CN106320254A - Method for assisting user to gather fishes to entrance of fish passage facility - Google Patents
Method for assisting user to gather fishes to entrance of fish passage facility Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106320254A CN106320254A CN201610699720.0A CN201610699720A CN106320254A CN 106320254 A CN106320254 A CN 106320254A CN 201610699720 A CN201610699720 A CN 201610699720A CN 106320254 A CN106320254 A CN 106320254A
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- bait
- pass structure
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 270
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002789 length control Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/006—Arresting, diverting or chasing away fish in water-courses or water intake ducts, seas or lakes, e.g. fish barrages, deterrent devices ; Devices for cleaning fish barriers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for assisting a user to gather fishes to an entrance of a fish passage facility. The method specifically comprises the steps that healthy target fishes without trauma are selected for conditioned reflex training, bait is put at the position 1 m to 10 m away from the target fishes, a stimulus is generated beside the bait at the same time, and the target fishes move towards the bait and the stimulus to take in the bait and arrive at the stimulus; the target fishes are driven to the initial point through a blocking net, meanwhile, no stimulus is generated, the distance is enlarged, a stimulus is generated again, but no bait is put, and the target fishes move towards the stimulus; and the trained target fishes are released in a natural river, the trained target fishes in a fish shoal can sense the stimulus and directionally move towards the stimulus due to the conditioned reflex, the fish shoal directionally moves towards the stimulus along with the trained fishes, and the fishes can be assisted in gathering to the entrance of the fish passage facility. According to the method, the efficiency that the proliferated and released fishes and the wild fishes gather to the entrance of the fish passage facility can be improved, and the operating efficiency of the fish passage facility can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineering technical field, be more particularly to the side assisting fish collection to fish pass structure import
Method.
Background technology
The hydraulic engineering that China greatly develops in recent years destroys the connectedness in river, has intercepted fish migration passage.Cross
Facilities for fish's passage is as important project compensation and Mitigation methods, and it designs, the level requirement of construction is more and more higher, how to assist Fish
Find fish pass structure import and how to lure collection to be to ensure that fish pass structure has preferable operational effect to fish pass structure import Fish
One of key link.How to utilize ichthyologic Research foundation to assist fish collection to become ecological guarantor to fish pass structure import
Protect and the new problem of extensive concern in hydraulic engineering.
Summary of the invention
Method for auxiliary fish collection at present to fish pass structure import can not guide fish collection to arrive fish efficiently
The problem of facility import, it is an object of the invention to there are provided a kind of method assisting fish collection to arrive fish pass structure import,
Method is feasible, and can significantly improve the Fish congregational rate in fish pass structure import, can be in fish pass structure running
Fish gathering link provides effective guarantee, and fish scheme of crossing and actual motion for fish pass structure provide technical support, lead in hydraulic engineering
Territory has important using value.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that
1. select target to use fish
Selected target fish outward appearance is the most substantially damaged.The target specification model crossing fish object in fish specification limit and fish pass structure
Enclosing holding consistent, target can be crossed fish amount according to fish pass structure by fish amount and freely regulate, and target is the biggest by fish amount, and final auxiliary is gathered
Collection effect is the best.Target keeps one with the specification limit (10 cm ~ 40 cm) crossing fish object in fish specification limit and fish pass structure
Cause, target with fish amount is river Mesichthyes minimum Closed Population quantity 20% (i.e. 500 tails/kind × 20%=100 tail/kind);If using
The all fishes released in enhancement releasing station by this technical scheme carry out this programme process, then can improve by the migration success of Fish of releasing
Rate.
