CN106351038B - A kind of pretreatment fluid and direct-injection digital printing process of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene - Google Patents
A kind of pretreatment fluid and direct-injection digital printing process of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene Download PDFInfo
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- CN106351038B CN106351038B CN201610738178.5A CN201610738178A CN106351038B CN 106351038 B CN106351038 B CN 106351038B CN 201610738178 A CN201610738178 A CN 201610738178A CN 106351038 B CN106351038 B CN 106351038B
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- pretreatment fluid
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- mass parts
- terylene
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- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009955 starching Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010021 flat screen printing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 77
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 36
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 2
- VAPQAGMSICPBKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitroacridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C3N=C21 VAPQAGMSICPBKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001463139 Vitta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N prednisolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/46—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing natural macromolecular substances or derivatives thereof
- D06P1/48—Derivatives of carbohydrates
- D06P1/50—Derivatives of cellulose
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
- D06P1/5207—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06P1/525—Polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or functional derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/653—Nitrogen-free carboxylic acids or their salts
- D06P1/6533—Aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
- D06P1/67358—Halides or oxyhalides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
- D06P1/67366—Phosphates or polyphosphates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pretreatment fluid of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene and direct-injection digital printing process, pretreatment fluid includes dispersion accelerant, the sodium chloride of 2-5 mass parts and the water of 76-95 mass parts of the thickener of 0.2-5 mass parts, 1-10 mass parts, pretreatment fluid is half thick liquid, dacron dries spray printing disperse dye ink after impregnating or padding treatment fluid, high temperature steaming curing fixation after drying, washing post-processing drying stamp finished product.Pretreatment fluid of the invention prepares direct-injection technique digit printing that is simple, easy to use, being suitble to all fabrics high containing the amount of washing, and washout pretreatment fluid is easy after stamp, does not influence fabric feeling.Disperse direct-injection technique instead of traditional caloric transfer printing technology, does not use transfer paper sheet, be a kind of environment-friendly type technique.Pretreatment fluid of the present invention is effectively prevented ink and spreads around on polyester fabric, guarantees after stamp that pattern is fine, svelteness, and color yield is high, printed color saturation is bright-coloured, visual stereoscopic sense is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pretreatment fluids of digital printing technology field more particularly to a kind of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene and straight
Spray digital printing process.
Background technique
Ink-jet printed technology is a completely new high-precision printing technique, and color representation power is very strong.The fabric of fabric is to spray
The influence of ink-printed effect is very big, and terylene itself carries out digit printing using direct-injection technique and there is ink due to being hydrophobic fibre
Water imbibition on dacron problem very serious pastes slurry over using traditional stamp original, and anti-imbibition effect is poor, and unstable
Fixed, wear-resisting, light fastness is low, ink effective rate of utilization is low.So carrying out digit printing on polyester fabric at present can only use
Printed pattern is first printed on heat-transferring printing paper by thermal transfer mode, then turns to scald in fabric surface again.But using thermal transfer
Technique carries out digit printing, and not only lines can be flattened due to hot pressing in concave convex texture on jacquard fabric and be influenced by the product of thermal transfer
Feel and visual experience, fabric is as hot pressing generates gloss, and caloric transfer printing technology is complicated, and process costs are high, but also
Expend heat-transferring printing paper.So the direct-injection digital printing process for providing a kind of dacron are very necessary.
In order to meet the ink-jet printed requirement to fabric property of direct-injection, prevents ink from directly printing on fabric and seep
Change, pretreatment appropriate must be carried out for ink-jet printed fabric, can be only achieved satisfied ink-jet printed effect.Using difference
Ink and different fabrics, ink-jet printed pretreating process are not quite similar.Domestic and international many ink manufacturers are all developing
It is suitble to the pretreating agent of oneself ink performance, such as to the processing of dacron using plasma, cationization or colloidal sol one
Gel method pads processing, to improve anti-imbibition performance when polyester fabric dye ink jet stamp.But offshore company's production is pre-
Inorganic agent is at high cost, expensive.Dacron mostly uses disperse dye ink ink-jet printed at present, at present domestic Ink Factory
Family focuses mostly on paint ink to the research of the ink-jet printed pretreating process of dacron, and disperse dye ink is used for terylene
The ink-jet printed pretreating process research of fabric is less, and provides a kind of pretreatment for disperse dye ink direct-injection dacron
Liquid is highly desirable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of pretreatment fluid of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene and direct-injection numbers
Code printing technology.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of pretreatment fluid of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene, point of the thickener comprising 0.2-5 mass parts, 1-10 mass parts
The water of accelerant, the sodium chloride of 2-5 mass parts and 80-97 mass parts is dissipated, the thickener includes polypropylene acids macromolecule material
Material.
