CN106318985A - Microbial lipid - Google Patents
Microbial lipid Download PDFInfo
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- CN106318985A CN106318985A CN201610708928.4A CN201610708928A CN106318985A CN 106318985 A CN106318985 A CN 106318985A CN 201610708928 A CN201610708928 A CN 201610708928A CN 106318985 A CN106318985 A CN 106318985A
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- microbial grease
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- grease
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6463—Glycerides obtained from glyceride producing microorganisms, e.g. single cell oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6409—Fatty acids
- C12P7/6427—Polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial lipid containing triglyceride not more than 95%, diglyceride not lower than 3% and phosphorus less than 5ppm. The microbial lipid in the invention includes the beneficial effects of low phosphorus content in lipid and better lipid quality. On the other hand, the lipid contains moderate diglyceride resulting in better emulsifiability. It will improve embedding rate of microbial lipid, reduce surface oil content of microcapsule and enhance its oxidation resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microbial grease.
Background technology
The acquisition pattern of microbial grease is to obtain obtaining a large amount of microorganism by fermentation, then by microorganism fungus kind at present
Carry out pretreatment, obtain microorganism crude oil by organic solvent extraction, precipitation.This microorganism crude oil contain the most micro-
Bio-oil composition, the most can sell being commercially as product.But, the impurity of this microorganism crude oil is relatively
Many, sense organ is the most bad, as a result, it is often necessary to further by its refine, prepare the more preferable microbial grease of quality.Oil and fat refining leads to
Often being divided into the operations such as degumming, alkali refining, decolouring, deodorize, wherein degumming is the basis of whole oil refining process, and Main Function is
Phospholipid (hydrated phospholipid and non-hydratable phospholipid) class material in oil removing fat.Tradition Degumming method is divided into Physical and chemical method, main
If by colloids such as the chemical substances such as consumption substantial amounts of water, acid, alkali, the phospholipid made a return journey in oil removing fat.Its technique is relatively easy,
But easily cause that phospholipid removal effect is poor, oil loss too much, produce the harmful effects such as waste water is many, oil quality is unstable.Enzyme
Method degumming is a kind of Degumming method efficient, economic, free of contamination, and it is the phospholipase utilizing fermentable to extract, and is catalyzed phosphorus
Fat hydrolyzes.With tradition degumming tech compared with, enzymatic degumming technique have dephosphorization effect good, refining loss little, energy consumption is low, produce sewage
Less, yield advantages of higher.The enzymatic degumming technique utilizing phospholipase A is just developed, at that time as far back as 20 middle of century Rohm et al.
Using a kind of phospholipase A2 extracted from Pancreas Sus domestica, the method is referred to as " Enzymax " technique.But owing to the source of phospholipase A2 has
Defect in limit, expensive and performance, enzymatic degumming is applied the most on a large scale.In recent years, along with enzyme system
The innovation of agent technology, phospholipase A activity promote while cost be also greatly reduced, use phospholipase A degumming technique by
Gradually come into one's own, emerge a large amount of patent and research paper.
Patent CN102936533A discloses a kind of method that enzymatic degumming refines silybum marianum seed oil, comprises the following steps:
Silybum marianum seed prepares Herba Silybi mariani crude oil through squeezing or leaching method, utilizes suspended impurity different from the density of oils and fats, the most quiet
Under configuration state, or Herba Silybi mariani crude oil is kept in 50 DEG C of drying baker 1h, make impurity separate with oils and fats, filter, prepare crude oil.Adopt
With phospholipase, Herba Silybi mariani crude oil is carried out degumming process, then carry out deacidification, decolouring, deodorize, obtain refined silybum marianum seed oil.Should
Invention also uses silica gel to carry out decoloration and deodorization process as adsorbent, it is to avoid the high-temperature vacuum decolouring in traditional handicraft and high temperature
Vacuum deodorization processes, and decreases the loss of effective ingredient in silybum marianum seed oil, shortens technological process.