2. Fish trained reflex training
Utilize vision or the audition of Fish, utilize the award method of fish bait, target is carried out trained reflex training with fish so that it is
Can be towards particular stimulation source (light source or sound source) directed movement beyond specific range.The concrete grammar of trained reflex training:
(1) fish is positioned in sufficiently long pond (pond length can be 100 more than m or the desired length of other trainers;In order to
Not hindering target free level or the vertical duction of fish to move, pond width and the depth of water all should be at least above length of fish body
More than 2 times).(2) target is positioned at least 100m length and width degree and the degree of depth water at least above length of fish body more than 2 times with fish
The one end (referred to as starting point) in pond, after waiting that fish stablizes 1 min, throwing in bait at distance Fish 10 m (can in real process
Visual capacity according to different fingerlings is adjusted, and can be 1m, 2m, 5 m, 10m or other distance values), and simultaneously by bait
Produce stimulus, i.e. light source or sound source, when fish moves towards bait and stimulus, after absorbing bait and arriving at stimulus, this mistake
Journey is referred to as training process.Then Fish it is driven to starting point with block and does not produce stimulus simultaneously, treating that fish stablizes 1 min,
Then a trained reflex test process is carried out: again producing stimulus at 10 m but do not throw in bait, can observe fish court
Bait and stimulus moves and arrives at stimulus.If fish can not move towards stimulus, again carry out above-mentioned training process and
Trained reflex is tested, reciprocal until fish can move towards stimulus in the case of not throwing in bait and arrive at stimulation with this
Till source.Then by above-mentioned training distance (10 m) elongated (can be 20 m, 30m, 50m, 100m or other distances) such as description
Shown in accompanying drawing 1, again carry out trained reflex training, with this repeatedly, until a certain relatively large distance cannot be made above-mentioned condition by fish
Till reflection.The most i.e. completing fish can be according to trained reflex towards the training of stimulus directed movement.Described stimulus is
Light source and/or sound source, the wavelength of light source is 340 ~ 780 nm, intensity is 100 ~ 800;The frequency of sound source is 50 ~ 1000Hz, intensity
It is 30 ~ 110 dB.
3. place stimulus
Stimulus is placed on fish pass structure import department.
4. target of releasing uses fish
The target trained is released with fish and enters up (or descending) fish pass structure downstream (or upstream), owing to Fish have
The habit of collective motion, now target with fish by the random shoal of fish adding natural water body, the target quantity ratio of fish with the shoal of fish
For 0.01-0.2.When this shoal of fish is sailed against the current (or going downstream) and during close to above-mentioned stimulus, the fish trained in the shoal of fish
Then can experience stimulus and orient due to trained reflex towards stimulus motion.Owing to Fish have cluster and follow habit
Property, now the some or all fishes in the shoal of fish then can follow the fish trained towards stimulus directed movement, i.e. sets towards crossing fish
Execute import directed movement.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect:
1. with artificial near fish pass structure import, manufacture particular water speed compared with (the most only 5 to fish pass structure import
Fish in the range of ~ 10 meters has induced aggregation effect), use above-mentioned condition to train, can in natural water body away from (as distance mistake
Facilities for fish's passage import more than 10 meters) Fish of fish pass structure import carry out induced aggregation.Before enhancement releasing, Fish are carried out this technology
After process, the efficiency that the Fish released of rising in value assemble in fish pass structure import can be improved, improve fish pass structure operational efficiency.
2. the group movement behavior having due to Fish, by trained fish, guides the shoal of fish towards fish pass structure import
Assemble.Natural water body Fish colony can be improved at fish pass structure import collection efficiency, improve fish pass structure operational efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is target fish trained reflex training figure.