The pretreatment fluid of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickener is also
Including at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, synthetic gum tragacanth or A slurry.
In some specific embodiments, implementation polypropylene acids high molecular material is Sodium Polyacrylate.
In some specific embodiments, the dispersion accelerant be sodium dihydrogen phosphate, acetic acid or tartaric acid in extremely
Few one kind.
The present invention also provides a kind of direct-injections that the pretreatment fluid using dispersible ink direct-injection terylene as described above carries out
Digital printing process, comprising the following steps:
S1: it prepares pretreatment fluid: weighing the water of 80-97 mass parts, then successively by the thickener of 0.2-5 mass parts, 1-10
The dispersion accelerant of mass parts, the sodium chloride of 2-5 mass parts are added to the water, and stirring and dissolving obtains pretreatment fluid；
S2: pre-processing dacron using the resulting pretreatment fluid of the S1, dries, obtains pretreated wash
Synthetic fibre fabric；
S3: will be drawn a design by digit printing machine is painted on the pretreated terylene with dispersible ink and knits
On object, drying；
S4: high temperature steaming bakes.
In some specific embodiments, when the viscosity < 500mPas of the pretreatment fluid, pass through leaching in the S2
Formula starching machine is rolled to pre-process dacron using pretreatment fluid.
In some specific embodiments, when viscosity >=500mPas of the pretreatment fluid, pass through leaching in the S2
It rolls any in formula starching machine, cylinder printing machine or flat screen printing machine, dacron is pre-processed using pretreatment fluid.
In some specific embodiments, the band liquid measure of dacron is 60%- in preprocessing process in the S2
100%。
In some specific embodiments, drying temperature is 75-95 DEG C in the S2, drying time 1-3min.
In some specific embodiments, drying temperature is 70-80 DEG C in the S3, drying time 1-2min.
In some specific embodiments, baking temperature is 170-190 DEG C in the S4, and baking the time is 5-10min.
Further include S5 after the S4 in some specific embodiments: washing, the washing are clear including successively carrying out
The step of water cleaning, reduction washing, clear water washing.
In above scheme further preferred embodiment, it includes to connect that used reduction cleaning liquid is washed in the reduction
Sodium sulfite, sodium hydroxide and water.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides a kind of pretreatment fluid of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene and direct-injection digital printing process, dispersible inks
The pretreatment fluid of direct-injection terylene, the thickener comprising 0.2-5 mass parts, the dispersion accelerant of 1-10 mass parts, 2-5 mass parts
The water of sodium chloride and 80-97 mass parts, pretreatment fluid are half thick liquid, and viscosity is 100~3000 mPas, dacron
Spray printing disperse dye ink, high temperature steaming curing fixation after drying are dried after impregnating or padding treatment fluid, washing post-processing is dried
Dry stamp finished product.Forming thin film is attached to textile surface after dacron is padded pretreatment fluid drying, blocks fabric
The capillary of fiber improves stamp precision to inhibit ink in textile surface imbibition.Printed polyester fabric is roasted in high temperature steaming
Under the conditions of baking, polyester fiber internal clearance expands, and enters inside polyester fiber convenient for disperse dyes molecule.Pretreatment of the invention
In liquid, the effect of polypropylene acids high molecular material prevents ink imbibition, when being dried after pretreatment fluid processing, polypropylene
The tiny thin stratum reticulare that acids high molecular material forms crosslinking shape is attached to polyester fabric surface layer, so as to greatly reduce fiber
Capillary effect is effectively prevented ink and spreads around on polyester fabric, guarantees after stamp that pattern is fine, svelteness；
The effect of anhydrous sodium dihydrogen phosphate is to provide good upper vitta to polyester fiber is contaminated on disperse dyes when decatize is baked
Part ensure that the dye uptake of dyestuff；Sodium chloride has certain hygroscopic effect when decatize bakes, in addition sodium ion and terylene are fine
Dimension is internal concentration difference, facilitates dye molecule and enters fibrous inside, accelerates the mobility of dye molecule, is conducive to fiber dye
The completion of color；These three materials are mixed into pretreatment fluid with water, are located in advance to polyester fabric by different mix proportion schemes
Reason, finally determines optimal dispersion direct-injection terylene pretreatment fluid formula.
