CN106369161A - Large-diameter high pressure vessel adopting barrel end and main bolt connecting structure - Google Patents
Large-diameter high pressure vessel adopting barrel end and main bolt connecting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106369161A CN106369161A CN201611083536.XA CN201611083536A CN106369161A CN 106369161 A CN106369161 A CN 106369161A CN 201611083536 A CN201611083536 A CN 201611083536A CN 106369161 A CN106369161 A CN 106369161A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- kingbolt
- barrel end
- diameter
- outer ring
- inner ring
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
- F16J13/02—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures
- F16J13/12—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures attached by wedging action by means of screw-thread, interrupted screw-thread, bayonet closure, or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter high pressure vessel adopting a barrel end and main bolt connecting structure. The large-diameter high pressure vessel is provided with a lower seal head, a barrel, a barrel end, a sealing element and an end cover. An inner ring of main bolts and an outer ring of main bolts are arranged on the end face of the barrel end. The number of the arranged main bolts can be increased, the diameter of the main bolts can be decreased, the main bolts small in diameter can be adopted in the large-diameter high pressure vessel with the inner diameter of the barrel end being larger than or equal to phi1800 mm, and the axial load of the vessel is borne by the inner ring of main bolts and the outer ring of main bolts together. After the diameter of the main bolts is decreased, the thread machining difficulty is reduced, the machining precision of external threads on the main bolts and an internal thread at the barrel end is guaranteed, the assembly difficulty of threaded holes in the main bolts and threaded holes in the barrel end is reduced, and assembly is convenient; the threads are not prone to being damaged, and main nuts are fastened conveniently; the difficulty of demounting, mounting and maintaining of the main bolts in the equipment use field is reduced, and demounting, mounting and maintaining are easy; and an adopted demounting and mounting tool is light and convenient to use, and site construction operation is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pressure vessel field and in particular to a kind of employing barrel end and kingbolt attachment structure straight greatly
Footpath high-pressure bottle.
Background technology
Pressure vessel pressing force grade classification, design pressurepFor 10mpa≤pThe pressure vessel of ＜ 100mpa belongs to high pressure
Container (see a3 bar " pressure rating division " in tsg 21-2016 " fixed safe technology of pressure vessel Supervision Code " annex a).
With the development of production technology, the application of high-pressure bottle constantly expands, particularly in chemical field, used
High-pressure bottle diameter is increasing, design pressure more and more higher.
Some high-pressure bottles need using removable Hermetical connecting structure, so as container content enter or take out internals and
Inside stuffing (as catalyst, filler).
The Hermetical connecting structure being applied to the technology maturation of major diameter high-pressure bottle at present is mainly kingbolt attachment structure.
In the high-pressure bottle of kingbolt attachment structure, (include container inner medium pressure to produce by the axial load that kingbolt bears container
Pretightning force needed for raw axial force and compression potted component).
For the high-pressure bottle of kingbolt attachment structure, because the diameter of container is bigger, then the cross-sectional area of container is got over
Greatly, the axial load that container inner medium pressure acts on end cap is bigger, in addition, the pressure of container inner medium is higher, container
Design pressure also higher (because the design pressure of container cannot be less than the pressure of medium), the axial load on end cap is also got over
Greatly.Axial load due to end cap is born by kingbolt, so the diameter of container is bigger, the design pressure of container is higher, needs
The total sectional area of kingbolt is bigger.
Kingbolt attachment structure on high-pressure bottle, by structures such as barrel end, end cap, potted component, kingbolt, mother nuts
Become, all of kingbolt circumference one circle is distributed on the end face of barrel end, and the end face of barrel end has screwed hole, kingbolt
One end be spun on screw thread in the hole, equipped with end cap on barrel end, between barrel end and end cap, be provided with potted component, kingbolt
Outer end, equipped with mother nut, by mother nut and kingbolt, end cap is fixed on barrel end.
When total sectional area one timing of required kingbolt, if the diameter from kingbolt is big, the number of required kingbolt
Amount is just few；Conversely, the diameter from kingbolt is little, then the quantity of required kingbolt is just many.Although can be by from different
Kingbolt diameter and quantity ensureing the total sectional area of kingbolt, but, the main spiral shell of circumference one circle distribution on barrel end end face
The diameter of bolt and quantity arbitrarily do not take, because on barrel end end face, kingbolt center is away from inner sealing member
" pressure holds it is necessary to meet gb 150.3-2011 for cylindrical radial dimension and the cylindrical radial dimension away from outside barrel end
Device third portion: design " regulation of size value in Section 7.7 " barrel end ", and between the circumference of two neighboring kingbolt
Away from also having to comply with requirement, i.e. the circumferential spacing of kingboltlWith kingbolt diameterd bRatio between 2.0 ~ 2.5 (see " high pressure
Vessel Design " Shanghai science tech publishing house publication in 1986 page 176).So, after choosing the diameter of kingbolt, basis
Required kingbolt total sectional area determines the quantity of kingbolt, determines that kingbolt center circle is straight by the size regulation of " barrel end "
Footpath, and calculate kingbolt circumference spacing.If circumferential spacing is too little, mother nut can not be assembled or mother nut can not be with instrument
Tightly, show that taken kingbolt diameter is too little, so that required kingbolt quantity is too many；If circumferential spacing is too big, can make
Become circumferential thrust on end cap uneven, the sealing effectiveness of impact potted component, show that taken kingbolt diameter is too big, so that
Very little, and the kingbolt diameter being taken is too big, also can increase the radial ruler of barrel end and end cap for required kingbolt quantity
Very little so that unreasonable structure, waste of materials, increase cost.So, the diameter of kingbolt can neither be too little nor too big.
