CN106323658A - Device and method of simulating iron ore open pit-into-underground mining induced strata movement - Google Patents
Device and method of simulating iron ore open pit-into-underground mining induced strata movement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining rock mass mechanics engineering, and specifically relates to a device and a method of simulating iron ore open pit-into-underground mining induced strata movement. According to the device, a 3D physical model taking the actual joint fissure condition of a rock mass into consideration is built by use of a most similar material proportioning plan, so as to reproduce the whole process of strata movement and destruction induced by mining and the laws of deformation and destruction and to provide reasonable and effective suggestions for the prevention and control of geological disasters in a mine environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining rock mass mechanics field of engineering technology, be specifically related to a kind of simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation
The device and method of induction strata movement.
Background technology
Mineral resources are the material bases of the national economic development, and along with the development of economic construction, Chinese society is to ore deposit
The demand producing resource increases day by day, and the degree of depth of mining also continues to increase.For a long time, we pay attention to mining to society
The economic benefit brought, the series of problems produced during have ignored mining the most to a certain extent.Such as mine ring
Condition Geological Problems, irrational exploitation cause destruction of ecological environment around mining areas etc., and the generation of these problems not only affects the peace in mine
Full production, also governs socioeconomic development.Wherein Environ-geological Problems be affect Mine Safety in Production important because of
Element, to mine geological environment investigation with evaluate, predict and protection etc. has and is of great significance.Environ-geological Problems is many
Number is artificial geological process induction, mainly includes landslide, landslide, mud-rock flow, rock burst, roof fall, wall caving, the drum class such as the end, gushing water
Type, wherein most types are relevant with the strata movement rule that mining induces.It is former that research Environ-geological Problems produces
Cause, mechanism have important engineering significance to mine protection, and the research means to mining geology problem mainly has on-the-spot prison at present
Survey, numerical computations and physical model test method etc..Wherein physical experiments starts to be most commonly applied to earth and rockfill dam and slight slope
Research in the middle of.Within 1936, lattice grace Boris Kuznetsov proposes analog simulation method.The seminar taken the lead with Fumagali subsequently
First structural model test has been applied in engineering geological mechanical model, experimentation scope contain elasticity, plasticity and
The final stage destroyed.And be specifically designed for the model investigation in Mining-induced massif strata movement destroys and the most still belong to
Developmental stage, Yin Guangzhi etc. has carried out two dimensional model to phosphorus ore open air trestle exploitation thick in the low-angle dip of Jinning, Yunnan phosphorus ore deep
Test, is studied the response of Mining-induced side slope rock breakdown.Physical model test method research mining geology is used to ask
Topic at home and abroad broadly falls into developmental stage, there is also some problems, mainly has the following aspects: (1) is according to theory of similarity thing
Reason model test needs to use low bullet film, the analog material of high unit weight, analog material parameter and protolith parameter to need to meet necessarily
The likelihood ratio.(2) a foundation the most still difficult point of the three-dimensional physical model of rock mass true joints development situation is considered.(3)
Closest to mine, the simulation of the digging mode of true digging process is also in the exploratory stage, and rock mass internal modification in digging process
Monitoring is also the problem needing to solve further.
At present, both at home and abroad about the research starting relatively morning of rock type with great soil group Landslide Model analog material, achievement is the most more.
The sixties in 20th century, Italy scholar analog material of application in engineering geological mechanical model is tested had two kinds, and one is with lead
Oxide and Gypsum Fibrosum be aggregate, sand or pebble be the mixing material of adjuvant；Another kind be with epoxy resin, blanc fixe with
And the mixing material that glycerol is main component.Primary Cyprinus carpio of Korea Spro in 1994 et al. follow analog material should meet high unit weight, low-elasticity-modulus with
And low intensive principle, use iron powder, blanc fixe, red lead powder, paraffin, Colophonium, ethanol and neoprene etc. to be mixed
MIB material.This material cost is higher and processing technology is more complicated.20 century 70 Tsing-Hua University scholars use magnetic iron ore
Powder, river sand, Gypsum Fibrosum or cement and additive etc. have developed NIOS material, and material substantially meets the requirement of low-elasticity-modulus height unit weight,
But dry run is slower.The analog material commonly used in geomechanical model test of China mainly using blanc fixe as
Major ingredient, using Gypsum Fibrosum or saxol as cementing agent and the mixing material with quartz sand, zinc oxide, bentonite etc. as adjuvant.