The printed polyester fabric of general clothes also needs reduction cleaning, and the printed polyester fabric of commercial paper can not have to also
Original cleaning.The stamp dacron color fastness being prepared using technique of the present invention is high, pattern uniform, fine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the photo of 1 gained cloth of embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the photo of cloth obtained by blank test；
Fig. 3 is the photo of 2 gained cloth of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the photo of 3 gained cloth of embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the photo of 4 gained cloth of embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the photo of 5 gained cloth of embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the photo of 6 gained cloth of embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the photo of 7 gained cloth of embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the photo of 1 gained cloth of comparative example；
Figure 10 is the photo of 2 gained cloth of comparative example；
Figure 11 is the photo of 3 gained cloth of comparative example；
Figure 12 is the photo of 4 gained cloth of comparative example；
Figure 13 is the photo of 5 gained cloth of comparative example；
Figure 14 is the photo of 6 gained cloth of comparative example；
Figure 15 is the photo of 7 gained cloth of comparative example.
Specific embodiment
Of the invention for ease of understanding, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art are it will be clearly understood that the implementation
Example is only to aid in the understanding present invention, should not be regarded as a specific limitation of the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of pretreatment fluids of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene, thickener, 1- comprising 0.2-5 mass parts
Dispersion accelerant, the sodium chloride of 2-5 mass parts and the water of 80-97 mass parts of 10 mass parts, the thickener includes polypropylene
Acids high molecular material.The thickener further includes at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, synthetic gum tragacanth or A slurry.The dispersion
Accelerant is at least one of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, acetic acid or tartaric acid.
The present invention also provides a kind of direct-injections that the pretreatment fluid using dispersible ink direct-injection terylene as described above carries out
Digital printing process, comprising the following steps: S1: it prepares pretreatment fluid: weighing the water of 80-97 mass parts, then successively by 0.2-5 matter
Amount the thickener of part, the dispersion accelerant of 1-10 mass parts, 2-5 mass parts sodium chloride be added to the water, stirring and dissolving obtains pre-
Treatment fluid；S2: dacron is pre-processed using the S1 resulting pretreatment fluid, pretreated terylene is obtained and knits
Object；S3: will be drawn a design by digit printing machine and be painted on the pretreated dacron with dispersible ink, be dried
It is dry；S4: high temperature steaming bakes.When the viscosity < 500mPas of the pretreatment fluid, pass through padding type starching machine in the S2
Dacron is pre-processed using pretreatment fluid.When viscosity >=500mPas of the pretreatment fluid, pass through in the S2
It is any in padding type starching machine, cylinder printing machine or flat screen printing machine, dacron is located in advance using pretreatment fluid
Reason.The band liquid measure of dacron is 60%-100% in preprocessing process in the S2.Drying temperature is 75-95 DEG C in the S2,
Drying time is 1-3min.Drying temperature is 70-80 DEG C in the S3, drying time 1-2min.Baking temperature in the S4
It is 170-190 DEG C, baking the time is 5-10min.Further include S5 after the S4: washing, the washing are clear including successively carrying out
The step of water cleaning, reduction washing, clear water washing.It includes hydrosulfurous acid that used reduction cleaning liquid is washed in the reduction
Sodium, sodium hydroxide and water.
