CN106299280B - Preparation method of high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry Download PDF

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CN106299280B
CN106299280B CN201610783917.2A CN201610783917A CN106299280B CN 106299280 B CN106299280 B CN 106299280B CN 201610783917 A CN201610783917 A CN 201610783917A CN 106299280 B CN106299280 B CN 106299280B
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CN106299280A (en
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王云辉
崔润东
康婷婷
庞可可
孙敬
秦亚伟
孙青山
马佰瑞
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China Aviation Lithium Battery Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry, which comprises the following steps: 1) firstly, drying each component; 2) after drying, mixing and dispersing polyvinylidene fluoride and N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a proportion to obtain a glue solution A; 3) adding Super-p and KS-6 into the dispersed glue solution A, uniformly stirring, grinding and treating mixed slurry, and then filtering to obtain slurry B; 4) adding the lithium iron phosphate material into the 60-70% slurry B twice, and stirring to obtain a slurry C; 5) and after stirring, adding the residual slurry B and the N-methyl pyrrolidone in the total amount into the solution, and stirring to obtain the final slurry. The slurry has good dispersibility of all substances, the preparation process is simple, the preparation of the conductive glue solution and the slurry mixing process can be carried out simultaneously, and the efficiency is improved; the obtained battery has high energy density, good safety performance and low internal resistance, and is beneficial to the exertion of the maximum gram capacity of the lithium ion battery.

Description

Preparation method of high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry, belonging to the technical field of lithium ion batteries.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, good rate capability and safety performance, environmental protection and is a main energy product at present. Particularly, the lithium ion battery made of the lithium iron phosphate anode material has better cycle life, rate capability and safety performance, and is widely applied to the power fields of electric automobiles, large-scale energy storage, electric tools and the like according to the unique advantages.
The working principle of the lithium ion battery is based on electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation reaction, lithium ions can be intercalated or deintercalated from a space provided by an electrode material under the driving of voltage drop formed by two poles, the lithium ions move directionally between a positive pole and a negative pole in the charging and discharging process, and the reaction has good reversibility because the intercalation and deintercalation do not cause the change of a lattice structure of the electrode material, so that the lithium ion battery has high cycle life which is not possessed by a high-energy-density rechargeable battery. The positive electrode of the lithium ion battery is used as an important component of the lithium ion battery, the positive electrode has great influence on the performance of the lithium ion battery, and the preparation of the positive electrode slurry of the lithium ion battery directly influences the comprehensive performance of the lithium ion battery. At present, two problems exist in the process of preparing the slurry by using the commonly used anode slurry preparation technology: firstly, the mixing time is long, the labor and the time are wasted, and the production efficiency of the battery is seriously influenced; secondly, the mixing and stirring are not uniform due to the limitation of equipment and process, and the conductive agent agglomeration phenomenon exists in the slurry. The uneven stirring of the conductive agent in the lithium ion battery anode slurry can cause poor cycle performance of a single-component electrode with low conductive agent content, thereby not only affecting the service life and cycle life of the lithium ion battery, but also seriously affecting the safety performance of the battery. Therefore, a reasonable pulping method is found, so that the lithium iron phosphate anode slurry can achieve good dispersion, the slurry has good processing performance, the comprehensive performance of the lithium ion battery can be certainly improved, and the development of the lithium ion battery is promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry, which can effectively solve the problem that a mixed conductive agent is difficult to disperse.
In order to realize the purpose, the preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry adopts the technical scheme that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) lithium iron phosphate according to the mass ratio: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: weighing raw material substances according to the weight ratio of N-methylpyrrolidone (92-94: 2.8-4.0: 1.5-2.5: 1.0-1.5: 69.5-81.8), and drying lithium iron phosphate, a conductive agent Super-p, a conductive agent KS-6 and polyvinylidene fluoride;
2) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in N-methyl pyrrolidone with the weight 12-19 times of the polyvinylidene fluoride, and stirring and dispersing to obtain a glue solution A;
3) adding conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 into the glue solution A, uniformly stirring, grinding the mixed slurry, and filtering to obtain slurry B;
4) mixing 60-70% of the slurry B with an active material lithium iron phosphate, specifically, adding the active material lithium iron phosphate into the slurry B twice, adding 60-65% of the total amount of the lithium iron phosphate for the first time, adding the rest lithium iron phosphate for the second time, and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry C;
5) and adding the residual slurry B and the residual N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry C, uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry D, then taking the N-methyl pyrrolidone for viscosity adjustment, grinding, filtering and defoaming in vacuum to obtain the nano-composite material.