According to above-mentioned requirements, when the interior diameter of high-pressure bottle and design pressure one timing of container, required kingbolt total
Sectional area is also certain, because the diameter of kingbolt can neither be too little nor too big, according to geometrical relationship, is arranged in
Kingbolt diameter on barrel end end face and quantity will be also certain, and the diameter of concrete kingbolt and quantity need by strong
Degree calculates and determines.
So, when the interior diameter of high-pressure bottle is very big or design pressure is very high, the diameter of required kingbolt will be very big.
According to gb 150.3-2011 " pressure vessel third portion: design " annex c " sealing structure " regulation, for removable
Formula high-pressure bottle, the seal with double-cone structure such as being connected using kingbolt, its scope of application is: the design temperature of container is 0 ~ 400
DEG C, design pressure is 6.4 ~ 35mpa, and the interior diameter (referring to the sealing internal diameter of barrel end, similarly hereinafter) of container is φ 400 ~ φ
3200mm.If [adopting analysis design method, the design pressure of container, interior diameter etc. are not limited by above range, the setting of container
Meter pressure is up to no more than 100mpa(and sees that jb 4732-1995 " GB150-1998 analysis design standard " confirms for 2005
Version).]
The Vessel Design pressure specifying in above-mentioned gb 150.3-2011 " pressure vessel third portion: design " standard and container
It is assumed that the design temperature of high-pressure bottle is 200 DEG C, in kingbolt material selection gb 150.2-2011 standard in the range of interior diameter
The allowable stress when 200 DEG C for intensity rank highest 40crnimoa(is 274mpa), then, in major diameter high-pressure bottle:
If the interior diameter of container is φ 3200mm, design pressure is 35mpa, according to calculating, needs the diameter from kingbolt
For φ 260mm, quantity is 22, just can meet size regulation and the kingbolt circumference spacing of foregoing " barrel end "
Requirement, even if the design pressure of container drop to 20mpa it is also desirable to from kingbolt a diameter of φ 180mm, quantity be 28
Individual, just can meet " barrel end " size specify and kingbolt circumference spacing requirement.
If the interior diameter of container is φ 2000mm, design pressure is 35mpa, through calculating, needs from kingbolt
A diameter of φ 180mm, quantity is 20, just can meet the size regulation of " barrel end " and wanting of kingbolt circumference spacing
Ask.
If the interior diameter of container is φ 1800mm, design pressure is 35mpa, through calculating, needs from kingbolt
A diameter of φ 160mm, quantity is 20, just can meet the size regulation of " barrel end " and wanting of kingbolt circumference spacing
Ask.If design temperature is 300 DEG C, the allowable stress of kingbolt is 257mpa, through calculating, needs straight from kingbolt
Footpath is φ 180mm, and quantity is 18, just can meet " barrel end " size specify and the circumferential spacing of kingbolt requirement.
[diameter of kingbolt, in more than φ 140mm, typically adopts φ 160mm, φ 180mm, φ 200mm equal diameter specification.]
From above-mentioned calculating, when the interior diameter of the high-pressure bottle of kingbolt attachment structure is more than or equal to φ 1800mm, institute
The kingbolt diameter needing is possible to more than φ 160mm, and needs to adopt with diameter greater than or be equal to the kingbolt of φ 180mm.
The allowable stress 274mpa(design temperature of the kingbolt being taken in above-mentioned calculating be 200 DEG C) or 257mpa(set
Meter temperature is 300 DEG C), it is the allowable stress that kingbolt diameter is not more than during φ 140mm.But, kingbolt with diameter greater than φ
During 100mm, allowable stress is as the increase of diameter and is gradually reduced (see table 12 in gb 150.2-2011 standard), and this is
The reason that can be declined with the increase of material diameter due to the grain structure performance within metal material, so phase same material is golden
Belong to the intensity of material, little low of diameter group that what diameter was big want.It follows that with diameter greater than φ 140mm's in above-mentioned sample calculation
Kingbolt, its allowable stress should be less than 274mpa, and so required kingbolt total sectional area also will than the result of above-mentioned calculating
Greatly, the diameter of kingbolt is also greater than the diameter obtain in above-mentioned calculating.
Existing pressure vessel design code, the kingbolt maximum gauge that can select is shown in gb 150.2- for φ 140mm(
Table 12 in 2011 standards), but under the premise of the quality of materials of kingbolt is guaranteed, a diameter of φ 160mm can be adopted) master
Bolt, but definite Technique performance parameter must be had (to design soft in the sw6 supporting with gb 150-2011 " pressure vessel " standard
The kingbolt of m160 specification in part, can be chosen, but need to provide the mechanical property of bolt material).