Embodiment 1:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron by following step:
(1) deploy pretreatment fluid: the pretreatment fluid includes: the polypropylene acids high molecular material of 0.3 mass parts, this reality
Apply polyacrylic high molecular material described in example be Sodium Polyacrylate, the anhydrous sodium dihydrogen phosphate of 9 mass parts, 3 mass parts
Sodium chloride, the deionized water of 87.7 mass parts, viscosity 150mPas, pH 4.5；
(2) fabric pre-processes: starching is padded to dacron as padding type starching machine pretreatment fluid made from,
Pick-up is 85wt%, then dries 1.5min at a temperature of 90 DEG C；
(3) it will be drawn a design by digit printing machine and the pretreated terylene is painted on dispersible ink knit
Then object dries 1.5min at a temperature of 75 DEG C；
(4) high temperature steaming bakes, and it is 7min that baking temperature, which is 180 DEG C, bakes the time.
(5) washing post-processing: room temperature clear water washes twice and restores cleaning, and the reduction cleaning liquid includes: hydrosulfurous acid
Sodium 2g/L, the sodium hydroxide 1mL/L, 80 DEG C of cleaning 10min that mass fraction is 30wt%；Clear water washes drying together again.
1, the shade detection of the dacron after digit printing:
The size of color density value tests gained with color measuring and matching system, and direct survey measurements indicates that color is close by a constant
Angle value is bigger, indicates that color is deeper；It is on the contrary then indicate that color is more shallow, institute's stamp monochrome block is converted into 4 layers and is put into X-rite colour examining
It matches colors on instrument, then measures the color density value of fabric monochrome block, in order to which accuracy of reading measures 4 different positions, colour photometer
Device directly reads average value.Monochrome after stamp is obtained as judgment criteria using color density value after C, M, Y, K stamp in this test
Block color density value are as follows: C 1.345, M 1.102, Y 0.194, K 1.765, by detection gained color density value it is found that printed polyester
Color is deep afterwards.Cloth that above-mentioned direct-injection technique obtains as shown in Figure 1, it will be noted from fig. 1 that writing and pattern are apparent,
And without diffusion, color is very deep.Blank test is carried out, without the identical dispersible ink of terylene spray printing that pretreatment fluid is handled, vapour
After steaming bakes, for obtained cloth as shown in Fig. 2, from fig. 2 it can be seen that writing and pattern are fuzzy, diffusion is extremely serious, and
Color is than shallower, and color stamp monochrome block color density value is only are as follows: C 0.620, M 0.638, Y 0.101, K 1.022, by detecting
Gained color density value is it is found that very slight color after printed polyester.By comparing with blank test it is found that using of the present invention pre-
Treatment fluid pre-processes terylene, can successfully realize direct-injection digital printing process, can well solve current terylene face
Expect the existing diffusion of direct-injection digit printing, imbibition and colouring problem, and resulting printed polyester color is deep.
2, the measurement of colour fastness to rubbing
The measurement of colour fastness to rubbing is obtained referring to " textile color stability test colour fastness to rubbing " AATCC 8-2004
The dry of fabric, the staining rank of wet friction color fastness after stamp are 4-5,4-5.The evaluation rank of grey scale for assessing staining of colour
For 1,1-2,2,2-3,3,3-4,4,4-5,5, wherein 1 grade be it is worst, staining is very serious, 5 grades be it is best, without staining.
3, the measurement of fastness to soaping
The measurement of fastness to soaping is referring to " textile color stability tests color fastness to washing: test 2 " AATCC 61-
2003, the soaping of fabric after obtaining stamp change colour fastness rank be 4-5, soaping fastness rank is 4-5.Evaluation discoloration is used
The evaluation rank of gray scale is 1,1-2,2,2-3,3,3-4,4,4-5,5, wherein 1 grade is worst, change/colour fading is very serious, 5
Grade be it is best, do not become/fade.