In the actual production process, the preparation of the conductive adhesive and the final slurry are separately and synchronously carried out, so that the production efficiency of the anode slurry can be effectively improved.
Super-p and KS-6 are used as conductive agents in the positive electrode slurry, wherein the Super-p has the characteristics of small particle size and large specific surface area, so that the Super-p is not easy to disperse; KS-6 is micron-sized conductive graphite which is easy to disperse, and the two types of conductive graphite are mixed for use, so that the lithium iron phosphate particles are conducted point to point, and the conductive effect is ensured.
Before the preparation of the slurry, the components are dried in a nitrogen atmosphere, so that the raw materials are prevented from being mixed with water due to moisture absorption of various reasons, and the consistency of the raw materials is ensured; in the step 1), before the slurry is prepared, drying is carried out on all the components under a vacuum condition, wherein in the drying process, the drying temperature of lithium iron phosphate, Super-p and KS-6 is 110-120 ℃, and the drying time is 3-4 h; the polyvinylidene fluoride drying temperature is 75-85 ℃, the drying time is 5-7 h, the vacuum degree is-0.08 to-0.09 MPa, and after the drying is finished, the temperature is naturally reduced to be below 40 ℃ for later use.
Stirring and dispersing in the glue making machine in the step 2), wherein the stirring revolution speed is 18-22 rpm, the dispersing speed is 1000-1200 rpm, the stirring time is 1.5-2.5 h, the vacuum degree is-0.08-0.09 MPa, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-40 ℃.
After the conductive agent is added in the step 3), the stirring revolution speed is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 1400-1600 rpm, the stirring time is 1.5-2.5 h, the vacuum degree is-0.08-0.09 MPa, and the slurry temperature is controlled at 20-40 ℃.
And (3) treating the conductive adhesive by using a grinder, so that the dispersion effect of the conductive agent can be effectively improved, wherein the grinding treatment process in the step 3) is carried out in the grinder, the feeding speed is 80-100 rpm, the speed of the grinder is 500-800 rpm, the conductive adhesive liquid is filtered by using a secondary filtering system after grinding, and the size of the filtering hole of the filter element is 100-150 meshes.
According to the invention, the active material lithium iron phosphate is added twice, and after the active material lithium iron phosphate is added for the first time, the mixing of the glue solution and the lithium iron phosphate is facilitated, and the solid content and the viscosity of the slurry are improved; after the second addition, the slurry has high viscosity and large friction force between particles, and is favorable for redispersion of the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate. Adding the lithium iron phosphate twice in the step 4), wherein the stirring revolution speed of the first lithium iron phosphate adding is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 500-800 rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; and adding the lithium iron phosphate for the second time, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 1000-1200 rpm, the stirring time is 1.0-1.5 h, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃.
After the addition of the slurry B and the N-methyl pyrrolidone in the step 5) is finished, the revolution speed of stirring is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 1400-1600 rpm, the stirring time is 2.0-2.5 h, the vacuum degree is-0.08-0.09 MPa, and the slurry temperature is controlled at 20-50 ℃.
The viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry needs to be measured every time the viscosity is adjusted in the step 5), and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-30 ℃; the revolution speed is 8-12 rpm, the dispersion speed is 500-800 rpm, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, the stirring time is 0.5-1 h, and the vacuum degree is-0.08-0.09 MPa until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 55-59%.
And 5) when the slurry is ground, the feeding speed of the grinding machine is 80-100 rpm, the speed of the grinding machine is 500-800 rpm, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the grinding process, and the grinding time is 2.0-3.0 h.
The step 5) adopts a three-stage filtration mode during filtration, the size of the filtration pores of the used filter element is 100-150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the mesh size of the filter element; and after filtering, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the slurry at a vacuum degree of-0.09 to-0.1 MPa for 0.5 to 1 hour under the low-speed stirring state and at a stirring rotating speed of 12 to 15 rpm.
