CN106299464B - A kind of column lithium ion battery and its design method - Google Patents
A kind of column lithium ion battery and its design method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
A kind of column lithium ion battery, including battery cell and several fins being attached on battery cell, the fin with a thickness of 0.1~2mm, height is 0.5~4mm, spacing is 1~3mm, the overall volume of battery increases relative to the volume of battery cell less than 3%, and design method comprises steps of determining that the heat production Q for the column lithium ion battery monomer to be optimized0；By heat production Q0As heat source, sunykatuib analysis is carried out to battery cell addition fin, determines the optimum structure of fin；And encapsulate battery cell with the fin of optimum structure, form column lithium ion battery of the invention, battery overall volume is substantially unchanged and the self-radiating of battery is substantially improved, guarantee battery using safe and service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the batteries for being applied to the fields such as electric car, energy storage, electric tool, consumer electronics, especially
It is to be related to a kind of column lithium ion battery and its design method.
Background technique
With growing stronger day by day for electric automobile market scale, lithium ion battery is as a kind of Vehicular battery being widely recognized as
Have many advantages, such as and its important meaning, have have extended cycle life, the high and low self-discharge rate of energy density.It is well known that lithium from
Performance, service life and the safety and battery temperature of sub- battery are closely related, and battery temperature is production when being worked by lithium ion battery
What heat and heat dissipation codetermined.If the heat dissipation performance of lithium ion battery can be promoted rationally, make the heat dissipation and heat production of lithium ion battery
Balance is basically reached, then effectively can avoid heat accumulation that temperature is caused to increase, to extend the cycle life of lithium ion battery, protect
Card safety.However, existing column lithium ion battery is small relative to soft-package battery cooling surface area, self-radiating performance is poor.Cause
This, it is necessary to the heat dissipation law for analysing in depth existing column lithium ion battery designs a kind of novel lithium ion battery structure,
Improve its heat dissipation performance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, providing a kind of good column lithium ion battery of heat dissipation performance and its design method.
A kind of column lithium ion battery, it is described including battery cell and several fins being attached on battery cell
Fin with a thickness of 0.1~2mm, be highly 0.5~4mm, spacing be 1~3mm, the overall volume of battery is relative to battery cell
Volume increase less than 3%.
A kind of design method of column lithium ion battery, comprising the following steps: determine the cylindrical lithium to be optimized from
The heat production Q of sub- battery cell0；By heat production Q0As heat source, sunykatuib analysis is carried out to battery cell addition fin, determines fin
Optimum structure；And battery cell is encapsulated with the fin of optimum structure, form column lithium ion battery of the invention.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention analyzes the heat production of existing column lithium ion battery, and addition fin is simulated
Analysis obtains optimal rib structure, itself dissipating for battery is substantially improved under the premise of guaranteeing that battery overall volume is substantially unconverted
Heat, guarantee battery using safe and service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of column lithium ion battery of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 centre circle II enlarged drawing.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of an embodiment of the design method of column lithium ion battery of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that heat production Q is calculated in method shown in Fig. 30Detail flowchart.
Fig. 5 is 0.04C charging voltage/0.04C discharge voltage/open-circuit voltage Uovc and state-of-charge SOC relationship curve
Figure.
Fig. 6 is the discharge voltage of different multiplying electric discharge and the discharge curve and open-circuit voltage of depth of discharge DOD relationship
The discharge curve of Uovc and depth of discharge DOD relationship.
Fig. 7 is the heat production Q of different multiplying electric discharge0With the discharge curve of depth of discharge DOD relationship.
Fig. 8 is that maximum temperature rise increases with the relational graph and battery volume of fin thickness at the end of different multiplying is discharged.
Fig. 9 is that maximum temperature rise increases with the relational graph and battery volume of fin height at the end of different multiplying is discharged.
