CN106355899A - Sensing positioning system for vehicles in parking lot based on passive UHF RFID - Google Patents
Sensing positioning system for vehicles in parking lot based on passive UHF RFID Download PDFInfo
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- CN106355899A CN106355899A CN201610989350.4A CN201610989350A CN106355899A CN 106355899 A CN106355899 A CN 106355899A CN 201610989350 A CN201610989350 A CN 201610989350A CN 106355899 A CN106355899 A CN 106355899A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/042—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using inductive or magnetic detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensing positioning system for vehicles in a parking lot based on passive UHF (Ultra High Frequency Radio) RFID (Frequency Identification Devices). The system comprises an automotive electronic identifier, a UHF antenna, a UHF RFID read-write device, a network switch, a server computer and a background visual system, wherein the UHF antenna is connected with the UHF RFID read-write device through a feeder line; the UHF RFID read-write device is connected with a server computer through the network switch; the background visual system is also connected with the server computer. According to the invention, a UHF RFID technique is adopted, so that the problem of high construction cost of the present parking lot based on the scheme including camera, infrared, and the like, can be solved; the problem that a certain automotive electronic identifier cannot be accurately positioned due to the shifting of a plurality of label reflection signals in a common UHF RFID technique can be solved; according to the invention, the passing time of the vehicle at the entrance of the parking lot can be shortened, the position information of the vehicle in the parking lot can be accurately positioned, a reverse vehicle-finding function is added and the time of the vehicle for finding the carport is shortened; the method provided by the invention is accurate and efficient, is low in cost, is easy and simple and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alignment system, specifically one kind are based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning
System.
Background technology
The construction of traffic infrastructure, vehicle safety management are that increasingly face one of each physical construction planning person is important
Problem.Intelligent parking lot is applied to various public places (cell, enterprise, government bodies, airport, railway station, hotel, supermarket
Deng).In these places, all generally existing parking difficulty, the problem of parking management hardly possible, especially in some high-grade community, enterprises
Industry, government organs' contradiction even more become increasingly conspicuous, and parking management is filled with flaws, and car owner is continuous with the dispute of estate management side.Rfid stops
Parking lot application can efficiently solve these problems, makes car owners have more convenient comfortable parking environment, so that parking lot is managed
The work of reason department becomes more sophisticated with easily.Brand-new estate management image not only can be established, can also strict careful receipts
Expense management process and the safety management effectively strengthening vehicle.
Rfid intelligent parking lot is the maturation based on the rfid technology one by one of popular, the domestic industry just day by day paid attention in the world
Exploitation and successful Application and produce.It can not anti-property processed, anti-interference, anti-fight, quick identity, Intelligent detecting etc.
Characteristic, certainly provides a kind of brand-new solution for all kinds of parking lot managements
Rfid(RF identification) it is a kind of contactless automatic identification technology, by radiofrequency signal automatic identification destination object,
And obtain related data.Identification work, without manual intervention, is operable with various adverse circumstances.Rfid technology can identify at a high speed list
Individual and multiple labels, swift and convenient to operate.Rfid has that data capacity is big, identification distance is remote, once identifies multiple targets, every
The features such as individual label all has global unique encodings, is widely used in industry-by-industry.
It is currently based on parking lot vehicle aware scheme a lot, be divided into following four big class according to the difference of transmission medium:
Geomagnetic induction coil aware scheme, infrared ray aware scheme, full video intelligent aware scheme and RF identification aware scheme.
Geomagnetic induction coil aware scheme application geomagnetic effect, by detecting that having or not metal object above geomagnetic induction coil judges to stop
Vehicle is had or not on parking stall, but to ripe parking lot, this system is such as installed, need, in the wiring of ground slot grooving, to greatly increase
System installation difficulty.
The greatest problem that infrared ray aware scheme exists is, when stopping on parking stall if any related personnel or object,
Can judge on parking stall, to stop there is vehicle, False Rate greatly improves.
