CN106352905A - Fiber bragg grating demodulating system and demodulator - Google Patents
Fiber bragg grating demodulating system and demodulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN106352905A CN106352905A CN201510411841.6A CN201510411841A CN106352905A CN 106352905 A CN106352905 A CN 106352905A CN 201510411841 A CN201510411841 A CN 201510411841A CN 106352905 A CN106352905 A CN 106352905A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber bragg grating demodulating system and a demodulator. The system comprises a controller, an acquiring device, a tunable light source device, a coupler, a photoelectric converter and a signal processing circuit, wherein the controller controls the tunable light source device, the acquiring device and analysis and processing of data; the acquiring device receives pulse triggering signals of the tunable light source device, acquires data of the signal processing circuit and transmits the acquired data to the controller; the tunable light source device is controlled by the controller to adjust wavelength of a laser source and transmits the laser source to the coupler; during wavelength switching, the pulse triggering signals are output to the acquiring device; the coupler receives the signals of the tunable light source device and provides light signals for the a fiber bragg grating sensor which is serially connected with the coupler; the photoelectric converter receives the light signals reflected by the fiber bragg grating sensor through the coupler and converts the light signals into electric signals; and the signal processing circuit receives the electric signals transmitted from the photoelectric converter, processes the electric signals and transmits the processed data to the acquiring module. The fiber bragg grating demodulating system is high in speed, high in precision and large in dynamic range.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to Optical Demodulation field, it is more particularly to a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system and demodulation
Instrument.
Background technology:
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (fbg) is one kind emerging in the world in photoelectricity such as optical-fibre communications, Fibre Optical Sensors
The basic optical fibre device of subprocessing field extensive application prospect.The making of current fbg and application
Research becomes the focus and emphasis of countries in the world optical fiber technology research.As sensing element, fiber grating will
Sensed information is converted into the movement of its reflection wavelength, i.e. Wavelength-encoding, thus is not fluctuated by light source power
Impact with its system loss.In addition, fiber grating has good reliability, electromagnetism interference, anticorrosive
The features such as it is easy to multiple fiber gratings are connected on an optical fiber composition optical fiber optical grating array, realize point
Cloth senses, and this is less than other sensing elements.The key of fbg sensor is that accurate inspection
Survey the minute movement of bragg reflection wavelength, Wavelength-encoding signal is demodulated.
From the point of view of the lightwave signal of demodulation, the demodulation scheme of fiber grating sensing signal include intensity demodulation,
Phase demodulating, frequency demodulation, polarization demodulation Wavelength demodulation etc..Wherein, wavelength interrogation technique have by
The information of sensing carries out Wavelength-encoding, and central wavelength narrowband reflection is it is not necessary to the joints of optical fibre and coupling
The advantages of device loss and light source output power fluctuating compensate, is widely applied.
In sensing process, the light wave that light source sends enters sensing grating by transmission channel through adapter, passes
Photosensitive grid, in the presence of outfield (mainly stress and temperature), are modulated to light wave；Then, carry
The modulated light wave having outfield information is reflected (or transmission) by sensing grating, enters to receive by adapter and leads to
Road and be received by a detector and demodulate and export.Because the spectrum that detector receives contains the letter of outer field action
Breath, thus the spectrum analyses detecting from detector and associated change, you can obtain the careful of outfield information
Description.
Reflective and transmission-type detection can be divided into from detection mode.At present than more typical mainly have following
Several wavelength detecting schemes: spectrogrph and Multi-wavelength meter detection method, edge filter detection method, tunable filter
Ripple detection method, matched FBG detection method, Wavelength tunable light source demodulation method etc..
The direct method of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG demodulation has to be come directly using equipment such as spectrogrph or Multi-wavelength meters
Connect reading, but these instrument price are expensive, bulky, apply in general to laboratory.Multi-wavelength meter
Test to wavelength is very accurate, and resolution can reach 0.0004nm it can be seen that the noise floor of system,
But it is not so good as spectroanalysis instrument in terms of power measurement, expensive spy is also had using band meter demodulation
Point, applies in general to laboratory.
Edge filter detection method is based on light-intensity test it is adaptable to dynamic, static measurement, has preferable line
Property output, measurement range is directly proportional to the resolution of detector.The advantage of the program is to employ preferably
Indemnifying measure, can effectively suppress the fluctuating of light source output power, connect interference and micro-bend etc. unfavorable because
Element, and system response is rapid, cost is relatively low, easy to use.Weak point is that system employs volume light
Learn filter element, its certainty of measurement is had a strong impact on by wave filter collimation and stability, therefore weakens it
Portability.And, this system also cannot eliminate because of the fluctuations of bonder splitting ratio, double in optical fiber
The impacts to measurement result for the factor such as refraction.