Embodiment 2:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron by following step:
(1) deploy pretreatment fluid: the pretreatment fluid includes: the polypropylene acids high molecular material of 0.5 mass parts, this reality
Applying polyacrylic high molecular material described in example includes Sodium Polyacrylate, and the polyacrylic high molecular material further includes gathering
Potassium acrylate, the anhydrous sodium dihydrogen phosphate of 9 mass parts, the sodium chloride of 3 mass parts, the deionized water of 87.5 mass parts, viscosity are
210mPas, pH 4.5；
(2) fabric pre-processes: starching is padded to dacron as padding type starching machine pretreatment fluid made from,
Pick-up is 85wt%, then dries 1.5min at a temperature of 90 DEG C；
(3) it will be drawn a design by digit printing machine and the pretreated terylene is painted on dispersible ink knit
Then object dries 1.5min at a temperature of 75 DEG C；
(4) high temperature steaming bakes, and it is 7min that baking temperature, which is 180 DEG C, bakes the time.
(5) washing post-processing: room temperature clear water washes twice and restores cleaning, and the reduction cleaning liquid includes: hydrosulfurous acid
Sodium 2g/L, the sodium hydroxide 1mL/L, 80 DEG C of cleaning 10min that mass fraction is 30wt%；Clear water washes drying together again.
Shade detection, rub resistance are carried out to the dacron after stamp using detection method same as Example 1
The measurement of color fastness and the measurement of fastness to soaping, obtain testing result are as follows: monochromatic block color density value after stamp: C 1.330,
M 1.091, Y 0.188, K 1.712 are done, the staining rank of wet friction color fastness is 4-5,4-5；Soap the fastness rank 4- that changes colour
5, the rank 4-5 of soaping fastness.The cloth that above-mentioned direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 3, it can be seen in figure 3 that writing
It is apparent with pattern, and without diffusion, color is very deep.
Embodiment 3:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron by following step:
(1) deploy pretreatment fluid: the pretreatment fluid includes: the sodium polyacrylate of 0.2 mass parts, 9 mass parts it is anhydrous
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the sodium chloride of 3 mass parts, the deionized water of 87.8 mass parts, viscosity 110mPas, pH 4.5；
(2) fabric pre-processes: starching is padded to dacron as padding type starching machine pretreatment fluid made from,
Pick-up is 60wt%, then dries 1.5min at a temperature of 85 DEG C；
(3) it will be drawn a design by digit printing machine and the pretreated terylene is painted on dispersible ink knit
Then object dries 1.5min at a temperature of 75 DEG C；
(4) high temperature steaming bakes, and it is 7min that baking temperature, which is 180 DEG C, bakes the time.
(5) washing post-processing: room temperature clear water washes twice and restores cleaning, and the reduction cleaning liquid includes: hydrosulfurous acid
Sodium 2g/L, the sodium hydroxide 1mL/L, 80 DEG C of cleaning 10min that mass fraction is 30wt%；Clear water washes drying together again.
Shade detection, rub resistance are carried out to the dacron after stamp using detection method same as Example 1
The measurement of color fastness and the measurement of fastness to soaping, obtain testing result are as follows: monochromatic block color density value after stamp: C 1.305,
M 1.036, Y 0.181, K 1.684 are done, the staining rank of wet friction color fastness is 4-5,4-5；It soaps the grade of color fastness of changing colour
It Wei not 4-5, soaping fastness 4-5.The cloth that above-mentioned direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 4, it can be seen from figure 4 that writing
It is apparent with pattern, and without diffusion, color is deep.
Embodiment 4:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron by following step:
(1) pretreatment fluid: the polyacrylic high molecular material of 0.2 mass parts, polypropylene described in the present embodiment is deployed
Acids high molecular material is Sodium Polyacrylate, the synthetic gum tragacanth of 1 mass parts, the A slurry of 2 mass parts, the acetic acid of 1 mass parts, 4 mass
The sodium chloride of part, the deionized water of 92 mass parts, viscosity 950mPas, pH 4.3；
(2) fabric pre-processes: scraping starching, starching to dacron as flat screen printing machine pretreatment fluid made from
Rate is 70wt%, then dries 1.5min at a temperature of 85 DEG C；
(3) it will be drawn a design by digit printing machine and the pretreated terylene is painted on dispersible ink knit
Then object dries 2min at a temperature of 70 DEG C；
(4) high temperature steaming bakes, and it is 10min that baking temperature, which is 170 DEG C, bakes the time.