Be most widely used at present is full video intelligent aware scheme.But the problems with that full video-aware scheme exists
Also result in popularization difficulty to greatly increase.One is that cost is too high, and every three parking stalls are accomplished by being equipped with a high-definition camera, and one
Platform high-definition camera cost is more than ten thousand yuan；Two is that response speed is slow, and thousands of parking stalls are carried out with continual intelligent image knowledge
When not needing to expend substantial amounts of calculating machine；3rd, affected by factors such as environment, illumination and weather, caused number plate discrimination not
Height, and video image identification can not effectively distinguish false-trademark deck, deliberately block the infringements such as number plate.Therefore, based on video
What the parking stall sensory perceptual system of Intelligent Recognition was applied at home is not a lot.
Radio frequency aware scheme.The parking card in radio frequency aware scheme is applied to be broadly divided into passive ic card, passive ic at present
Middle distance card, active 2.4g card etc..Passive ic card plays charge effect when only closely swiping the card in turnover parking lot, in passive ic
Distance card only can be used in fixing maturation community, and active 2.4g card has battery problem etc. etc..And
The most direct problem is not, all applications being blocked based on these all concentrate in the middle of parking lot turnover gate control system, not and car
Bound one by one, do not expanded to range of application in the middle of the vehicle location of parking lot.Based on passive uhf rfid technology
Vehicle electron identifying scheme:
Passive uhf rfid technology is to compare forward position in radio frequency aware scheme, meet a kind of technology of market trend.By uhf
Rfid REID is used on automobile, it is possible to achieve in time " perceived ", achievable urban transportation is dynamic, parking stall for vehicle
Static identification intelligent.Rfid REID is used on automobile, is that automobile installs " electronic tag ", can make vehicle and
When " perceived ", related data can Real-time Collection, arrangement and analysis, automatic vehicle identification in effectively solving parking lot, dynamic
Monitoring and the flow accurately difficult problem such as prediction.
The vehicle electron identifying 6 industry marks of correlation based on GB gb/t 29768- 2013 taken the lead by the Ministry of Public Security at present
During accurate (will rise in national standard) is being worked out and improved, these standards include that " vehicle electron identifying safe practice is wanted
Ask ", " vehicle electron identifying general technical specifications ", " vehicle electron identifying installation specification ", " vehicle electron identifying read-write equipment lead to
With technical conditions ", " vehicle electron identifying read-write equipment safety specifications " and " vehicle electron identifying read-write equipment install rule
Model ".Because vehicle electron identifying project has high demands to hyperfrequency rfid technology, and will forcibly national unified plan, cover
National more than 200,000,000 automobile of lid, this project Internet of Things project maximum by becoming the whole world.
At present, the vehicle electron identifying meeting international epc standard is applied in the existing small range pilot in various places parking lot, but still
Do not form scale, and this technology also only limits in the import and export management system being applied to parking lot.With based on China national mark
The development of accurate vehicle electron identifying project, all can install vehicle electron identifying later on each automobile, how by automotive electronics
Mark expanded application, in the parking stall perceptual positioning system in parking lot, is the problem that the system needs to solve.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of be based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning system, to solve
The problem proposing in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the following technical scheme of present invention offer:
One kind is based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning system, including vehicle electron identifying, uhf antenna, uhf
Rfid read-write equipment, the network switch, server computer and backstage visible system, described uhf antenna pass through feeder line with
Uhf rfid read-write equipment connects, and described uhf rfid read-write equipment is connected with server computer by the network switch,
Backstage visible system is also connected with server computer；Pass through to judge, contrast each uhf days using the rssi technology of uhf rfid
Line receives variation tendency and the energy power of the reflected signal of vehicle electron identifying, effectively judges that vehicle electron identifying arrives even
It is connected to the distance of uhf antenna and the movement tendency of uhf rfid read-write equipment, the antenna array scheme in described uhf antenna,
Reduce and control angle of coverage and the scope of each uhf antenna, effectively judge vehicle electron identifying a certain concrete side in space
Position.
As the further scheme of the present invention: the rssi technology of described uhf rfid read-write equipment can effectively judge vapour
Car electronic mark is to the distance of the uhf antenna being connected to uhf rfid read-write equipment end and orientation.
As the further scheme of the present invention: the antenna array scheme in described uhf antenna can effectively judge automobile
Electronic mark is in the concrete orientation in residing space.
