CN106297467B - A kind of Pu Feng throwings needle experiment mathematical simulation machine and its control system - Google Patents
A kind of Pu Feng throwings needle experiment mathematical simulation machine and its control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to mathematics teaching aid field, specifically a kind of Pu Feng throws needle experiment mathematical simulation machine and its control system, and analog machine includes fuselage, coin-feed machine and throwing needle device；The fuselage includes bottom plate, supporting leg, front side board, middle support plate, back side panel, No.1 annulated column and No. two annulated columns；The coin-feed machine includes sliding object device and bullet object device with throwing needle device；The coin-feed machine includes playing object plate, flap axis, support object plate, playing object spring, extension airbag, air accumulator, steam hose and air pump with the bullet object device for throwing needle device；The coin-feed machine pushes away object device including pushing away object plate and pushing away object cylinder with throwing needle device；Its control system includes programmable controller, sensor unit, air pressure unit and servo controller；The present invention can make student's direct feel to the process for throwing coin (throwing needle) experiment, to increase interest and understanding of the student to probability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mathematics teaching aids, in particular to a PU-FEN needle throwing experiment mathematical simulator and a control system thereof.
Background
Probability, also called probability, chance rate, probability (probability) or likelihood, is the basic concept of probability theory. Probability is a measure of the likelihood of a random event occurring and generally represents the magnitude of the likelihood of an event occurring in a real number between 0 and 1. The closer to 1, the more likely the event is to occur; the closer to 0, the less likely the event is to occur, which is an objective demonstration, not subjective verification.
The probability experiment generally comprises the experiments of ball-touching game, coin throwing, rotary disc, needle throwing test, drawing pin throwing, bottle cap throwing and the like,
wherein, the spike-throwing test of the pu feng mainly refers to:
1) a piece of white paper is taken, and a plurality of parallel lines with the distance a are drawn on the white paper.
2) And (3) taking a needle with the length of l (l is less than or equal to a/2), randomly throwing the needle on the paper with the parallel straight lines for n times, and observing the times of intersection of the needle and the straight lines, wherein the times are marked as m.
3) The probability of the needle intersecting the line is calculated.
The futon needle-throwing experiment is the first example of expressing probability problems in a geometric form, and the ruffon needle-throwing experiment firstly uses a random experiment to process deterministic mathematical problems and plays a certain role in promoting the development of probability theory.
The experiments should be carried out by students, and the experiments are simple, the experimental result is not complicated, and the operability is strong. By doing in person, the frequency of the event can be better appreciated, and the relation and the difference between the frequency and the probability can be better appreciated, and the frequency can be used as the estimated value of the event occurrence probability when a large number of repeated experiments are appreciated.
The student personally performs a coin throwing experiment and a needle throwing experiment and has the following functions:
1. the student can experience the random phenomenon. In conducting the test and analyzing the test data, students will gradually experience the uncertainty of random phenomena, as well as the regularity exhibited by a large number of repeated tests.
2. Through probability experiments, the method is helpful for students to clarify some wrong recognitions. By doing the experiment in person, students can know the uncertainty of the occurrence of things in the process of the experiment; for the still existing confusion, especially the result which is not in accordance with the experience, the wrong understanding is clarified through experiments, and the students are convinced.
The existing experiment of manually throwing coins (throwing pins) is usually carried out in a way that one person throws coins (throwing pins) by hand and the other person counts nearby, however, because the experiment needs many times, the method of the experiment of the probability of throwing coins (throwing pins) needs to consume a large amount of manpower and material resources and affects the experiment efficiency; therefore, the existing mathematical probability coin throwing (hand throwing needle) experiment is usually simulated by adopting a computer, and the computer simulates the experiment to ensure that students cannot participate in the probability experiment or cannot feel the practical experiment process, so that the students cannot deepen the understanding of the probability; in view of this, there is an urgent need for a mathematical probability teaching simulation device that enables students to intuitively feel the pleasure of coin throwing (needle throwing) probability experiments and does not affect the efficiency of the experiments.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the mathematical simulator for the Pufeng needle throwing experiment and the control system thereof can enable students to intuitively feel the process of the coin throwing (needle throwing) experiment, increase the interest and understanding of the students on probability, do not need manual operation and have higher working efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a mathematical simulator for a Pufeng needle throwing experiment comprises a machine body, a coin throwing device and a needle throwing device; the coin-in device is positioned at the front part of the machine body, and the needle-in device is positioned at the rear part of the machine body.