Shandong University scholar combines Wuhan University's MSB material and the advantage of Tsing-Hua University's NIOS material, have developed novel geomechanics
Model test analog material.This material is with blanc fixe, Iron concentrate and quartz sand as major ingredient, with Gypsum Fibrosum as adjuvant, with pine
Fragrant alcoholic solution is that binding agent is mixed.This analog material relative low price and being readily available, meet simultaneously low-elasticity-modulus,
The requirement of high unit weight and stable performance, owing to ethanol is short for therefore drying time that is prone to volatilize, but owing to using alcohol in high concentration to deposit
In certain danger.
At present in the physical model test method of Mining-induced strata movement rule, how preference pattern analog material and joining
Ratio scheme, design a model assay device, how to seek a kind of effective method and sets up true ROCK MASS JOINT under consideration complex situations
The three-dimensional physical model of cranny development situation, effectively simulates mining, and reproducing Mining-induced strata movement process is current ore deposit
The key issue of mountain side slope physical experiments, is also difficult point place.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for prior art, the present invention provides a kind of simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction rock stratum to move
Dynamic device and method, it is therefore an objective to by using most like material mixture ratio scheme, set up and consider rock mass true joint fissure situation
Three-dimensional physical model, reproduce due to mining induction strata movement destroy overall process and Distortion Disciplinarian, for mine
Environmental geological Hazard prevention provides the most effective suggestion.
Realize the object of the invention simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement device, including model casing,
Orebody simulation box, builds module and drive system by laying bricks or stones；
Described model casing, places for therein and carries out the Orebody simulation box after size reduction and block according to actual mining area
Built module, is the ore body analog material to be excavated of simulation in Orebody simulation box, by extracting the box body of Orebody simulation box, mould one by one
Intend iron mine open air trestle recovery process ore body analog material deformation condition and STRESS VARIATION situation；
Described Orebody simulation box, if being made up of dried layer box body during level overlays model casing from down to up, by under
To simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation mining process during the upper box body of extraction one by one；Described ore body analog material with blanc fixe,
Essence iron powder and quartz sand be aggregate, with Gypsum Fibrosum as adjuvant, with cement as Binder Materials, the unit weight of ore body analog material be 2.30～
3.71g/cm3, comprcssive strength is 0.260～3.735MPa, and tensile strength is 0.021～0.323MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 38MPa
～688MPa, internal friction angle is 15 °～45 °, and cohesive strength is 0.12～0.81MPa；
The described country rock built by laying bricks or stones around module simulation ore body to be excavated distribution；
Described drive system is for successively extraction Orebody simulation box box body, and drags the box above it in lower floor's box body rear dragging
Body is to falling at extracted lower cassette body position.
Wherein, described model casing includes that base, the first side elevation, the second side elevation, the 3rd side elevation and the 4th are edge-on
Face, described second side elevation and the 4th side elevation be perpendicularly fixed on two minor faces of described base, and described 3rd side elevation hangs down
Directly being fixed on a long limit of described base, described first side elevation is vertically installed in the centre of described base or the described end
On another long limit of seat, described first side elevation passes through high-strength bolt and described second side elevation and described 4th side elevation phase
Connecting, described 3rd side elevation is connected with described second side elevation and described 4th side elevation respectively by welding, and described the
One side elevation lower end is provided with a rectangular opening that can extract Orebody simulation box box body out.
Described Orebody simulation box is except the external each layer box body of top-level boxes is all for being made up of top panel and three side panels
The drawer-like can of two sides opening, the top panel of described top layer box body and side panel connection, remaining each layer box body upper
Panel and side panel connection are all welded with triangle gusset, and a side panel of each box body is provided with two screwed holes,
It is welded with two safety hooks inside the top panel of top layer box body, its lower floor's box body top panel is provided with two and safety hook
The U-shaped open slot that position coordinates, two side panels being not provided with screwed hole of box body are provided with box body touching position below
Ball, is provided with groove with lower square box touching position.
