CN106363179A - Bottom valve - Google Patents
Bottom valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN106363179A CN106363179A CN201610773282.8A CN201610773282A CN106363179A CN 106363179 A CN106363179 A CN 106363179A CN 201610773282 A CN201610773282 A CN 201610773282A CN 106363179 A CN106363179 A CN 106363179A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/023—Lubricant mixed with the metal powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a bottom valve, and belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy. The bottom valve comprises a disc-shaped main body, a shaft boss, grooves and protrusions, wherein the grooves and the protrusions are arranged on the edge of the main body evenly, the main body and the shaft boss are arranged coaxially, and the grooves and the protrusions are arranged alternately; and a plurality of through holes are further formed in the main body and located in the inner sides of the grooves and the protrusions. The bottom valve is prepared from, by weight, 1-5 parts of aquadag, 1-5 parts of copper powder, 3-5 parts of nickel powder, 1-3 parts of molybdenum powder, 0.5-2 parts of chromium powder, 0.3-3 parts of lubricating agents, 1-5 parts of calcium fluoride, 0.3-3 parts of manganous sulphide, and 60-100 parts of water-atomized iron powder, wherein the water-atomized iron powder is formed by compounding two kinds of water-atomized iron powder with different particle sizes and specifically includes 20-40 parts of water-atomized iron powder with the particle size being 50-120 [mu]m and 40-60 parts of water-atomized iron powder with the particle size being 10-30 [mu]m. The bottom valve is low in surface porosity, small in dimensional tolerance, high in density, hardness and strength, and long in service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bottom valve, belong to powder metallurgical technology.
Background technology
It is known that the development with the epoch and progress.Material, the energy and information have been referred to as contemporary science and technology
Three big pillars.For material, the particularly ability of the level of understanding of advanced material, grasp and utilization, to a modern state
Science and technology and economic strength, overall national strength and progress of social civilization all will produce vital impact, the development of material
Closely related with national economy industry development.Powder metallurgy is with metal material (or the mixing of metal dust and non-metal powder
Thing) as raw material, through shaping and sintering the technical process manufacturing metal material, composite and all kinds product.Powder
Last metallurgy method has similar place to producing pottery, is therefore also solarmic process.
Powder metallurgy has a series of features technically and economically: first, powder metallurgy low cost in manufactured parts.
Compared with casting method, powder metallurgy process is very competitive in precision and cost these two aspects.Some in casting are asked
Topic, as big in segregation, amount of machining etc., then can be reduced or avoided with powder metallurgy process.During with powder metallurgy article of manufacture, gold
The total losses belonging to only have 1%-5%.Secondly, powder metallurgy process can produce cannot being produced with common smelting process, have special
The material of performance: such as porous material, oxide-dispersed alloy, tungsten. copper pseudo-alloy type electrical contact material, pottery and hard
Alloy and various composite etc..In addition, powder metallurgy process can also high-purity material, and do not bring dirt to material
Dye.
Powder metallurgy can be directly prepared into multiple machine components, such as in automobile friction, brake block, various gear, cam, chain
Apply in the parts such as wheel, connection valve, bottom valve, amortisseur.In existing technology, the processing to this parts mainly adopts casting
And machining, but either casting or machining all have waste raw material defect, in addition from the quality side of part
Face considers, casts the quality processing and also cannot meet requirement.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the high bottom valve of a kind of hardness, intensity.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal: a kind of bottom valve, including discoidal main body, aixs cylinder with
And it is uniformly arranged on the groove in body rim and protrusion, described main body and aixs cylinder are coaxially disposed, and described groove sets with protruding to replace
Put, described main body is additionally provided with some through holes in groove with the inner side protruded；Described bottom valve includes following composition and its weight portion
Number:
Aquadag 1-5 part
Copper powder 1-5 part
Nikel powder 3-5 part
Molybdenum powder 1-3 part
Chromium powder 0.5-2 part
Lubricant 0.3-3 part
Calcium fluoride 1-5 part
The sub- manganese 0.3-3 part of sulfuration
Water-atomized iron powder 60-100 part,
Wherein water-atomized iron powder is compounded by the water smoke iron powder of two kinds of different-grain diameters and forms, and wherein particle diameter is 50-120 μm of water
Atomized iron powder 20-40 part, particle diameter is 10-30 μm water-atomized iron powder 40-60 part.