As the present invention further scheme: described vehicle electron identifying is hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label,
From the bottom to top by release paper, glue-line, ceramic layer, antenna stack, sot encapsulation hyperfrequency rfid chip, pvc shell and surface printing layer
Composition.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of patent of the present invention is:
Using hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label, anti-transfer, not reproducible using it is achieved that the physical security of label and software
False proof, safe；
Rssi(recevied signal strength indication using in uhf rfid) technology, by judge, right
Stronger and weaker than the variation tendency of the reflected signal that each uhf antenna receives vehicle electron identifying and energy, effectively judge automobile
Electronic mark is to the distance of the uhf antenna being connected to uhf rfid read-write equipment end and movement tendency.
Using " antenna array scheme " in uhf antenna, reduce and control angle of coverage and the scope of each antenna, thus
Effectively judge vehicle electron identifying a certain concrete orientation in space.
In conjunction with rssi technology and antenna array scheme, solve antenna footprint inaccurately, and multiple tag reflection letter
Number drift, lead to not certain vehicle electron identifying problem of precise positioning；
By uhf rfid technology application in the vehicle perceptual positioning of parking lot, reduce the vehicle location infrared photography of current parking lot
The high construction cost of first-class scheme.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the system network topology figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is based on rssi technological orientation flow chart；
Fig. 3 is the uhf rfid read-write equipment structural representation that the present invention carries rssi function；
Fig. 4 is the parking position parking schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the vehicle electron identifying structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 6 carries the passive uhf rfid read-write equipment of rssi function.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes.
Refer to Fig. 1～6, in the embodiment of the present invention, one kind is based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning system
System, including vehicle electron identifying 1, uhf antenna 2, uhf rfid read-write equipment 3, the network switch 4, server computer 5 and
Backstage visible system 6, described uhf antenna 2 is connected with uhf rfid read-write equipment 3 by feeder line 7, and described uhf rfid reads
Write device 3 is connected with server computer 5 by the network switch 4, and backstage visible system 6 is also connected with server computer 5；
Pass through to judge, contrast the reflected signal that each uhf antenna 2 receives vehicle electron identifying 1 using the rssi technology of uhf rfid
Variation tendency and energy strong and weak, effectively judge vehicle electron identifying 1 to being connected to uhf days of uhf rfid read-write equipment 3
The distance of line 2 and movement tendency, the antenna array scheme in described uhf antenna, reduce and control covering of each uhf antenna 2
Lid angle and scope, effectively judge vehicle electron identifying 1 a certain concrete orientation in space.
The rssi technology of described uhf rfid read-write equipment 3 can effectively judge vehicle electron identifying 1 to being connected to uhf
The distance of uhf antenna 2 at rfid read-write equipment 3 end and orientation.
Antenna array scheme in described uhf antenna 2 can effectively judge the tool in residing space for the vehicle electron identifying 1
Body orientation.
Described vehicle electron identifying 1 be hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label, from the bottom to top by release paper 8, glue-line 9,
Ceramic layer 10, antenna stack 11, sot encapsulation hyperfrequency rfid chip 12, pvc shell 13 and surface printing layer 14 form.
Described uhf antenna, in the application of later stage system, scalable to the multiple little module antenna of individual antenna is constituted, will
Aerial radiation scope narrows, and signal sector coverage area domain only covers corresponding parking stall headstock region, mitigates backstage complex data computation
Amount.
In conjunction with rssi technology and antenna array scheme, solve antenna footprint inaccurately, and multiple tag reflection letter
Number drift, lead to not certain vehicle electron identifying problem of precise positioning.
Described vehicle electron identifying be hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label, the rfid tamper of this hyperfrequency pottery label by
Under supreme by release paper, glue-line, ceramic layer, antenna stack, sot encapsulation hyperfrequency rfid chip, pvc shell and surface printing layer group
Become, paste and front windshield, bind one by one with information of vehicles.
Described vehicle electron identifying is hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label, and its label antenna is using having anti-metal work(
The antenna line style of energy.The label back side is pasted with it is ensured that tag reader performance only declines 15 ~ 20% during the materials such as tinfoil, effectively solving
When original pottery label attaches tinfoil behind, label can not be read problem.