Described drive system includes the first electric capstan, the second electric capstan, fixed support and screw buckle, described first
Electric capstan and the second electric capstan are fixed on fixed support, and described screw buckle is installed on the enclosure side panel of Orebody simulation box
Screwed hole and go up most below an Orebody simulation box top board in screwed hole；Wherein the steel strand wires connection of the first electric capstan is described respectively
On screw buckle in layer box body side panel screwed hole；The steel strand wires of the second electric capstan connect the safety jaw of top layer Orebody simulation box
Hook；The horizontal level of described first electric capstan line outlet and panel two screwed hole levels in lower cassette side in Orebody simulation box
Position is identical, and the horizontal level of described second electric capstan line outlet is parallel with model casing base plate.
The unit simulation iron mine open air trestle using above-mentioned simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement is opened
The method adopting induction strata movement follows the steps below:
(1) geological condition in target simulation mining area is determined, including formation lithology, rock mass structure and joints development situation, work
Journey mining type and rock deformation present situation and Historical Monitoring data；
(2) determine that model is similar according to the actual geological condition in target mining area with model casing physical dimension and the theory of similarity
Ratio, the intensive parameter of ROCK MASS JOINT and ore body analog material, design a model case and the physical dimension of Orebody simulation box, and builds by laying bricks or stones
Containing structural plane physical model, to simulate the actual rock mass also having structural plane in mining；
(3) build module by laying bricks or stones according to what the design in step (2) laid Orebody simulation box and surrounding, and install miniature survey
The tiltedly internal monitoring equipment such as instrument, distribution type fiber-optic, completes the installation of physical model in model casing, connects drive system；
(4) start drive system, the most successively extracted out Orebody simulation box box body by the first electric capstan, extract one out
After layer box body, box body thereon drops under gravity, when the box body on top fails to fall smoothly, electronic by second
Capstan winch is left behind, such repeat the above steps, until excavation simulation completes；
(5) by the excavation simulation in step (4), embedded type inclinometer draws Orebody simulation box and builds the inside of module by laying bricks or stones
Displacement data, with the long limit of model casing bottom surface as x-axis, broadside as z-axis, the direction that vertical direction is perpendicular to long limit is that y-axis is built
Vertical three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system, embedded type inclinometer records and includes x, and the analog material deformation values in tri-directions of y, z passes through deformation values
Judge ore body internal sabotage situation prediction of distortion trend, i.e. deformation values the biggest then ore body internal sabotage situation and deformation tendency more
Seriously, simultaneously according to the damage envelope of deformation regularity of distribution prediction exploitation.
Compared with prior art, the feature of the present invention and providing the benefit that:
(1) in prior art, the rock mass severe of mine strata model test simulation is big, and the unit weight likelihood ratio typically takes 1, institute
Must select the material that severe is big, the most conventional high unit weight material has blanc fixe, iron powder, lead oxide and manganese oxide；One
Lead oxide is easily reduced into virose metallic lead by hydrogen, carbon, carbon monoxide etc.；Titanium dioxide has excitatory suddenly, makes people produce slowly
Property poisoning, therefore these should not be as analog material aggregate.Iron concentrate, quartz sand and blanc fixe are that one can well mould
Intending high unit weight material, and stable in properties, material source is abundant and material easily obtains, therefore choose Iron concentrate, quartz sand and
Blanc fixe is as the aggregate materials of model test.Cementing material is cementation to be played in analog material, also to protect
The feature of card low-elasticity-modulus.Calx, Gypsum Fibrosum, portland cement and epoxy resin all can meet above-mentioned requirements, and wherein Calx is easily inhaled
Water, therefore can extend the molding time of material greatly；Though epoxy resin stability is good but expensive there is toxicity, thus not
It is suitable as Binder Materials.Gypsum Fibrosum is inexpensive and buys conveniently, is easy to again molding；Portland cement fast solidifying, drying shrinkage is little, just
In modelling and stable in properties, cheap and be readily available.Therefore portland cement and Gypsum Fibrosum are chosen as analog material
Cementing agent.Therefore the invention provides a kind of nontoxic analog material that is conveniently easy to get, with blanc fixe, essence iron powder and quartz
Sand is aggregate, is auxiliary with Gypsum Fibrosum, and cement is Binder Materials, and the parameter of material substantially covers most rock mass materials, this
Bright analog material is cheap to be readily available, safety non-toxic, easy-formation, repeatable utilization after the pulverizing that simultaneously adds water.