Fig. 2 is the target accompanying drawing by fish auxiliary fish collection to fish pass structure import.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of method assisting fish collection to arrive fish pass structure import, comprises the steps:
(1) the fish outward appearance of target selected by is the most substantially damaged, and target is with the rule crossing fish object in fish specification limit and fish pass structure
Lattice scope keeps consistent, i.e. the fingerling of 30cm length controls target 20% that fish amount is river Mesichthyes minimum Closed Population quantity
(i.e. 500 tails/kind × 20%=100 tail/kind);
(2) target is carried out trained reflex training with fish, target is positioned over length at least 100m, width and the degree of depth at least with fish
More than the starting point in the pond of length of fish body more than 2 times, after waiting that fish stablizes 1 min, in distance objective place's throwing with fish 1-10 m
Put bait, and simultaneously bait other produce stimulus (described stimulus is light source and sound source, the wavelength of light source be 500 nm,
Intensity is 600;The frequency of sound source is 800Hz, intensity is 100 dB), when target is moved towards bait and stimulus with fish, picked-up
Bait also arrives at stimulus;Then target fish block is driven to starting point, treats that fish stablizes 1 min, at 10 m again
Produce stimulus but do not throw in bait, when target is moved towards stimulus with fish, and arrive at stimulus;Further target is used fish
Be driven to starting point with block, treat that fish stablizes 1 min, training distance is become 20m, at 20 m again produce stimulus but not
Throw in bait, when target is moved towards stimulus with fish, and arrive at stimulus;The training of other target ranges is completed, i.e. with this
Can complete with fish, target is carried out trained reflex training;
(3) stimulus is placed on fish pass structure import department;
(4) target of releasing uses fish
The target trained is released in natural river with fish, target with fish by the random shoal of fish (mesh adding natural water body
Marking with the quantity ratio of fish with the shoal of fish is 0.1), when this shoal of fish is close to stimulus, (described stimulus is light source or sound source, light source
Wavelength be 500 nm, intensity be 600;The frequency of sound source is 800Hz, intensity is 100 dB), the target trained in the shoal of fish
Then can experience stimulus with fish and orient due to trained reflex towards stimulus motion, with target fish build phase in the shoal of fish
When or bigger and follow the fish trained with the fish that fish is small towards stimulus directed movement, i.e. towards crossing fish with target
Facility import directed movement, can assist fish collection to arrive fish pass structure import.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method assisting fish collection to arrive fish pass structure import, comprises the steps:
(1) the fish outward appearance of target selected by is the most substantially damaged, and target is with the rule crossing fish object in fish specification limit and fish pass structure
Lattice scope keeps consistent, i.e. the fingerling of 30cm length controls target 20% that fish amount is river Mesichthyes minimum Closed Population quantity
(i.e. 500 tails/kind × 20%=100 tail/kind);
(2) target is carried out trained reflex training with fish, target is positioned over length at least 100m, width and the degree of depth at least with fish
More than the starting point in the pond of length of fish body more than 2 times, after waiting that fish stablizes 1 min, in distance objective place's throwing with fish 1-10 m
Put bait, and simultaneously bait other produce stimulus (described stimulus is light source and sound source, the wavelength of light source be 700 nm,
Intensity is 300;The frequency of sound source is 800Hz, intensity is 80 dB), when target is moved towards bait and stimulus with fish, picked-up
Bait also arrives at stimulus;
Then Fish it is driven to starting point with block and does not produce stimulus simultaneously, treating that fish stablizes 1 min, then carry out once
Trained reflex test process: at 10 m again produce stimulus but do not throw in bait, observe fish can in 1-2s rapid court
Bait and stimulus moves and arrives at stimulus.If fish can not move towards stimulus, again carry out above-mentioned training process and
Trained reflex test (i.e. produces stimulus but does not throw in bait), reciprocal until fish can be in the situation not throwing in bait with this
Under move towards stimulus and arrive at stimulus till.Then by above-mentioned training distance change 50m as shown in Figure of description 1, then
Secondary carry out trained reflex training, with this repeatedly, observe fish and can move towards bait and stimulus rapidly in 1-2s and arrive at
Stimulus, until 50m distance is made above-mentioned trained reflex by fish.The most i.e. completing fish can be according to trained reflex towards thorn
The training of stimulus directed movement.Described stimulus is light source and/or sound source, and the wavelength of light source is 700 nm, intensity is 300;
The frequency of sound source is 800Hz, intensity is 80 dB.
