CN106311146A - Biological charcoal prepared by countryside heavy-metal-enriched plant biomass and preparation method and application of biological charcoal - Google Patents
Biological charcoal prepared by countryside heavy-metal-enriched plant biomass and preparation method and application of biological charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN106311146A CN106311146A CN201610833638.2A CN201610833638A CN106311146A CN 106311146 A CN106311146 A CN 106311146A CN 201610833638 A CN201610833638 A CN 201610833638A CN 106311146 A CN106311146 A CN 106311146A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
Abstract
The invention relates to biological charcoal prepared by countryside heavy-metal-enriched plant biomass and a preparation method of the biological charcoal. The preparation method includes the steps of A), drying Co-enriched or/and Pb-enriched plant biomass, and crushing; B), mixing the crushed particles with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution of 50-90 DEG C, and activating; C), in carbon dioxide atmosphere, rising the temperature of the activated particles from room temperature to 800-900 DEG C in 150-200 minutes, keeping the temperature for 100-120 minutes, and cooling to room temperature in 150-200 minutes so as to carbonize the biomass; D), drying the carbonized biological charcoal, and dropwise adding sodium borohydride solution for reduction under ice water bath; E), washing until pH is neutral, and drying to obtain activated biological charcoal. The biological charcoal can be used for improving soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charcoal prepared based on rural area heavy metal accumulation plant biomass.
The invention still further relates to the preparation method of above-mentioned charcoal.
The invention still further relates to the application in improvement soil of the above-mentioned charcoal.
Background technology
In the today advocating green technology, heavy metal pollution of soil is carried out green reparation and has seemed the most necessary.As
A kind of cheap green Treatment process phytoremediation is exactly arising at the historic moment and becoming international research under this form
Focus.Over-accumulated plant be often long term growth on the soil that content of beary metal is higher, the shape through continuous biological evolution
Become, or cultivated by genetic engineering or genetic engineering, induction.Therefore they typically have following important
Feature:
(1) internal a certain metallic element concentration is more than certain marginal value.Owing to different elements are in soil and plant
Natural concentration is different, and therefore, plants enriched element type is depended in the determination of marginal value.
(2) the heavy metal major part of plant absorption is distributed in aerial parts, i.e. has higher overground part root concentration rate.Logical
In the case of Chang, the heavy metal concentration in root is often high than the respective element concentration in stem and leaf more than 10 times, but at hyperaccumulative plant
In, the heavy metal concentration in stem and leaf has exceeded the element level in root.
(3) on the soil of heavy metal pollution, this kind of plant can grow well, typically will not occur to poison phenomenon, plant
Normal metabolism is can still provide under high concentration heavy metal existence.
It addition, genetic engineering and genetic engineering are gradually used in this field by many researcheres.Use molecular biology
And technique for gene engineering, by relative hybridization high to hyperaccumulative plant and Biomass, filter out and can absorb, shift and tolerate
Many crops of metal and grass class, defect biology that so can not only overcome wild hyperaccumulative plant self is (individual little, biological
Measure that low, the speed of growth is slow, growth cycle length), and can keep original Hyperaccumulation, phytoremediation will be greatly improved with much money
Belong to the ability of contaminated soil.China is substantially at, by the agricultural land soil of metallic pollution, the state of reparation at present, utilizes ultraproduct to tire out and plants
The excess enrichment of thing, then can be big in economic and technical to remove in contaminated soil the phytoremediation technology of the heavy metal that exceeds standard
Area is implemented, and is a recovery technique the most promising.Hyperaccumulative plant be possible not only to for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal,
Reclaim mine and reclaim rare, the rare earth element in chemistry emission and metal in abandoned mine clitter, and can conserve water and soil, beautiful
Changing environment, hyperaccumulative plant energy excess is enriched with certain or some chemical element simultaneously, also lattice in terms of plant evolution Mechanism Study
The most prominent.Additionally, this type of plant can also be used to find blind ore and archaeology, therefore, hyperaccumulative plant is used to carry out plant
Repair and there is potential value and significance.The plant absorbing plurality of heavy metal is i.e. moved by harvesting after reaching the function of phytoremediation
Removing, the process disposal and the resource problem that how to solve heavy metal accumulation plant biomass are the important directions studied now.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of charcoal prepared based on rural area heavy metal accumulation plant biomass.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned charcoal.