Figure 10 is that maximum temperature rise increases with the relational graph and battery volume of fin spacing at the end of different multiplying is discharged.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention is to optimize on the basis of analyzing existing column lithium ion battery to it, adds fin
Reinforce heat dissipation, form column lithium ion battery of the invention, self-radiating is good, and own temperature becomes during charge and discharge
Change very little, guarantees to use safe and service life.In addition, the battery pack being made of column lithium ion battery of the invention, by
In battery itself good heat dissipation, the radiator of battery pack, which can simplify, even to be omitted, and improves the energy density of battery pack entirety,
Reduce the cooling cost of battery pack entirety.Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, column lithium ion battery of the invention is existing
Fin 14 is encapsulated again except the shell 12 of column lithium ion battery monomer (hereinafter referred to as battery cell) 10.Preferably, described
The material high by thermal coefficient of fin 14, it is therefore preferable to metal material, such as copper, aluminium and its alloy.In view of the weight of fin 14
Amount and cost, aluminum or aluminum alloy low with price, light weight are preferred.The surface area of the fin 14 is much larger than battery cell 10
Shell 12 surface area, therefore by setting fin 14, substantially increase the area of heat exchange, allow heat quick
It distributes.
As its name suggests, the shape of column lithium ion battery is cylindrical body, to meet different application demands, existing cylinder
Shape lithium ion battery has sizes and capacity, and different types of column lithium ion has different models.Existing cylinder
Its model of shape lithium ion battery is generally 5 bit digitals, such as 14500,14650,18650,22650,26650,38120,38140,
40152,42120,63219,20700,21700,76306 etc., wherein front two number is the diameter of battery, 3-4 bit digital
For the height of battery, unit is millimeter, if the diameter of the column lithium ion battery of model 21700 is 21mm, is highly
It is 70 millimeters, other and so on, it repeats no more.In the present embodiment, the fin 14 is annular in shape, and ring set is set to battery cell
On 10 shell 12, the inward flange of fin 14 is close to the outer circumference surface of the shell 12 of battery cell 10.Preferably, the fin 14
Axial uniform intervals along battery cell 10 are arranged, and interval is formed between adjacent fin 14 so that the outer surface of fin 14 with
Air forms sufficient heat exchange.Heat production of the battery cell 10 during charge and discharge is conducted by the shell 12 of battery cell 10
It rapidly to external radiation and is finally distributed into air to fin 14, and from fin 14, battery cell 10 is made to maintain low temperature shape
State guarantees that it uses safe and service life.
The heat dissipation that the present invention passes through the setting enhancing battery entirety of fin 14, it is possible to understand that ground, the structure of fin itself, such as
Its size, quantity etc. can influence the heat dissipation effect of fin to a certain extent, and usual fin size more high surface area is bigger, counts
Amount is more, and whole surface area is bigger, and heat exchange effect is better, but the increase of size, quantity can largely make battery
Whole volume and weight increases, therefore the present invention is also to 14 further progress optimization design of fin, as shown in Fig. 2, to fin
14 size, the quantity of thickness T and height H and fin 14 including fin 14, the i.e. space D of fin 14, optimizes and sets
Meter, avoid battery overall volume amplification it is excessive under the premise of guarantee battery entirety heat dissipation.As shown in figure 3, the design
Method the following steps are included:
(1) the heat production Q for the existing column lithium ion battery monomer 10 to be optimized is determined0；
(2) by Q0As heat source, fin 14 is added to battery cell 10 and carries out sunykatuib analysis, determines the optimal knot of fin 14
Structure；And
(3) battery cell 10 is encapsulated with the fin 14 of optimum structure, forms column lithium ion battery of the invention.
Below by taking cylindrical 21700 lithium-ion-power cells of NCM ternary material for optimizing the production of certain company as an example, to this hair
Bright design method is described in further detail:
Firstly, determining the heat production Q for the battery cell 10 to be optimized0, as shown in Figure 4, comprising:
Step S1 determines the rated capacity of battery cell 10；
Step S2 establishes the open-circuit voltage U of battery cell 10OCVWith the quantitative relation formula of state-of-charge SOC；
Step S3 determines the different multiplying discharge curve of battery cell 10；And
Step S4 calculates the heat production Q of battery cell 100。
Wherein, in step S1, it is necessary first to determine charging system and discharge system according to the type of battery cell 10:
It determines charging system and discharge system is the premise for implementing operation to battery cell, can be determined according to these systems
It is how that battery cell is fully charged, how by the electricity of battery cell discharge, measure battery cell rated capacity and residual capacity,
Determine charge cutoff voltage or termination condition, the discharge cut-off voltage or termination condition of battery cell.