The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry can reduce the agglomeration of the conductive agent in the slurry, improve the dispersion effect of the anode slurry and the processing performance of the polar plate, and can synchronously carry out the combination of the conductive adhesive and the preparation of the final slurry in the preparation process, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency of the electrode slurry. The positive electrode slurry of the lithium ion battery prepared by the preparation method has good dispersibility of all components after being coated on a current collector, ensures the consistency of electrochemical performances among single batteries and is beneficial to the exertion of the multiplying power performance of the battery; the lithium ion battery prepared by the slurry has low internal resistance, good safety performance and high energy density.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of the lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry prepared in example 1 coated on a current collector;
fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry prepared in comparative example 1 coated on a current collector;
fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the lithium ion battery cathode slurry prepared in comparative example 2 coated on a current collector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In the preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry, the components are as follows: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: the preparation method comprises the following steps of weighing N-methylpyrrolidone (93: 3.5:2:1.5: 72.4) in a mass ratio, wherein the stirring equipment in the following steps is a double-planet vacuum stirrer, and the slurry temperature is controlled by introducing constant-temperature circulating water into the wall of a stirring barrel:
1) before the slurry is prepared, firstly, baking lithium iron phosphate, conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 for 3 hours at 115 ℃ under a vacuum condition, baking polyvinylidene fluoride for 5 hours at 85 ℃ under the vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and naturally cooling to below 40 ℃ for later use after baking is finished;
2) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in N-methyl pyrrolidone 12 times of the weight of polyvinylidene fluoride, stirring and dispersing in a glue making machine for 2 hours under the vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, the stirring revolution speed is 20rpm, the dispersion speed is 1000rpm, and the temperature of slurry is controlled to be 20-40 ℃ in the preparation process of the glue solution to obtain a glue solution A;
3) adding conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 into the glue solution A, starting stirring, controlling the revolution speed of stirring to be 26rpm, the dispersion speed to be 1600rpm, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-40 ℃, stirring for 1.5h, and controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.08 MPa; after stirring, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 100rpm, the speed of the grinder is 800rpm, filtering the mixed solution by using a secondary filtering system after grinding, the filter cores are respectively 100 meshes and 120 meshes, filtering to obtain uniformly dispersed slurry B, and controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-40 ℃;
4) adding 60% of slurry B into a slurry mixing kettle, and then adding active material lithium iron phosphate twice, wherein the adding amount of the lithium iron phosphate for the first time is 65%, the revolution speed is 22rpm, the dispersion speed is 500rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5 h; adding the rest lithium iron phosphate for the second time, wherein the revolution speed is 25rpm, the dispersion speed is 1000rpm, the stirring time is 1h, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ during stirring, and the slurry C is obtained after stirring;
5) adding the residual slurry B and N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry C, starting stirring, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 26rpm, the dispersion speed is 1600rpm, the stirring time is 2.5h, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the stirring process, and the slurry D is obtained after stirring;
6) after stirring, when the temperature of the slurry D is cooled to 25 ℃, testing the viscosity of the slurry, adjusting the viscosity of N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a test result, adding the slurry, and then, controlling the temperature of the slurry within the range of 20-30 ℃, the stirring time to be 0.5h, the vacuum degree to be-0.08 MPa, wherein the viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry needs to be measured when the viscosity is adjusted once until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 58%;
7) after the viscosity is adjusted, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 80rpm, the speed of the grinder is 500rpm, the grinding time is 2 hours, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the grinding process; after grinding, filtering the slurry by using a three-stage filtering system, wherein the sizes of filtering holes of the used filter elements are respectively 100 meshes, 120 meshes and 150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the number of the filter elements; and after filtering, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the slurry under a low-speed stirring state, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.09 MPa, the low-speed stirring speed is 12rpm, and the time is 0.5h, so as to obtain the final anode slurry.
Coating the positive electrode slurry prepared in the embodiment on a current collector, rolling and die-cutting an electrode sheet roll to prepare a corresponding positive electrode sheet, then preparing a negative electrode sheet by taking graphite as a negative electrode material, and using LiPF in electrolyte6The concentration of the lithium ion battery is 1.15mol/L, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent is EC: EMC: DMC: 3:2, the used diaphragm is 20+4 μm, a single surface is coated with a ceramic diaphragm, the assembly is carried out according to the method in the prior art, a 75Ah lithium ion battery is prepared, and the corresponding lithium ion battery A1 is prepared after the activation.