The increase of copper powder content can directly improve the bending strength of product, but because its plasticity is poor, can reduce product
Rockwell hardness；And the impact to product mechanical performance for the increase of content of graphite is then contrary with copper powder, it can dramatically increase product
Rockwell hardness but reduces bending strength, the present invention based on water-atomized iron powder, by the proportioning of reasonable disposition copper powder and graphite, plus
Enter appropriate copper powder, graphite, nikel powder, molybdenum powder, chromium powder, directly adopt pulverulent material, without primary comminution, by one-shot forming pressure
System can be prepared by the good bottom valve of compactness, and the Rockwell hardness of bottom valve and bending strength are maintained at compared with poised state.The present invention adopts
Replace common graphite used in prior powder metallurgy process with aquadag, lubricant can be reduced during compressing
Use, the yield of sinter molding in sintering process, can be improved.Water-atomized iron powder of the present invention is two kinds of different-grain diameters
Water-atomized iron powder compound and form, without the mixture of particle diameter can make the powder particle of bottom valve during once compressing more
Plus be evenly distributed, improve the induction internal stress of bottom valve, improve the case hardness of bottom valve, reduce the top layer porosity, improve bottom valve
Compactness.
Preferably, described lubricant is polyvinyl isobutyl ether, metal oxide microparticle, zinc stearate, fatty acid
Bisamide is mixed in proportion the lubricant particle made by paraffin powder parcel, the matter shared by each composition in described lubricant particle
Amount percentage ratio is respectively as follows: polyvinyl isobutyl ether 40-50%, metal oxide microparticle 10-12%, zinc stearate 5-8%, fat
Sour bisamide 30-45%.Contain multiple Lubrication Compositions in lubricant particle it is easier to lubricant particle in dusty material all
Even distribution, lubricant particle appearance is covered by paraffin layer, and during pressed compact, paraffin layer is destroyed, and is conducive to the smooth demoulding.
Further preferably, described metal oxide microparticle is calcium oxide and/or aluminium oxide.
Further object is that provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned bottom valve, described preparation method include as
Lower step:
S1, batch mixing: weigh raw material by the composition and its weight portion of described bottom valve, the raw material weighing is poured into powder batch mixing
Machine mixes, and obtains uniform iron-based powder mix；
S2, compressing: iron-based powder mix to be sent in forming machine, bottom valve base is obtained using once compressing legal system
Part；
S3, oscillation pressure sintering: bottom valve blank is sintered to obtain bottom valve semi-finished product by oscillation pressure at 1100-1180 DEG C；
S4, grinding: grind carrying out resonance after bottom valve semi-finished product deburring, shaping with grinding agent, then surpassed successively
Sound wave cleaning, steam treatment obtain bottom valve of the present invention.
The preparation method of bottom valve of the present invention, by once compressing, then carries out oscillation pressure sintering, with prior art
In common sintering different, apply oscillation pressure in sintering process of the present invention and enhance the plastic deformation of crystal grain and crystal boundary under high temperature
The phenomenons such as sliding it is suppressed that crystal boundary migration, thus inhibiting the too fast growth of crystal grain.And oscillation pressure of the present invention causes for powder body again
Densification provides higher driving force, by the mechanism formic acid densification process of base substrate such as resetting, spreading and migrate, meanwhile,
Oscillation pressure accelerates the discharge that sintering later stage grain boundaries close pore, and then improves the compactness of bottom valve material, intensity, especially
It is fracture strength and aging resistance intensity.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned bottom valve, preferably, compressing pressure in step s2 is 220-280mpa, pressure
Temperature processed is 130-150 DEG C, and mold temperature is 150-170 DEG C.
Further preferably, carry out in the compressing mixed gas in hydrogen and nitrogen, the volume basis of hydrogen and nitrogen
Than for 1-3.8%: 96.2-99%.
When compressing, pressing pressure is basic and final products density is directly proportional.So that powder when pressure has just started to increase
Internal arch bridge is destroyed, and powder particle is subjected to displacement filling space each other, and rearranging position increases contact, and product density is anxious
Increase severely and add.Pressure is increased dramatically to exceeding after the critical pressure of powder particle, and powder particle starts to deform, and product density continues to increase
Plus.After pressure exceedes powder critical pressure, continue to improve pressure to the reduction of product density improved effect.For cost-effective, saving
Equipment acquisition expense is used, and the pressure of compacting of present invention selection, temperature control are in above range.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned bottom valve, preferably, dividing two at a sintering temperature in step s3 oscillation pressure sintering
Stage presses, and the first stage is constant pressure, and second stage is superimposed oscillation pressure on the basis of constant pressure in the first stage.