(5) washing post-processing: room temperature clear water washes twice and restores cleaning, and the reduction cleaning liquid includes: hydrosulfurous acid
Sodium 2g/L, the caustic soda 1mL/L, 80 DEG C of cleaning 10min that mass fraction is 30wt%；Clear water washes drying together again.
Shade detection, rub resistance are carried out to the dacron after stamp using detection method same as Example 1
The measurement of color fastness and the measurement of fastness to soaping, obtain testing result are as follows: monochromatic block color density value after stamp: C 0.758,
M 0.742, Y 0.122, K 1.004 are done, the staining rank of wet friction color fastness is 4,3-4；Soap change colour fastness 4, soap and be stained with
Color fastness 4.Cloth that above-mentioned direct-injection technique obtains as shown in figure 5, from fig. 5, it is seen that writing and pattern are apparent, and
Without diffusion, color is deep.
Embodiment 5:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron by following step:
(1) deploy pretreatment fluid: the pretreatment fluid includes: the polypropylene acids high molecular material of 0.5 mass parts, this reality
Apply polyacrylic high molecular material described in example be sodium polyacrylate, the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) of 2 mass parts, 4 mass parts
Acetic acid, the sodium chloride of 2 mass parts, the deionized water of 91.5 mass parts, viscosity 1010mPas, pH 4.0；
(2) fabric pre-processes: as cylinder printing machine pretreatment fluid made to dacron coating starching, starching
Rate is 80wt%, then dries 1.5min at a temperature of 90 DEG C；
(3) it will be drawn a design by flat screen printing machine and the pretreated terylene is painted on dispersible ink knit
Then object dries 1min at a temperature of 80 DEG C；
(4) high temperature steaming bakes, and it is 5min that baking temperature, which is 190 DEG C, bakes the time.
(5) washing post-processing: room temperature clear water washes twice and restores cleaning, and the reduction cleaning liquid includes: hydrosulfurous acid
Sodium 2g/L, the sodium hydroxide 1mL/L, 80 DEG C of cleaning 10min that mass fraction is 30wt%；Clear water washes drying together again.
Shade detection, rub resistance are carried out to the dacron after stamp using detection method same as Example 1
The measurement of color fastness and the measurement of fastness to soaping, obtain testing result are as follows: monochromatic block color density value after stamp: C 0.589,
M 0.549, Y 0.203, K 0.801 are done, the staining rank of wet friction color fastness is 4,4；It soaps the fastness 4, staining of soaping of changing colour
Fastness 4.Cloth that above-mentioned direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in fig. 6, it will be seen from figure 6 that writing and pattern are more visible, no expansion
It dissipates, color is than shallower.
Embodiment 6:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron by following step:
(1) deploy pretreatment fluid: the pretreatment fluid includes: the polypropylene acids high molecular material of 1 mass parts, this implementation
Polyacrylic high molecular material described in example is Sodium Polyacrylate, the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) of 1 mass parts, the conjunction of 1 mass parts
Cheng Long's glue, the A slurry of 2 mass parts, the tartaric acid of 10 mass parts, the sodium chloride of 5 mass parts, the deionized water of 80 mass parts, viscosity
For 2830mPas, pH 4.2；
(2) fabric pre-processes: scraping starching, starching to dacron as flat screen printing machine pretreatment fluid made from
Rate is 100wt%, then dries 3min at a temperature of 95 DEG C；
(3) it will be drawn a design by digit printing machine and the pretreated terylene is painted on dispersible ink knit
Then object dries 2min at a temperature of 80 DEG C；
(4) high temperature steaming bakes, and it is 10min that baking temperature, which is 190 DEG C, bakes the time.
(5) washing post-processing: room temperature clear water washes twice and restores cleaning, and the reduction cleaning liquid includes: hydrosulfurous acid
Sodium 2g/L, the caustic soda 1mL/L, 80 DEG C of cleaning 10min that mass fraction is 30wt%；Clear water washes drying together again.