Matched FBG demodulation structure is simple, cheap, high precision, and in light path, bonder quantity is more,
Light loss is larger；With reference to grating scanning under piezoelectrics effect region narrower it is desirable to sensing grating and ginseng
Examine grating strictly to mate, measurement range is less, be generally limited to several nanometers and pass compared with broadband it is impossible to meet
The requirement of sense signal demodulation.
Tunable f-p demodulation by filter method small volume, certainty of measurement is high, can be used for distributed fiber grating
Sensor-based system.But its drawback is that repeatability is relatively poor, filtering is lost larger, current high-performance
F-p chamber rely primarily on external import, system cost is higher.
Tunable laser source method is output as the light-pulse generator of pole arrowband, by continuous adjustment light source
Cardiac wave length carrys out the reflection output of scanning fiber bragg grating, thus obtaining in fiber grating band of operation
Reflectance spectrum, by the centre wavelength of the analytical calculation acquisition fiber grating to reflectance spectrum, thus complete ripple
Long demodulation.This method can export the optical signal of more power, can obtain simultaneously very high signal to noise ratio and
Resolving power, the usage quantity significantly improving Fibre Optical Sensor limits and applications distances.Due to can be right in advance
Light source is calibrated, it is to avoid the huge expensive spectrogrph of onsite application, makes the Site Detection simple and convenient.
Content of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system and (FBG) demodulator, to overcome prior art
Present in the problems referred to above.
For achieving the above object, the present invention employs the following technical solutions: a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system,
Including:
Controller, controls tunable laser source device, harvester data analyzing and processing；
Harvester, the pulse triggering signal receiving tunable optical light supply apparatuses is simultaneously to signal processing circuit
Carry out data acquisition and by the data is activation collecting to controller；
Tunable optical light supply apparatuses, according to the control of controller adjustment laser source wavelength and by LASER Light Source
Send to bonder；When wavelength switches, output pulse triggering signal is to harvester；
Bonder, receive tunable optical light supply apparatuses signal and be the optical fiber light concatenating with described bonder
Gate sensor provides optical signal；
Optical-electrical converter, receives described fiber-optic grating sensor by the optical signal of described coupler reflectivity simultaneously
Be converted to the signal of telecommunication；
Signal processing circuit, receives the signal of telecommunication of photoelectric conversion module transmission and is processed and will process number
According to transmission to described harvester.
Described tunable optical light supply apparatuses are provided with synchronous trigger output end mouth, and by this synchronously triggering output
Port sends described pulse triggering signal to described harvester.
Described harvester is provided with the synchronous trigger input matching with described synchronous trigger output end mouth
Port；And described pulse triggering signal is received by this synchronous trigger input port.
Described harvester often receives a described pulse triggering signal and just carries out a data acquisition.
Described bonder is 3db bonder, and is provided with two light splitting ports and combining port；Described combining
Port concatenates some fiber-optic grating sensors.
Described laser beam passes through one of described light splitting port and enters, and is passed by described combining port
Deliver to described fiber-optic grating sensor；The reflected light of described fiber-optic grating sensor passes through another described point
Optical port exports to described optical-electrical converter.
Described fiber-optic grating sensor is fiber Bragg grating sensor；Each described optical fiber grating sensing
The deviation range of the centre wavelength of device all differs.
The calculating process of described centre wavelength is:
In an initial condition spectral scan is carried out to each fiber-optic grating sensor；
Hypothesis fiber-optic grating sensor quantity is n, sets for each fiber-optic grating sensor according to reflectance spectrum
Determine initial center wavelength and center wavelength shift scope it is ensured that the operating wavelength range of each sensor is no handed over
Fork is overlapping；
Carry out real time scan and center wavelength variation is followed the tracks of.