Patent CN101323815 is added the mixing enzyme preparation of 0.01%～0.02% and is prepared into when carrying out enzymatic degumming reaction
To phosphorus content less than the Oleum Brassicae campestris of 5ppm, wherein mixing enzyme preparation by phospholipase A2 and Lecitase Ultra according to 1:1
Volume ratio is formulated.The method is simpler than using single enzyme to carry out the technique of enzymatic degumming, and reduces separating for several times and bring
Oils and fats loss, the investment cost of the equipment of minimizing and later stage energy resource consumption.
But, existing enzymatic degumming technique is all carried out after prepared crude oil.In conjunction with enzyme in fermentation process
Solving the feature of breaking cellular wall and enzymatic degumming technique, the present invention considers to combine, on the one hand Degumming Procedures with microorganism breaking cellular wall operation
Reduce the preparation section of oils and fats, on the other hand improve yield and the quality of oils and fats.Further, phospholipase C is used to have
Effect improves the content of diglyceride in oils and fats, promotes the emulsifiability of oils and fats, is conducive to embedding.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of quality and the excellent microbial grease of emulsifiability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of microbial grease, and the content of triglyceride is not higher than 95%, glycerol
Two ester contents are not less than 3%, and phosphorus content is less than 5ppm.
The microbial grease of the present invention has the advantages that the phosphorus content in oils and fats is low, and the quality of oils and fats is more preferable.Separately
On the one hand, containing appropriate diglyceride in oils and fats, therefore there is preferable emulsifiability, the bag of microbial grease can be improved
Bury rate, reduce the surface oil content of microcapsule, improve the oxidation resistance of microcapsule.
Further, the microbial grease of the present invention is prepared by the following manner: fermentation obtains the micro-raw fermentation liquid of oil-producing；To send out
Ferment liquid concentrates, it is thus achieved that the solid content concentrated broth higher than 10%；The pH value of concentrated broth is regulated 5～8.1 it
Between, in fermentation liquid, then add phospholipase C, control temperature to be stirred between 38 DEG C～51 DEG C, shear 2～6h；Point
From oil phase and aqueous phase, it is thus achieved that the phosphorus content microbial grease less than 5ppm.
Further, in step (1), described oleaginous microorganism include yeast, schizochytrium limacinum, dino flagellate, microsphere algae,
Thraustochytriale, this preparation method range of application ratio embodying the present invention is wide.
Further, in step (3), the one in alkaline protease, chitinase, Snailase or many is added further
Kind.The effect of this class of enzymes is chiefly to facilitate the broken of cell wall, thus improves the productivity of oils and fats.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with instantiation, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Using dino flagellate as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to successively operate:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in docosahexenoic acid;
(2), after being processed by above-mentioned fermentation liquor centrifuge, obtaining solid content is 25.1% concentrated broth；
(3) taking in the glass reaction bottle that this concentrated broth of 500g puts into 1L, regulation pH value, to 8.01, adds 1.01g alkalescence
Protease, temperature control 45 DEG C, shear 2h, add 2.5g phospholipase C, stirring reaction 2h, obtains enzymolysis solution further.
(4) above-mentioned enzymolysis solution is warming up to 97 DEG C, is then centrifuged with the high speed centrifuge of 10000rpm, isolate upper strata oil
Carry out vacuum dehydration mutually, obtain the 41.3g microbial grease rich in docosahexenoic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial grease, phosphorus content is 1.9ppm, and the content of triglyceride is 90.9%, diglyceride
Content be 6.3%.
Embodiment 2
Using microsphere algae as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to successively operate:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in eicosapentaenoic acid;
(2) by after above-mentioned fermentation liquor membrance separation, obtaining solid content is 17.1% concentrated broth；
(3) taking in the glass reaction still that this concentrated broth of 5kg puts into 25L, regulation pH value, to 7.01, adds 5.1g alkalescence egg
White enzyme, 5.1g Snailase, temperature control 51 DEG C, 10g phospholipase C, stirring, cleavage reaction 4h, obtain enzymolysis solution.