Quiescent time, one charge or discharge process of every completion, battery list are contained in charging system and discharge system
Body will just can be carried out static a period of time to be operated in next step.Any variation is not occurring for quiescent time with the voltage of battery cell
Subject to.The charging system and discharge system of battery cell can be provided by the manufacturer of battery cell, can also be according to national standard
To set.
To lithium ion battery, charge and discharge system and discharge system are referred to QC/T744-2006.
Secondly, determining the rated capacity of battery cell 10 according to determining charge and discharge system:
Referring to QC/T744-2006 in the present embodiment, the remaining electricity of battery cell 10 is put with 0.33C constant-current discharge first
It is complete；Battery cell 10 is charged to by charge cutoff voltage with 0.33C constant-current charge later, the average voltage of battery cell 10 reaches
4.2V (ceiling voltage that normal condition lower battery cell can reach)；Followed by with 0.33C constant-current discharge by battery cell 10
It is discharged to discharge cut-off voltage, (normal condition lower battery cell can reach most the average voltage of battery cell 10 to 2.5V
Low-voltage), record released charge value, the as rated capacity of battery cell 10.
In the present embodiment, measured value is 3.3Ah, i.e., the rated capacity of battery cell 10 is 3.3Ah.
For step S2, the present embodiment is operated according to document J Power Sources, 134 (2004) 262-272,
Include:
Step S21 obtains the 0.04C charging curve of battery cell 10: static 2h, the battery cell 10 that step S1 is obtained
With 0.04C constant-current charge 25h (the 0.04C corresponding fully charged time is exactly 25h) or to charge cutoff voltage, battery list is recorded
The charging curve that the charging voltage of body 10 changes with state-of-charge SOC (state of charge), as 0.04C charging is bent in Fig. 5
Shown in line；
Step S22 obtains the 0.04C discharge curve of battery cell 10: after static 2h, battery list that step S21 is obtained
For body 10 with 0.04C constant-current discharge 25h (the 0.04C corresponding time being discharged is exactly 25h) or to discharge cut-off voltage, record is electric
The discharge curve that the discharge voltage of pond monomer 10 changes with state-of-charge SOC, as shown in 0.04C discharge curve in Fig. 5；
Step S23 obtains the open circuit voltage curve of battery cell 10: by the obtained charging curve of step S21 and step S22
Obtained discharge curve addition is averaged, and obtains the open-circuit voltage U of battery cell 10OCVWith state-of-charge SOC or depth of discharge
The open circuit voltage curve of DOD (depth of discharge) variation, such as U in Fig. 5OCVCurve is open-circuit voltage UOCVWith charged
The curve of state SOC variation, U in Fig. 6OCVCurve is then open-circuit voltage UOCVThe curve changed with depth of discharge DOD；And
Step S24, according to open-circuit voltage UOCVWith the relational expression of state-of-charge SOC:
UOCV=K10*SOC9+K9*SOC8+K8*SOC7+K7*SOC6+K6*SOC5+K5*SOC4+K4*SOC3+K3*SOC2+K2*
SOC+K1,
The open-circuit voltage U that step S23 is obtainedOCVIt is substituted into the respective value of state-of-charge SOC, iterative manner is taken to obtain
Unknown parameter K in above-mentioned relation formula1~K10, establish the open-circuit voltage U of battery cell 10OCVWith the quantitative pass of state-of-charge SOC
It is formula, and matched curve is obtained according to this quantitative relation formula, such as the U in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6OCVCurve is exactly to pass through the relationship to be fitted
It arrives.