(2) mine physical experiments at present uses two dimension form general model, considerably simplify rock mass structure
Complexity and anisotropic, this subject matter that is also model test result present in the quantizing process.The present invention provides one
Plant the analogue experiment installation of threedimensional model, devise movable model casing, it is possible to complete large-scale two dimension and three-dimensional mine
Model test.The present invention has taken into full account true ROCK MASS JOINT developmental state, a group or several groups of controllings will grown in rock mass
Joint is built by laying bricks or stones in a model.Being first depending on the theory of similarity and determine the similar when joint intensive parameter of model geometric, wherein joint is strong
Degree parameter can first carry out laboratory test, and bond area or agglomerant concentration by regulation joint plane determine, determine that model is several
What size, ore body and joint distribution, digging mode, module size and arrangement, the module layering using analog material to make is built by laying bricks or stones
Model, the making of module need to use homemade mould, and the size of mould determines according to module size, during module making,
Analog material is stirred according to the ratio calculated, is subsequently poured in mould the mode compaction moulding using artificial impact.
The present invention uses Orebody simulation box simulation open air trestle exploitation Deep Mining iron mine, and joins with lifting drive system
The incompatible realization simulation to bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method.This excavation system can use mechanized manner hierarchical simulation ore body
Excavation, improves efficiency and the safety of test.
(3) current, in the middle of geomechanical model test, the monitoring major part moving earth's surface and broken epi-position uses noncontact
Formula metering system, this metering system can record rock stratum in test and collapse on a large scale the deformation data before destroying, but right
The measurement of model internal modification is the most also the difficult point of geomechanical model test, and part researcher uses the embedment of point type displacement meter
Measuring internal modification in the middle of model, the shortcoming of the method is that displacement meter is easy to depart from original position with strata movement, and
Measurement result cannot be obtained.The present invention is on the basis of with reference to mine slope scene deformation monitoring method, in conjunction with current ground work
Journey model test measuring technology, introduces in the middle of mine model test, in the measurement of internal modification, at model by embedded type inclinometer
Building process vertically imbeds inclinometer, it is to avoid the shortcoming of common point type displacement meter, it is possible to measure in whole experimentation
Internal modification.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of device simulating iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement and side
Method, uses most like material mixture ratio scheme, sets up the three-dimensional physical model considering rock mass true joint fissure situation, reproduce due to
The overall process of mining induction strata movement destruction and Distortion Disciplinarian, provide for the preventing and treating of mine environmental geology disaster problem
The most effective suggestion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the inventive method；
Fig. 2 is model casing and the drive system schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the Orebody simulation box schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the top layer box body structural representation of apparatus of the present invention Orebody simulation box；
Wherein: (a) is the upward view of top layer box body；B () is the rearview of top layer box body；
Fig. 5 is each layer box body structure schematic diagram in addition to top layer of apparatus of the present invention Orebody simulation box；
Wherein: (a) is the upward view of each layer box body；B () is the rearview of each layer box body；
Fig. 6 is each layer box body schematic perspective view in addition to top layer of apparatus of the present invention Orebody simulation box；
Fig. 7 is apparatus of the present invention Orebody simulation box and the first electric capstan connected mode schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is apparatus of the present invention Orebody simulation box and the second electric capstan connected mode schematic diagram；
Wherein: 1: model casing；1-1: base；1-2: the first side elevation；1-3: the second side elevation；1-4: the three side elevation；
1-5: the four side elevation；1-6: rectangular opening；2: drive system；2-1: fixed support；2-2: the first electric capstan；2-3: the second electricity
Dynamic capstan winch；2-4: screw buckle；2-5: steel strand wires；3: Orebody simulation box；3-1: top layer box body；3-2: except each layer that top-level boxes is external
Box body；3-3: screwed hole；3-4: safety hook；3-5: triangle gusset；3-6:U type open slot；3-7: ball；3-8: groove；
4: build module by laying bricks or stones；
Fig. 9 is the exploitation simulation drawing simulating iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The inclinometer used in the present embodiment is the SAA inclinometer that Canada produces.
Below as a example by mountain iron mine transition from open-pit underground mining at the moment and hole end waterproof measure model investigation, introduce this specially
The performance of profit.