The machine body comprises a bottom plate, supporting legs, a front side plate, a middle supporting plate, a rear side plate, a first ring column and a second ring column; four support legs are fixedly connected to the periphery of the lower end face of the bottom plate, a front side plate and a rear side plate are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate respectively, a middle support plate is vertically and fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom plate, the first ring column and the second ring column are integrally in a shape like a Chinese character 'kou', the first ring column and the second ring column are fixedly connected to the right part of the machine body in parallel, and the first ring column is located on the right side of the second ring column;
the coin-freed device and the needle-freed device both comprise a sliding device, an object-ejecting device and an object-pushing device, the whole coin-freed device is positioned between a front side plate and a middle support plate of the machine body, and the sliding device of the coin-freed device comprises a sliding plate, a height limiting block, a first retaining rod, a first translation rod, a first coin blocking plate, a first sliding column, a first spring, a first iron block and a first electromagnet; the first sliding object plate is positioned at the right part of the machine body, the first sliding object plate is fixedly connected with the machine body in a gradually inclined manner from right to left along the machine body, the right end of the first sliding object plate is smoothly and fixedly connected with the first ring column, when in use, coins can be manually placed on the first sliding object plate, the coins can slide to the left side of the first sliding object plate from the right side of the first sliding object plate under the action of gravity, three first nesting columns are uniformly arranged on the left side surface of the second ring column between the front side plate and the middle support plate, a through groove is arranged in the middle of each first nesting column, the height limiting block is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the second ring column between the front side plate and the middle support plate, the nearest distance between the height limiting block and the first sliding object plate is equal to the height of the experimental coins, so that only one coin passing through the height limiting block passes through each time in the same region, and the situation that a large number of coins are not easy to be ejected out simultaneously and influence the detection result is not, the first retaining rod is fixedly connected to a machine body on the left side of the second ring column, the first translation rod is positioned between the first retaining rod and the first nesting column, the first coin blocking plate is positioned above the first sliding object plate on the left side of the second ring column, three first sliding columns are uniformly and vertically fixedly connected to the first coin blocking plate from front to back, the top ends of the three first sliding columns penetrate through the first nesting column and are fixedly connected to the first translation rod, so that the three first sliding columns can move up and down in the first nesting column to drive the first coin blocking plate to move up and down, the first coin blocking plate is used for controlling the movement of coins on the first sliding object plate, when the coins need to be cast, the first coin blocking plate moves up to enable the coins to slide to the left side of the first sliding object plate from the lower end of the first coin blocking plate, and when one coin slides to the left side of the first sliding object plate from the lower end of the first coin blocking plate, the first coin blocking plate moves downwards to block other coins from continuously sliding downwards, so that a plurality of coins are prevented from sliding to the left side of the first coin blocking plate at the same time, and the plurality of coins are prevented from being thrown out at the same time; the number of the first springs is three, the top ends of the three first springs are fixedly connected with the three first nesting columns respectively, the bottom ends of the three first springs are fixedly connected to the first coin blocking plate, the first horizontal moving rod is uniformly and fixedly connected with three first iron blocks, three first electromagnets are uniformly arranged right above the three first iron blocks, and the three first electromagnets are arranged on the first fixing rod; in the initial state, each electromagnet does not work, each spring is in a loose state, the first coin blocking plate is in contact with the first sliding object plate to block the left sliding of the coin, when the coin is on the right side of the first coin blocking plate and needs to move to the left side of the first sliding object plate, the external controller controls the work of an electromagnetic relay, the electromagnetic relay controls the work of each electromagnet, the electromagnet generates magnetism due to electrification and further attracts each iron block on the first translation rod to move upwards so as to be adsorbed with each electromagnet, meanwhile, the first translation rod moves upwards to drive each sliding column to move upwards in the first nesting column, so that the first coin blocking plate moves upwards to enable the coin to pass through the lower part of the first coin blocking plate and slide to the left side of the first sliding object plate, and at the moment, each spring is in a contraction state; when the coin slides to the left side of the coin blocking plate, the electromagnets of the first number are powered off, and the coin blocking plate of the first number is contacted with the sliding object plate again under the action of the restoring force of the spring to continuously block the coin.
The needle throwing device is integrally positioned between a middle support plate and a rear side plate of the machine body, the sliding device of the needle throwing device comprises a second sliding plate, a flow limiting plate, five needle blocking devices and a second fixing rod, the second sliding plate is positioned at the right part of the machine body, the second sliding plate is fixedly connected to the machine body in a gradually inclined mode from right to left along the machine body, the right end of the second sliding plate is smoothly and fixedly connected with a first ring column, the upper end face of the second sliding plate is provided with four curved flow limiting plates, the four flow limiting plates divide the second sliding plate into five needle sliding areas, during work, experimental needles can be manually placed at the right end of the second sliding plate and can enter the experimental needles at the right end of the second sliding plate to slide into the needle sliding areas, the needle sliding areas are designed to enable the experimental needles to be separated in batches, a large number of the experimental needles are unlikely to be stacked and be simultaneously thrown on a bottom plate, and are likely to be piled and stacked on the experimental needles As a result, adverse effects are produced, so that the design of the restrictor plate can avoid the above-mentioned effects; five second nesting columns are uniformly arranged on the left side surface of a second ring column between the rear side plate and the middle support plate, through grooves are formed in the middle of the second nesting columns, the five needle blocking devices are respectively positioned in the five second nesting columns, the four restrictor plates are all positioned on the right of the needle blocking devices, the right of each needle blocking device is respectively corresponding to a needle sliding area, and the second retention rod is fixedly connected to a machine body on the left side of the second ring column; when the device works, each needle blocking device can control whether the experimental needle in different needle sliding areas slides on the second sliding object plate or not;
the five needle blocking devices respectively comprise a second translation rod, a second coin blocking plate, a second sliding column, a second spring, a second iron block and a second electromagnet; each second translation rod is positioned between the second retention rod and the second nesting column, the second coin blocking plate is positioned above the second sliding object plate on the left side of the second ring column, the middle part of the second coin blocking plate is vertically and fixedly connected with the second sliding column, the top end of each second sliding column of each needle blocking device respectively penetrates through each second nesting column and is fixedly connected to the corresponding second translation rod, the top end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the second nesting column, the bottom end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the second coin blocking plate, the second translation rod is fixedly connected with a second iron block, a second electromagnet is arranged right above the second iron block, and each second electromagnet is uniformly arranged on the second retention rod; in the initial state, the second electromagnets of the needle blocking devices do not work, the second springs are in a loose state, the second coin blocking plates contact the second sliding object plate to block the leftward sliding of the experimental needles, when the experimental needle is arranged at the right side of a second coin baffle plate of a certain needle baffle device and needs to move to the left side of a second sliding plate, the external controller controls the electromagnetic relay to work, the electromagnetic relay controls the second electromagnet to work, the second electromagnet generates magnetism due to electrification to attract the second iron block of the second translation rod to move upwards so as to be adsorbed with the second electromagnet, meanwhile, the second translation rod moves upwards to drive the second sliding column to move upwards in the second nesting column, so that the second coin blocking plate moves upwards to enable the experimental needle to pass through the lower part of the second coin blocking plate and slide to the left side of the second sliding plate, and at the moment, a second spring of the needle blocking device is in a contraction state; when the experiment needle slides to the left side of the second coin blocking plate, the corresponding second electromagnet is powered off, so that the second coin blocking plate is contacted with the second sliding object plate again under the action of the reset force of the second spring to continuously block the experiment needle in the sliding needle area, and whether the experiment needle is blocked in different sliding needle areas or not is realized by repeating the work.