Certainly, the major diameter high-pressure bottle of designed kingbolt attachment structure, if the kingbolt diameter being taken is necessary
More than φ 160mm it is impossible to during normal design, can according to the rules, after handling related procedure of submitting reports for approval, using stress analysis etc. its
He is designed method, and kingbolt material controls through strict, after taking measures, can be used for the master that diameter is more than φ 160mm
Bolt.
The high-pressure bottle of existing kingbolt attachment structure, kingbolt circumference one circle is distributed in the end face of barrel end
On, because the interior diameter of container is bigger, the design pressure of container is higher, and the load that kingbolt is born is bigger, the master of selection
The diameter of bolt is also bigger, so the kingbolt diameter on major diameter high-pressure bottle barrel end will be very big.If kingbolt
Diameter is very big, and from screw thread process, the screwed hole assembling on kingbolt and barrel end, mother nut tighten, and equipment uses
The links such as scene dismounting maintenance, all have very big difficulty.
To sum up analyze, the deficiency that prior art exists is:
1st, the major diameter high-pressure bottle of existing kingbolt attachment structure, kingbolt circumference one circle is arranged in the end of barrel end
The axial load of container on face, is born by a circle kingbolt, when the interior diameter of barrel end is more than or equal to φ 1800mm,
Required kingbolt diameter will be very big.
2nd, the kingbolt of major diameter, difficult.Kingbolt for high-pressure bottle is all fine thread, the precision of internal and external threads
Have high demands, fit clearance is little, the high precision screw processing of major diameter is highly difficult.
3rd, the screwed hole assembling on the kingbolt and barrel end of major diameter is difficult.Due to being fine thread and internal and external threads
Fit clearance very little, the slightly deviation in assembling, internal and external threads will be bitten, and is easily damaged screw thread.And the diameter of kingbolt
Very big, mother nut is also very big, and prefastening load is just very big, tightens mother nut highly difficult.
4th, in equipment using scene, the dismounting of major diameter kingbolt is difficult in maintenance.Because major diameter high-pressure bottle is typically all
Outdoor vertical installation, kingbolt is located at equipment top, is in high-altitude, and when equipment dismounting is safeguarded, execute-in-place space is little, construction
Condition is poor, and the dismantling device for major diameter kingbolt is heavy, and on-site construction operations are difficult.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of interior diameter of barrel end is more than or equal to φ 1800mm, kingbolt used
Diameter is less, the screwed hole assembling on kingbolt and barrel end screw easily, mother nut tighten conveniently, equipment is main using scene
Bolt disassembly safeguards the major diameter high-pressure bottle readily adopting barrel end and kingbolt attachment structure.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that one kind using barrel end and kingbolt attachment structure
Major diameter high-pressure bottle, there is low head, cylinder, barrel end, end cap, be provided between barrel end and end cap sealing unit
Part, it is improved by: the interior diameter of described barrel enddMore than or equal to φ 1800mm, the end face of described barrel end has
There are several circumferentially distributed outer ring screwed holes and several circumferentially distributed inner ring screwed holes, described end cap has several
Outer ring bolt hole and several inner ring bolts hole, the outer ring bolt hole on described end cap and the quantity of inner ring bolt hole and position divide
Mutually not corresponding with the quantity of the outer ring screwed hole on the end face of barrel end and inner ring screwed hole and position, described barrel end
On outer ring screwed hole built with outer ring kingbolt, inner ring screwed hole passes through built with inner ring kingbolt, described outer ring kingbolt
Outer ring bolt hole on end cap, described inner ring kingbolt passes through the inner ring bolt hole on end cap, the outer end of described outer ring kingbolt
Equipped with outer ring mother nut, the outer end of described inner ring kingbolt is equipped with inner ring mother nut, described outer ring mother nut and outer ring kingbolt
And inner ring mother nut and inner ring kingbolt jointly described end cap are fixed on barrel end.
In technique scheme, the outer ring screwed hole on described barrel end and the quantity of inner ring screwed hole are equal, and
Respectively it is 24 ~ 60.
In technique scheme, the diameter of described inner ring kingbolt is less than the diameter of outer ring kingbolt.
In technique scheme, described end cap is made up of with convex head flange, and described convex head is two-layer or two
Multiple structure more than layer.
In technique scheme, described end cap is flat cover.
In technique scheme, described cylinder is multiple structure, and described multiple structure can be multilamellar laminated board dressing
Structure or winding board structure or around band structure or Multi-layer thermal nested structure, or multilamellar laminate bag
Bundle, winding board, two or more the combinative structure in band, multilamellar hot jacket.
In technique scheme, described low head is the multiple structure of more than two-layer or two-layer.
In technique scheme, the periphery of described low head is cased with Reinforced Hoop, the overall diameter of described Reinforced Hoop lower surface
Overall diameter more than cylinder.