Example 2
In the preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry, the components are as follows: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: weighing N-methylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 92:4:2.5:1.5:69.5, and preparing the following steps:
1) before the slurry is prepared, firstly, baking lithium iron phosphate, conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 for 3.3 hours at 120 ℃ under a vacuum condition, baking polyvinylidene fluoride for 5.8 hours at 81 ℃ under the vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.083 MPa, and naturally cooling to below 40 ℃ after baking is finished for later use;
2) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in N-methyl pyrrolidone 16 times of the weight of polyvinylidene fluoride, stirring and dispersing in a glue making machine for 1.5h under the vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.083 MPa, the stirring revolution speed is 22rpm, the dispersion speed is 1100rpm, and in the preparation process of glue solution, the temperature of slurry is controlled to be 20-40 ℃ to obtain glue solution A;
3) adding conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 into the glue solution A, starting stirring, controlling the revolution speed of stirring to be 24rpm, the dispersion speed to be 1500rpm, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-40 ℃, stirring for 1.8h, and controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.083 MPa; after stirring, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 95rpm, the speed of the grinder is 700rpm, filtering the mixed solution by using a secondary filtering system after grinding, the filter cores are respectively 100 meshes and 120 meshes, filtering to obtain uniformly dispersed slurry B, and controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-40 ℃;
4) adding 63% of the slurry B into a slurry mixing kettle, and then adding an active material lithium iron phosphate twice, wherein 63% of the total adding amount of the lithium iron phosphate is added for the first time, the revolution speed is 23rpm, the dispersion speed is 600rpm, and the stirring time is 0.7 h; adding the rest lithium iron phosphate for the second time, wherein the revolution speed is 26rpm, the dispersion speed is 1100rpm, the stirring time is 1.2h, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ during stirring, and the slurry C is obtained after stirring;
5) adding the residual slurry B and N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry C, starting stirring, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 24rpm, the dispersion speed is 1550rpm, the stirring time is 2.4h, the vacuum degree is-0.083 MPa, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-50 ℃ in the stirring process, and obtaining slurry D after the stirring is finished;
6) after stirring is finished, when the temperature of the slurry D is cooled to 20 ℃, testing the viscosity of the slurry, adjusting the viscosity of N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a test result, adding the slurry, controlling the temperature of the slurry within the range of 20-30 ℃, stirring for 0.7h and the vacuum degree of-0.083 MPa, and determining the viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry when the viscosity is adjusted once until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 59%;
7) after the viscosity is adjusted, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 88rpm, the speed of the grinder is 600rpm, the grinding time is 2.8h, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the grinding process; after grinding, filtering the slurry by using a three-stage filtering system, wherein the sizes of filtering holes of the used filter elements are respectively 100 meshes, 120 meshes and 150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the number of the filter elements; and after filtering, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the slurry under a low-speed stirring state, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.094 MPa, the low-speed stirring speed is 13rpm, and the time is 0.7h, so as to obtain the final anode slurry.
Coating the positive electrode slurry prepared in the embodiment on a current collector, rolling and die-cutting an electrode sheet roll to prepare a corresponding positive electrode sheet, then preparing a negative electrode sheet by taking graphite as a negative electrode material, and using LiPF in electrolyte6The concentration of the lithium ion battery is 1.15mol/L, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent is EC: EMC: DMC: 3:2, the used diaphragm is 20+4 μm, a single surface is coated with a ceramic diaphragm, the assembly is carried out according to the method in the prior art, a 75Ah lithium ion battery is prepared, and the corresponding lithium ion battery A2 is prepared after the activation.
Example 3
In the preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry, the components are as follows: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: the preparation method comprises the following steps of weighing N-methylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 94:3.5:1.5:1:78.6, wherein the stirring equipment in the following steps is a double-planet vacuum stirrer, and the slurry temperature is controlled by introducing constant-temperature circulating water into the wall of a stirring barrel:
1) before the slurry is prepared, firstly baking lithium iron phosphate, conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 for 3.7 hours at 110 ℃ under a vacuum condition, baking polyvinylidene fluoride for 6.3 hours at 78 ℃ under the vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.087 MPa, and naturally cooling to below 40 ℃ for later use after baking is finished;
2) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in N-methyl pyrrolidone 18 times of the weight of polyvinylidene fluoride, stirring and dispersing in a glue making machine under a vacuum condition for 1.8h, controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.087 MPa, the stirring revolution speed to be 18rpm, the dispersion speed to be 1150rpm, and controlling the temperature of slurry to be 20-40 ℃ in the preparation process of glue solution to obtain glue solution A;
3) adding conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 into the glue solution A, starting stirring, controlling the revolution speed of stirring to be 23rpm, the dispersion speed to be 1550rpm, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-40 ℃, stirring for 2h, and controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.087 MPa; after stirring, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 90rpm, the speed of the grinder is 600rpm, filtering the mixed solution by using a secondary filtering system after grinding, the filter cores are respectively 100 meshes and 120 meshes, filtering to obtain uniformly dispersed slurry B, and controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-40 ℃;
