CN106321692B - A kind of building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging - Google Patents
A kind of building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging Download PDFInfo
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- CN106321692B CN106321692B CN201610864583.1A CN201610864583A CN106321692B CN 106321692 B CN106321692 B CN 106321692B CN 201610864583 A CN201610864583 A CN 201610864583A CN 106321692 B CN106321692 B CN 106321692B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/14—Mechanical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
- F16D2125/22—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting transversely to the axis of rotation
- F16D2125/28—Cams; Levers with cams
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of building methods of the cam mechanism for brake rigging, the described method comprises the following steps：S1：The model for determining the enlargement ratio of the cam, to obtain under different enlargement ratios, the relation function of the center of circle of the outer circle of cam relative to the distance of cam revolving center；S2：Determine the outer profile radius equation of Optimization Compensation angle equation and the cam；S3：According to equation functions determined by step S1 and S2, distance of the center of circle of the Optimization Compensation angle, the outer circle of outer profile radius and cam that correspond under different enlargement ratios relative to cam revolving center is obtained using iterative method, and draw cam contour；S4：The cam mechanism is constructed according to the cam contour of drafting.The present invention has the characteristics that construct precision height, model more accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cam Design fields, the more particularly to a kind of structure of cam mechanism for brake rigging
Make method.
Background technology
It is continuously improved with the power and the speed of service of rail traffic vehicles, must be requested that brake rigging output is larger
Brake force, to ensure that train can stop in emergency braking in defined braking distance.Currently, the power of brake rigging
Enlarger there are mainly three types of form：Lever, wedge block, cam.There is compact-sized, braking efficiency using cam structure
Height, braking leverage range is wide, and, it can be achieved that after brake block abrasion in big multiplying power foundation brake unit, larger single compensation amount.
The cam mechanism of brake rigging realizes change brake rigging by changing the camber line of cam outer margin contour
Braking leverage, under different braking multiplying power, cam has different outer margin contour lines.
Chinese patent literature CN104747632 A disclose the design method of the cam mechanism for brake rigging,
The patent obtains the outer margin contour line of cam with Analytic Method.Its theoretical principle is to establish mechanical balance side by reversal process
Journey, by gas pressure power to the power of cam hinge joint away from being balanced to the resistance of cam hinge joint away from establishing with brake shoe reaction
Then equation establishes angular displacement of the cam and the push rod elongation equation of motion, to acquire cam outer rim track.The proprietary cam
Stress balance equation F pushes away * r*cos (δ-β)-F* (ds/d δ) ^2*cos a=0, but this model does not consider piston-deflection to cam
Influence of the power away from generation, and differential variable ds/d δ are not resistance away from F not only exists in F* (ds/d δ) ^2 known to force analysis
The directions cos a generate rotating torque to cam hinge joint, and generating rotating torque to cam hinge joint in the directions sin a equally generates
Rotating torque.That is equilibrium equation existing defects, behind derive and also have large error.
It is relatively complicated due to pressing above-mentioned patent making cam contour process for machining and manufacturing, and machine appearance profile
Examine that there is also sizable difficulties, it can be seen that it is raw to be not suitable for batch in actual production process for the design method existing defects
Production and control of product quality.
