CN106318074A - 一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆,该水性漆以水性丙烯酸乳液为基础,在其中添加了一种由静电纺丝工艺制得的多孔耐高温复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维,这种复合纤维将纳米二氧化硅以及二甲基羟基硅油负载于醋酸纤维素上,得到的纳米级纤维在碱性接收介质中经过蚀刻后得到多孔状纤维,这类材料综合了各类原料的优点,其在乳液中的分散性更佳,利用率更高,其在树脂涂层中可形成均匀透气的纳米纤维层,赋予涂层优良的透气性和强度,其耐磨耐擦洗,安全耐热,热韧性佳,在高温环境中不易开裂,其表面具有织物般爽滑的手感,光亮度高,不易粘附污物,更易清洁,贴合木质工艺品的生物质特性,经久耐用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水性漆技术领域,尤其涉及一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆及其制备方法。
背景技术
木质工艺品是以各类木材为原料,经过机器或者手工制作的一类独具风格与观赏价值的工艺品,在国内外市场上都广受欢迎,由于木质工艺品较之常规的木质器具在造型上更为精细,使用时间也更为长久,因此对其表面防护工作有不同的要求,在木器表面喷涂油漆是较为常见的防护手段,其表面所使用的油漆性能将直接关系到工艺品的观赏价值和使用寿命,由于工艺品的特殊性,其所使用的油漆不仅要环保无污染,还要有一定的透湿透气性能,以保证木材不过于干燥,防止变形。目前市场上涌现的水性油漆虽然在环保性上能满足需求,但是其在木质基材上的涂装及防护效果仍有待改进。
纳米纤维因其独特的表面效应、小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应、光学效应等特殊性能在涂料改性领域大有可为,目前见诸报道的主要集中在无机纳米纤维对涂料的改性,而纤维素纳米纤维改性涂料的报道相对较少,纤维素类材料较之无机类材料具有价廉易得、环保无毒等优点,更具备实用价值。《天然纤维微/纳米纤丝改性家具涂料的可行性》一文研究表明天然纤维素纳米纤丝对涂层的耐磨性、耐划伤性、柔韧性等基本性能有很大的改善,然而天然纤维素本身容易在环境因素的影响下发生老化降解,缩短使用寿命,进而影响涂层的防护效果。
醋酸纤维素是一类重要的人造纤维,是纤维素分子中羟基用醋酸酯化后得到的一种化学改性的天然高聚物,其价廉易得,手感爽滑有弹性,具有亲水性,适合作为水性涂料的改性剂,其独特的多孔结构可以有效的提高涂层的透气性,然而单一的醋酸纤维素纳米纤维力学性能较差,为了提高涂料的使用性能,需要做进一步的技术改进。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆,该水性漆由以下重量份的原料制备得到:固含量为40-50%的水性丙烯酸树脂乳液30-40、二甲基羟基硅油0.8-1、纳米二氧化硅2-3、硅烷偶联剂0.1-0.2、醋酸纤维素4-5、去离子水适量、聚氧乙烯烷基醚0.1-0.2、有机硅消泡剂0.1-0.2、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺15-20、丙酮35-45、浓度为0.1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液适量。
所述的一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆的制备方法,所述的制备方法为:
(1)先将纳米二氧化硅经硅烷偶联剂进行表面处理,随后将其与醋酸纤维素、二甲基羟基硅油一起投入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮复合溶液中,搅拌至其完全溶解分散后超声振荡4-5h,所得的混合溶液进行静电纺丝,纺丝条件为:电压15-18KV,接收距离为25-30cm,注射速度为1-1.5ml/h,接收介质为氢氧化钠溶液,接收介质以400-500转/min的速度不停搅拌,注射完毕后产物经水洗离心、干燥后制得复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;
(2)将步骤(1)制备的材料与水性丙烯酸乳液以及其它剩余物料一起混合均匀后调节粘度,经脱泡、过筛后即得。
本发明水性漆以水性丙烯酸乳液为基础,在其中添加了一种由静电纺丝工艺制得的多孔耐高温复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维,这种复合纤维将纳米二氧化硅以及二甲基羟基硅油负载于醋酸纤维素上,得到的纳米级纤维在碱性接收介质中经过蚀刻后得到多孔状纤维,这类材料综合了各类原料的优点,其在乳液中的分散性更佳,利用率更高,其在树脂涂层中可形成均匀透气的纳米纤维层,赋予涂层优良的透气性和强度,其耐磨耐擦洗,安全耐热,热韧性佳,在高温环境中不易开裂,其表面具有织物般爽滑的手感,光亮度高,不易粘附污物,更易清洁,贴合木质工艺品的生物质特性,经久耐用。