4) adding 68% of slurry B into a slurry mixing kettle, and then adding active material lithium iron phosphate twice, wherein the first addition is 62% of the total addition of the lithium iron phosphate, the revolution speed is 25rpm, the dispersion speed is 700rpm, and the stirring time is 0.8 h; adding the rest lithium iron phosphate for the second time, wherein the revolution speed is 22rpm, the dispersion speed is 1150rpm, the stirring time is 1.4h, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ during stirring, and the slurry C is obtained after stirring;
5) adding the residual slurry B and N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry C, starting stirring, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 23rpm, the dispersion speed is 1500rpm, the stirring time is 2.2h, the vacuum degree is-0.0857 MPa, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-50 ℃ in the stirring process, and obtaining slurry D after stirring;
6) after stirring is finished, when the temperature of the slurry D is cooled to 30 ℃, testing the viscosity of the slurry, adjusting the viscosity of N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a test result, adding the slurry, and then stirring at a revolution speed of 10rpm and a dispersion speed of 500rpm, controlling the temperature of the slurry within the range of 20-30 ℃ during stirring, wherein the stirring time is 0.8h, the vacuum degree is-0.087 MPa, and the viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry needs to be measured every time the viscosity is adjusted until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 56%;
7) after the viscosity is adjusted, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 93rpm, the speed of the grinder is 700rpm, the grinding time is 2.3h, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the grinding process; after grinding, filtering the slurry by using a three-stage filtering system, wherein the sizes of filtering holes of the used filter elements are respectively 100 meshes, 120 meshes and 150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the number of the filter elements; and after filtering, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the slurry under a low-speed stirring state, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.098 MPa, the low-speed stirring speed is 14rpm, and the time is 0.8h, so as to obtain the final anode slurry.
Coating the positive electrode slurry prepared in the embodiment on a current collector, rolling and die-cutting an electrode sheet roll to prepare a corresponding positive electrode sheet, then preparing a negative electrode sheet by taking graphite as a negative electrode material, and using LiPF in electrolyte6The concentration of the lithium ion battery is 1.15mol/L, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent is EC: EMC: DMC: 3:2, the used diaphragm is 20+4 μm, a single surface is coated with a ceramic diaphragm, the assembly is carried out according to the method in the prior art, a 75Ah lithium ion battery is prepared, and the corresponding lithium ion battery A3 is prepared after the activation.
Example 4
In the preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry, the components are as follows: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: weighing N-methylpyrrolidone (93.5: 2.8:2.3:1.4: 81.8) in a mass ratio, and preparing the following steps:
1) before the slurry is prepared, firstly, baking lithium iron phosphate, conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 for 4 hours at 118 ℃ under a vacuum condition, baking polyvinylidene fluoride for 7 hours at 75 ℃ under the vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.09 MPa, and naturally cooling to below 40 ℃ for later use after baking is finished;
2) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in N-methyl pyrrolidone with the weight 19 times of that of the polyvinylidene fluoride, stirring and dispersing for 2.5 hours in a glue making machine under the vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.09 MPa, the stirring revolution speed is 19rpm, the dispersion speed is 1200rpm, and in the preparation process of glue solution, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-40 ℃ to obtain glue solution A;
3) adding conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 into the glue solution A, starting stirring, wherein the revolution speed of stirring is 22rpm, the dispersion speed is 1400rpm, the grinding time is 3 hours, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-40 ℃, the stirring time is 2.5 hours, and the vacuum degree is-0.09 MPa; after stirring, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 80rpm, the speed of the grinder is 500rpm, filtering the mixed solution by using a secondary filtering system after grinding, the filter cores are respectively 100 meshes and 120 meshes, filtering to obtain uniformly dispersed slurry B, and controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-40 ℃;
4) adding 70% of slurry B into a slurry mixing kettle, and then adding active material lithium iron phosphate twice, wherein the adding amount of the active material lithium iron phosphate for the first time is 60% of the total adding amount of the lithium iron phosphate, the revolution speed is 26rpm, the dispersion speed is 800rpm, and the stirring time is 1 h; adding the rest lithium iron phosphate for the second time, wherein the revolution speed is 23rpm, the dispersion speed is 1200rpm, the stirring time is 1.5h, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ during stirring, and the slurry C is obtained after stirring;
5) adding the residual slurry B and N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry C, starting stirring, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 22rpm, the dispersion speed is 1400rpm, the stirring time is 2 hours, the vacuum degree is-0.09 MPa, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-50 ℃ in the stirring process, and obtaining slurry D after stirring;
6) after stirring, when the temperature of the slurry D is cooled to 27 ℃, testing the viscosity of the slurry, adjusting the viscosity of N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a test result, adding the slurry, and then stirring and revolving at a speed of 12rpm and a dispersion speed of 700rpm, controlling the temperature of the slurry within the range of 20-30 ℃ in the stirring process, wherein the stirring time is 1h, the vacuum degree is-0.09 MPa, and the viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry needs to be measured every time the viscosity is adjusted until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 55%;
7) after the viscosity is adjusted, processing the slurry by using a grinder, wherein the feeding speed of the grinder is 100rpm, the speed of the grinder is 800rpm, the grinding time is 3 hours, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the grinding process; after grinding, filtering the slurry by using a three-stage filtering system, wherein the sizes of filtering holes of the used filter elements are respectively 100 meshes, 120 meshes and 150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the number of the filter elements; and after filtering, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the slurry under a low-speed stirring state, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the low-speed stirring speed is 15rpm, and the time is 1h, so as to obtain the final anode slurry.