Invention content
Accurately cam can be determined in different enlargement ratios with reference to the stressing conditions of cam the present invention provides a kind of
Under wide radius of circle and Optimization Compensation angle a kind of cam mechanism for brake rigging building method.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：
A kind of building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging, the cam mechanism include：Push rod, idler wheel,
Cam and piston, the side of the push rod are connect with the brake mechanism of the brake rigging, and the other side is rotated with the idler wheel
Connection, the idler wheel is for pushing against the cam contact, and the branch angle of the piston is hinged with the cam, the method
Include the following steps：
S1：Determine the enlargement ratio model of the cam, and opposite according to the center of circle of the outer circle of enlargement ratio acquisition cam
In the distance of cam revolving center；Wherein, the enlargement ratio Construction of A Model of the cam is：
Wherein, distance of the center of circle of the outer profile of cam described in Lob relative to cam revolving center, Loa are in convex rotation
For the heart at a distance from piston hinge point, Lae is piston pole length, and Lof is the distance between the center of rotation at idler wheel center and cam,
A be piston effect point and cam revolving center line and horizontal direction angle, B be piston axis deflect after with vertical direction
Angle, D are the angle of Lob and vertical direction；
S2：Determine Optimization Compensation angle model and outer profile Radius Model；Wherein, the Optimization Compensation angle model
It is configured to：
A- δ=D- δ+γ (14)
The outer profile Radius Model is configured to：
Wherein, the γ is Optimization Compensation angle, and Lbd is profile radius of circle, and Lcd is idler wheel radius；
S3：The result of the step S1 and S2 is combined, is obtained corresponding to excellent under different enlargement ratios using iterative method
Change distance of the center of circle of the outer circle of offset angle, outer profile radius and cam relative to cam revolving center, and draws cam
Profile；
S4：The cam mechanism is constructed according to the cam contour of drafting.
Wherein, the step S1 further comprises：
S11：Cartesian coordinate system is established centered on the center of rotation of the cam；
S12：Establish the vector statics balance equation about the cam；
Wherein, FGasIt is piston to the thrust of cam, FResistanceThe power of idler wheel is acted on for cam；
S13：Determine piston-deflection cutting between deflection angle equation and idler wheel and cam in the cartesian coordinate system
Line deflection angle equation in the cartesian coordinate system；
Wherein, C is cam and idler wheel point of contact normal and cartesian coordinate system horizontal line X-axis angle；
S14：According toWithAnd the result of step S12 and S13, it obtains described convex
Take turns the model of the enlargement ratio of mechanism；
Wherein, P is work nominal pressure, and S is piston seal face area, FLockSize is equal to push rod horizontal direction force value.
Wherein, the step S2 further comprises：
S21：It obtains under different enlargement ratios, determines the relation equation of cam contour radius of circle,
S22：Geometrical relationship formula (15) is utilized to obtain the outer profile Radius Model, wherein geometrical relationship formula (15) is：
Lbd=Lbc-Lcd.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of building methods of the cam mechanism for brake rigging, according to cam
Configuration relation between structure, idler wheel and piston is more comprehensively analyzed, and is accurately obtained for (the braking of different enlargement ratios
Multiplying power), corresponding Optimization Compensation angle and profile radius of circle, suitable for mass production and control of product quality can be obtained.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the brake rigging with cam mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the force analysis schematic diagram of the cam mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow of the building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Reference sign
1- piston 2- resetting springs
3- cam 4- cam axis pins
5- idler wheel axis pin 6- idler wheels
7- push rods
Specific implementation mode
In the following, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing, but it is not as limiting to the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, for the structural schematic diagram of the brake rigging with cam mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention；Its
In, the cam mechanism in the present embodiment may include：Push rod 7, idler wheel 6, cam 3 and piston 1, side and the basis of push rod 7 are made
The brake mechanism connection of dynamic device, the other side are rotatablely connected with idler wheel 6 by idler wheel axis pin 5, and outer profile and the idler wheel 6 of cam 3 connect
It touches, and the branch angle of piston 1 is hinged with cam 3, cam 3 is realized by cam axis pin 4 and rotated.