For step S3, first by battery cell 10 with 0.33C constant-current discharge to discharge cut-off voltage；Static 2h later,
With 2C constant-current charge 0.5h (the 2C corresponding fully charged time is exactly 0.5h) or to charge cutoff voltage, battery cell 10 is recorded
The charging curve that changes with state-of-charge SOC of charging voltage；Followed by after static 2h, by battery cell 10 with 2C constant-current discharge
0.5h (the 2C corresponding time being discharged is exactly 0.5h) or to discharge cut-off voltage, record the discharge voltage of battery cell 10 with
The discharge curve of depth of discharge DOD variation, as shown in 2C discharge curve in Fig. 6.Other rate discharge curves can also be obtained similarly,
Fig. 6 illustrates 1C, 2C, 3C discharge curve.
For step S4, the heat production Q of battery cell 10 is determined0, comprising:
Step S41, determine electric discharge when can not backheating qirre: the open-circuit voltage U obtained according to step S2OCVWith charged shape
The discharge curve for the different multiplying that the quantitative relation formula and step S3 of state SOC obtain, when calculating electric discharge can not backheating
qirre, can not backheating qirreCalculating formula are as follows: qirre=I (UOCV-Vt), wherein I is the operating current of battery cell, VtFor battery list
The operating voltage of body is measured value, VtIn t indicate discharge time；
Step S42, determine electric discharge when can backheating qrev: the open-circuit voltage U obtained according to step S2OCVAnd state-of-charge
The quantitative relation formula of SOC, calculate different multiplying electric discharge when can backheating qrev, can backheating qrevCalculating formula are as follows:Wherein, I is the operating current of battery cell, and it is measured value that T, which is the temperature of battery cell,；And
Step S43, according at the identical section state-of-charge SOC step S41 obtain can not backheating qirreAnd step
What S42 was obtained can backheating qrev, it is to obtain heat production Q when battery cell 10 discharges that the two, which is added,0, it may be assumed that Q0=qrev+qirre.When examining
SOC is considered to backheating and formula can not being deformed to the charged shape that be fitted under different multiplying electric discharge after the influence of backheating
The heat production Q of state SOC and battery cell 100Relationship: Q0=qrev(SOC)+qirre(SOC), as shown in Figure 7.
In the heat production Q for determining battery cell 100It later, can be by Q0As heat source, to battery cell 10 add fin 14 into
Row simulation analysis of heat transmission, determines the optimum structure of fin 14.This process is usually in finite element analysis software, such as COMSOL
It is carried out in Multiphysics.Establish the thermal model of battery cell 10 in software first；Later according to the class of battery cell 10
The fin 14 that type tentatively selectes certain degree structure is added on battery cell 10；Later respectively to the thickness T of fin 14, height H, with
And space D carries out simulation analysis of heat transmission in a certain range, determines the optimum structure of fin 14.Thermal boundary condition in above procedure
Natural cooling is simulated, coefficient of heat transfer is 5 (W/m2*K).It is general to require that fin is being added for balance heat dissipation effect and battery volume
The case where fin 14 are relatively free of after 14, temperature reduces by 30%, and volume increases less than 3%.