In technique scheme, the lower surface of described Reinforced Hoop has several circumferentially distributed screwed holes.
In technique scheme, on the external cylindrical surface of described barrel end and circumferential on the external cylindrical surface of described end cap
The jack supporting platform of three pairs or three pairs more than is distributed with.
The good effect that the present invention has is:
1st, after inside and outside two circle kingbolts being arranged on the end face of barrel end, the arrangement quantity of kingbolt can be increased, subtract
The diameter of little kingbolt, enables the major diameter high-pressure bottle that the interior diameter of barrel end is more than or equal to φ 1800mm to adopt straight
The less kingbolt in footpath, is jointly born the axial load of container by inside and outside two circle kingbolts.
2nd, after the diameter of kingbolt reduces, reduce the difficulty of processing of screw thread, diameter less high precision screw processing ratio
It is easier to.
3rd, the difficulty of the screwed hole assembling on kingbolt and barrel end, assembling after the diameter of kingbolt reduces, are reduced
Convenient, and it is not easy damaged screw, and also after the diameter of kingbolt reduces, mother nut also accordingly reduces, and prefastening load is just little, on
Tight mother nut is more convenient.
4th, after the diameter of kingbolt reduces, reduce the difficulty that equipment is safeguarded using live kingbolt dismounting, dismounting is safeguarded
Easily, and dismantling device used light, be easy in the less high-altitude in space on-site construction operations.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the axial cross-sectional schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the partial structural diagram of middle cylinder body end of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the arrangement schematic diagram of inside and outside two circle screwed holes on the end face of middle cylinder body end of the present invention, two circle screw thread inside and outside in figure
The quantity in hole is equal；
Fig. 4 is the partial structural diagram that in the present invention, end cap is made up of flange and convex head, and in figure convex head is monolayer
Structure；
Fig. 5 is the arrangement schematic diagram that middle-end of the present invention covers inside and outside two circle bolts hole, the quantity phase of two circle bolts hole inside and outside in figure
Deng；
Fig. 6 is the partial structural diagram that in the present invention, end cap is made up of flange and convex head, and in figure convex head is multilamellar
Structure；
Fig. 7 is that in the present invention, end cap is the structural representation of flat cover；
Fig. 8 is the enlarged diagram in the middle part of Fig. 1, and in figure cylinder is multiple structure, and low head is single layer structure；
Fig. 9 is the enlarged diagram in the middle part of Fig. 1, and in figure cylinder is multiple structure, and low head is multiple structure；
Figure 10 is the enlarged diagram in the middle part of Fig. 1, and in figure cylinder is multiple structure, and low head is single layer structure, and low head is thick
Degree is less than the gross thickness of cylinder；
Figure 11 is the enlarged diagram in the middle part of Fig. 1, and in figure cylinder is multiple structure；
Figure 12 is the partial structural diagram that in Fig. 1, low head periphery is cased with Reinforced Hoop；
Figure 13 is the partial structural diagram of Reinforced Hoop, and the lower surface of in figure Reinforced Hoop has several circumferentially distributed screw threads
Hole；
Figure 14 is that the stair-stepping local that is shaped as of the bevel for welding of multi-layer cylinder and low head and Reinforced Hoop upper end in Figure 12 is tied
Structure schematic diagram；
Figure 15 is that the external cylindrical surface of barrel end and end cap is provided with the partial structural diagram of jack supporting platform；
Figure 16 be the c of single jack supporting platform in Figure 15 to schematic diagram, in figure is strengthened gusset quantity and is 2 pieces；
Figure 17 be the c of single jack supporting platform in Figure 15 to schematic diagram, in figure is strengthened gusset quantity and is 1 piece.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the embodiment that is given, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 15, the major diameter high-pressure bottle of a kind of employing barrel end and kingbolt attachment structure, under having
End socket 1, cylinder 2, barrel end 3, end cap 5, are provided with potted component 4 between barrel end 3 and end cap 5, described barrel end 3
Interior diameterdMore than or equal to φ 1800mm, the end face 3-1 of described barrel end 3 has several circumferentially distributed outer ring spiral shells
Pit 3-2 and several circumferentially distributed inner ring screwed hole 3-3, if having on described end cap 5 several outer rings bolt hole 5-2 and
A dry inner ring bolt hole 5-3, the outer ring bolt hole 5-2 on described end cap 5 and the quantity of inner ring bolt hole 5-3 and position respectively with
Outer ring screwed hole 3-2 on the end face 3-1 of barrel end 3 and the quantity of inner ring screwed hole 3-3 and position are mutually corresponding, described cylinder
, built with outer ring kingbolt 7, inner ring screwed hole 3-3 is built with inner ring kingbolt 9, described for outer ring screwed hole 3-2 in body end portion 3
Outer ring kingbolt 7 passes through the outer ring bolt hole 5-2 on end cap 5, and described inner ring kingbolt 9 passes through the inner ring bolt hole on end cap 5
5-3, equipped with outer ring mother nut 6, the outer end of described inner ring kingbolt 9 is equipped with inner ring mother nut for the outer end of described outer ring kingbolt 7
8, described outer ring mother nut 6 and outer ring kingbolt 7 and inner ring mother nut 8 and inner ring kingbolt 9 common that described end cap 5 is fixing
On barrel end 3.