The coin-feed device and the bullet device of the needle-feed device both comprise bullet plates, rotating plate shafts, object supporting plates, bullet springs, telescopic air bags, air storage tanks, air hoses and air pumps; the coin feeder is characterized in that the object ejecting plate is rotatably arranged on the machine body through a rotating plate shaft, the object ejecting plate is positioned at the left lower part of the object sliding device, when the coin feeder works, coins on the object sliding plate or experimental needles on the object sliding plate II slide down to the object ejecting plate of the coin feeding device or the needle feeding device respectively, the object supporting plate comprises a vertical shielding plate, an inclined supporting plate and a cross supporting plate, the vertical shielding plate is positioned under the left end of the object sliding device, the vertical shielding plate is used for enabling the coins (needles) to be only thrown to the left area of the vertical shielding plate so as to facilitate the subsequent pushing of the coins (needles) by the object pushing device, the inclined supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the vertical shielding plate and positioned under the object ejecting plate, the cross supporting plate is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the vertical shielding plate, one end of the object ejecting spring is fixedly connected to the object ejecting plate, the other end of the object ejecting spring is fixedly connected to the inclined supporting plate, the gas storage tank is arranged at the upper end of the, the lower ends of the two telescopic air bags are fixedly connected on the object supporting plate, one end of the air hose is connected with the air storage tank, the other end of the air hose is communicated with the two telescopic air bags, and the air pump is arranged on the air hose; under initial state, play the thing spring and be in the state of slackening completely, and flexible gasbag and air pump do not all work, play the thing board this moment and slide the left lower extreme of thing device and contact, in operation, after coin (needle) are located play the thing board, air pump work makes and takes out the gas in the flexible gasbag, make flexible gasbag be in the negative pressure state of tightening up, play thing board anticlockwise rotation this moment, it is in the state of crimpling to play the thing spring, then, air pump work makes flexible gasbag short time be full of gas fast, and play the thing spring and exert bounce to playing the thing board, thereby under the dual function of flexible gasbag propelling force and play thing spring bounce, play the quick clockwise motion of thing board, thereby coin (needle) are thrown out under inertial effect.
The coin inserting device and the object pushing device of the needle inserting device both comprise an object pushing plate and an object pushing cylinder, the object pushing device is positioned between the bottom plate and a cross support plate of the object ejecting device, the object pushing cylinder is installed on the bottom plate, and the front end of the object pushing cylinder is fixedly connected with the object pushing plate; when the coin pushing device works, after the coins (the needles) are thrown onto the bottom plate, the pushing cylinder stretches out to enable the pushing plate to translate leftwards, and therefore the coins (the needles) are pushed out.
The bottom plate between the front side plate and the middle support plate is uniformly provided with image recognition sensors, and the image recognition sensors are used for recognizing the front and back sides of the coin and feeding back the recognized images to the control terminal in an electric signal mode, so that the front and back sides of the coin are counted.
8-20 induction lines arranged from left to right are uniformly arranged on the bottom plate between the middle support plate and the rear side plate, infrared sensors are mounted on the induction lines, and infrared sensors are uniformly mounted on the bottom plate between the middle support plate and the rear side plate; the infrared sensor can be used for sensing the number of thrown needles and the number of needles in contact with the sensing lines, and feeding back statistical data to the control terminal in an electric signal mode, so that the automatic process of the futon needle throwing test is realized.