(3) stimulus is placed on fish pass structure import department;
(4) target of releasing uses fish
The target trained is released in natural river with fish, target with fish by the random shoal of fish (mesh adding natural water body
Marking with the quantity ratio of fish with the shoal of fish is 0.2), when this shoal of fish is close to stimulus, (described stimulus is light source and sound source, light source
Wavelength be 700 nm, intensity be 300;The frequency of sound source is 800Hz, intensity is 80 dB), the target trained in the shoal of fish
Then can experience with fish stimulus and orient due to trained reflex towards stimulus move, in the shoal of fish 80% wild fish (include with
Target with fish build quite or smaller and with target with the small wild fish of fish) to follow the fish trained fixed towards stimulus
To motion, i.e. towards fish pass structure import directed movement, fish collection can be assisted to arrive fish pass structure import.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method assisting fish collection to arrive fish pass structure import, comprises the steps:
(1) the fish outward appearance of target selected by is the most substantially damaged, and target is with the rule crossing fish object in fish specification limit and fish pass structure
Lattice scope keeps consistent, i.e. the fingerling of 30cm length controls target 20% that fish amount is river Mesichthyes minimum Closed Population quantity
(i.e. 500 tails/kind × 20%=100 tail/kind);
(2) target is carried out trained reflex training with fish, target is positioned over length at least 100m, width and the degree of depth at least with fish
More than the starting point in the pond of length of fish body more than 2 times, after waiting that fish stablizes 1 min, in distance objective place's throwing with fish 1-10 m
Put bait, and simultaneously bait other produce stimulus (described stimulus is light source and sound source, the wavelength of light source be 600 nm,
Intensity is 300;The frequency of sound source is 300Hz, intensity is 60 dB.), when target is moved towards bait and stimulus with fish, picked-up
Bait also arrives at stimulus;
Then Fish it is driven to starting point with block and does not produce stimulus simultaneously, treating that fish stablizes 1 min, then carry out once
Can trained reflex test process: again produce light source at 10 m but do not throw in bait, observe fish and move also towards stimulus
Arrive at stimulus, if can reach, then go out to produce sound source at 10m but do not throw in bait, if fish can not move towards stimulus, then
Secondary carry out above-mentioned training process and trained reflex test (i.e. produce light in a steady stream but do not throw in bait), until fish can be towards sound source
Move and arrive at sound source, carry out the stimulus movement of sound source the most again, intersect reciprocal training with this, until target with fish at 1-2s
In move towards bait and stimulus rapidly and arrives at stimulus, until fish, 60m distance is made above-mentioned trained reflex.This
Time complete fish can be according to trained reflex towards the training of stimulus directed movement.Described stimulus is light source or sound source,
The wavelength of light source is 600 nm, intensity is 300;The frequency of sound source is 300Hz, intensity is 60 dB.
Reciprocal until fish can move towards stimulus in the case of not throwing in bait and arrive at stimulus and be with this
Only.Then, by above-mentioned training distance change 60m as shown in Figure of description 1, again carry out trained reflex training, with this repeatedly, see
Can examine fish
(3) stimulus is placed on fish pass structure import department;
(4) target of releasing uses fish
The target trained is released in natural river with fish, target with fish by the random shoal of fish (mesh adding natural water body
Marking with the quantity ratio of fish with the shoal of fish is 0.2), when this shoal of fish is close to stimulus, (described stimulus is light source and sound source, light source
Wavelength be 600 nm, intensity be 300;The frequency of sound source is 300Hz, intensity is 60 dB), the target trained in the shoal of fish
Then can experience with fish stimulus and orient due to trained reflex towards stimulus move, in the shoal of fish 95% wild fish (include with
Target with fish build quite or bigger and with target with the small wild fish of fish) to follow the fish trained fixed towards stimulus
To motion, i.e. towards fish pass structure import directed movement, fish collection can be assisted to arrive fish pass structure import.