As shown in Fig. 3,5, the outer ring screwed hole 3-2 on described barrel end 3 and the quantity of inner ring screwed hole 3-3 are equal,
And respectively it is 24 ~ 60, that is, the quantity of inner ring kingbolt 9 is equal with the quantity of outer ring kingbolt 7, now can be by inner ring kingbolt
9 circumferentially-spaced with the position of outer ring kingbolt 7 be staggeredly arranged, ensure often enclose kingbolt circumference spacing and inside and outside two circle in phase
In the case of adjacent kingbolt spacing, radial spacings between inside and outside two circle kingbolt center circle can be reduced so that barrel end
Inside and outside two circle kingbolts on end face are arranged to very compact, and arrange conveniently；Certainly, in order to meet intensity requirement it is also possible to
Be inner ring kingbolt 9 quantity unequal with the quantity of outer ring kingbolt 7.
As shown in Fig. 1,7,15, the diameter of described inner ring kingbolt 9 is less than the diameter of outer ring kingbolt 7.Due to inner ring master
Diameter of centre hole in bolts is less than outer ring kingbolt center circle diameter, so that the circumferential spacing of the kingbolt often enclosing and kingbolt
The ratio of diameter is of substantially equal, so inside and outside two circle kingbolt arrangements will be compacter；Certainly, in order to meet intensity requirement,
It can be the diameter equal to outer ring kingbolt 7 for the diameter of inner ring kingbolt 9.
Outer ring kingbolt 7 and the concrete diameter needed for inner ring kingbolt 9 and quantity, by interior diameter and the design pressure of container
Determined according to Strength co-mputation.Radial spacing between inside and outside two circle kingbolt center circle is it should meet adjacent in inside and outside two circles
The requirement of kingbolt spacing, when outer ring mother nut or inner ring mother nut being tightened using instrument, two neighboring in inside and outside two circles
Suitable spacing should be left to adopt tool operation between mother nut.
Described outer ring mother nut 6 and the following of inner ring mother nut 8 can place packing ring, and described packing ring can be plain washer,
Can also be spheric washer, when using spheric washer, the sphere being shaped as matching with spheric washer of mother nut lower surface, adopt
The perpendicularity deviation of kingbolt axis on barrel end can be compensated with spheric washer.
As shown in Fig. 1,4,5,6,7, described end cap 5 is made up of with convex head 5-2 flange 5-1, certainly, described end cap 5
Can also be flat cover, when the diameter of container is very big or design pressure is very high, the combinative structure using flange and convex head can
To reduce material usage, reduce manufacturing cost, and when the diameter of container is not very big or design pressure is not very high, then adopt
Flat cover is more convenient.When described end cap 5 is made up of flange 5-1 and convex head 5-2, described convex head 5-2 is two-layer or two
Multiple structure more than layer, when the gross thickness of convex head 5-2 is very big, can reduce the thickness of steel plate used using multiple structure
Degree, convenient processing；If convex head 5-2 thickness is not very big, single layer structure can be adopted, because adopting single layer structure saving of labor
Save time.
As shown in fig. 7, when described end cap 5 adopts flat cover, processing outer ring bolt hole 5-2 in the outer rim connecting portion of flat cover
With inner ring bolt hole 5-3, the quantity of outer ring bolt hole 5-2 and inner ring bolt hole 5-3 and the position end face with barrel end 3 respectively
Outer ring screwed hole 3-2 on 3-1 and the quantity of inner ring screwed hole 3-3 and position are mutually corresponding.
As shown in Fig. 8,9,10,11,12,14, described cylinder 2 is multiple structure, and the gross thickness needed for when cylinder 2 is larger
When, in order to improve the safety of high-pressure bottle, described cylinder 2 can adopt multiple structure, and described multiple structure is typically many
Plate binding structure for binding or winding board structure or around band structure or Multi-layer thermal nested structure layer by layer, or
Multilamellar laminated board dressing, winding board, two or more the combinative structure in band, multilamellar hot jacket, the gross thickness needed for cylinder 2
Determined according to Strength co-mputation.When cylinder 2 is multilamellar laminate binding structure for binding, if wrapping up dried layer outside the inner core of relatively small thickness
The less laminate composition multiple structure of thickness, the number of plies of required laminate determines according to Strength co-mputation.Cylinder 2 adopts multiple structure not
Improve only the safety of container, and the convenient difficulty processing, can reducing welding job, greatly improve production efficiency, from
And reduce manufacturing cost.