Described vehicle electron identifying is hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label, using punching, space in the middle of ceramic base version
Top welding sot encapsulation hyperfrequency rfid chip.Label with gum is pasted in vehicle windscreen it is impossible to shift.As
Label is tolled breakdown down, causes the rfid chip electric property of sot encapsulation to lose efficacy, so that electronic tag lost efficacy.
Described vehicle electron identifying is hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label, with hyperfrequency rfid chip, Ke Yiyong
In writing and store encryption data, AES etc..Ensure a car one, it is to avoid be cloned, replicate.
Server computer, is connected with multiple stage hyperfrequency rfid read-write equipment by the network switch.Its function is to deposit
Store up all rfid label informations, coordinate the work of multiple stage hyperfrequency rfid read-write equipment, simultaneously to hyperfrequency rfid read-write equipment
The vehicle electron identifying information obtaining carries out verifying, counts.
Vehicle electron identifying such as Fig. 4, it is mainly by release paper (8), glue-line (9), ceramic layer (10), antenna stack (11), sot
Encapsulation hyperfrequency rfid chip (12), pvc shell (13) and surface printing layer (14) composition.
Measuring method based on signal intensity (rssi) technology:
It is a low cost and the distance measurement technique of low complex degree based on the range finding of signal intensity (rssi), be widely used in
Wireless sensor network is based in the location technology of distance.Based on the location technology of rssi range finding, by linear regression analyses pair
Parameter is optimized, and introduces gaussian filtering model, rssi value is modified, improves range accuracy.Using Taylor series exhibition
Drive and position is iterated calculate, in parking lot, finally carry out the experimental verification of 2 ~ 3 cars, calculated by emulation and experimental verification
The feasibility of method and superiority.This algorithm reduces position error, improves positioning precision.
Fig. 6 is the passive uhf rfid read-write equipment with rssi function, can measure vehicle electron identifying translational speed and
Direction: 1.uhf rfid read-write equipment receives vehicle electron identifying in the return signal of position 1, energy detection circuit calculates number
Word base band 1 road signal and the energy of digital baseband 2 road signal, are recorded as uv1 and uv2 respectively and report current time t1 to mcu；
2.muc calculates vehicle electron identifying and is in amplitude a1 and angle 1 during 1 position；The vapour to be received such as 3.uhf rfid read-write equipment
Car electronic mark is in the return signal of position 2, if receiving return signal, enters next step；As do not received return signal,
Then continue waiting for；4., when vehicle electron identifying moves into place 2, record the return signal in position 2 and calculate energy, and to
Mcu reports current time t2；5.mcu calculating vehicle electron identifying is in amplitude a2 and the angle 2 during position 2, if a2 is more than a1,
Then vehicle electron identifying moves towards read-write equipment antenna direction；If a2 is less than a1, vehicle electron identifying deviates from read-write equipment
Antenna direction moves, and according to angle, can calculate outgoing label translational speed.
Automobile is presented herein below and enters the concrete link that parking lot applies rssi technology, antenna array scheme enforcement accurately to perceive.
When the vehicle posting vehicle electron identifying label enters in parking lot, car owner according to led navigational panel in field, finds idle car first
Position, parks cars.Employ array technique, reduce the angle of coverage of antenna so that electricity only on the adjacent parking stall in parking stall
Sub-mark can be read.
Now, in parking lot, when having storing cycle on adjacent a parking stall and b parking stall it is possible to occur three kinds of feelings
Condition.
Uhf antenna above 1.a parking stall only reads a logo label, and the uhf antenna above b parking stall only reads b logo
Sign.Now the label data each collecting and energy signal are transferred to backstage by a, b antenna.
2., due to signal drift, above a parking stall, antenna reads a logo label and b logo label, uhf days above b parking stall simultaneously
Line only reads b logo label.Now above a parking stall, a, b of simultaneously collecting label data and energy signal are transferred to by antenna
Backstage, because antenna distance is different above a, b tag distances a parking stall, then returns to the energy intensity on backstage and variation tendency not
With above cooperation b parking stall, antenna transmission, to the label signal on backstage and energy intensity and variation tendency, accurately judges car simultaneously
It is close towards which parking stall, simultaneously after stationary vehicle, judge that vehicle is off in parking stall a or parking stall b.For example, car
Above a of position, the reflected signal trend that receives of antenna is as the time dying down, and the same mark that above b, antenna receives
Reflected signal trend be to strengthen, illustrate that vehicle is in close b parking stall；After stationary vehicle, sky above antenna and b above a
The receipt signal of line is basicly stable, and now above b, the receipt signal of antenna is more than antenna receiving signal above a, thus judges
Vehicle stops on b parking stall.