Coating the positive electrode slurry prepared in the embodiment on a current collector, rolling and die-cutting the electrode sheet rollPreparing a corresponding positive plate, preparing a negative plate by taking graphite as a negative material, and using LiPF in electrolyte6The concentration of the lithium ion battery is 1.15mol/L, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent is EC: EMC: DMC: 3:2, the used diaphragm is 20+4 μm, a single surface is coated with a ceramic diaphragm, the assembly is carried out according to the method in the prior art, a 75Ah lithium ion battery is prepared, and the corresponding lithium ion battery A4 is prepared after the activation.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is used for further comparing and illustrating the beneficial effects of the preparation method of the invention, and the comparative example uses the same raw materials and feeding proportion as example 1, and the weight ratio of lithium iron phosphate: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: the mass ratio of N-methylpyrrolidone 93:3.5:2:1.5:72.4 is as follows:
1) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in N-methyl pyrrolidone with the weight 12 times of that of the polyvinylidene fluoride, stirring and dispersing for 4 hours under a vacuum condition, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, the stirring revolution speed is 20rpm, the dispersion speed is 1000rpm, the temperature of the glue solution is controlled to be 20-40 ℃ in the grinding process of the glue solution, and standing for 10 hours under a vacuum condition after stirring is finished to obtain a glue solution A;
2) adding the obtained glue solution A into a glue mixing kettle, adding a conductive agent Super-p, and stirring for 0.5 h; then adding 8 percent of the total adding amount of the N-methyl pyrrolidone, and continuously stirring for 0.5 h; then adding a conductive agent KS-6, and stirring for 1h to obtain slurry B; in the whole preparation process of the slurry B, the stirring revolution speed is 26rpm, the dispersion speed is 1600rpm, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-40 ℃ in the stirring process;
3) adding lithium iron phosphate into the slurry B twice, adding 65% of the total amount of the lithium iron phosphate for the first time, starting stirring, wherein the revolution speed is 22rpm, the stirring time is 0.5h, and scraping the slurry after the stirring is finished; adding the rest lithium iron phosphate for the second time, wherein the revolution speed is 25rpm, the dispersion speed is 1000rpm, the stirring time is 2 hours, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-40 ℃ during stirring to obtain slurry C;
4) adding the rest N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry C, starting stirring, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 26rpm, the dispersion speed is 1600rpm, the stirring time is 2.5 hours, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the stirring process to obtain slurry D;
5) after stirring, when the temperature of the slurry D is cooled to 25 ℃, testing the viscosity of the slurry, adjusting the viscosity of N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a test result, adding the slurry, and then, controlling the temperature of the slurry within the range of 20-30 ℃, the stirring time to be 0.5h, the vacuum degree to be-0.08 MPa, wherein the viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry needs to be measured when the viscosity is adjusted once until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 58%;
7) after the viscosity is adjusted, filtering the slurry by using a three-stage filtering system, wherein the sizes of filtering holes of the used filter elements are respectively 100 meshes, 120 meshes and 150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the number of the filter elements; and after filtering, vacuumizing the slurry at a vacuum degree of-0.09 MPa for 0.5h at a stirring speed of 12rpm in a low-speed stirring state, and filtering to obtain the final slurry.