Multilamellar laminate binding structure for binding is to adopt most multiple structures at present, and structure is reliable, but the production cycle is long；Around
Plate and little around band multiple structure welding job amount, production efficiency is high, but outermost layer circumference discontinuous it is impossible to directly as outermost
Layer, can winding board or around the outside of band structure again use the multilamellar laminate binding structure for binding of the suitable number of plies, composition multiple layer combination structure；
Multi-layer thermal nested structure is because relatively good in the thickness direction heat transfer property of cylinder, it is possible to reduce the thermal (temperature difference) stress of cylinder, but multilamellar
Hot jacket structure processing request is high, when the operating temperature of container is higher, can adopt the multilamellar of the suitable number of plies in the inwall of cylinder
Hot jacket structure, outside uses multilamellar laminate binding structure for binding or winding board structure again, around band structure, can be improved using this combinative structure
The force-bearing situation of cylinder inner wall.So, using multilamellar laminated board dressing, winding board, around band, two or more in multilamellar hot jacket
Combinative structure, the advantage that each of the configurations can be had concurrently.
Certainly, as needed, described cylinder 2 can also be single layer structure.
As shown in Figure 8,9, 10, described low head 1 is the multiple structure of more than two-layer or two-layer, when the total thickness of low head 1
When degree is very big, the thickness of steel plate used can be reduced using multiple structure, convenient process；If low head 1 thickness is not very big,
Single layer structure can be adopted, because adopting single layer structure saving of work and time.
As shown in Figure 12 ~ 14, when the thickness of low head 1 is less than the gross thickness of cylinder 2, can be in the periphery of low head 1
Setting Reinforced Hoop 10, to improve the stress state of cylinder and not uniform thickness end socket connecting portion, eliminates end and the low head of cylinder
Join domain occur obvious stress concentration situation, improve the security reliability at this position.But, what prior art provided sets
Put the pressure vessel of Reinforced Hoop, the overall diameter of Reinforced Hoop is equal with the overall diameter of cylinder (" to carry Reinforced Hoop hemispherical envelope see a kind of
The utility model patent of the high-pressure bottle of header structure ", number of patent application: cn 97249860.5, and one kind be " skirt supporting
The application for a patent for invention of hemispherical head vertical pressure vessel ", number of patent application: cn201610410480.8), due to Reinforced Hoop
Lower surface radial width smaller, if the supporting surface that the lower surface of Reinforced Hoop is installed as container, container can be led to
Unstable after installation.In the present invention, the overall diameter of Reinforced Hoop 10 lower end is more than the overall diameter of cylinder 2 in order to increase reinforcement
The radial width of hoop lower surface, the lower surface making Reinforced Hoop can be as the supporting surface that container is installed it is not necessary to other setting be propped up
Support structure, can be cost-effective, reduces cost.
As shown in figure 13, in order that more preferable supporting role is played in the lower surface of Reinforced Hoop 10, can be in Reinforced Hoop 10
Several circumferentially distributed screwed hole 10-1 are processed on lower surface, is easy to secure the container in base using bolt when container is installed
On plinth, accomplish to firmly install.
As shown in Fig. 8,9,10,11,12,14, when cylinder 2 is multiple structure, the laminate end of cylinder 2 and barrel end
Bevel for welding pattern between 3 or and low head 1 and Reinforced Hoop 10 between, can be scarf bevel for welding or
Stairstepping bevel for welding, can also be the collocation pattern of scarf bevel for welding and stairstepping bevel for welding, that is, when the layer of laminate
When number is more, the end of a portion laminate is scarf bevel for welding, and the end of a part of laminate is welded for stairstepping
Groove.The structure of stairstepping bevel for welding has preferable fatigue resistance, scarf bevel for welding and stairstepping bevel for welding
Collocation pattern can reduce the axial dimension of whole welded seam area.
As shown in Figure 15,16,17, on the external cylindrical surface of described barrel end 3 and described end cap 5 external cylindrical surface last week
To be distributed with that three is secondary or three pairs more than jack supporting platform 11, equipment using scene when needing to open end cap 5, first pine
Open and pull down outer ring mother nut 6 and inner ring mother nut 8, then between every pair jack supporting platform 11, place auxiliary machine tool thousand
End cap 5 with jack by end cap 5 jack-up, then is removed by jin top with Lifting implementses.The quantity of jack supporting platform 11 is according to cylinder
The specification of the jack that the weight of the overall diameter in body end portion 3 and end cap 5 and intending adopts determines, but minimum be no less than 3 secondary, very heavy
The size of top support platform 11 is joined by the base dimensions of the jack intending employing.
As shown in Figure 16,17, jack supporting platform 11 is made up of support plate 11-1 and reinforcement gusset 11-2, single very heavy
Generally 2 pieces of the quantity of the reinforcement gusset 11-2 of top support platform, if support plate 11-1 size less, strengthens gusset 11-2
Can be 1 piece.Two-piece structure in one secondary jack supporting platform is identical, but two-piece support plate should relative cloth
Put, certainly, jack supporting platform can also adopt other structures.
After being provided with jack supporting platform, increased the overall dimensions of equipment, will make troubles to transport.For convenience
Transport, can need on the external cylindrical surface of barrel end 3 and on the external cylindrical surface of end cap 5 to arrange jack supporting platform
Position, pre-sets backing plate, after equipment transports to erecting bed, then jack supporting platform 11 is soldered on backing plate.