A control system of a mathematical analog machine for a Pufeng needle throwing experiment comprises a programmable controller, a sensor unit, an air pressure unit and a servo controller;
the output port of the programmable controller is connected with the sensor unit, the air pressure unit, the servo motor unit and the servo controller and is used for controlling the work of the sensor unit, the air pressure unit, the servo motor unit and the servo controller;
the sensor unit comprises an image recognition sensor and an infrared sensor, signals analyzed by the sensor unit can be fed back to the programmable controller in real time, and the programmable controller receives feedback information of the sensor unit, arranges the information and sends related instructions to the servo motor unit and the servo controller;
the air pressure unit is used for controlling the air pumps of the coin inserting device and the needle inserting device and the object pushing air cylinders of the coin inserting device and the needle inserting device to work, can selectively and independently control one of the air pumps of the coin inserting device and the needle inserting device to work, and can selectively and independently control one of the object pushing air cylinders of the coin inserting device and the needle inserting device to work;
the servo controller is used for controlling the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet to work, and can selectively and independently control one of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet to work;
the servo controller comprises a starting signal, a stopping signal, an automatic signal, an origin signal, a terminal signal, a working point in-place signal and an origin reset signal.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the mathematical simulator for the Pufeng needle throwing experiment can automatically eject the needles for the experiment, automatically record the number of the needles falling to the ground and the number of the needles contacting with the induction lines, and is high in automation degree.
(2) The mathematical simulator for the Pufeng needle throwing experiment can also realize automatic ejection of coins and automatic recording of the front and back sides of the fallen coins, and is high in automation degree and wide in application range.
(3) The mathematical simulator for the Pufeng needle throwing experiment can meet the requirement of a mathematical probability experiment with a large number of experiment times, and has high experiment efficiency; moreover, the machine body of the coin throwing test machine is in a semi-closed state, students can clearly observe the whole process of the experiment around the machine body, so that compared with the traditional computer simulation process, the coin throwing test machine can enable the students to intuitively feel the process of the coin throwing (needle inserting) experiment, and interest and understanding of the students on probability are increased.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
3 FIG. 33 3 is 3 a 3 sectional 3 view 3 taken 3 along 3 line 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 32 3; 3
FIG. 4 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention with the front and rear side panels removed;
FIG. 6 is another schematic view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of the needle delivery device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a control system diagram of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a machine body 1, a coin inserting device 2, a needle inserting device 3, a bottom plate 11, a supporting leg 12, a front side plate 13, a middle support plate 14, a rear side plate 15, a first ring column 16, a second ring column 17, a first nesting column 171, a second nesting column 172, a sliding object device 31, an object ejecting device 32, an object pushing device 33, a first sliding object plate 311, a height limiting block 312, a first fixing rod 313, a first translation rod 314, a first coin blocking plate 315, a first sliding column 316, a first spring 317, a first iron block 318, a first electromagnet 319, a second sliding object plate 301, a sliding needle area 3011, a flow limiting plate 302, a needle blocking device shielding plate 303, a second translation rod 3031, a second coin blocking plate 3032, a second sliding column 3033, a second spring 3034, a second iron block 3035, a second electromagnet 3036, a second fixing rod 304, an object ejecting plate 321, a rotating plate shaft 322, a supporting object plate, a vertical supporting plate 3231, a sloping supporting plate 3232, a transverse spring 3233, an air bag 325, an air storage tank 325, a telescopic elastic expansion and a telescopic rod 326, Air hose 327, air pump 328, push plate 331, and push cylinder 332.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 8, the mathematic simulator for pyfeng needle injection experiment according to the present invention comprises a machine body 1, a coin inserting device 2 and a needle inserting device 3; the coin-in device 2 is positioned at the front part of the machine body 1, and the needle-in device 3 is positioned at the rear part of the machine body 1.
The machine body 1 comprises a bottom plate 11, supporting legs 12, a front side plate 13, a middle support plate 14, a rear side plate 15, a first ring column 16 and a second ring column 17; four support legs 12 are fixedly connected to the periphery of the lower end face of the bottom plate 11, a front side plate 13 and a rear side plate 15 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate 11 respectively, a middle support plate 14 is vertically and fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom plate 11, the first ring column 16 and the second ring column 17 are integrally in a shape like a Chinese character 'kou', the first ring column 16 and the second ring column 17 are fixedly connected to the right part of the machine body 1 in parallel, and the first ring column 16 is located on the right side of the second ring column 17;
the coin-feed device 2 and the needle-feed device 3 both comprise a sliding device 31, an object-ejecting device 32 and an object-pushing device 33, the whole coin-feed device 2 is positioned between the front side plate 13 and the middle support plate 14 of the machine body 1, and the sliding device 31 of the coin-feed device 2 comprises a sliding plate 311, a height limiting block 312, a first retaining rod 313, a first translation rod 314, a first coin blocking plate 315, a first sliding column 316, a first spring 317, a first iron block 318 and a first electromagnet 319; the first sliding object plate 311 is positioned at the right part of the machine body 1, the first sliding object plate 311 is fixedly connected to the machine body 1 in a gradually inclined manner from right to left along the machine body 1, the right end of the first sliding object plate 311 is smoothly and fixedly connected with the first ring column 16, when in use, coins can slide to the left side of the first sliding object plate 311 from the right side of the first sliding object plate 311 under the action of gravity, three first nesting columns 171 are uniformly