The present embodiment simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement device as shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 8, including
Model casing 1, Orebody simulation box 3, build module 4 and drive system 2 by laying bricks or stones；
Described model casing 1, places for therein and carries out Orebody simulation box 3 He after size reduction according to actual mining area
Build module 4 by laying bricks or stones, be the ore body analog material to be excavated of simulation in Orebody simulation box 3, by extracting the box of Orebody simulation box 3 one by one
Body, simulation iron mine open air trestle recovery process ore body analog material deformation condition and STRESS VARIATION situation；
Described Orebody simulation box 3, if being made up of dried layer box body during level overlays model casing from down to up, by under
To simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation mining process during the upper box body of extraction one by one；Described ore body analog material with blanc fixe,
Essence iron powder and quartz sand be aggregate, with Gypsum Fibrosum as adjuvant, with cement as Binder Materials, the unit weight of ore body analog material be 2.30～
3.71g/cm3, comprcssive strength is 0.260～3.735MPa, and tensile strength is 0.021～0.323MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 38MPa
～688MPa, internal friction angle is 15 °～45 °, and cohesive strength is 0.12～0.81MPa；
Described builds the country rock distribution that module 4 is simulated around ore body to be excavated by laying bricks or stones；
Described drive system 2 is for successively extraction Orebody simulation box 3 box body, and drags above it in lower floor's box body rear dragging
Box body is to falling at extracted lower cassette body position.
Wherein, described model casing 1 includes base 1-1, the first side elevation 1-2, the second side elevation 1-3, the 3rd side elevation
1-4 and the 4th side elevation 1-5, described second side elevation 1-3 and the 4th side elevation 1-5 are perpendicularly fixed at the two of described base 1-1
On individual minor face, described 3rd side elevation 1-4 is perpendicularly fixed on a long limit of described base 1-1, described first side elevation 1-2
Being vertically installed on the centre of described base 1-1 or another long limit of described base 1-1, described first side elevation 1-2 leads to
Crossing high-strength bolt to be connected with described second side elevation 1-3 and described 4th side 1-5 facade, described 3rd side elevation 1-4 passes through
Welding is connected with described second side elevation 1-3 and described 4th side elevation 1-5 respectively, and described first side elevation 1-2 lower end sets
It is equipped with a rectangular opening 1-6 that can extract Orebody simulation box box body out.
Described Orebody simulation box 3 is except the external each layer box body of top-level boxes is all for being made up of top panel and three side panels
The drawer-like can of two sides opening, the top panel of described top layer box body 3-1 and side panel connection, remaining each layer box body 3-
The top panel of 2 and side panel connection are all welded with triangle gusset 3-5, and a side panel of each box body is provided with two
Screwed hole 3-3, is welded with two safety hook 3-4 inside the top panel of top layer box body, its lower floor's box body top panel is provided with
Two U-shaped open slot 3-6 coordinated with safety hook position, two side panels being not provided with screwed hole of box body and box below
Body touching position is provided with ball 3-7, and lower square box touching position is provided with groove 3-8.
Described drive system includes the first electric capstan 2-2, the second electric capstan 2-3, fixed support 2-1 and screw buckle
2-4, described first electric capstan 2-2 and the second electric capstan 2-3 are fixed on 2-1 on fixed support,
Described screw buckle 2-4 is installed on the enclosure side panel screwed hole 3-3 of Orebody simulation box and most goes up an Orebody simulation
Below box top board in screwed hole；Wherein the steel strand wires 2-5 of the first electric capstan 2-2 connects described each layer box body side panel screwed hole
In screw buckle on；The steel strand wires 2-5 of the second electric capstan 2-3 connects the safety hook 3-4 of top layer Orebody simulation box；Described
Two screwed hole horizontal level phases of the horizontal level of one electric capstan 2-2 line outlet and lower cassette side panel in Orebody simulation box
With, the horizontal level of described second electric capstan 2-3 line outlet is parallel with model casing base plate.
