CN106291808A - A kind of ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber - Google Patents
A kind of ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN106291808A CN106291808A CN201610829302.9A CN201610829302A CN106291808A CN 106291808 A CN106291808 A CN 106291808A CN 201610829302 A CN201610829302 A CN 201610829302A CN 106291808 A CN106291808 A CN 106291808A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
- G02B6/0286—Combination of graded index in the central core segment and a graded index layer external to the central core segment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber, include sandwich layer and covering, it is characterized in that described core radius r1 is 5～8 μm, the relative index of refraction Δ n1 of sandwich layer is 0～0.20%, inner cladding it is coated with the most successively outside sandwich layer, sink inner cladding and surrounding layer, described inner cladding diameter r2 is 8.5～12 μm, relative index of refraction Δ n2 is less than or equal to 0.20%, described sagging inner cladding diameter r3 is 12.5～30 μm, relative index of refraction Δ n3 is less than or equal to 0.40%, described surrounding layer is full fluorine doped silica glass layer, relative index of refraction Δ n4 is less than or equal to 0.20%.The present invention, by the appropriate design to core clad waveguides structure and material component, optimizes optical fiber various piece viscosity coupling and fiber stress, it is achieved the ultralow fade performance of single-mode fiber.And use fluorine doped silicon dioxide surrounding layer structure, change the material relaxation time of fiber optic materials various piece, thus change the virtual temperature of optical fiber, and simplify fibre profile, it is achieved the stability contorting of optical fiber parameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication field, be specifically related to a kind of ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber and system thereof
Preparation Method.
Background technology
Optical fiber fabrication arts focus is to prepare ultralow decay novel single-mode fiber product at present, so reducing optical fiber attenuation
Coefficient, controls manufacturing cost, for fiber manufacturing enterprise, is all the biggest challenge.Its main difficulty is following three
How point: one, reduce decay: method currently mainly is to reduce the rayleigh scattering coefficient of optical fiber；Its two, ultralow decline obtaining
While subtracting coefficient, need to ensure that each optical parametric of optical fiber meets ITU-T standard, refer mainly to MFD, dispersion, cutoff wavelength and
Bending property controls in the range of standard-required: i.e. while ensureing the ultralow fade performance of optical fiber, other optical parametrics are necessary
Control in respective range；Its three, optic fibre manufacture process is the most controlled, does not dramatically increase fiber manufacturing cost.
For three above difficulty, we are first for the decay how reducing optical fiber.For silica fibre,
The decay of 600nm-1600nm mostlys come from Rayleigh scattering, by the attenuation alpha caused by Rayleigh scatteringRCan be calculated by following formula:
In formula, λ is wavelength (μm), and R is rayleigh scattering coefficient (dB/km/ μm4)；P is light intensity；When rayleigh scattering coefficient is true
When recognizing, B is corresponding constant.As long as thus it is just available because of declining caused by Rayleigh scattering to determine rayleigh scattering coefficient R
Subtract αR(dB/km).On the one hand Rayleigh scattering causes due to density fluctuation, on the other hand causes due to fluctuation of concentration.
Thus rayleigh scattering coefficient R is represented by:
R=Rd+Rc
In above formula, RdAnd RcRepresent the rayleigh scattering coefficient change caused by density fluctuation and fluctuation of concentration respectively.Its
Middle RcFor the fluctuation of concentration factor, it is mainly affected by fiber glass part doping content, is used the fewest Ge and F in theory
Or other doping, RcThe least, this is also that some optical fiber uses the design of pure silicon core at present, it is achieved the reason of ultralow fade performance.
But we it will be noted that and also include another one parameter R in rayleigh scattering coefficientd。RdImagination temperature with glass
Degree TFRelevant, and change with structure change and the variations in temperature of glass.The fictive temperature T of glassFIt is to characterize glass structure one
Individual physical parameter, is defined as from certain temperature T that ' structure that glass is quickly cooled to room temperature glass no longer adjusts and reaches certain balance
The temperature that state is corresponding.Work as T ' > Tf (softening temperature of glass), owing to the viscosity of glass is less, glass structure is prone to adjust, because of
And every glass the most in a flash is in poised state, therefore TF=T '；Work as T ' < Tg(transition temperature of glass), due to glass viscosity relatively
Greatly, glass structure is difficult to adjust, and the structural adjustment of glass lags behind variations in temperature, therefore TF>T’；Work as Tg<T’<Tf(the softening of glass
Temperature), it is more shorter that glass trends towards balancing the required time, the most relevant with the component of glass and rate of cooling, therefore TF>
T ' or TF<T’。
Virtual temperature is in addition to having relation with the thermal history of fiber preparation, and the component of fiber glass material is to virtual temperature
Degree has obvious and direct impact.Specifically, the material component viscosity to fiber glass material, thermal coefficient of expansion, cooling
The impact in the relaxation time of process, directly decides the virtual temperature of optical fiber.It should be noted that because of ultralow attenuating fiber glass
Glass part is generally divided into several part, such as typical sandwich layer, inner cladding and surrounding layer, or more complicated structure.So to multiple
Between part, the compositional difference of material needs reasonably to mate: first ensures the optical waveguide of optical fiber, and second ensures glass
After being become optical fiber by wire drawing under wire drawing stress effect, between each layer, there is no obvious defect, cause optical fiber attenuation abnormal.