arranged on the left side surface of the second ring column 17 between the front side plate 13 and the middle support plate 14, a through groove is arranged in the middle of the first nesting column 171, the height limiting block 312 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the second ring column 17 between the front side plate 13 and the middle support plate 14, the nearest distance between the height limiting block 312 and the first sliding object plate 311 is equal to the height of experimental coins, so that coins passing through the height limiting block 312 pass through one another one coin in the same area each time, and therefore, a large number of coins are not easy to be ejected at the same time, and the condition, the first retaining rod 313 is fixedly connected to the machine body 1 on the left side of the second ring column 17, the first translation rod 314 is positioned between the first retaining rod 313 and the first nesting column 171, the first coin blocking plate 315 is positioned above the first sliding plate 311 on the left side of the second ring column 17, three first sliding columns 316 are uniformly and vertically fixedly connected to the first coin blocking plate 315 from front to back, the top ends of the three first sliding columns 316 penetrate through the first nesting column 171 and are fixedly connected to the first translation rod 314, so that the three first sliding columns 316 can move up and down in the first nesting column 171 to drive the first coin blocking plate 315 to move up and down, the first coin blocking plate 315 is used for controlling the movement of coins on the first sliding plate 311, when coins need to be ejected, the first coin blocking plate 315 moves up, so that the coins can slide from the lower end of the first coin blocking plate 315 to the left side of the first sliding plate 311, when a coin slides from the lower end of the first coin blocking plate 315 to the left side of the first sliding plate 311, the first coin blocking plate 315 moves downwards again to block the other coins from continuing to slide downwards, so as to prevent a plurality of coins from sliding to the left side of the first sliding plate 311 at the same time, and further prevent a plurality of coins from being thrown out at the same time; the number of the first springs 317 is three, the top ends of the three first springs 317 are fixedly connected with the three first nesting columns 171 respectively, the bottom ends of the three first springs 317 are fixedly connected to the first coin blocking plate 315, the first horizontal rod 314 is fixedly connected with three first iron blocks 318 uniformly, three first electromagnets 319 are arranged right above the three first iron blocks 318, and the three first electromagnets 319 are arranged on the first fixing rod 313; in the initial state, each electromagnet 319 does not work, each spring 317 is in a relaxed state, the coin-blocking plate 315 contacts the coin-sliding plate 311 to block the left sliding of the coin, when a coin is on the right side of the one-number coin blocking plate 315 and needs to move to the left side of the one-number skimming plate 311, the external controller controls the operation of the electromagnetic relay, the electromagnetic relay controls the operation of each first electromagnet 319, the first electromagnet 319 generates magnetism due to the energization to attract each first iron block 318 on the first translation rod 314 to move upwards so as to be adsorbed with each first electromagnet 319, and at the same time, upward movement of the first translating rod 314 causes each first sliding post 316 to move upward within the first nesting post 171, thereby moving the one-number coin blocking plate 315 upwards to allow the coin to pass under the one-number coin blocking plate 315 and slide to the left of the one-number sliding plate 311, and at the same time, each one-number spring 317 is in a contracted state; when the coin slides to the left side of the first coin blocking plate 315, each first electromagnet 319 is powered off, so that the first coin blocking plate 315 is contacted with the first sliding object plate 311 again under the action of the reset force of the first spring 317 to continuously block the coin.
The needle throwing device 3 is integrally positioned between a middle support plate 14 and a rear side plate 15 of the machine body 1, the sliding device 31 of the needle throwing device 3 comprises a second sliding plate 301, a current limiting plate 302, five needle blocking devices 303 and a second fixing rod 304, the second sliding plate 301 is positioned at the right part of the machine body 1, the second sliding plate 301 is fixedly connected on the machine body 1 in a gradually inclined manner from right to left along the machine body 1, the right end of the second sliding plate 301 is smoothly and fixedly connected with a first ring column 16, the upper end surface of the second sliding plate 301 is provided with four curve-shaped current limiting plates 302, the four current limiting plates 302 divide the second sliding plate 301 into five sliding needle areas 3011, during operation, the experimental needles entering the right end of the second sliding plate 301 slide into the second sliding plate 301 to slide into the sliding needle areas 3011, and the sliding needle areas 3011 are designed to enable the experimental needles to be ejected in batches, so that a large number of experimental needles are not stacked and are thrown out simultaneously, the simultaneous projection of a large number of experimental needles may cause the needles to collide and stack on the bottom plate 11, thereby adversely affecting the experimental results, and thus the design of the restrictor plate 302 can avoid the above-mentioned effects; five second nesting columns 172 are uniformly arranged on the left side surface of a second ring column 17 between the rear side plate 15 and the middle support plate 14, a through groove is formed in the middle of each second nesting column 172, the five needle blocking devices 303 are respectively positioned in the five second nesting columns 172, the four restrictor plates 302 are all positioned on the right of the needle blocking devices 303, the right of each needle blocking device 303 is respectively corresponding to a sliding needle area 3011, and the second fixing rod 304 is fixedly connected to the machine body 1 on the left side of the second ring column 17; during operation, each needle blocking device 303 can control whether the experimental needle in the different needle sliding areas 3011 slides on the second sliding board 301;