Described potted component 4 can be bipyramid ring or b shape ring or c shape ring or o ring, can also be
No pad welded seal element.
Described potted component 4 is made up of conventional metal material.
With the shape of potted component 4 contact site and structure according to potted component used on described barrel end 3 and end cap 5
Requirement determine.
Described end cap 5 is assemblied on the end face of barrel end 3, by outer ring mother nut 6 and outer ring kingbolt 7 and inner ring master
Nut 8 and inner ring kingbolt 9 jointly end cap 5 are fixed on barrel end 3, and are compacted to potted component 4 by end cap 5 close
Envelope state.
Illustrate in the introduction several needing using kingbolt diameter more than φ 160mm(m160 of listing) major diameter
High-pressure bottle, the circle kingbolt on barrel end end face is changed to after the inside and outside two circle kingbolts of arrangement, if inside and outside two circle masters
The quantity of bolt is unequal, and the diameter of inside and outside two circle kingbolts is selected after needing to calculate as the case may be；If inside and outside
The quantity of two circle kingbolts is equal, and kingbolt material is still 40crnimoa, then according to calculating, required inside and outside two circle kingbolts
A diameter of:
When the interior diameter of container is φ 3200mm, design pressure is 35mpa, and design temperature is 200 DEG C, from outer ring kingbolt
A diameter of φ 160mm(m160), a diameter of φ 140mm(m140 of inner ring kingbolt), each 38 of quantity, inside and outside two circle kingbolts
Radial spacing between center circle be 265mm, you can meet " barrel end " size regulation and kingbolt circumference spacing and
The requirement of the adjacent main pitch of bolts in inside and outside two circles；When the interior diameter of container is φ 3200mm, design pressure drops to 20mpa,
Design temperature is 200 DEG C, from a diameter of φ 110mm(m110 of outer ring kingbolt), a diameter of φ 95mm of inner ring kingbolt
(m95), each 48 of quantity, the radial spacing between inside and outside two circle kingbolt center circle is 175mm, you can meet " cylinder end
The size in portion " specify and kingbolt circumference spacing and inside and outside two circle in adjacent main pitch of bolts requirement.
When the interior diameter of container is φ 2000mm, design pressure is 35mpa, and design temperature is 200 DEG C, from the main spiral shell in outer ring
A diameter of φ 120mm(m120 of bolt), a diameter of φ 105mm(m105 of inner ring kingbolt), each 28 of quantity, inside and outside two circle masters
Radial spacing between centre hole in bolts is 185mm, you can meet between size regulation and the kingbolt circumference of " barrel end "
The requirement of the adjacent main pitch of bolts in enclosing with inside and outside two.
When the interior diameter of container is φ 1800mm, design pressure is 35mpa, and design temperature is 300 DEG C, from the main spiral shell in outer ring
A diameter of φ 110mm(m110 of bolt), a diameter of φ 95mm(m95 of inner ring kingbolt), each 28 of quantity, the inside and outside two main spiral shells of circle
Radial spacing between bolt center circle is 170mm, you can meet size regulation and the kingbolt circumference spacing of " barrel end "
Requirement with the adjacent main pitch of bolts in inside and outside two circles.
When the design pressure of container, interior diameter exceed gb 150.3-2011 " pressure vessel third portion: design " annex c
After the scope of " sealing structure ", if using analysis design method design, when required kingbolt on major diameter high-pressure bottle is straight
Footpath is more than φ 160mm(m160) when, equally can be using the structure that inside and outside two circle kingbolts are arranged on the end face of barrel end.
If container interior diameter is more than the design pressure of φ 3200mm or container more than 35mpa, required inside and outside two circle masters
The quantity of bolt can exceed that each 48, even up to each 60.
If container interior diameter is more than the design pressure of φ 3200mm or container more than 35mpa, even if in barrel end
Inside and outside two circle kingbolts are arranged on end face, but according to calculating, required kingbolt diameter are still more than φ 160mm(m160),
Now can also from diameter greater than or be equal to φ 180mm(m180) kingbolt, but corresponding measure should be taken.
For required kingbolt a diameter of φ 160mm(m160) high-pressure bottle although can be using in barrel end
The structure of arrangement one circle kingbolt on end face, but because kingbolt diameter ratio is larger, not very convenient in actual use
, so the circle kingbolt on barrel end end face can also be changed to the inside and outside two circle kingbolts of arrangement.For example in background skill
A kind of high-pressure bottle listed in art, the interior diameter of container is φ 1800mm, and design pressure is 35mpa, and design temperature is 200
DEG C, need a diameter of φ 160mm(m160 from kingbolt), quantity is 20, just can meet the size rule of " barrel end "
The requirement of the circumferential spacing of fixed and kingbolt.If the circle kingbolt on barrel end end face is changed to the inside and outside two circle masters of arrangement
, it is assumed that the quantity of inside and outside two circle kingbolts is equal, kingbolt material is constant, then according to calculating, from outer ring kingbolt for bolt
A diameter of φ 105mm(m105), a diameter of φ 95mm(m95 of inner ring kingbolt), each 28 of quantity, in inside and outside two circle kingbolts
Radial spacing between heart circle is 165mm, you can meet size regulation and the kingbolt circumference spacing and interior of " barrel end "
The requirement of the adjacent main pitch of bolts in outer two circles.If the design pressure of container is less than 35mpa, the required inside and outside two main spiral shells of circle
The quantity of bolt can be less than each 28, and minimum can be each 24.