3., due to signal drift, the antenna above a parking stall reads a logo label and b logo label, the sky above b parking stall simultaneously
Line also reads b logo label and a logo label simultaneously.Now, it is transferred to the reflection having 4 groups of vehicle electron identifying in the data in backstage
Signal data and trend.Method according to 2, the variation tendency according to every group of reflected signal data and power can be accurate
Judge a parking stall a logo label, b parking stall b logo label.
Above judgement, can be extended to multiple adjacent parking stalls and judge mutually.
The results showed, present invention description based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle sensory perceptual system it is achieved that to car
Accurate perception on parking stall and positioning, and in later stage large-scale application, the current parking lot of substantial solution is based on
Image high construction cost problem in the scheme such as infrared.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of the spirit or essential attributes of the present invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than described above limits, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.Any reference in claim should not be considered as limiting involved claim.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, not each embodiment only wraps
Containing an independent technical scheme, only for clarity, those skilled in the art should for this narrating mode of description
Using description as an entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment can also form those skilled in the art through appropriately combined
Understandable other embodiment.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning system, including vehicle electron identifying (1), uhf antenna
(2), uhf rfid read-write equipment (3), the network switch (4), server computer (5) and backstage visible system (6), it is special
Levy and be, described uhf antenna (2) is connected with uhf rfid read-write equipment (3) by feeder line (7), described uhf rfid reads
Write device (3) is connected with server computer (5) by the network switch (4), and backstage visible system (6) is also calculated with server
Machine (5) is connected；Rssi technology using uhf rfid receives vehicle electron identifying by judging, contrasting each uhf antenna (2)
(1) variation tendency of reflected signal and energy are strong and weak, effectively judge that vehicle electron identifying (1) is read to being connected to uhf rfid
The distance of uhf antenna (2) of write device (3) and movement tendency, the antenna array scheme in described uhf antenna, reduce and control
Make angle of coverage and the scope of each uhf antenna (2), effectively judge vehicle electron identifying (1) a certain concrete orientation in space.
2. according to claim 1 based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning system it is characterised in that institute
The rssi technology of uhf rfid read-write equipment (3) stating can effectively judge vehicle electron identifying (1) to being connected to uhf rfid
The distance of uhf antenna (2) and orientation that read-write equipment (3) is held.
3. according to claim 1 based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning system it is characterised in that
Antenna array scheme in described uhf antenna (2) can effectively judge the concrete side in residing space for the vehicle electron identifying (1)
Position.
4. according to claim 1 based on passive uhf rfid parking lot vehicle perceptual positioning system it is characterised in that
Described vehicle electron identifying (1) is hyperfrequency rfid tamper pottery label, from the bottom to top by release paper (8), glue-line (9), pottery
Enamel coating (10), antenna stack (11), sot encapsulation hyperfrequency rfid chip (12), pvc shell (13) and surface printing layer (14) group
Become.
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| CN201610989350.4A CN106355899B (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | Parking lot vehicle sensing and positioning system based on passive UHF RFID |
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| CN109034313A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-18 | 刘丽 | Parking stall use state detection method, system, reflective tape and anticollision strip |
| CN109151729A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-04 | 苏州涵轩信息科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle positioning and navigation method |
| WO2019210589A1 (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-11-07 | 深圳市方格尔科技有限公司 | Parking fee collection device and method based on passive vehicle-mounted tag |
| CN110852124A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-28 | 苏州车付通信息科技有限公司 | RFID system capable of detecting vehicle |
| CN111243282A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-05 | 上海瑞章物联网技术有限公司 | Vehicle identification system |
| CN111311957A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-06-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Parking guidance system based on RFID and unmanned aerial vehicle and working method |
| CN111402477A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-07-10 | 天津中兴智联科技有限公司 | Parking lot management system and method based on RFID vehicle positioning |
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