each of the five needle blocking devices 303 comprises a second translation rod 3031, a second coin blocking plate 3032, a second sliding column 3033, a second spring 3034, a second iron block 3035 and a second electromagnet 3036; each second translation rod 3031 is positioned between the second retention rod 304 and the second nesting column 172, the second coin blocking plate 3032 is positioned above the second sliding object plate 301 on the left side of the second ring column 17, the middle part of the second coin blocking plate 3032 is vertically and fixedly connected with a second sliding column 3033, the top end of each second sliding column 3033 of each needle blocking device 303 respectively penetrates through each second nesting column 172 and is fixedly connected to the corresponding second translation rod 3031, the top end of the second spring 3034 is fixedly connected with the second nesting column 172, the bottom end of the second spring 3034 is fixedly connected to the second coin blocking plate 3032, the second translation rod 3031 is fixedly connected with a second iron block 3035, a second electromagnet 3036 is arranged right above the second iron block 3035, and each second electromagnet 3036 is uniformly installed on the second retention rod 304; in the initial state, the second electromagnet 3036 of each needle blocking device 303 does not work, each second spring 3034 is in a loose state, each second coin blocking plate 3032 contacts the second slider plate 301 to block the leftward sliding of the experimental needle, when the experimental needle is arranged on the right side of the second coin blocking plate 3032 of a certain needle blocking device 303 and needs to move towards the left side of the second slider plate 301, the external controller controls the electromagnetic relay to work, the electromagnetic relay controls the second electromagnet 3036 to work, the second electromagnet 3036 generates magnetism due to electrification and attracts the second iron block 3035 of the second flat moving rod 3031 to move upwards so as to be adsorbed with the second electromagnet 3036, and meanwhile, the upward movement of the second flat moving rod 3031 drives the second sliding column 3033 to move upwards in the second nesting column 172, so that the second coin blocking plate 3032 moves upwards to enable the experimental needle to pass under the second coin blocking plate 3032 and slide to the left side of the second slider plate 301, at this time, the second spring 3034 of the needle blocking device 303 is in a contracted state; when the experimental needle slides to the left side of the second coin blocking plate 3032, the corresponding second electromagnet 3036 is powered off, so that the second coin blocking plate 3032 is contacted with the second sliding object plate 301 again under the action of the reset force of the second spring 3034 to continuously block the experimental needle in the sliding needle area 3011, and whether the experimental needle in different sliding needle areas 3011 is blocked or not is realized by repeating the above work.
The coin-freed device 2 and the bullet device 32 of the needle-throwing device 3 both comprise a bullet plate 321, a rotating plate shaft 322, a supporting plate 323, a bullet spring 324, a telescopic air bag 325, an air storage tank 326, an air hose 327 and an air pump 328; the missile plate 321 is rotatably installed on the machine body 1 through the rotating plate shaft 322, the missile plate 321 is positioned at the left lower part of the missile device 31, when the device works, coins on a first missile plate or experimental needles on a second missile plate respectively slide down to the missile plate 321 of the coin inserting device 2 or the needle inserting device 3, the missile plate 323 comprises a vertical shield plate 3231, an inclined support plate 3232 and a cross support plate 3233, the vertical shield plate 3231 is positioned right below the left end of the missile device 31, the vertical shield plate has the function that the coins (needles) can only be thrown to the area on the left side of the vertical shield plate so as to facilitate the subsequent propelling of the coins (needles) by the missile device, the inclined support plate 3232 is arranged at the upper end of the vertical shield 3231 and positioned below the missile plate 321, the cross support plate 33 is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the vertical shield 3231, one end of the missile spring 324 is fixedly connected to the missile plate 321, the other end of the inclined spring 324 is fixedly connected to the inclined support 3232, the air storage tank is installed at the upper end of the cross support plate 3233, the lower end face of the elastic plate 321 is uniformly and fixedly connected with two telescopic air bags 325, the lower ends of the two telescopic air bags 325 are fixedly connected on the supporting plate 323, one end of an air hose 327 is connected with an air storage tank 326, the other end of the air hose 327 is communicated with the two telescopic air bags 325, and an air pump 328 is arranged on the air hose 327; in the initial state, the projectile spring 324 is in a completely relaxed state, and the telescopic airbag 325 and the air pump 328 are not in operation, at this time, the projectile plate 321 is in contact with the left lower end of the sliding device 31, during operation, after a coin (needle) is located on the projectile plate 321, the air pump 328 operates to draw out air in the telescopic airbag 325, so that the telescopic airbag 325 is in a negative pressure tightening state, at this time, the projectile plate 321 rotates counterclockwise, the projectile spring 324 is in a tightening state, then, the air pump 328 operates to quickly fill the telescopic airbag 325 with air for a short time, and the projectile spring 324 applies a rebound force to the projectile plate 321, so that under the dual effects of the pushing force of the telescopic airbag 325 and the rebound force of the projectile spring 324, the projectile plate 321 moves clockwise rapidly, and coins (needles) are thrown out under the effect of inertia.
The pushing devices 33 of the coin inserting device 2 and the needle inserting device 3 respectively comprise a pushing plate 331 and a pushing cylinder 332, the pushing devices 33 are positioned between the bottom plate 11 and the cross plate 3233 of the object ejecting device 32, the pushing cylinders 332 are installed on the bottom plate 11, and the front ends of the pushing cylinders 332 are fixedly connected with the pushing plate 331; in operation, when coins (coins) are ejected onto the bottom plate 11, the pushing cylinder 332 is extended to move the pushing plate 331 horizontally to the left, so as to push out the coins (coins).
And image recognition sensors are uniformly arranged on the bottom plate 11 between the front side plate 13 and the middle support plate 14 and are used for recognizing the front and back sides of the coin and feeding back the recognized images to the control terminal in an electric signal mode, so that the front and back sides of the coin are counted.
8-20 induction lines arranged from left to right are uniformly arranged on the bottom plate 11 between the middle support plate 14 and the rear side plate 15, infrared sensors are mounted on the induction lines, and infrared sensors are uniformly mounted on the bottom plate 11 between the middle support plate 14 and the rear side plate 15; the infrared sensor can be used for sensing the number of thrown needles and the number of needles in contact with the sensing lines, and feeding back statistical data to the control terminal in an electric signal mode, so that the automatic process of the futon needle throwing test is realized.