The unit simulation iron mine of the present embodiment employing above-mentioned simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement is outdoor
The method turning underground mining induction strata movement follows the steps below:
(1) geological condition in target simulation mining area is determined, including formation lithology, rock mass structure and joints development situation, work
Journey mining type and rock deformation present situation and Historical Monitoring data；
In the present embodiment, Anshan iron and steel plant mining company mountain iron mine at the moment completes strip mining transformation in JIUYUE, 2012, currently carries out
The Wall ore mining operations of 6 years by a definite date；Deep orebody is entered after terminating by the exploitation of Wall ore body by employing sublevel caving method without sill pillar
Row exploitation, exploitation includes-320m and two level development systems of-500m, and designing total length of service is 23 years；
Strip mining transformation forms long 1410m suitable for reading, the outdoor pit of wide 570～710m, pit surrounding slope deforming after closing hole
Substantially, especially thing end helps the geological disasters such as landslide, landslide, ground fissure and deformation to happen occasionally, and produces band for mining area safety
Carry out hidden danger；
(2) determine that model is similar according to the actual geological condition in target mining area with model casing physical dimension and the theory of similarity
Ratio, the intensive parameter of ROCK MASS JOINT and ore body analog material, design a model case and the physical dimension of Orebody simulation box, and builds by laying bricks or stones
Containing structural plane physical model, to simulate the actual rock mass also having structural plane in mining；
Being 200 by geometric similarity parameter in the present embodiment, unit weight similar parameter is the end of the model test Mining-induced of 1
Side earth surface of side slope depression and strata movement rule；
Side side slope physical model in eastern section according to the actual geology in mine, mountain at the moment and exploitation situation, simulation working of lodes width is
160m, mining depth are-69m～-141m, use oper cylinler avalanche formula mining type to divide three layers of exploitation, therefore Orebody simulation box
Being designed as three layers of box body, simulation exploitation schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 9；In conjunction with historical experience and on-the-spot slope body crushing rock formation situation, east
End wall uses two kinds of various sizes of dummy block to build by laying bricks or stones, and ore body above section mainly uses length × width × height respectively
For the dummy block of 7.5cm × 5cm × 5cm, expanded letter mainly use with lower part length × width × height be respectively 15cm × 15cm ×
The dummy block of 15cm, the joint spacing of simulation is 10～30 meters, and model is layered from lower to upper and builds by laying bricks or stones, and model height 2.5 meters is wide
Spending 2 meters, bottom surface length of grade 1.5 meters, the gradient about 45 degree, in formation dip is 10 degree of dip slopes；
(3) build module by laying bricks or stones according to what the design in step (2) laid Orebody simulation box and surrounding, and install miniature survey
The tiltedly internal monitoring equipment such as instrument, distribution type fiber-optic, completes the installation of physical model in model casing, connects drive system；(4) start
Drive system, the most successively extracts Orebody simulation box box body out by the first electric capstan, extracts out after one layer of box body thereon
Box body drop under gravity, when the box body on top fails to fall smoothly, left behind by the second electric capstan, as
This repeat the above steps, until excavation simulation completes；
(5) by the excavation simulation in step (4), embedded type inclinometer draws Orebody simulation box and builds the inside of module by laying bricks or stones
Displacement data, with the long limit of model casing bottom surface as x-axis, broadside as z-axis, the direction that vertical direction is perpendicular to long limit is that y-axis is built
Vertical three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system, embedded type inclinometer records and includes x, and the analog material deformation values in tri-directions of y, z passes through deformation values
Judge ore body internal sabotage situation prediction of distortion trend, i.e. deformation values the biggest then ore body internal sabotage situation and deformation tendency more
Seriously, simultaneously according to the damage envelope of deformation regularity of distribution prediction exploitation.
Claims (5)
1. the device simulating iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement, it is characterised in that include model casing, ore body
Simulation box, builds module and drive system by laying bricks or stones；
Described model casing, is used for placing the Orebody simulation box after carrying out size reduction according to actual mining area therein and building mould by laying bricks or stones
Block, is the ore body analog material to be excavated of simulation in Orebody simulation box, by extracting the box body of Orebody simulation box one by one, simulates ferrum
Ore deposit open air trestle recovery process ore body analog material deformation condition and STRESS VARIATION situation；
Described Orebody simulation box, if being made up of, from down to up dried layer box body during level overlays model casing from down to up
Simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation mining process during extraction box body one by one；Described ore body analog material is with blanc fixe, essence ferrum
Powder and quartz sand are aggregate, with Gypsum Fibrosum as adjuvant, with cement as Binder Materials, the unit weight of ore body analog material be 2.30～
3.71g/cm3, comprcssive strength is 0.260～3.735MPa, and tensile strength is 0.021～0.323MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 38MPa
～688MPa, internal friction angle is 15 °～45 °, and cohesive strength is 0.12～0.81MPa；
The described country rock built by laying bricks or stones around module simulation ore body to be excavated distribution；
Described drive system for successively extraction Orebody simulation box box body, and lower floor's box body rear dragging drag box body above it to
Fall at extracted lower cassette body position.