For achieving the above object, the charcoal prepared based on rural area heavy metal accumulation plant biomass that the present invention provides,
Obtained by following method:
A) by enrichment Co or/and the plant biomass of Pb is dried and crushed；
B) granule and the sodium hydrate aqueous solution stirring of 50 DEG C-90 DEG C after crushing activate；
C) the body granule after activation is in carbon dioxide atmosphere, rises to 800-900 DEG C from room temperature in 150-200min, protects
Hold 100-120min, be down to room temperature in 150-200min, by biomass carbonization；
D) charcoal after carbonization is dried, and drips sodium borohydride solution reduction under ice-water bath；
E) being washed to pH is the charcoal that neutral post-drying prepares activation.
In described charcoal, heavy metal accumulation plant biomass is to add ferrous chloride in growing process and gather
Aspartic acid.
In described charcoal, sodium hydroxide solution mass fraction is 5%-20%.
In described charcoal, sodium borohydride solution concentration is 15-20mM.
The method preparing above-mentioned charcoal that the present invention provides:
A) by enrichment Co or/and the plant biomass of Pb is dried and crushed；
B) granule and the sodium hydrate aqueous solution stirring of 50 DEG C-90 DEG C after crushing activate；
C) the body granule after activation is in carbon dioxide atmosphere, rises to 800-900 DEG C from room temperature in 150-200min, protects
Hold 100-120min, be down to room temperature in 150-200min, by biomass carbonization；
D) charcoal after carbonization is dried, and drips sodium borohydride solution reduction under ice-water bath；
E) being washed to pH is the charcoal that neutral post-drying prepares activation.
In described preparation method, heavy metal accumulation plant biomass be in growing process add ferrous chloride and
Poly-aspartic-acid.
In described preparation method, sodium hydroxide solution mass fraction is 5%-20%.
In described preparation method, sodium borohydride solution concentration is 15-20mM.
The present invention uses charcoal prepared by heavy metal accumulation plant biomass, can effectively affect soil moisture and exist
Form, charcoal hole path improves soil moisture flow behavior, can discharge moisture at arid season, regulates soil water-containing
Rate；The charcoal of preparation, at plum rain season, can pin moisture, slows down rainwater to soil erosion, reservation soil Middle nutrition material；
The charcoal of preparation can discharge moisture and nutrient substance in growing process, through root system of plant, improves plant growing
Speed and yield；Charcoal affects the microbial activity in soil.Heavy metal effectively can be latched in life by the charcoal of preparation
In thing Carbon fibe structure, it is to avoid heavy metal element is re-released in environment forming " secondary pollution ".
Detailed description of the invention
The phytoremediation of the present invention is heavy metal in soil safely and effectively repair mode, for weights such as Co or Pb in soil
The pollution of metal, adds ferrous chloride and the poly-aspartic-acid of 5mg/L-50mg/L, will be enriched with Co at growing process
Or the plant biomass of the heavy metal such as Pb is dried to absolutely dry, as required whole plant body is broken into the granule of particle diameter 3-5mm；Broken
Plant granule after broken and mass fraction are that 5%-20% sodium hydrate aqueous solution heated and stirred activates, and heating-up temperature is
50 DEG C-90 DEG C, the response time is 1h；Plant granule after activation is placed in tubular type Muffle furnace, logical in tubular type Muffle furnace
Under conditions of full carbon dioxide, in 200min, rises to 900 DEG C from room temperature 20 DEG C, keeps 900 DEG C of 120min, 200min interior from
900 DEG C are reduced to 20 DEG C, by biomass carbonization；Charcoal after activation is dried, and drips dense in the environment of low temperature (ice-water bath)
Spend and reduce for 20mM sodium borohydride solution；Deionized water wash prepares the charcoal of activation to pH close to neutral post-drying.