A control system of a mathematical analog machine for a Pufeng needle throwing experiment comprises a programmable controller, a sensor unit, an air pressure unit and a servo controller;
the output port of the programmable controller is connected with the sensor unit, the air pressure unit, the servo motor unit and the servo controller and is used for controlling the work of the sensor unit, the air pressure unit, the servo motor unit and the servo controller;
the sensor unit comprises an image recognition sensor and an infrared sensor, signals analyzed by the sensor unit can be fed back to the programmable controller in real time, and the programmable controller receives feedback information of the sensor unit, arranges the information and sends related instructions to the servo motor unit and the servo controller;
the air pressure unit is used for controlling the air pump 328 of the coin-in device 2 and the needle-throwing device 3 and the object-pushing air cylinder 332 of the coin-in device 2 and the needle-throwing device 3 to work, can selectively and independently control one of the air pumps 328 of the coin-in device 2 and the needle-throwing device 3 to work, and can selectively and independently control one of the object-pushing air cylinders 332 of the coin-in device 2 and the needle-throwing device 3 to work;
the servo controller is used for controlling the work of the first electromagnet 319 and the second electromagnet 3036, and can selectively and independently control one of the first electromagnet 319 and the second electromagnet 3036 to work;
the servo controller comprises a starting signal, a stopping signal, an automatic signal, an origin signal, a terminal signal, a working point in-place signal and an origin reset signal.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a pu feng throws needle mathematical simulation machine for experiments which characterized in that: comprises a machine body (1), a coin-feed device (2) and a needle-feed device (3); the coin-in device (2) is positioned in the front of the machine body (1), and the needle-in device (3) is positioned in the rear of the machine body (1); wherein,
the machine body (1) comprises a bottom plate (11), supporting legs (12), a front side plate (13), a middle supporting plate (14), a rear side plate (15), a first ring column (16) and a second ring column (17); four supporting legs (12) are fixedly connected to the periphery of the lower end face of the bottom plate (11), a front side plate (13) and a rear side plate (15) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate (11) respectively, a middle support plate (14) is vertically fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom plate (11), the first ring column (16) and the second ring column (17) are integrally in a shape like a Chinese character 'kou', the first ring column (16) and the second ring column (17) are fixedly connected to the right of the machine body (1) in parallel, and the first ring column (16) is located on the right of the second ring column (17);
the coin inserting device (2) and the needle inserting device (3) respectively comprise a sliding device (31), an object ejecting device (32) and an object pushing device (33), the whole coin inserting device (2) is located between a front side plate (13) and a middle support plate (14) of the machine body (1), and the sliding device (31) of the coin inserting device (2) comprises a sliding plate (311), a height limiting block (312), a fixing rod (313), a translation rod (314), a coin blocking plate (315), a sliding column (316), a spring (317), an iron block (318) and an electromagnet (319); the first sliding object plate (311) is positioned at the right part of the machine body (1), the first sliding object plate (311) is downwards fixedly connected on the machine body (1) in a manner of gradually inclining leftwards from the right side along the machine body (1), the right end of the first sliding object plate (311) is smoothly fixedly connected with a first ring column (16), three first nesting columns (171) are uniformly arranged on the left side surface of a second ring column (17) between a front side plate (13) and a middle support plate (14), a through groove is formed in the middle of the first nesting column (171), a height limiting block (312) is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the second ring column (17) between the front side plate (13) and the middle support plate (14), a first retaining rod (313) is fixedly connected on the machine body (1) at the left side of the second ring column (17), a first translation rod (314) is positioned between the first retaining rod (313) and the first nesting column (171), and a first blocking plate (315) is positioned above the first sliding object plate (311) at the left side of the second ring column (17), three first sliding columns (316) are uniformly and vertically fixedly connected to a first coin blocking plate (315) from front to back, the top ends of the three first sliding columns (316) penetrate through a first nesting column (171) and are fixedly connected to a first translation rod (314), the number of the first springs (317) is three, the top ends of the three first springs (317) are fixedly connected with the three first nesting columns (171) respectively, the bottom ends of the three first springs (317) are fixedly connected to the first coin blocking plate (315), the first translation rod (314) is uniformly and fixedly connected with three first iron blocks (318), three first electromagnets (319) are uniformly arranged right above the three first iron blocks (318), and the three first electromagnets (319) are arranged on the first fixing rod (313);
the needle throwing device (3) is integrally positioned between a middle support plate (14) and a rear side plate (15) of a machine body (1), a sliding object device (31) of the needle throwing device (3) comprises a second sliding object plate (301), a current limiting plate (302), five needle blocking devices (303) and a second fixing rod (304), the second sliding object plate (301) is positioned at the right part of the machine body (1), the second sliding object plate (301) is fixedly connected on the machine body (1) in a gradually inclined mode from right to left along the machine body (1), the right end of the second sliding object plate (301) is fixedly connected with a first loop column (16) in a smooth mode, the upper end face of the second sliding object plate (301) is provided with four curved current limiting plates (302), the four current limiting plates (302) divide the second sliding object plate (301) into five needle sliding object areas (3011), five second loop columns (17) between the rear side plate (15) and the middle support plate (14) are uniformly provided with five second loop columns (172), a through groove is formed in the middle of the second nesting column (172), the five needle blocking devices (303) are respectively positioned in the five second nesting columns (172), the four flow limiting plates (302) are respectively positioned on the right of the needle blocking devices (303), the right of each needle blocking device (303) is respectively corresponding to one needle sliding area (3011), and the second fixing rod (304) is fixedly connected to the machine body (1) on the left side of the second ring column (17);