Further preferably, the constant pressure of first stage is 15-25mpa, and the excursion of the oscillation pressure of second stage is 5-
10mpa, frequency of oscillation is 25-50hz.Different from common sintering in prior art, apply vibration pressure in sintering process of the present invention
Power enhances the phenomenon such as the plastic deformation of crystal grain and Grain Boundary Sliding under high temperature it is suppressed that crystal boundary migration, thus inhibiting crystal grain
Too fast growth.And oscillation pressure of the present invention provides higher driving force for powder body densification again, by resetting, diffusion and migrating
Etc. the mechanism formic acid densification process of base substrate, meanwhile, oscillation pressure accelerates the discharge that sintering later stage grain boundaries close pore,
And then improve the compactness of bottom valve material, intensity, especially fracture strength and aging resistance intensity.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned bottom valve, preferably, in step s4 the consumption of grinding agent and bottom valve semi-finished product matter
Amount ratio is 2-4:1.Further preferably, the particle diameter of described grinding agent is 50-120 μm.Still further preferably, described grinding agent is two
One or more of silica abrasive, silicon carbide abrasive, white fused alumina abrasive material.By the size controlling of abrasive at 0.5-2.5 μm
The internal stress of induction, and then the mechanical load ability of raising bottom valve can be improved, improve its intensity, extend its service life.
Antirust agent, brightener etc. can also be added in resonance process of lapping, process of lapping effectively goes the same of flash removed
When effectively prevent part from aoxidizing in process of lapping, and make piece surface light.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned bottom valve, preferably, the temperature of steam treatment is 550-580 DEG C in step s4, when
Between be 0.5-3h.Compared with composition identical dense material, the tissue of bottom valve of the present invention is contained within certain hole, has hardness
The features such as low, corrosion resistance and poor air-tightness, post processing carries out to it steam treatment, can its Surface Creation a kind of hard and
Fine and close and iron-based body secure bond with fe304For the oxide layer of main body, can significantly improve Fe-based material hardness,
The performance indications such as comprcssive strength, rust resistance, wearability and air-tightness.
Compared with prior art, bottom valve of the present invention passes through its raw material of reasonable compatibility, has especially selected the water of different-grain diameter
Atomized iron powder and the lubricant containing Multiple components, and using powder metallurgy process, first one is compressing, then passes through two ranks
The oscillation pressure sintering of section, reduces the top layer porosity, minification tolerance, improves the density of bottom valve, improve bottom valve hardness and
Intensity, and then improve its service life.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the top view of bottom valve of the present invention.
In figure, 1, main body；2nd, aixs cylinder；3rd, groove；4th, protrude；5th, through hole.
Specific embodiment
The following is the specific embodiment of the present invention and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme is further described,
But the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of bottom valve, including discoidal main body 1, aixs cylinder 2 and be uniformly arranged in body rim
Groove 3 and protrusion 4, described main body 1 and aixs cylinder 2 are coaxially disposed, and described groove 3 is arranged alternately with protruding 4, in groove 3 in described main body
It is additionally provided with some through holes 5 with the inner side protruding 4；
Described bottom valve includes following composition and its parts by weight:
Aquadag 1-5 part
Copper powder 1-5 part
Nikel powder 3-5 part
Molybdenum powder 1-3 part
Chromium powder 0.5-2 part
Lubricant 0.3-3 part
Calcium fluoride 1-5 part
The sub- manganese 0.3-3 part of sulfuration
Water-atomized iron powder 60-100 part,
Wherein water-atomized iron powder is compounded by the water smoke iron powder of two kinds of different-grain diameters and forms, and wherein particle diameter is 50-120 μm of water
Atomized iron powder 20-40 part, particle diameter is 10-30 μm water-atomized iron powder 40-60 part.
Table 1: the composition of bottom valve and its mass fraction in embodiment 1-4
Embodiment 1
Batch mixing: weigh raw material by the composition of bottom valve and its weight portion described in table 1 embodiment 1, the raw material weighing is fallen
Enter powder mixer mixing, obtain uniform iron-based powder mix；Described lubricant is polyvinyl isobutyl ether, metal oxidation
Thing microgranule, zinc stearate, fatty acid bis-amides are mixed in proportion the lubricant particle made by paraffin powder parcel, described lubrication
In agent granule, the mass percent shared by each composition is respectively as follows: polyvinyl isobutyl ether 45%, metal oxide microparticle 11%, hard
Fat acid zinc 6%, fatty acid bis-amides 38%；Described metal oxide microparticle is that calcium oxide 5% (accounts for lubrication with aluminium oxide 6%
The mass percent of agent granule gross mass).