Described real time scan and center wavelength variation are followed the tracks of process and are included:
I, carry out real time scan data storage, by the spectrum obtaining according to initially predefined range of wavelengths
Divided, the reflectance spectrum of each interval corresponding accordingly described fiber-optic grating sensor dividing；
Ii, from first interval start calculate, arrange i=0；
Iii, in i is interval searching peak value (λic,pimax), and calculate p-3db=pimax-3dbm；
Iv, on the left of reflection peak, from peak value (λic,pimax) start, by each performance number pmWith p-3dbEnter
Row compares, once p-3db≥pm, then record interval value a (λm, pm) and b (λm+1, pm+1),
Calculate p using linear interpolation method between a and b-3dbCorresponding wavelength Xl；
V, on the right side of reflection peak, from peak value (λic,pimax) start, by corresponding for each wavelength performance number
pmWith p-3dbIt is compared, when p occurs-3db≥pm, then record interval value a (λm, pm) and b (λm-1,
pm-1), calculate p using linear interpolation method between a and b-3dbCorresponding wavelength Xr；
Vi, the calculating corresponding central wavelength lambda of described fiber-optic grating sensor iic=(λl+λr)/2 simultaneously export；
Vii, < during n-1, then i=i+1 is set, then skips to step iii, until completing n described optical fiber as i
The calculating of grating sensor centre wavelength；As i=n-1, if receive ceasing and desisting order, terminate to find, no
Then skip to step i and carry out real-time follow-up；
Wherein, m refers to the index value in spectroscopic data table, and λ is wavelength, and p is performance number.
A kind of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator that the present invention provides, including the optical fiber light as described in technique scheme
Grid demodulating system
With immediate prior art ratio, the present invention provides technical scheme to have following excellent effect
1st, the technical scheme that the present invention provides can export the optical signal of more power, can obtain very simultaneously
High signal to noise ratio and resolving power；
2nd, the technical scheme that the present invention provides significantly improves the usage quantity restriction of Fibre Optical Sensor and answers
With distance；
3rd, the technical scheme that the present invention provides is due to can calibrate to light source in advance, it is to avoid scene makes
With huge expensive spectrogrph, make Site Detection simple and convenient；
4th, the technical scheme that the present invention provides can demodulate multiple test points simultaneously, using pc control, has
The features such as speed is fast, high precision, dynamic range are big.
Brief description
The system structure diagram that Fig. 1 provides for technical solution of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
The invention of this example provides a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system and (FBG) demodulator, and described system includes:
Controller, controls tunable laser source device, harvester and carries out Data Analysis Services；
Harvester, receives the pulse-triggered of tunable laser source device by synchronous trigger output end mouth
Signal carries out data acquisition and by the data is activation collecting to controller simultaneously to signal processing circuit；
Tunable optical light supply apparatuses, according to the control of controller adjustment laser source wavelength and by LASER Light Source
Send to bonder；When wavelength switches, output pulse triggering signal is to harvester；
Bonder, receive tunable optical light supply apparatuses signal and be the optical fiber light concatenating with described bonder
Gate sensor provides optical signal；
Optical-electrical converter, receives described fiber-optic grating sensor by the optical signal of described coupler reflectivity simultaneously
Be converted to the signal of telecommunication；
Signal processing circuit, receives the signal of telecommunication of photoelectric conversion module transmission and is processed and will process number
According to transmission to described acquisition module.
The system of the present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1；Described controller is host computer, can by PC control
Tuning laser light source, data acquisition and carry out Data Analysis Services.Tunable laser source has synchronization
Trigger output end mouth, exports pulse triggering signal during wavelength switching, and described harvester is capture card, institute
State capture card and there is matched synchronous trigger input port, the two is connected with each other by synchronizing cable,
Described capture card often receives a pulse triggering signal and then carries out a data acquisition.
Scanning start wavelength is set, terminates wavelength and stepping for tunable laser source, open LASER Light Source,
Start light source scanning.The light splitting port that laser beam passes through 3db bonder enters, and reaches its combining end
N fiber Bragg grating sensor of mouth concatenation, the quantity of n is according to the dynamic range measuring and light source
Wave-length coverage determine, it is necessary to assure the operating wavelength range between each grating sensor no intersect weight
Folded, thus avoiding misjudgment.The reflected light of each fiber Bragg grating sensor passes through 3db bonder
Another light splitting port be connected to photoelectric conversion device, described photoelectric conversion device be photodetector, this
The current signal of photodetector output accesses corresponding signal processing circuit, carries out data by capture card
Collection is thus capture the reflected light letter of n fiber Bragg grating sensor of this beam splitter combining end series connection
Breath, i.e. reflectance spectrum.
The response wave length of each fiber Bragg grating sensor has certain bandwidth, when input laser wave
During its response wave length a length of, then it is reflected back, wherein energy of reflection light highest wavelength points are optical fiber light
The centre wavelength of gate sensor；And the light of other wavelength then passes through sensor and continues to propagate forward.Work as optical fiber
Bragg grating sensor external physical quantity changes, and its response wave length will offset in certain scope, in
Cardiac wave length changes, and the change of physical quantity can be measured by calculating the change of centre wavelength.