Shade detection, rub resistance are carried out to the dacron after stamp using detection method same as Example 1
The measurement of color fastness and the measurement of fastness to soaping, obtain testing result are as follows: monochromatic block color density value after stamp: C 0.680,
M 0.775, Y 0.120, K 1.101 are done, the staining rank of wet friction color fastness is 4,3-4；Soap change colour fastness 4, soap and be stained with
Color fastness 4.The cloth that above-mentioned direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in fig. 7, as can see from Figure 7, writing and pattern are more visible, nothing
Diffusion, color are shallower.
Embodiment 7:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron by following step:
(1) deploy pretreatment fluid: the pretreatment fluid includes: the polypropylene acids high molecular material of 0.2 mass parts, this reality
Apply polyacrylic high molecular material described in example be Sodium Polyacrylate, the anhydrous sodium dihydrogen phosphate of 1 mass parts, 2 mass parts
Sodium chloride, the deionized water of 96.8 mass parts, viscosity 105mPas, pH 5.2；
(2) fabric pre-processes: starching is padded to dacron as padding type starching machine pretreatment fluid made from,
Pick-up is 60wt%, then dries 1min at a temperature of 75 DEG C；
(3) it will be drawn a design by flat screen printing machine and the pretreated terylene is painted on dispersible ink knit
Then object dries 1min at a temperature of 70 DEG C；
(4) high temperature steaming bakes, and it is 5min that baking temperature, which is 170 DEG C, bakes the time.
(5) washing post-processing: room temperature clear water washes twice and restores cleaning, and the reduction cleaning liquid includes: hydrosulfurous acid
Sodium 2g/L, the sodium hydroxide 1mL/L, 80 DEG C of cleaning 10min that mass fraction is 30wt%；Clear water washes drying together again.
Shade detection, rub resistance are carried out to the dacron after stamp using detection method same as Example 1
The measurement of color fastness and the measurement of fastness to soaping, obtain testing result are as follows: monochromatic block color density value after stamp: C 0.644,
M 0.702, Y 0.108, K 1.008 are done, the staining rank of wet friction color fastness is 4-5,4；Soap change colour fastness 4, soap and be stained with
Color fastness 4.The cloth that above-mentioned direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 8, as can see from Figure 8, writing and pattern are more visible, nothing
Diffusion, color is than shallower.
Comparative example 1:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron using following step substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that: step
Suddenly step is baked without high temperature steaming after (3), directly washing post-processing.The cloth that direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 9, comparison
Example 1 compares with blank test, and the diffusion of the direct-injection technique of terylene and imbibition problem make moderate progress, but comparative example 1 and implementation
Example 1 compares, and without high temperature steaming baking, the coloring effect of cloth is poor, can not show a candle to 1 gained cloth of embodiment.
Comparative example 2:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron using following step substantially the same manner as Example 2, the difference is that: step
Suddenly step is baked without high temperature steaming after (3), directly washing post-processing.The cloth that direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in Figure 10, right
Ratio 2 compares with blank test, and the diffusion of the direct-injection technique of terylene and imbibition problem make moderate progress, but comparative example 2 and reality
It applies example 2 to compare, without high temperature steaming baking, the coloring effect of cloth is poor, can not show a candle to 2 gained cloth of embodiment.
Comparative example 3:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron using following step substantially the same manner as Example 3, the difference is that: step
Suddenly step is baked without high temperature steaming after (3), directly washing post-processing.The cloth that direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 11, right
Ratio 3 compares with blank test, and the diffusion of the direct-injection technique of terylene and imbibition problem make moderate progress, but comparative example 3 and reality
It applies example 3 to compare, without high temperature steaming baking, the coloring effect of cloth is poor, can not show a candle to 3 gained cloth of embodiment.
Comparative example 4:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron using following step substantially the same manner as Example 4, the difference is that: step
Suddenly step is baked without high temperature steaming after (3), directly washing post-processing.The cloth that direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 12, right
Ratio 4 compares with blank test, and the diffusion of the direct-injection technique of terylene and imbibition problem make moderate progress, but comparative example 4 and reality
It applies example 4 to compare, without high temperature steaming baking, the coloring effect of cloth is poor, can not show a candle to 4 gained cloth of embodiment.