Compressing: by iron-based powder mix send into forming machine in, under the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen (hydrogen and
The percent by volume of nitrogen is 1-3.8%: 96.2-99%) bottom valve blank is obtained using once compressing legal system；Compressing
Pressure is 250mpa, and press temperature is 140 DEG C, and mold temperature is 160 DEG C.
Oscillation pressure sinters: under argon protection, bottom valve blank is placed in sintering furnace, applies in two stages at 1140 DEG C
Pressure, the first stage is constant pressure 20mpa, and second stage is superimposed oscillation pressure on the basis of constant pressure in the first stage
8mpa (i.e. second stage pressure is circulation vibrations between 12-28mpa), frequency of oscillation is 35hz, with 60 after insulation 40min
DEG C/speed of h is cooled to 860 DEG C, and release, then naturally cool to room temperature, obtain bottom valve semi-finished product.
Post processing: (consumption of grinding agent and the mass ratio of bottom valve semi-finished product are 3:1, institute by bottom valve semi-finished product grinding agent
The particle diameter stating grinding agent is 50-120 μm, and grinding agent is abrasive silica) carry out resonance grinding, it is then passed through ultrasound wave clear
Wash, then steam treatment 1.5h at 560 DEG C, obtains bottom valve of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Batch mixing: weigh raw material by the composition of bottom valve and its weight portion described in table 1 embodiment 2, the raw material weighing is fallen
Enter powder mixer mixing, obtain uniform iron-based powder mix；Described lubricant is polyvinyl isobutyl ether, metal oxidation
Thing microgranule, zinc stearate, fatty acid bis-amides are mixed in proportion the lubricant particle made by paraffin powder parcel, described lubrication
In agent granule, the mass percent shared by each composition is respectively as follows: polyvinyl isobutyl ether 48%, metal oxide microparticle 11%, hard
Fat acid zinc 7%, fatty acid bis-amides 34%；Described metal oxide microparticle is calcium oxide 5% and aluminium oxide 6% (accounts for lubrication
The mass percent of agent granule gross mass).
Compressing: by iron-based powder mix send into forming machine in, under the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen (hydrogen and
The percent by volume of nitrogen is 1-3.8%: 96.2-99%) bottom valve blank is obtained using once compressing legal system；Compressing
Pressure is 240mpa, and press temperature is 145 DEG C, and mold temperature is 155 DEG C.
Oscillation pressure sinters: under argon protection, bottom valve blank is placed in sintering furnace, applies in two stages at 1160 DEG C
Pressure, the first stage is constant pressure 22mpa, and second stage is superimposed oscillation pressure on the basis of constant pressure in the first stage
6mpa (i.e. second stage pressure is circulation vibrations between 16-28mpa), frequency of oscillation is 40hz, with 70 after insulation 45min
DEG C/speed of h is cooled to 870 DEG C, and release, then naturally cool to room temperature, obtain bottom valve semi-finished product.
Post processing: by bottom valve semi-finished product grinding agent (consumption of grinding agent and the mass ratio of bottom valve semi-finished product are 2.5:1,
The particle diameter of described grinding agent is 50-120 μm, and grinding agent is white fused alumina abrasive material) carry out resonance grinding, it is then passed through ultrasound wave clear
Wash, then steam treatment 2h at 570 DEG C, obtains bottom valve of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
Batch mixing: weigh raw material by the composition of bottom valve and its weight portion described in table 1 embodiment 3, the raw material weighing is fallen
Enter powder mixer mixing, obtain uniform iron-based powder mix；Described lubricant is polyvinyl isobutyl ether, metal oxidation
Thing particulate oxide calcium, zinc stearate, fatty acid bis-amides are mixed in proportion the lubricant particle made by paraffin powder parcel, institute
State the mass percent shared by each composition in lubricant particle and be respectively as follows: polyvinyl isobutyl ether 40%, metal oxide microparticle
Calcium oxide 12%, zinc stearate 8%, fatty acid bis-amides 40%.
Compressing: by iron-based powder mix send into forming machine in, under the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen (hydrogen and
The percent by volume of nitrogen is 1-3.8%: 96.2-99%) bottom valve blank is obtained using once compressing legal system；Compressing
Pressure is 280mpa, and press temperature is 150 DEG C, and mold temperature is 170 DEG C.