(4) in enzymolysis solution, add 10L normal hexane and 5L ethanol extraction 1h, settle to separate and be extracted liquid, will extraction
Liquid carries out vacuum desolvation, obtains the 377.3g microbial grease rich in eicosapentaenoic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial grease, phosphorus content is 1.7ppm, and the content of triglyceride is 92.7%, diglyceride
Content be 5.1%.
Embodiment 3
Using yeast as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to successively operate:
(1) fermentation obtains rich in linolenic microbial fermentation solution;
(2), after above-mentioned fermentation liquor being centrifuged, obtaining solid content is 29.7% concentrated broth；
(3) take this concentrated broth of 51kg and put in 300L reactor, regulation pH value to 5, temperature control 48 DEG C, add 100.5g snail
Cattle enzyme, 127.5g phospholipase C, stirs, shears 2h, obtain enzymolysis solution.
(4) in above-mentioned enzymolysis solution, add 100L normal hexane and 50L ethanol extraction 1.5h, settlement separate be extracted liquid,
Extract is carried out vacuum desolvation, obtains 4179.1g rich in linolenic microbial grease.
(5) after testing, in this microbial grease, phosphorus content is 2.9ppm, and the content of triglyceride is 94.1%, diglyceride
Content be 3.9%.
Embodiment 4
With Thraustochytrium aureum as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to successively operate:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution rich in docosahexenoic acid;
(2) by after above-mentioned fermentation liquor centrifuging treatment, obtaining solid content is 10% concentrated broth；
(3) taking in the reactor that this concentrated broth of 150kg puts into 500L, regulation pH value, to 7.1, adds 300g basic protein
Enzyme, 225.1g chitinase, temperature control 45 DEG C, 150g phospholipase C, stirring reaction 5h, obtain enzymolysis solution.
(4) in above-mentioned enzymolysis solution, add 150L hexane and 100L ethanol, stirring reaction 1.5h, through butterfly centrifugal machine from
The heart, carries out vacuum desolvation by the oil phase obtained, and obtains the 6973.9g microbial grease rich in docosahexenoic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial grease, phosphorus content is 4.9ppm, and the content of triglyceride is 94.7%, diglyceride
Content be 3.1%.
Embodiment 5
With schizochytrium limacinum as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to successively operate:
(1) fermentation obtains rich in docosahexenoic acid and the microbial fermentation solution of clupanodonic acid;
(2) by after above-mentioned fermentation liquor centrifugal treating, obtaining solid content is 25.9% concentrated broth；
(3) taking this concentrated broth of 500kg and put in 1000L reactor, regulation pH value, to 8.1, adds 1000.5 g alkalescence
Protease, 750.3g phospholipase C, temperature control 45 DEG C, stirring reaction 6h, obtain enzymolysis solution.
(4) above-mentioned enzymolysis solution is warming up to 95 DEG C, is then centrifuged through 12000rpm butterfly centrifugal machine, the oil phase obtained is entered
Row vacuum dehydration, obtains 45.9kg rich in docosahexenoic acid and the microbial grease of clupanodonic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial grease, phosphorus content is 2.1ppm, and the content of triglyceride is 92.9%, diglyceride
Content be 5.1%.
In above example, the consumption of phospholipase C is the most, and dephosphorization effect is the best, but production cost is the highest.Inventor
Find after test of many times, under conditions of the mass ratio of phospholipase C and concentrated broth is less than 0.5%, particularly 0.1% to 0.5%
Between time, production efficiency and production cost can be taken into account simultaneously.On the other hand, exist when the mass ratio of phospholipase C Yu concentrated broth
During less than 0.1%, can be prepared by the phosphorus content microbial grease less than 5ppm, but the efficiency now produced is for by bigger shadow
Ring.In this specification embodiment, phospholipase C and the mass ratio of concentrated broth, it is combined with production efficiency and production cost etc.