the five needle blocking devices (303) respectively comprise a second translation rod (3031), a second coin blocking plate (3032), a second sliding column (3033), a second spring (3034), a second iron block (3035) and a second electromagnet (3036); each second translation rod (3031) is positioned between the second retention rod (304) and the second nesting column (172), the second coin blocking plate (3032) is positioned above the second sliding plate (301) on the left side of the second ring column (17), the middle part of the second coin blocking plate (3032) is vertically and fixedly connected with a second sliding column (3033), the top end of each second sliding column (3033) of each needle blocking device (303) respectively penetrates through each second nesting column (172) and is fixedly connected on the corresponding second translation rod (3031), the top end of the second spring (3034) is fixedly connected with the second nesting column (172), the bottom end of the second spring (3034) is fixedly connected on the second coin baffle plate (3032), a second iron block (3035) is fixedly connected on the second translation rod (3031), a second electromagnet (3036) is arranged right above the second iron block (3035), and each second electromagnet (3036) is uniformly arranged on the second retention rod (304);
the coin-feed device (2) and the bullet device (32) of the needle-feed device (3) respectively comprise a bullet plate (321), a rotating plate shaft (322), a supporting plate (323), a bullet spring (324), a telescopic air bag (325), an air storage tank (326), an air hose (327) and an air pump (328); bullet thing board (321) rotate through swivel plate axle (322) and install on fuselage (1), and bullet thing board (321) are located sliding object device (31) left side below, prop thing board (323) including erecting sunshade board (3231), inclined strut board (3232) and cross bracing board (3233), erect sunshade board (3231) and be located sliding object device (31) left end under, inclined strut board (3232) set up and be located bullet thing board (321) below in erecting sunshade board (3231) upper end, cross bracing board (3233) level sets up and is erecting sunshade board (3231) lower extreme, bullet thing spring (324) one end link firmly on bullet thing board (321), bullet thing spring (324) other end link firmly on inclined strut board (3232), gas holder (326) install in cross bracing board (3233) upper end, bullet thing board (321) lower terminal surface evenly link firmly two flexible gasbag (325), two flexible gasbag (325) lower extreme link firmly on propping thing gasbag (323, one end of the air hose (327) is connected with the air storage tank (326), the other end of the air hose (327) is communicated with the two telescopic air bags (325), and the air pump (328) is installed on the air hose (327);
the coin-freed device (2) and the object-pushing device (33) of the needle-freed device (3) comprise an object-pushing plate (331) and an object-pushing cylinder (332), the object-pushing device (33) is positioned between the bottom plate (11) and a cross support plate (3233) of the object-popping device (32), the object-pushing cylinder (332) is installed on the bottom plate (11), and the front end of the object-pushing cylinder (332) is fixedly connected with the object-pushing plate (331).
2. The mathematical simulator for the pyfeng needle throwing experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and image recognition sensors are uniformly arranged on the bottom plate (11) between the front side plate (13) and the middle support plate (14).
3. The mathematical simulator for the pyfeng needle throwing experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: 8-20 induction lines arranged from left to right are uniformly arranged on the bottom plate (11) between the middle support plate (14) and the rear side plate (15), and infrared inductors are mounted on the induction lines.
4. The control system of the mathematical simulator for the pyfeng needle throwing experiment as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the control system comprises a programmable controller, a sensor unit, an air pressure unit and a servo controller;
the output port of the programmable controller is connected with the sensor unit, the air pressure unit, the servo motor unit and the servo controller and is used for controlling the work of the sensor unit, the air pressure unit, the servo motor unit and the servo controller;
the sensor unit comprises an image recognition sensor and an infrared sensor, signals analyzed by the sensor unit can be fed back to the programmable controller in real time, and the programmable controller receives feedback information of the sensor unit, arranges the information and sends related instructions to the servo motor unit and the servo controller;
the air pressure unit is used for controlling the air pump (328) of the coin inserting device (2) and the needle inserting device (3) and the object pushing air cylinder (332) of the coin inserting device (2) and the needle inserting device (3) to work, can selectively and independently control one of the air pumps (328) of the coin inserting device (2) and the needle inserting device (3) to work, and can selectively and independently control one of the object pushing air cylinders (332) of the coin inserting device (2) and the needle inserting device (3) to work;
the servo controller is used for controlling the work of the first electromagnet (319) and the second electromagnet (3036), and the servo controller can selectively and independently control one of the first electromagnet (319) and the second electromagnet (3036) to work;
the servo controller comprises a starting signal, a stopping signal, an automatic signal, an origin signal, a terminal signal, a working point in-place signal and an origin reset signal.
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| CN111312030A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-06-19 | 吉林师范大学 | Probability statistics teaching presentation device |
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| CN104715655B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-03-01 | 白浩桢 | Higher mathematics demonstration device for probability |
| CN204759838U (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-11 | 临沂大学 | Higher mathematics probability presentation device |
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