As it has been described above, from the point of view of optical fiber preparation technology, reducing fiber attenuation coefficient has three kinds of methods: the first is to try to subtract
The doping of few sandwich layer part, reduces the concentration factor of fiber Rayleigh scattering.The second is to reduce drawing speed, increases optical fiber annealing
Process, it is ensured that preform, during wire drawing becomes optical fiber, slowly reduces temperature, thus reduces the virtual temperature of optical fiber,
Reduce decay.But this method significantly improves fiber manufacturing cost, and slowly annealing process is to the contribution of optical fiber attenuation the most very
Prepared thermal history by fiber glass material component and prefabricated rods in big degree to restrict, so making to reduce in this way decay
Effect is limited.The third is the material component coupling of appropriate design inside of optical fibre, i.e. but on the basis of few doping, and need to be to optical fiber
The glass material of sandwich layer, inner cladding and other positions carries out rational proportioning and not only ensures in drawing process, optical fiber each
Position has rational optical cross-sectional to mate, and there are rational viscosity, thermal expansion, Stress match in each position of optical fiber to be ensured.
When using in the industry the third method to manufacture ultralow attenuating fiber at present, a kind of main method is to use pure silicon core to set
Meter.The design of pure silicon core refers to not carry out in sandwich layer the doping of germanium or fluorine.As it has been described above, do not have the germanium Fluorin doped can be effective
Reduce the concentration factor of optical fiber, advantageously reduce fiber Rayleigh coefficient.But use the design of pure silicon core also to the optics ripple of optical fiber
Lead design and material profile design brings a lot of challenge.When using the design of pure silicon core, in order to ensure the total reflection of optical fiber, must
The F doping inner cladding that must use relatively lower refractive rate mates, to ensure to keep between sandwich layer and inner cladding enough folding
Penetrate rate difference.But in this case, the sandwich layer of pure silicon core is if not done by rational design of material, and its viscosity will relatively
Height, and the inner cladding segment viscosity of the most a large amount of F doping is relatively low, causes optical fiber structure viscosity coupling unbalance, so that pure silicon core
The optical fiber virtual temperature of structure increases sharply, and causes the R of optical fiberdIncrease.The most not only balance out RcReduce the benefit brought,
More likely cause optical fiber attenuation reversely abnormal.
From described above it will be appreciated that the most theoretically, it is impossible to simple utilization is reduced sandwich layer doping and obtained super
Lower attenuation coefficient.In order to solve this problem, document US20100195966A1 uses and adds alkali-metal side in the core
Method, is keeping in the case of fiber core layer pure silicon core, by changing the viscosity of fiber core layer part and core structure relaxation
Time, solve the R that viscosity mismatch causesdIncrease, thus the overall rayleigh scattering coefficient reducing optical fiber.Though but this kind of method
So can effectively reduce optical fiber attenuation, but technique preparation complexity relatively, need point multiple batches of plug to be processed, and to alkali
The control of metal-doped concentration requires high, is unfavorable for that optical fiber is prepared on a large scale.
Document CN201310394404 proposes the design of a kind of ultralow attenuating fiber, it uses the outsourcing of pure silicon dioxide
Layer design, but because it uses typical step cross-section structure, do not use the curved of inner cladding design optimization optical fiber that sink
Song, and its sandwich layer do not uses Ge to be doped, it is possible that cause prefabricated rods, when preparing, viscosity mismatch occurs, it appeared that its
Decay and bent horizontal, relatively poor.
Document CN201510359450.4 proposes ultralow attenuating fiber section and the design of material of a kind of non-pure silicon core.Its
The germanium fluorine utilizing sandwich layer a small amount of is co-doped with mating the Fluorin doped glass of inner cladding, optimizes the design of components of material, to a certain extent
Reduce the rayleigh scattering coefficient of optical fiber；Utilize relatively low sagging inner cladding and auxiliary inner wrap material, it is achieved that optical fiber
Single mode transport；Make use of sandwich layer with the viscosity between optical fiber various piece and thermal stress, the difference of the coefficient of expansion, it is achieved that relatively
Low density fluctuation, decreases the defect between interface.It should be noted that in the outsourcing layer of this design containing a certain amount of
Metal ion, thus be integrally improved the viscosity of surrounding layer, reduce the refractive index of outsourcing layer, this has to a certain extent
Help realize the matched design of viscosity of material and stress, but too increase the density fluctuation coefficient of optical fiber integral material.We note
Meaning is all higher than 0.162dB/km, as do not solved the fluorin-doped concentration factor caused of the germanium of sandwich layer to the Reduction Level of this design
Increase and continue to reduce the viscosity of sandwich layer；And solve the surrounding layer viscosity higher mismatch with auxiliary inner cladding viscosity, the program
It is difficult to the decay continuing to reduce optical fiber.