Oscillation pressure sinters: under argon protection, bottom valve blank is placed in sintering furnace, applies in two stages at 1100 DEG C
Pressure, the first stage is constant pressure 15mpa, and second stage is superimposed oscillation pressure on the basis of constant pressure in the first stage
5mpa (i.e. second stage pressure is circulation vibrations between 10-20mpa), frequency of oscillation is 25hz, with 80 after insulation 30min
DEG C/speed of h is cooled to 880 DEG C, and release, then naturally cool to room temperature, obtain bottom valve semi-finished product.
Post processing: (consumption of grinding agent and the mass ratio of bottom valve semi-finished product are 4:1, institute by bottom valve semi-finished product grinding agent
The particle diameter stating grinding agent is 50-120 μm, and grinding agent is silicon carbide abrasive, adds appropriate antirust agent, light always according to situation
Agent) carry out resonance grinding, it is then passed through ultrasound wave cleaning, then steam treatment 3h at 550 DEG C, obtains bottom valve of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
Batch mixing: weigh raw material by the composition of bottom valve and its weight portion described in table 1 embodiment 4, the raw material weighing is fallen
Enter powder mixer mixing, obtain uniform iron-based powder mix；Described lubricant is polyvinyl isobutyl ether, metal oxidation
Thing particulate oxide aluminum, zinc stearate, fatty acid bis-amides are mixed in proportion the lubricant particle made by paraffin powder parcel, institute
State the mass percent shared by each composition in lubricant particle and be respectively as follows: polyvinyl isobutyl ether 50%, metal oxide microparticle
Aluminium oxide 10%, zinc stearate 5%, fatty acid bis-amides 35%.
Compressing: by iron-based powder mix send into forming machine in, under the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen (hydrogen and
The percent by volume of nitrogen is 1-3.8%: 96.2-99%) bottom valve blank is obtained using once compressing legal system；Compressing
Pressure is 220mpa, and press temperature is 130 DEG C, and mold temperature is 150 DEG C.
Oscillation pressure sinters: under argon protection, bottom valve blank is placed in sintering furnace, applies in two stages at 1180 DEG C
Pressure, the first stage is constant pressure 25mpa, and second stage is superimposed oscillation pressure on the basis of constant pressure in the first stage
10mpa (i.e. second stage pressure is circulation vibrations between 15-35mpa), frequency of oscillation is 50hz, with 50 after insulation 30min
DEG C/speed of h is cooled to 850 DEG C, and release, then naturally cool to room temperature, obtain bottom valve semi-finished product.
Post processing: (consumption of grinding agent and the mass ratio of bottom valve semi-finished product are 2:1, institute by bottom valve semi-finished product grinding agent
State grinding agent particle diameter be 50-120 μm, grinding agent be abrasive silica, can also according to circumstances add appropriate antirust agent,
Brightener etc.) carry out resonance grinding, it is then passed through ultrasound wave cleaning, then steam treatment 0.5h at 580 DEG C, obtains bottom of the present invention
Valve.
Comparative example 1
With differing only in of embodiment 1, the water-atomized iron powder in this comparative example is single particle size water-atomized iron powder, and moistens
Lubrication prescription is the lubricant of normal conventional, and other are same as Example 1, are not repeated herein.
Comparative example 2
With differing only in of embodiment 1, it is only to be sintered being heated to 1100-1180 DEG C in this comparative example, other
Same as Example 1, it is not repeated herein.
In the present invention, except special instruction, other described techniques are common process, such as resonance grinding, ultrasound wave
Cleaning etc., other shown reagent are conventional reagent, such as antirust agent, brightener etc..
Bottom valve in embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-2 is carried out performance test, test result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2: the performance test results of bottom valve in embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-2
In sum, bottom valve of the present invention passes through its raw material of reasonable compatibility, has especially selected the water atomization ferrum of different-grain diameter
Powder and the lubricant containing Multiple components, and using powder metallurgy process, first one is compressing, then passes through shaking of two-stage
Swing pressure sintering, reduce the top layer porosity, minification tolerance, improve the density of bottom valve, improve bottom valve hardness and intensity, and then
Improve its service life.
This place embodiment is in place of the claimed non-limit of technical scope midrange and in embodiment technology
The new technical scheme in scheme, the equal replacement of single or multiple technical characteristics being formed, equally all in application claims
In the range of protection；Simultaneously the present invention program all enumerate or unrequited embodiment in, in the same embodiment each
Parameter is merely representative of an example (i.e. a kind of feasible scheme) of its technical scheme, and does not exist strict between parameters
Cooperation and qualified relation, wherein each parameter can mutually replace when stating and asking without prejudice to axiom and the present invention, special declaration
Except.