Coating the positive electrode slurry prepared by the comparative example on a current collector, rolling and die-cutting an electrode sheet roll to prepare a corresponding positive electrode sheet, then preparing a negative electrode sheet by taking graphite as a negative electrode material, and using LiPF in the electrolyte6The concentration of the lithium ion battery is 1.15mol/L, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent is EC: EMC: DMC: 3:2, the used diaphragm is 20+4 μm, a single surface is coated with a ceramic diaphragm, the assembly is carried out according to the method in the prior art, a 75Ah lithium ion battery is prepared, and the corresponding lithium ion battery B1 is prepared after the activation.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is used for further comparing and illustrating the beneficial effects of the preparation method of the invention, and the comparative example uses the same raw materials and feeding proportion as example 1, and the weight ratio of lithium iron phosphate: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: the mass ratio of N-methylpyrrolidone 93:3.5:2:1.5:72.4 is as follows:
1) adding lithium iron phosphate, Super-p, KS-6 and polyvinylidene fluoride into a slurry mixing kettle of a stirring machine according to a ratio, stirring and dispersing for 0.5h, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 10rpm, the dispersion speed is 800rpm, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa;
2) adding 66% of the total adding amount of the N-methyl pyrrolidone into the uniformly mixed components, stirring for 2 hours at the stirring speed of 22rpm, scraping the slurry on a stirring paddle, a dispersion disc and a slurry mixing barrel every half hour in the stirring process, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-50 ℃ in the stirring process, and stirring to obtain slurry A;
3) adding the rest N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry mixing kettle, stirring for 2.5h, scraping the stirring paddle, the dispersion disc and the slurry mixing barrel once after stirring for 1.25h, wherein the stirring speed is 26rpm, the dispersion speed is 1600rpm, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, controlling the temperature of the slurry to be 20-50 ℃ in the stirring process, and stirring to obtain slurry B;
4) after stirring, when the temperature of the slurry B is cooled to 25 ℃, testing the viscosity of the slurry, adjusting the viscosity of N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a test result, adding the slurry, and then, controlling the temperature of the slurry within the range of 20-30 ℃, the stirring time to be 0.5h, the vacuum degree to be-0.08 MPa, wherein the viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry needs to be measured when the viscosity is adjusted once until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 58%;
7) after the viscosity is adjusted, filtering the slurry by using a three-stage filtering system, wherein the sizes of filtering holes of the used filter elements are respectively 100 meshes, 120 meshes and 150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the number of the filter elements; and after filtering, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the slurry at a vacuum degree of-0.09 MPa for 0.5h under the low-speed stirring state at a stirring speed of 12rpm, and filtering to obtain the final anode slurry.
Coating the positive electrode slurry prepared by the comparative example on a current collector, rolling and die-cutting an electrode sheet roll to prepare a corresponding positive electrode sheet, then preparing a negative electrode sheet by taking graphite as a negative electrode material, and using LiPF in the electrolyte6The concentration of the lithium ion battery is 1.15mol/L, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent is EC: EMC: DMC: 3:2, the used diaphragm is 20+4 μm, a single surface is coated with a ceramic diaphragm, the assembly is carried out according to the method in the prior art, a 75Ah lithium ion battery is prepared, and the corresponding lithium ion battery B2 is prepared after the activation.
Examples of the experiments
1) Coating effect of positive electrode slurry coating polar plate
In order to detect the coating effect of the positive electrode slurry obtained by the preparation method of the present invention on the electrode plate in the coating process, the electrode plates coated with the positive electrode slurry obtained in example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were characterized by a scanning electron microscope, and the results are shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, respectively. Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope atlas of the coated plate of example 1, and it can be seen from the figure that the distribution of active materials on the plate is relatively uniform, and the conductive agent does not have obvious agglomeration phenomenon, which is beneficial to the exertion of the maximum gram capacity of the positive electrode material. Fig. 2 and 3 are scanning electron micrographs of the coated plates of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, respectively, from which it can be seen that there is some agglomeration of the conductive agent on the plates.