具体实施方式
一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆,该水性漆由以下重量份的原料制备得到:固含量为45%的水性丙烯酸树脂乳液30、二甲基羟基硅油0.8、纳米二氧化硅2、硅烷偶联剂0.1、醋酸纤维素4、去离子水适量、聚氧乙烯烷基醚0.1、有机硅消泡剂0.1、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺15、丙酮35、浓度为0.1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液适量。
该实施例水性漆的制备方法为:
(1)先将纳米二氧化硅经硅烷偶联剂进行表面处理,随后将其与醋酸纤维素、二甲基羟基硅油一起投入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮复合溶液中,搅拌至其完全溶解分散后超声振荡4h,所得的混合溶液进行静电纺丝,纺丝条件为:电压15KV,接收距离为25cm,注射速度为1ml/h,接收介质为氢氧化钠溶液,接收介质以400转/min的速度不停搅拌,注射完毕后产物经水洗离心、干燥后制得复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;
(2)将步骤(1)制备的材料与水性丙烯酸乳液以及其它剩余物料一起混合均匀后调节粘度,经脱泡、过200目筛后即得。
制得的水性漆主要性能指标如下:
测试项目 | 技术指标 |
固含量 | 42% |
粘度(涂4杯) | 35 |
硬度 | 3H |
成膜效果 | 好 |
表干时间 | 38min |
涂膜外观 | 平整光滑 |
VOC含量 | 3.5g/L |
柔韧性 | 2级 |
耐水性 | 168h无异常 |
透水性 | 0.35mL |
耐擦洗次数 | ≥4000次 |
耐沾污性 | 10% |
耐沸水(4小时) | 涂层无变化 |
耐磨性(750g/500r) | 0.30g |
上述测试均遵循相关标准进行。
Claims (2)
1.一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆,其特征在于,该水性漆由以下重量份的原料制备得到:固含量为40-50%的水性丙烯酸树脂乳液30-40、二甲基羟基硅油0.8-1、纳米二氧化硅2-3、硅烷偶联剂0.1-0.2、醋酸纤维素4-5、去离子水适量、聚氧乙烯烷基醚0.1-0.2、有机硅消泡剂0.1-0.2、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺15-20、丙酮35-45、浓度为0.1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液适量。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种木质工艺品用含耐高温多孔复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的水性漆的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制备方法为:
(1)先将纳米二氧化硅经硅烷偶联剂进行表面处理,随后将其与醋酸纤维素、二甲基羟基硅油一起投入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮复合溶液中,搅拌至其完全溶解分散后超声振荡4-5h,所得的混合溶液进行静电纺丝,纺丝条件为:电压15-18KV,接收距离为25-30cm,注射速度为1-1.5ml/h,接收介质为氢氧化钠溶液,接收介质以400-500转/min的速度不停搅拌,注射完毕后产物经水洗离心、干燥后制得复合醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;
(2)将步骤(1)制备的材料与水性丙烯酸乳液以及其它剩余物料一起混合均匀后调节粘度,经脱泡、过筛后即得。
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CN115558340A (zh) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-01-03 | 福建省莆田富邦实业有限公司 | 一种透气耐磨的休闲鞋及其制备方法 |
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