Specific embodiment described herein is only explanation for example to present invention spirit.The affiliated technology of the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement or substituted using similar mode to described specific embodiment, but simultaneously
Do not deviate by the spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bottom valve it is characterised in that include discoidal main body, aixs cylinder and be uniformly arranged on groove in body rim and
Protrude, described main body and aixs cylinder are coaxially disposed, and described groove is arranged alternately with protrusion, in groove and the inner side protruded in described main body
It is additionally provided with some through holes；Described bottom valve includes following composition and its parts by weight:
Aquadag 1-5 part
Copper powder 1-5 part
Nikel powder 3-5 part
Molybdenum powder 1-3 part
Chromium powder 0.5-2 part
Lubricant 0.3-3 part
Calcium fluoride 1-5 part
The sub- manganese 0.3-3 part of sulfuration
Water-atomized iron powder 60-100 part,
Wherein water-atomized iron powder is compounded by the water smoke iron powder of two kinds of different-grain diameters and forms, and wherein particle diameter is 50-120 μm of water atomization
Iron powder 20-40 part, particle diameter is 10-30 μm water-atomized iron powder 40-60 part.
2. bottom valve according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described lubricant is polyvinyl isobutyl ether, metal oxygen
Compound microgranule, zinc stearate, fatty acid bis-amides are mixed in proportion the lubricant particle made by paraffin powder parcel, described profit
In lubrication prescription granule, the mass percent shared by each composition is respectively as follows: polyvinyl isobutyl ether 40-50%, metal oxide microparticle
10-12%, zinc stearate 5-8%, fatty acid bis-amides 30-45%.
3. bottom valve according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described metal oxide microparticle is calcium oxide and/or oxygen
Change aluminum.
4. a kind of preparation method of bottom valve is it is characterised in that described preparation method comprises the steps:
S1, batch mixing: weigh raw material by the composition and its weight portion of described bottom valve, the raw material weighing is poured into powder mixer and mixes
Close, obtain uniform iron-based powder mix；
S2, compressing: iron-based powder mix to be sent in forming machine, bottom valve blank is obtained using once compressing legal system；
S3, oscillation pressure sintering: bottom valve blank is sintered to obtain bottom valve semi-finished product by oscillation pressure at 1100-1180 DEG C；
S4, grinding: grind carrying out resonance after bottom valve semi-finished product deburring, shaping with grinding agent, then carry out ultrasound wave successively
Cleaning, steam treatment obtain bottom valve of the present invention.
5. the preparation method of bottom valve according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that compressing pressure in step s2 is
220-280mpa, press temperature is 130-150 DEG C, and mold temperature is 150-170 DEG C.
6. the bottom valve according to claim 4 or 5 preparation method it is characterised in that compressing in hydrogen and nitrogen
Carry out in mixed gas, the percent by volume of hydrogen and nitrogen is 1-3.8%: 96.2-99%.
7. the preparation method of bottom valve according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that sintering in step s3 oscillation pressure sintering
At a temperature of press in two stages, the first stage is constant pressure, and second stage is folded on the basis of constant pressure in the first stage
Plus oscillation pressure.
8. the preparation method of bottom valve according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that the constant pressure of first stage is 15-
25mpa, the excursion of the oscillation pressure of second stage is 5-10mpa, and frequency of oscillation is 25-50hz.
9. the preparation method of bottom valve according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that grinding agent and bottom valve blank in step s4
Mass ratio is 2-4:1, and the particle diameter of grinding agent is 50-120 μm, and grinding agent is abrasive silica, silicon carbide abrasive, white fused alumina mill
One or more of material.
10. bottom valve according to claim 4 preparation method it is characterised in that in step s4 the temperature of steam treatment be
550-580 DEG C, the time is 0.5-3h.
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| CN201610773282.8A CN106363179B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of bottom valve |
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| CN110788332A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-14 | 济南市博瀚精工机械有限公司 | Powder metallurgy eccentric wheel for atomizer compression pump and preparation method thereof |
| CN111876643A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | Preparation method of high-strength and high-toughness WC-Fe-Ni hard alloy |
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|---|---|
| CN106363179B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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Denomination of invention: A bottom valve Effective date of registration: 20230113 Granted publication date: 20181221 Pledgee: Ningbo Yinzhou Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Science Technology Culture and Tourism Specialized Sub branch Pledgor: NINGBO TUOFA AUTOMOBILE COMPONENTS AND PARTS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023330000171 |