Claims (6)
1. one kind assists the method that fish collection arrives fish pass structure import, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) the fish outward appearance of target selected by is the most substantially damaged, and target is with the rule crossing fish object in fish specification limit and fish pass structure
Lattice scope (10 cm ~ 40 cm) keeps consistent, target 20% that fish amount is river Mesichthyes minimum Closed Population quantity;
(2) target is carried out trained reflex training with fish, target is positioned over length at least 100m, width and the degree of depth at least with fish
More than the one end in the pond of length of fish body more than 2 times, after waiting that fish stablizes 1 min, in distance objective place's input with fish 1-10 m
Bait, and simultaneously at bait other generation stimulus, when target is moved towards bait and stimulus with fish, and picked-up bait also arrives at thorn
Stimulus;Then target it is driven to starting point with fish block and does not produce stimulus simultaneously, treating that fish stablizes 1-2 min, 10
Again produce stimulus at m but do not throw in bait, when target is moved towards stimulus with fish, and arrive at stimulus;Further will
Target is driven to starting point with fish block and does not simultaneously produce stimulus, treats that fish stablizes 1-2 min, training distance is become to
Few 20m, again produces stimulus at least 20m but does not throw in bait, when target is moved towards stimulus with fish, and arrives at thorn
Stimulus;Complete the training of other target ranges with this, can complete with fish, target is carried out trained reflex training;
(3) stimulus is placed on fish pass structure import department;
(4) target of releasing uses fish
The target trained is released in natural river with fish, target with fish by the random shoal of fish adding natural water body, when
When this shoal of fish is close to stimulus, the target trained in the shoal of fish then can experience stimulus with fish and due to trained reflex depending on
Moving to towards stimulus, now the some or all fishes in the shoal of fish follow the fish trained towards stimulus directed movement, i.e.
Towards fish pass structure import directed movement, fish collection can be assisted to arrive fish pass structure import.
2. the auxiliary fish collection described in claim 1 is to the method for fish pass structure import, it is characterised in that described pond
Length at least 100 m, width and the degree of depth are at least above length of fish body more than 2 times.
3. the auxiliary fish collection described in claim 1 is to the method for fish pass structure import, it is characterised in that target fish specification
The specification crossing fish object in scope and fish pass structure is 10 cm ~ 40 cm, target with the quantity of fish amount be 100 tails/kind.
4. the auxiliary fish collection described in claim 1 is to the method for fish pass structure import, it is characterised in that institute in step (2)
The stimulus stated is light source and/or sound source, and the wavelength of light source is 340 ~ 780 nm, intensity is 100 ~ 800;The frequency of sound source is 50
~ 1000Hz, intensity are 30 ~ 110 dB.
5. the auxiliary fish collection described in claim 1 is to the method for fish pass structure import, it is characterised in that mesh in step (4)
Marking with the quantity ratio of fish with the shoal of fish is 0.01 ~ 0.2.
6. the auxiliary fish collection described in claim 1 is to the method for fish pass structure import, it is characterised in that the shoal of fish is used with target
Fish is without species differences.
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101638889A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Step-type fish passage facilities suitable for steep slope of high dam and control method |
CN103190369A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-07-10 | 上海海洋大学 | Sparidae fish domestication method for marine ranching |
KR101555831B1 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-09-30 | 주식회사 자연환경 | A fishway natural form with function reducing the speed of current |
US9217232B2 (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2015-12-22 | Frank L Stromotich | Fish levitation system |
CN105803995A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-07-27 | 水电水利规划设计总院 | Fish luring device |
CN205475129U (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-08-17 | 陈欣 | A two -way attracting device for fishway entrance |
-
2016
- 2016-08-22 CN CN201610699720.0A patent/CN106320254A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101638889A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Step-type fish passage facilities suitable for steep slope of high dam and control method |
CN103190369A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-07-10 | 上海海洋大学 | Sparidae fish domestication method for marine ranching |
US9217232B2 (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2015-12-22 | Frank L Stromotich | Fish levitation system |
KR101555831B1 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-09-30 | 주식회사 자연환경 | A fishway natural form with function reducing the speed of current |
CN205475129U (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-08-17 | 陈欣 | A two -way attracting device for fishway entrance |
CN105803995A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-07-27 | 水电水利规划设计总院 | Fish luring device |
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Application publication date: 20170111 |