The deviation range of the centre wavelength of n fiber Bragg grating sensor of series connection all not phases on same passage
With therefore can accurately judging each self-corresponding grating sensor of each reflection peak in reflectance spectrum.Using anti-
Penetrate spectrum and can calculate the currently centre wavelength of each sensor and change, and then follow the tracks of grating sensor test
The change of physical quantity at point.
Each fiber-optic grating sensor has specific operating wavelength range, can after therefore obtaining reflectance spectrum
Judge the sensor corresponding to each reflection peak immediately, and calculate current centre wavelength, centre wavelength
Computational methods are as follows:
I, in an initial condition spectral scan is carried out to each sensor.
Ii, hypothesis number of sensors are n, set initial for each fiber-optic grating sensor according to reflectance spectrum
Centre wavelength and center wavelength shift scope are it is ensured that the operating wavelength range of each sensor no intersects weight
Folded.
Iii, carry out real time scan and center wavelength variation and follow the tracks of
I, carry out real time scan data storage, by the spectrum obtaining according to the predefined wavelength of step 2
Interval is divided, the reflectance spectrum of each interval corresponding respective sensor dividing.
Ii, from first interval start calculate, arrange i=0.
Iii, in i is interval searching peak value (λic,pimax), and calculate p-3db=pimax-3dbm.
Iv, on the left of reflection peak, from peak value (λic,pimax) start, by each performance number pm(m refers to light
Index value in modal data table) and p-3dbIt is compared, once p occurs-3db≥pm, then record a (λm,
pm) and b (λm+1, pm+1), calculate p using linear interpolation method between a and b-3dbCorresponding
Wavelength Xl；
V, on the right side of reflection peak, from peak value (λic,pimax) start, by corresponding for each wavelength performance number
pm(m refers to the index value in spectroscopic data table) and p-3dbIt is compared, once p occurs-3db≥pm, then
Record a (λm, pm) and b (λm-1, pm-1), utilize linear interpolation method to calculate between a and b
Go out p-3dbCorresponding wavelength Xr；
Vi, the calculating corresponding central wavelength lambda of sensor iic=(λl+λr)/2 simultaneously export.
Vii, < during n-1, then i=i+1 is set, and skips to step iii, until completing in n sensor as i
The calculating of cardiac wave length；As i=n-1, judge whether to receive and cease and desist order, if receive ceasing and desisting order
Then terminate program, otherwise skip to step i and carry out real-time follow-up.Wherein, λ is wavelength, and p is power
Value, λicFor the interval interior centre wavelength finding peak value of i, pimaxFor finding the power of peak value in i interval,
Dbm is dBm, and db is the pure digit of power,
The change of grating sensor centre wavelength can respectively be monitored by above-mentioned steps in real time, if in having demarcated
The response parameter to measured physical quantity for the cardiac wave length, then can achieve the effect of fiber grating demodulation.
Optical Fiber Sensor Measurement System light source adopts broad band laser light source or continuously adjustable LASER Light Source two
Kind.Using broad band laser light source Optical Fiber Sensor Measurement System disadvantage be light source output luminous power
Density is low, and effective power is only below the one thousandth of its output general power, thus, the optical fiber of this system
Sensor can only use in short range, and measure dot number is less.Survey to comply with Fibre Optical Sensor
The trend that amount system develops towards wavelength-division multiplex and optical fiber sensing network direction, tunable laser source becomes
For the new selection of Optical Fiber Sensor Measurement System light source, it improves the through-put power of system, resolution
And precision.
The present invention proposes a kind of fiber grating demodulation (FBG) demodulator, including the mediation system of technique scheme,
Such (FBG) demodulator can demodulate multiple test points simultaneously, using pc control, have that speed is fast, high precision,
The features such as dynamic range is big.