A circle kingbolt on barrel end end face is changed to after the inside and outside two circle kingbolts of arrangement, the radial ruler of barrel end
Although very little increased, outer ring kingbolt diameter is more much smaller than the diameter of the kingbolt arranging coil structures, according to " cylinder
The size regulation of end ", after outer ring kingbolt diameter reduces, the axial length of barrel end periphery can reduce.
In general, the suitable diameter of kingbolt is no more than φ 140mm(m140).By the circle on barrel end end face
After kingbolt is changed to the inside and outside two circle kingbolts of arrangement, the minimum diameter of required kingbolt is no less than φ 90mm(m90), when main spiral shell
The diameter of bolt is less than φ 90mm(m90) it is not necessary to inside and outside two circles of arrangement, otherwise will lead to that kingbolt diameter is too little, number
Amount is too many, and do so was both unreasonable, and uneconomical.
Claims (10)
1. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of a kind of employing barrel end and kingbolt attachment structure, have low head (1), cylinder (2),
Barrel end (3), end cap (5), be provided with potted component (4) between barrel end (3) and end cap (5) it is characterised in that: described cylinder
The interior diameter in body end portion (3)dMore than or equal to φ 1800mm, the end face (3-1) of described barrel end (3) have several weeks
To distribution outer ring screwed hole (3-2) and several circumferentially distributed inner ring screwed holes (3-3), described end cap (5) if on have
Dry outer ring bolt hole (5-2) and several inner ring bolts hole (5-3), the outer ring bolt hole (5-2) on described end cap (5) and interior
The quantity of circle bolt hole (5-3) and position respectively with the end face (3-1) of barrel end (3) on outer ring screwed hole (3-2) and interior
The quantity of circle screwed hole (3-3) and position are mutually corresponding, and the outer ring screwed hole (3-2) on described barrel end (3) is built with outer
Circle kingbolt (7), inner ring screwed hole (3-3) passes through on end cap (5) built with inner ring kingbolt (9), described outer ring kingbolt (7)
Outer ring bolt hole (5-2), described inner ring kingbolt (9) pass through end cap (5) on inner ring bolt hole (5-3), described outer ring master
Equipped with outer ring mother nut (6), the outer end of described inner ring kingbolt (9) is equipped with inner ring mother nut (8), described for the outer end of bolt (7)
Outer ring mother nut (6) and outer ring kingbolt (7) and inner ring mother nut (8) and inner ring kingbolt (9) common by described end cap (5)
It is fixed on barrel end (3).
2. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 1 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
Be: the outer ring screwed hole (3-2) on described barrel end (3) and the quantity of inner ring screwed hole (3-3) are equal, and respectively be 24 ~
60.
3. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 1 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
It is: the diameter of described inner ring kingbolt (9) is less than the diameter of outer ring kingbolt (7).
4. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 1 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
It is: described end cap (5) is made up of with convex head (5-2) flange (5-1), described convex head (5-2) is two-layer or two-layer
Above multiple structure.
5. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 1 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
It is: described end cap (5) is flat cover.
6. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 1 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
It is: described cylinder (2) is multiple structure, and described multiple structure can be multilamellar laminate binding structure for binding or winding board
Structure or around band structure or Multi-layer thermal nested structure, or multilamellar laminated board dressing, winding board, around band, multilamellar
Two or more combinative structure in hot jacket.
7. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 1 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
It is: described low head (1) is the multiple structure of more than two-layer or two-layer.
8. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 1 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
It is: the periphery of described low head (1) is cased with Reinforced Hoop (10), the overall diameter of described Reinforced Hoop (10) lower surface is more than cylinder
(2) overall diameter.
9. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of employing barrel end according to claim 8 and kingbolt attachment structure, its feature
It is: several circumferentially distributed screwed holes (10-1) are had on the lower surface of described Reinforced Hoop (10).
10. the major diameter high-pressure bottle of the employing barrel end according to claim 4 or 5 and kingbolt attachment structure, its
It is characterised by: to be distributed with three secondary for circumference on the external cylindrical surface of described barrel end (3) and on the external cylindrical surface of described end cap (5)
Or three jack supporting platforms (11) more than pair.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611083536.XA CN106369161A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Large-diameter high pressure vessel adopting barrel end and main bolt connecting structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611083536.XA CN106369161A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Large-diameter high pressure vessel adopting barrel end and main bolt connecting structure |
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Family
ID=57892313
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| CN201611083536.XA Pending CN106369161A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Large-diameter high pressure vessel adopting barrel end and main bolt connecting structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108869738A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-23 | 赵芹 | A kind of safe pressure container |
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