It is configured based on above structure, the construction to cam mechanism may be implemented in the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, being based on Fig. 2
Shown in the force analysis schematic diagram of cam mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention and the principle of the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 3
Schematic diagram；A kind of building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging as shown in Figure 4 in the embodiment of the present invention,
In may comprise steps of：
S1：Determine the enlargement ratio model of the cam, and opposite according to the center of circle of the outer circle of enlargement ratio acquisition cam
In the distance of cam revolving center；Wherein, the enlargement ratio Construction of A Model of the cam is：
Wherein, distance of the center of circle of the outer profile of cam described in Lob relative to cam revolving center, Loa are in convex rotation
For the heart at a distance from piston hinge point, Lae is piston pole length, and Lof is the distance between the center of rotation at idler wheel center and cam,
A be piston effect point and cam revolving center line and horizontal direction angle, B be piston axis deflect after with vertical direction
Angle, D be Lob and vertical direction angle, Lon be convex center of rotation with it is intermarginal outside piston at a distance from；
S2：Determine Optimization Compensation angle model and outer profile Radius Model；Wherein, the Optimization Compensation angle model
It is configured to：
A- δ=D- δ+γ (13)
The outer profile Radius Model is configured to：
Wherein, the γ is Optimization Compensation angle, and Lbd is profile radius of circle, and Lcd is idler wheel radius；
S3：The result of the step S1 and S2 is combined, is obtained corresponding to excellent under different enlargement ratios using iterative method
Change distance of the center of circle of the outer circle of offset angle, outer profile radius and cam relative to cam revolving center, and draws cam
Profile；
S4：The cam mechanism is constructed according to the cam contour of drafting.
Wherein, the modeling process of the enlargement ratio of the cam in step S1 may comprise steps of：
S11：Cartesian coordinate system is established centered on the center of rotation of the cam；
S12：Establish the vector statics balance equation about the cam；
Wherein, FGasIt is piston to the thrust of cam, FResistanceThe power of idler wheel is acted on for cam；
Can be simplified to above-mentioned equilibrium equation,
Wherein,
Abbreviation obtains：
Wherein,
Cam enlargement ratio N is：
S13：Determine piston-deflection cutting between deflection angle equation and idler wheel and cam in the cartesian coordinate system
Line deflection angle equation in the cartesian coordinate system；
It can be obtained by following formula (7) and (8) parsing：
B=f (A) (7)
C=f (D) (8)
Wherein, C is cam and idler wheel point of contact normal and cartesian coordinate system horizontal line X-axis angle；
S14：According toWithAnd the result of step S12 and S13, it obtains described convex
Take turns the model of the enlargement ratio of mechanism；
Wherein, P is work nominal pressure, and S is piston seal face area, FLockSize is equal to push rod horizontal direction force value.
In addition, in step S2 obtain Optimization Compensation angle model and outer profile Radius Model the step of can be further
Including：
S21：It obtains under different enlargement ratios, determines the relation equation of cam contour radius of circle,
S22：Geometrical relationship formula (15) is utilized to obtain the outer profile Radius Model, wherein geometrical relationship formula (15) is：
Lbd=Lbc-Lcd.
Wherein, order can be passed through for the acquisition of Optimization Compensation angle modelAlso, in the present embodiment
Loa is definite value, and Lob can determine that cam contour deferent is using O as the center of circle, and radius is on the circle of Lob.And enlargement ratio
Only it is the function of angle A and angle D:
N=f (A, D) (12)
When locomotive brake, cam is sent out around axis pin into rotation, then angle A and angle D is simultaneously around fixed point O rotation angle δ, and angle
Knots modification δ is identical, A and D existence function relationships：
A- δ=D- δ+γ (13)
Wherein γ is Optimization Compensation angle.
Using the Optimization Compensation angle model of above-mentioned acquisition, outer profile Radius Model and enlargement ratio model, can draw
Cam structure profile with corresponding Optimization Compensation angle and outer profile radius when going out different enlargement ratios is according to the profile
Corresponding cam mechanism can be constructed and produce, the present embodiment considers piston-deflection to influence of the cam power away from generation, FIt pushes away
Rotating torque not only is generated to cam hinge joint in the directions cos a, it is same to generate rotating torque to cam hinge joint in the directions sin a
Sample generates rotating torque.I.e. equilibrium equation is more complete, and error is smaller.
