valve element and be in described open position, with this, the reduced pressure of described main valve chamber stop to after described predetermined pressure to The energising of described solenoid, makes described first valve element be in described another end position.

27. four-way switching valves according to claim 25 it is characterised in that

Equipped with the pressure transducer of the pressure detecting described main valve chamber, described control unit is formed as: passes according to from described pressure The signal that sensor obtains, the reduced pressure to detect described main valve chamber is to described predetermined pressure.