After many factors, the preferred proportion enumerated.
Claims (10)
1. microbial grease, it is characterised in that: the content of triglyceride is not higher than 95%, and diacylglycerol content is not less than 3%, and phosphorus
Content is less than 5ppm.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that this microbial grease prepares in the following manner:
Fermentation obtains oleaginous microorganism fermentation liquid；
Fermentation liquid is concentrated, it is thus achieved that the solid content concentrated broth higher than 10%；
Concentrated broth pH value step (2) obtained regulates between 5～8.1, then adds appropriate phospholipid in fermentation liquid
Enzyme C, controls temperature to be stirred fermentation liquid between 38 DEG C～51 DEG C and shear；
Separate oil phase and aqueous phase, it is thus achieved that the phosphorus content microbial grease less than 5ppm.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described microbial grease include linolenic acid, two
Ten carbon 5 alkene acids, clupanodonic acid and docosahexenoic acid.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (1), described oleaginous microorganism is slender
Born of the same parents' microorganism.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (1), described oleaginous microorganism is ferment
Mother, schizochytrium limacinum, dino flagellate, microsphere algae, thraustochytriale.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (3), the addition of phospholipase A is with dense
The mass ratio of contracting fermentation liquid preferably not higher than 0.5%, between more preferably 0.1% to 0.5%.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (3), add basic protein further
One or more in enzyme, chitinase, Snailase.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (3), stirring and shear time be 2～
6h。
Microbial grease the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (4), do not use solvent separation oil phase and
Aqueous phase.
Microbial grease the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (4), use solvent separation oil phase and
Aqueous phase.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610708928.4A CN106318985A (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | Microbial lipid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610708928.4A CN106318985A (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | Microbial lipid |
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| CN106318985A true CN106318985A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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| CN201610708928.4A Withdrawn CN106318985A (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | Microbial lipid |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107418982A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-01 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | A kind of low chloropropyl alcohol microbial grease and preparation method thereof |
| CN112500918A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-16 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Solvent-free extraction method of microbial oil and microbial oil obtained by solvent-free extraction method |
| CN112745171A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-04 | 庞进果 | Water-saving moisturizing nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN113684088A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-23 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Microbial oil extraction method and microbial oil obtained by same |
| CN113684087A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-23 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Solvent-free extraction method of microbial oil and microbial oil obtained by solvent-free extraction method |
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| CN102250974A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of microbial oil |
| CN105219812A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-06 | 嘉必优生物工程（武汉）有限公司 | Prepare the method for microbial oil |
| CN105274156A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-27 | 嘉必优生物工程（武汉）有限公司 | Method of preparing microbial oil and microbial oil |
-
2016
- 2016-08-24 CN CN201610708928.4A patent/CN106318985A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102250974A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of microbial oil |
| CN105219812A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-06 | 嘉必优生物工程（武汉）有限公司 | Prepare the method for microbial oil |
| CN105274156A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-27 | 嘉必优生物工程（武汉）有限公司 | Method of preparing microbial oil and microbial oil |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107418982A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-01 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | A kind of low chloropropyl alcohol microbial grease and preparation method thereof |
| CN107418982B (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2020-05-08 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Low-chloropropanol microbial oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113684088A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-23 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Microbial oil extraction method and microbial oil obtained by same |
| CN113684087A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-23 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Solvent-free extraction method of microbial oil and microbial oil obtained by solvent-free extraction method |
| CN113684087B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2024-04-19 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Solvent-free extraction method of microbial oil and obtained microbial oil |
| CN113684088B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2024-06-11 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Microbial oil extraction method and microbial oil obtained by same |
| CN112500918A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-16 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Solvent-free extraction method of microbial oil and microbial oil obtained by solvent-free extraction method |
| CN112500918B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-06-10 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Solvent-free extraction method of microbial oil and microbial oil obtained by solvent-free extraction method |
| CN112745171A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-04 | 庞进果 | Water-saving moisturizing nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
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