Above example is only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is not used in the limitation present invention, protection scope of the present invention
It is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can within the spirit and scope of the present invention make respectively the present invention
Kind modification or equivalent replacement, this modification or equivalent replacement also should be regarded as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging, the cam mechanism include：It is push rod, idler wheel, convex
Wheel and piston, the side of the push rod are connect with the brake mechanism of the brake rigging, and the other side connects with idler wheel rotation
It connects, the idler wheel is for pushing against the cam, and the branch angle of the piston is hinged with the cam, which is characterized in that institute
The method of stating includes the following steps：
S1：Determine the enlargement ratio model of the cam, and according to the center of circle of the outer circle of enlargement ratio acquisition cam relative to convex
Take turns the distance of center of rotation；Wherein, the enlargement ratio Construction of A Model of the cam is：
Wherein, distance of the center of circle of the outer profile of cam described in Lob relative to cam revolving center, Loa be convex center of rotation with
The distance of piston hinge point, Lae are piston pole length, and Lof is the distance between the center of rotation at idler wheel center and cam, and A is
The angle of piston effect point and cam revolving center line and horizontal direction, B are the folder with vertical direction after piston axis deflects
Angle, D are the angle of Lob and vertical direction, and C is cam and idler wheel point of contact normal and cartesian coordinate system horizontal line X-axis angle,
Lbc is cam contour radius of circle, and the angle that δ is rotated around fixed point O simultaneously for angle A and angle D, Lon is outside convex center of rotation and piston
Intermarginal distance；
S2：Determine Optimization Compensation angle model and outer profile Radius Model；Wherein, the Optimization Compensation angle model construction
For：
A- δ=D- δ+γ (14)
The outer profile Radius Model is configured to：
Wherein, the γ is Optimization Compensation angle, and Lbd is profile radius of circle, and Lcd is idler wheel radius；
S3：The result of the step S1 and S2 is combined, the optimization corresponded under different enlargement ratios is obtained using iterative method and is mended
Distance of the center of circle of angle, the outer circle of outer profile radius and cam relative to cam revolving center is repaid, and draws cam contour；
S4：The cam mechanism is constructed according to the cam contour of drafting.
2. building method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S1 further comprises：
S11：Cartesian coordinate system is established centered on the center of rotation of the cam；
S12：Establish the vector statics balance equation about the cam；
Wherein, FGasIt is piston to the thrust of cam, FResistanceThe power of idler wheel is acted on for cam；
S13：Determine that tangent line of the piston-deflection in the cartesian coordinate system between deflection angle equation and idler wheel and cam exists
Deflection angle equation in the cartesian coordinate system；
Wherein, C is cam and idler wheel point of contact normal and cartesian coordinate system horizontal line X-axis angle；
S14：According toWithAnd the result of step S12 and S13, obtain the cam machine
The model of the enlargement ratio of structure；
Wherein, P is work nominal pressure, and S is piston seal face area, FLockSize is equal to push rod horizontal direction force value.
3. building method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S2 further comprises：
S21：It obtains under different enlargement ratios, determines the relation equation of cam contour radius of circle,
S22：Geometrical relationship formula (15) is utilized to obtain the outer profile Radius Model, wherein geometrical relationship formula (15) is：Lbd=
Lbc-Lcd。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610864583.1A CN106321692B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610864583.1A CN106321692B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of building method of cam mechanism for brake rigging |
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| CN108216799A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-29 | 上海东富龙科技股份有限公司 | The optimization of cam and modeling method in a kind of bottle placer cam transport mechanism |
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| CN202624547U (en) * | 2011-09-24 | 2012-12-26 | 上海百顺交通器材有限公司 | Eccentric cam brake safety mechanism for brake device of electric car |
| CN102424090B (en) * | 2011-09-24 | 2013-01-30 | 上海百顺交通器材有限公司 | Eccentric cam braking safety mechanism for braking device of electric vehicle |
| DE102012103017A1 (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-10 | Bpw Bergische Achsen Kg | Bearing a part cylindrical outer surface having rotary lever against a pressure piece |
| CN202674113U (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-01-16 | 杭州纽创工业设计有限公司 | A brake cam mechanism for a brake assembly |
| CN103032495A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-10 | 重庆舰帏机械有限公司 | Cam type brake mechanism |
| CN104747632B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2017-07-14 | 常州南车铁马科技实业有限公司 | Method for designing for the cam mechanism of brake rigging |
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