Comparative example 5:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron using following step substantially the same manner as Example 5, the difference is that: step
Suddenly step is baked without high temperature steaming after (3), directly washing post-processing.The cloth that direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 13, right
Ratio 5 compares with blank test, and the diffusion of the direct-injection technique of terylene and imbibition problem make moderate progress, but comparative example 5 and reality
It applies example 5 to compare, without high temperature steaming baking, the coloring effect of cloth is poor, is not so good as 5 gained cloth of embodiment.
Comparative example 6:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron using following step substantially the same manner as Example 6, the difference is that: step
Suddenly step is baked without high temperature steaming after (3), directly washing post-processing.The cloth that direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 14, right
Ratio 6 compares with blank test, and the diffusion of the direct-injection technique of terylene and imbibition problem make moderate progress, but comparative example 6 and reality
It applies example 6 to compare, without high temperature steaming baking, the coloring effect of cloth is poor, is not so good as 6 gained cloth of embodiment.
Comparative example 7:
Digit printing is carried out to dacron using following step substantially the same manner as Example 7, the difference is that: step
Suddenly step is baked without high temperature steaming after (3), directly washing post-processing.The cloth that direct-injection technique obtains is as shown in figure 15, right
Ratio 7 compares with blank test, and the diffusion of the direct-injection technique of terylene and imbibition problem make moderate progress, but comparative example 7 and reality
It applies example 7 to compare, without high temperature steaming baking, the coloring effect of cloth is poor, is not so good as 7 gained cloth of embodiment.
The Applicant declares that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments detailed process equipment and process flow of the invention,
But the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, that is, it is above-mentioned detailed not mean that the present invention must rely on
Process equipment and process flow could be implemented.It should be clear to those skilled in the art, any improvement in the present invention,
Addition, selection of concrete mode of equivalence replacement and auxiliary element to each raw material of product of the present invention etc., all fall within of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of pretreatment fluid of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene, which is characterized in that thickener, 1-10 comprising 0.2-5 mass parts
Dispersion accelerant, the sodium chloride of 2-5 mass parts and the water of 80-97 mass parts of mass parts, the thickener include polypropylene acid
Class high molecular material, the dispersion accelerant are sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. the pretreatment fluid of dispersible ink direct-injection terylene according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickener also wraps
Include at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, synthetic gum tragacanth or A slurry.
3. a kind of direct-injection that the pretreatment fluid using the described in any item dispersible ink direct-injection terylene of claim 1-2 carries out is digital
Printing technology, which comprises the following steps:
S1: it prepares pretreatment fluid: weighing the water of 80-97 mass parts, then successively by the thickener of 0.2-5 mass parts, 1-10 mass
The dispersion accelerant of part, the sodium chloride of 2-5 mass parts are added to the water, and stirring and dissolving obtains pretreatment fluid；
S2: pre-processing dacron using the resulting pretreatment fluid of the S1, dries, obtains pretreated terylene and knit
Object；
S3: it will be drawn a design by digit printing machine and the pretreated dacron is painted on dispersible ink
On, drying；
S4: high temperature steaming bakes.
4. direct-injection digital printing process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the viscosity < of the pretreatment fluid
When 500mPas, dacron is pre-processed using pretreatment fluid by padding type starching machine in the S2.
5. direct-injection digital printing process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the viscosity of the pretreatment fluid >=
When 500mPas, by any in padding type starching machine, cylinder printing machine or flat screen printing machine in the S2, using pre-
Treatment fluid pre-processes dacron.
6. direct-injection digital printing process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that drying temperature is 70-80 in the S3
DEG C, drying time 1-2min.
7. direct-injection digital printing process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that baking temperature is 170- in the S4
190 DEG C, baking the time is 5-10min.
8. direct-injection digital printing process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include S5 after the S4: washing, institute
It states washing and includes the steps that the clear water successively carried out cleaning, reduction washing, clear water washing.
9. direct-injection digital printing process according to claim 8, which is characterized in that reduction used in the reduction washing
Cleaning solution includes sodium dithionite, sodium hydroxide and water.
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