In the present embodiment, according to the model of exemplary battery cell 10, the thickness T range of fin 14 is 0.1~2mm, high
Degree H range is 0.5~4mm, and space D range is 1~3mm.The setting relative narrower of thickness T range, mainly due to fin 14
Thickness T its heat exchange area is influenced less, therefore can be thinner on the basis of facilitating molding.Height H range is set
Set relatively most wide, mainly since height H can most influence its heat exchange area, range can be larger, but consider body
The factors such as product also cannot be too big.14 space D of fin is bigger, then 14 quantity of fin is fewer, otherwise 14 quantity of fin is bigger, although rib
The increase of 14 quantity of piece can increase surface area, but be arranged it is overstocked be unfavorable for heat radiation, in addition also need to consider volume and processing
Etc. factors, the setting of fin 14 cannot be overstocked.In the present embodiment, first optimize the thickness T of fin 14, then optimizes the height of fin 14
H is spent, the space D of fin 14 is finally optimized.It is to be appreciated that 14 thickness T of fin, height H, space D optimization sequence can be with
Any adjustment, is not limited to this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, initially based on 14 space D of fin is 2mm, height H is 1mm, simulation 14 thickness T of fin exists
In the case of 0.1~2mm, battery is discharged to the temperature change of discharge cut-off voltage and the overall volume of battery with different multiplying
With the variation of 14 thickness T of fin, as shown in figure 8, the selected thickness T for selecting fin 14 is 0.3mm through simulating.Later, by rib
14 thickness T of piece is adjusted to 0.3mm (i.e. selected thickness), and keeping 14 space D of fin is that 2mm is constant, and the height H of simulation fin 14 exists
In the case of 0.5~4mm, battery is discharged to the temperature change of discharge cut-off voltage and the overall volume of battery with different multiplying
With the variation of 14 height H of fin, as shown in figure 9, the selected height H for selecting fin 14 is 1mm through simulating.Followed by, by rib
14 height H of piece is adjusted to 1mm (i.e. selected height), and 14 thickness T of fin is kept 0.3mm (i.e. selected thickness), between simulation fin 14
Away from D in 1~3mm, battery is discharged to the temperature change of discharge cut-off voltage and the whole body of battery with different multiplying
Product is simulated as shown in Figure 10 with the variation of 14 space D of fin, and the selected space D for selecting fin 14 is 2mm, so to obtain the final product
To the optimum structure of fin 14.
Finally, encapsulating battery cell 10 with the fin 14 of above-mentioned optimum structure, that is, form column lithium ion of the invention
Battery, good heat dissipation, volume are substantially unchanged.It should be noted that the invention is not limited to above embodiment, according to this hair
Bright creative spirit, those skilled in the art can also make other variations, what these creative spirit according to the present invention were done
Variation, all should be comprising within scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of design method of column lithium ion battery, comprising the following steps:
Determine the heat production Q for the column lithium ion battery monomer to be optimized0；
By heat production Q0As heat source, sunykatuib analysis is carried out to battery cell addition fin, determines the optimum structure of fin, the rib
Piece in a ring, is located on the axial uniform intervals setting on the shell of battery cell and along battery cell；And
Battery cell is encapsulated with the fin of optimum structure, forms column lithium ion battery；
Carrying out sunykatuib analysis to battery cell addition fin is the thermal model that battery cell is established in finite element analysis software, will
Heat production Q0As heat source, the thickness of fin, height, spacing are simulated in a certain range, battery cell is discharged to different multiplying
The variation of the overall volume of the temperature change and battery of discharge cut-off voltage is chosen temperature change and is dropped relative to no fin
Low 30% and volume increase fin thickness less than 3%, height, spacing；
It is described by heat production Q0As heat source, sunykatuib analysis is carried out to battery cell addition fin, determines the step of the optimum structure of fin
Suddenly include:
Based on being initially 2mm, be highly 1mm by fin spacing, fin thickness is simulated in 0.1~2mm, battery is not with
Same multiplying be discharged to discharge cut-off voltage temperature change and battery overall volume with fin thickness variation, through simulating
The selected thickness of fin is selected, it is described selected with a thickness of 0.1~2mm；
Later, fin thickness is adjusted to selected thickness, keeping fin spacing is that 2mm is constant, simulate the height of fin 0.5~
In the case of 4mm, battery is discharged to the temperature change of discharge cut-off voltage and the overall volume of battery with fin with different multiplying
The variation of height, the selected height of fin is selected through simulating, and the selected height is 0.5~4mm；
Followed by, fin height is adjusted to selected height, fin thickness remains selected thickness, simulation fin spacing 1~
In the case of 3mm, battery is discharged to the temperature change of discharge cut-off voltage and the overall volume of battery with fin with different multiplying
The variation of spacing, the selected spacing of fin is chosen through simulation, and the selected spacing is 1~3mm；So obtain the optimal of fin
Structure.