A kind of device simulating iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is that described model casing includes base, the first side elevation, the second side elevation, the 3rd side elevation and the 4th side elevation, described
Two side elevations and the 4th side elevation are perpendicularly fixed on two minor faces of described base, and described 3rd side elevation is perpendicularly fixed at institute
Stating on a long limit of base, described first side elevation is vertically installed in another of the centre of described base or described base
On long limit, described first side elevation is connected with described second side elevation and described 4th side elevation by high-strength bolt, described
3rd side elevation is connected with described second side elevation and described 4th side elevation, under described first side elevation respectively by welding
End is provided with a rectangular opening that can extract Orebody simulation box box body out.
A kind of device simulating iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement the most according to claim 1, its feature
Be described Orebody simulation box except the external each layer box body of top-level boxes all for be made up of top panel and three side panels two
The drawer-like can of face opening, the top panel of described top layer box body and side panel connection, the top panel of remaining each layer box body
All being welded with triangle gusset with side panel connection, a side panel of each box body is provided with two screwed holes, top layer
It is welded with two safety hooks inside the top panel of box body, its lower floor's box body top panel is provided with two and safety hook position
The U-shaped open slot coordinated, two side panels being not provided with screwed hole of box body are provided with ball with box body touching position below,
Lower square box touching position is provided with groove.
A kind of device simulating iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is that described drive system includes the first electric capstan, the second electric capstan, fixed support and screw buckle, described first electronic
Capstan winch and the second electric capstan are fixed on fixed support, and described screw buckle is installed on the enclosure side panel screw thread of Orebody simulation box
Hole and go up most below an Orebody simulation box top board in screwed hole；Wherein the steel strand wires of the first electric capstan connect described each layer box
On screw buckle in the panel screwed hole of side；The steel strand wires of the second electric capstan connect the safety hook of top layer Orebody simulation box；
The horizontal level of described first electric capstan line outlet and panel two screwed hole horizontal positions in lower cassette side in Orebody simulation box
Putting identical, the horizontal level of described second electric capstan line outlet is parallel with model casing base plate.
5. use the unit simulation iron mine dew of simulation iron mine open air trestle exploitation induction strata movement as claimed in claim 1
It turns the method for underground mining induction strata movement, it is characterised in that follow the steps below:
(1) determine the geological condition in target simulation mining area, open including formation lithology, rock mass structure and joints development situation, engineering
Adopt mode and rock deformation present situation and Historical Monitoring data；
(2) the model likelihood ratio, rock are determined according to the actual geological condition in target mining area and model casing physical dimension and the theory of similarity
Body segment reason intensive parameter and ore body analog material, design a model case and the physical dimension of Orebody simulation box, and build by laying bricks or stones containing
Structural plane physical model, to simulate the actual rock mass also having structural plane in mining；
(3) build module by laying bricks or stones according to what the design in step (2) laid Orebody simulation box and surrounding, and install miniature deviational survey
The internal monitoring equipment such as instrument, distribution type fiber-optic, completes the installation of physical model in model casing, connects drive system；
(4) start drive system, the most successively extracted out Orebody simulation box box body by the first electric capstan, extract one layer of box out
After body, box body thereon drops, under gravity when the box body on top fails to fall smoothly, by the second electric capstan
Being left behind, such repeat the above steps, until excavation simulation completes；
(5) by the excavation simulation in step (4), embedded type inclinometer draws Orebody simulation box and builds the internal displacement of module by laying bricks or stones
Data, with the long limit of model casing bottom surface as x-axis, broadside as z-axis, the direction that vertical direction is perpendicular to long limit is that y-axis sets up three
Dimension rectangular coordinate system, embedded type inclinometer records and includes x, and the analog material deformation values in tri-directions of y, z is judged by deformation values
Ore body internal sabotage situation prediction of distortion trend, i.e. deformation values the biggest then ore body internal sabotage situation and deformation tendency are the tightest
Weight, simultaneously according to the damage envelope of deformation regularity of distribution prediction exploitation.
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