2) Battery energy density and internal resistance testing
The energy density and the internal resistance of the lithium ion batteries prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 data table of energy density and internal resistance of batteries prepared from slurries of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2
Figure BDA0001104698070000101
Figure BDA0001104698070000111
As can be seen from table 1, the energy density of the lithium ion batteries manufactured in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention is higher than that of the lithium ion batteries manufactured in the conventional manufacturing methods of comparative examples 1 to 2, and the internal resistance of the lithium ion batteries manufactured in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention is lower than that of the lithium ion batteries manufactured in the comparative examples. Therefore, the lithium ion battery prepared by the slurry has low internal resistance and high energy density, and is beneficial to exerting the maximum gram capacity.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of high-capacity lithium ion battery anode slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) lithium iron phosphate according to the mass ratio: polyvinylidene fluoride: super-p: KS-6: weighing raw material substances according to the weight ratio of N-methylpyrrolidone = 92-94: 2.8-4.0: 1.5-2.5: 1.0-1.5: 69.5-81.8, and drying lithium iron phosphate, a conductive agent Super-p, a conductive agent KS-6 and polyvinylidene fluoride;
2) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride in N-methyl pyrrolidone with the weight 12-19 times of the polyvinylidene fluoride, and stirring and dispersing to obtain a glue solution A;
3) adding conductive agents Super-p and KS-6 into the glue solution A, uniformly stirring, grinding the mixed slurry, and filtering to obtain slurry B;
4) mixing 60-70% of slurry B with active material lithium iron phosphate, specifically, adding the active material lithium iron phosphate into the slurry B twice, adding 60-65% of the total amount of the lithium iron phosphate for the first time, adding the rest lithium iron phosphate for the second time, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry C;
5) adding the residual slurry B and N-methyl pyrrolidone into the slurry C, uniformly stirring to obtain slurry D, then taking the N-methyl pyrrolidone for viscosity adjustment, grinding, filtering and vacuum defoaming to obtain the nano-silver-based nano-silver composite material;
the viscosity condition of the adjusted slurry needs to be measured every time the viscosity is adjusted in the step 5), and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-30 ℃; the revolution speed is 8-12 rpm, the dispersion speed is 500-800 rpm, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, the stirring time is 0.5-1 h, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 to-0.09 MPa until the solid content of the obtained slurry is 55-59%.
2. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), before the slurry is prepared, drying is carried out on all the components under a vacuum condition, wherein in the drying process, the drying temperature of lithium iron phosphate, Super-p and KS-6 is 110-120 ℃, and the drying time is 3-4 h; and (3) drying the polyvinylidene fluoride at 75-85 ℃ for 5-7 h under the vacuum degree of-0.08 to-0.09 MPa, and naturally cooling to below 40 ℃ for later use after drying.
3. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring and dispersing in a glue making machine in the step 2), wherein the stirring revolution speed is 18-22 rpm, the dispersion speed is 1000-1200 rpm, the stirring time is 1.5-2.5 h, the vacuum degree is-0.08 to-0.09 MPa, and the slurry temperature is controlled to be 20-40 ℃.
4. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: after the conductive agent is added in the step 3), the stirring revolution speed is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 1400-1600 rpm, the stirring time is 1.5-2.5 h, the vacuum degree is-0.08 to-0.09 MPa, and the slurry temperature is controlled to be 20-40 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: and 3) grinding treatment in the step 3) is carried out in a grinder, the feeding speed is 80-100 rpm, the speed of the grinder is 500-800 rpm, the conductive glue solution is filtered by a secondary filtering system after grinding, and the size of a filter screen of a filter element is 100-150 meshes.
6. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the lithium iron phosphate twice in the step 4), wherein the stirring revolution speed of the first lithium iron phosphate adding is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 500-800 rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; and adding the lithium iron phosphate for the second time, wherein the stirring revolution speed is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 1000-1200 rpm, the stirring time is 1.0-1.5 h, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: after the slurry B and the N-methyl pyrrolidone are added in the step 5), the revolution speed of stirring is 22-26 rpm, the dispersion speed is 1400-1600 rpm, the stirring time is 2.0-2.5 h, the vacuum degree is-0.08-0.09 MPa, and the slurry temperature is controlled to be 20-50 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: and 5) when the slurry is ground, the feeding speed of the grinding machine is 80-100 rpm, the speed of the grinding machine is 500-800 rpm, the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ in the grinding process, and the grinding time is 2.0-3.0 h.
9. The preparation method of the high-capacity lithium ion battery positive electrode slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the step 5) adopts a three-stage filtration mode during filtration, the size of the used filter element is 100-150 meshes, and the filter elements are sequentially arranged from low to high according to the mesh size of the filter element; and after filtering, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the slurry at a vacuum degree of-0.09 to-0.1 MPa for 0.5 to 1h under a low-speed stirring state and at a stirring rotating speed of 12 to 15 rpm.
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