The present embodiment uses charcoal prepared by heavy metal accumulation plant biomass, can effectively affect soil moisture and deposit
In form, charcoal hole path improves soil moisture flow behavior, can discharge moisture at arid season, and regulation soil contains
Water rate is stable at 20%-50%；The charcoal of preparation, at plum rain season, can pin moisture, slows down rainwater to soil erosion, guarantor
Stay soil Middle nutrition material；The charcoal of preparation can discharge moisture and nutrient substance in growing process, through plant
Root system, improves plant growth rate 1.5-3.5 times and yield 1.5-3.5 times；Charcoal affects the microbial activity in soil.System
Heavy metal can effectively be latched in charcoal fibre structure by standby charcoal, not only avoids heavy metal element and again discharges
" secondary pollution " is formed in environment.In soil, useful viable bacteria amount promotes 1～2 order of magnitude, reaches 10.0～11.0lg CFU/
g。
Claims (9)
1. the charcoal prepared based on rural area heavy metal accumulation plant biomass, is obtained by following method:
A) by enrichment Co or/and the plant biomass of Pb is dried and crushed；
B) granule and the sodium hydrate aqueous solution stirring of 50 DEG C-90 DEG C after crushing activate；
C) the body granule after activation is in carbon dioxide atmosphere, rises to 800-900 DEG C from room temperature in 150-200min, keeps
Room temperature it is down to, by biomass carbonization in 100-120min, 150-200min；
D) charcoal after carbonization is dried, and drips sodium borohydride solution reduction under ice-water bath；
E) being washed to pH is the charcoal that neutral post-drying prepares activation.
Charcoal the most according to claim 1, wherein, heavy metal accumulation plant biomass is to add in growing process
Add ferrous chloride and poly-aspartic-acid.
Charcoal the most according to claim 1, wherein, sodium hydroxide solution mass fraction is 5%-20%.
Charcoal the most according to claim 1, wherein, sodium borohydride solution concentration is 15-20mM.
5. the preparation method of charcoal described in claim 1:
A) by enrichment Co or/and the plant biomass of Pb is dried and crushed；
B) granule and the sodium hydrate aqueous solution stirring of 50 DEG C-90 DEG C after crushing activate；
C) the body granule after activation is in carbon dioxide atmosphere, rises to 800-900 DEG C from room temperature in 150-200min, keeps
Room temperature it is down to, by biomass carbonization in 100-120min, 150-200min；
D) charcoal after carbonization is dried, and drips sodium borohydride solution reduction under ice-water bath；
E) being washed to pH is the charcoal that neutral post-drying prepares activation.
Preparation method the most according to claim 5, wherein, heavy metal accumulation plant biomass is in growing process
Add ferrous chloride and poly-aspartic-acid.
Preparation method the most according to claim 5, wherein, sodium hydroxide solution mass fraction is 5%-20%.
Preparation method the most according to claim 5, wherein, sodium borohydride solution concentration is 15-20mM.
9. the application in improvement soil of the charcoal described in claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610833638.2A CN106311146A (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2016-09-20 | Biological charcoal prepared by countryside heavy-metal-enriched plant biomass and preparation method and application of biological charcoal |
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| CN201610833638.2A CN106311146A (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2016-09-20 | Biological charcoal prepared by countryside heavy-metal-enriched plant biomass and preparation method and application of biological charcoal |
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| CN201610833638.2A Pending CN106311146A (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2016-09-20 | Biological charcoal prepared by countryside heavy-metal-enriched plant biomass and preparation method and application of biological charcoal |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109604314A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil hyperaccumulative plant body disposal plant and the method for preparing biomass carbon |
| CN109794262A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-24 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method and application preparing catalysis material using Cd-hyperaccumulator |
| CN110449127A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-15 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of charcoal base load iron composite material preparation method and applications |
| CN113368857A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-09-10 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Preparation method of bulk phase intermetallic compound supported catalyst |
| CN113695383A (en) * | 2020-05-23 | 2021-11-26 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Plant restoration device and restoration method for heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN114436253A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-05-06 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for preparing activated carbon by pyrolysis and self-activation of cobalt-containing biomass and application |
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| CN109794262B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-11-30 | 福建农林大学 | Method for preparing photocatalytic material by utilizing cadmium hyper-enrichment plant and application |
| CN110449127A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-15 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of charcoal base load iron composite material preparation method and applications |
| CN110449127B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-04-24 | 湖南科技大学 | Preparation method and application of charcoal-based iron-loaded composite material |
| CN113695383A (en) * | 2020-05-23 | 2021-11-26 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Plant restoration device and restoration method for heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN113368857A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-09-10 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Preparation method of bulk phase intermetallic compound supported catalyst |
| CN113368857B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-08-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Preparation method of bulk phase intermetallic compound supported catalyst |
| CN114436253A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-05-06 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for preparing activated carbon by pyrolysis and self-activation of cobalt-containing biomass and application |
| CN114436253B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2024-01-02 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for preparing activated carbon by pyrolysis and self-activation of cobalt-containing biomass and application of activated carbon |
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