Finally it should be noted that: above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme rather than to it
Limit, although those of ordinary skill in the art with reference to above-described embodiment it is understood that still can be right
The specific embodiment of the present invention is modified or equivalent, and these are without departing from present invention spirit and model
Any modification enclosed or equivalent, all apply for the pending present invention claims it
Interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: include:
Controller, controls tunable laser source device, harvester data analyzing and processing；
Harvester, the pulse triggering signal receiving tunable optical light supply apparatuses enters to signal processing circuit simultaneously
Row data acquisition and by the data is activation collecting to controller；
Tunable optical light supply apparatuses, LASER Light Source is simultaneously sent out by the control adjustment laser source wavelength according to controller
Deliver to bonder；When wavelength switches, output pulse triggering signal is to harvester；
Bonder, receive tunable optical light supply apparatuses signal and be the fiber grating concatenating with described bonder
Sensor provides optical signal；
Optical-electrical converter, receives described fiber-optic grating sensor and passes through the optical signal of described coupler reflectivity and turn
It is changed to the signal of telecommunication；
Signal processing circuit, receives the signal of telecommunication that photoelectric conversion module sends and is processed and by processing data
Send to described harvester.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: described tunable
Radiant device is provided with synchronous trigger output end mouth, and by this synchronous trigger output end mouth to described collection dress
Put the described pulse triggering signal of transmission.
3. as claimed in claim 2 a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: described collection dress
Install the synchronous trigger input port matching with described synchronous trigger output end mouth；And it is synchronous by this
Trigger input port receives described pulse triggering signal.
4. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: described collection dress
Put one described pulse triggering signal of every reception and just carry out a data acquisition.
5. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: described bonder
For 3db bonder, and it is provided with two light splitting ports and combining port；Described combining port concatenates some optical fiber
Grating sensor.
6. as claimed in claim 5 a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: described laser light
Bundle is entered by one of described light splitting port, and is sent to described fiber grating by described combining port
Sensor；The reflected light of described fiber-optic grating sensor is exported to described light by light splitting port another described
Electric transducer.
7. a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system as described in claim 1,5 or 6 it is characterised in that: institute
Stating fiber-optic grating sensor is fiber Bragg grating sensor；The center of each described fiber-optic grating sensor
The deviation range of wavelength all differs.
8. as claimed in claim 7 a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: described middle cardiac wave
Long calculating process is:
In an initial condition spectral scan is carried out to each fiber-optic grating sensor；
Hypothesis fiber-optic grating sensor quantity is n, sets for each fiber-optic grating sensor according to reflectance spectrum
Initial center wavelength and center wavelength shift scope are it is ensured that the operating wavelength range of each sensor no intersects weight
Folded；
Carry out real time scan and center wavelength variation is followed the tracks of.
9. as claimed in claim 8 a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system it is characterised in that: described sweep in real time
Retouch and include with center wavelength variation tracking process:
I, carry out real time scan data storage, the spectrum obtaining is entered according to initially predefined range of wavelengths
Row divides, the reflectance spectrum of each interval corresponding accordingly described fiber-optic grating sensor dividing；
Ii, from first interval start calculate, arrange i=0；
Iii, in i is interval searching peak value (λic,pimax), and calculate p-3db=pimax-3dbm；
Iv, on the left of reflection peak, from peak value (λic,pimax) start, by each performance number pmWith p-3dbCompared
Relatively, once p occurs-3db≥pm, then record interval value a(λm, pm) and b(λm+1, pm+1), in a
Calculate p using linear interpolation method and b between-3dbCorresponding wavelength Xl；
V, on the right side of reflection peak, from peak value (λic,pimax) start, by corresponding for each wavelength performance number pm
With p-3dbIt is compared, when p occurs-3db≥pm, then record interval value a(λm, pm) and b(λm-1, pm-1),
Calculate p using linear interpolation method between a and b-3dbCorresponding wavelength Xr；
Vi, the calculating corresponding central wavelength lambda of described fiber-optic grating sensor iic=(λl+λr)/2 simultaneously export；
Vii, < during n-1, then i=i+1 is set, then skips to step iii, until completing n described optical fiber light as i
The calculating of gate sensor centre wavelength；As i=n-1, if receive ceasing and desisting order, terminating to find, otherwise jumping
Carry out real-time follow-up to step i；
Wherein, m refers to the index value in spectroscopic data table, and λ is wavelength, and p is performance number.
10. a kind of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator it is characterised in that: include the optical fiber as described in claim 1-9
Grating demodulation system.
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| CN107655504A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-02-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | The method for filtering out impulse disturbances in optical fibre interrogation system based on adaptive threshold |
| CN107843744A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-27 | 中南大学 | The Wavelength demodulation system and Wavelength demodulation method of optical fibre grating acceleration sensor |
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| CN108303124B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2023-09-29 | 江南大学 | Fiber bragg grating demodulation system and method based on static tunable light source |
| CN108880684B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-12-15 | 中山水木光华电子信息科技有限公司 | All-optical recognition and operation method based on optical fiber coding |
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