2. the design method of column lithium ion battery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that determine the circle to be optimized
The heat production Q of cylindricality lithium-ion battery monomer0The following steps are included:
Step S1 determines the rated capacity of battery cell；
Step S2 establishes the open-circuit voltage U of battery cellOCVWith the quantitative relation formula of state-of-charge SOC；
Step S3 determines the different multiplying discharge curve of battery cell；And
Step S4 calculates the heat production Q of battery cell0。
3. the design method of column lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that step S1 includes following step
It is rapid:
The remaining electricity of battery cell is discharged with 0.33C constant-current discharge；
Battery cell is charged into charge cutoff voltage with 0.33C constant-current charge, the average voltage of battery cell reaches 4.2V；With
And
Battery cell is discharged to discharge cut-off voltage with 0.33C constant-current discharge, the average voltage of battery cell is recorded to 2.5V
The charge value released, the as rated capacity of battery cell.
4. the design method of column lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that step S2 includes following step
It is rapid:
Step S21, static 2h, the battery cell that step S1 is obtained with 0.04C constant-current charge 25h or to charge cutoff voltage,
Obtain the 0.04C charging curve that the charging voltage of battery cell changes with state-of-charge SOC；
Step S22, static 2h, the battery cell that step S21 is obtained with 0.04C constant-current discharge 25h or to discharge cut-off voltage,
Obtain the 0.04C discharge curve that the discharge voltage of battery cell changes with state-of-charge SOC；
The charging curve that step S21 is obtained is added with the obtained discharge curve of step S22 and is averaged, obtains electricity by step S23
The open-circuit voltage U of pond monomerOCVThe open circuit voltage curve changed with state-of-charge SOC；And
Step S24, according to open-circuit voltage UOCVWith the relational expression of state-of-charge SOC: UOCV=K10*SOC9+K9*SOC8+K8*SOC7+
K7*SOC6+K6*SOC5+K5*SOC4+K4*SOC3+K3*SOC2+K2*SOC+K1, open-circuit voltage U that step S23 is obtainedOCVWith lotus
The respective value of electricity condition SOC substitutes into, and iterative manner is taken to obtain the unknown parameter K in above-mentioned relation formula1~K10, establish battery list
The open-circuit voltage U of bodyOCVWith the quantitative relation formula of state-of-charge SOC.
5. the design method of column lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that determined wherein in step S3
Any rate discharge curves the following steps are included:
By battery cell with 0.33C constant-current discharge to discharge cut-off voltage；
Static 2h, by battery cell with any multiplying power constant-current charge to charge cutoff voltage；And
Static 2h records the electric discharge of battery cell by battery cell with any multiplying power constant-current discharge to discharge cut-off voltage
The discharge curve that voltage changes with depth of discharge DOD.
6. the design method of column lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that battery cell in step S4
Heat production Q0According to formula Q0=qrev+qirreIt obtains, in which: qirreFor electric discharge when can not backheating, according to step S2 obtain
Open-circuit voltage UOCVThe discharge curve of the different multiplying obtained with the quantitative relation formula and step S3 of state-of-charge SOC calculates
qirre=I (UOCV-Vt), wherein I is the operating current of battery cell, VtFor the operating voltage of battery cell, VtIn t indicate
Discharge time；qrevFor electric discharge when can backheating, according to step S2 obtain open-circuit voltage UOCVWith the quantitative pass of state-of-charge SOC
It is formula, calculatesWherein, I is the operating current of battery cell, and T is the temperature of battery cell.
7. a kind of column lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that the column lithium ion battery is using as described in claim 1
The design method of column lithium ion battery formed, the column lithium ion battery includes battery cell and is attached at electricity
Several fins on the monomer of pond, the fin with a thickness of 0.1~2mm, be highly 0.5~4mm, spacing be 1~3mm, battery
Overall volume relative to battery cell volume increase less than 3%；The fin in a ring, is located on the shell of battery cell
Above and along the axial uniform intervals of battery cell it is arranged.
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