Document CN104991307A proposes a kind of optical fiber designs, and it uses typical step cross-section structure, sandwich layer
Having carried out being co-doped with of germanium and fluorine, used the bending of sagging inner cladding design optimization optical fiber, surrounding layer uses pure silicon dioxide
Design.The design of this cross-section structure and manufacturing process are considerably complicated, and to optical fiber parameter, influence factor is more, especially for optical fiber
Dispersion be relatively difficult to control to, and described optical fiber is not involved with optical fiber at the abbe number of each wave band and optical fiber micro-bending
Energy.Owing to it uses double surrounding layer concept, at the outer packaging material of pure silicon dioxide and the interface of Fluorin doped surrounding layer, in wire drawing or preparation
During, inevitable doped interface defect, it will affect the reduction of optical fiber attenuation performance.
Summary of the invention
It is below definition and the explanation of some terms related in the present invention:
Ppm: millionth weight ratio；
Start to count from fiber core axis, according to the change of refractive index, be defined as near that layer of axis be light
Fine sandwich layer, the outermost layer of optical fiber is defined as optical fiber jacket.
Relative index of refraction Δ ni:
Optical fiber each layer relative index of refraction Δ niDefined by below equation,
Wherein niFor the absolute index of refraction of optical fiber ad-hoc location, and ncAbsolute index of refraction for pure silicon dioxide.
The relative index of refraction contribution amount Δ Ge of fiber core layer Ge doping is defined by below equation,
Wherein nGeFor assuming the Ge alloy of fibre core, do not have, in the pure silicon dioxide of other alloys, to cause being doped to
The absolute index of refraction that silica glass refractive index raises and obtains, and ncAbsolute index of refraction for pure silicon dioxide.
Cable cut-off wavelength λcc:
Defined in IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) standard 60793-1-44: cable cut-off wavelength λccIt is that optical signal is at optical fiber
In have propagated and not be re-used as the wavelength that single mode signal carries out propagating after 22 meters.Test time need to by optical fiber around a radius
The circle of 14cm, the circle of two radius 4cm obtains data.
The technical problem to be solved is not enough to provide a kind of for what above-mentioned prior art existed and ultralow decline
Subtracting single-mode fiber, it is by the appropriate design to core clad waveguides structure and material component, optimize optical fiber various piece viscosity and
Fiber stress, it is achieved the ultralow fade performance of single-mode fiber.
The present invention solves that the technical scheme that problem set forth above is used is: include sandwich layer and covering, its feature
Being that described core radius r1 is 5～8 μm, the relative index of refraction Δ n1 of sandwich layer is 0～0.20%, from inside to outside depends on outside sandwich layer
Secondary cladding inner cladding, sagging inner cladding and surrounding layer, described inner cladding diameter r2 is 8.5～12 μm, relative index of refraction Δ n2
Less than or equal to-0.20%, described sagging inner cladding diameter r3 is 12.5～30 μm, relative index of refraction Δ n3 less than or etc.
In-0.40%, described surrounding layer is full fluorine doped silica glass layer, and relative index of refraction Δ n4 is less than or equal to-0.20%.
By such scheme, the silica glass layer that described sandwich layer is germanium fluorine and alkali metal is co-doped with, or germanium and alkali metal
The silica glass layer being co-doped with, wherein the doping contribution amount of germanium is 0.04%～0.08%, and alkali-metal doping is by weight
It is calculated as 5～3000ppm.
By such scheme, mixing alkali-metal element in described sandwich layer is one or more in lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, francium.
By such scheme, described sagging inner cladding is flourine deped silicon dioxide glassy layer.
By such scheme, the relative index of refraction Δ n2 of described inner cladding is-0.20～-0.45%, and sink inner cladding
Relative index of refraction Δ n3 is-0.40～-0.65%, and the relative index of refraction Δ n4 of surrounding layer is-0.22～-0.53%.
By such scheme, described inner cladding relative index of refraction Δ n2 is more than surrounding layer relative index of refraction Δ n4, surrounding layer
Relative index of refraction Δ n4 is more than cladding relative refractive Δ n3, i.e. Δ n2 > Δ n4 > the Δ n3 that sink.
By such scheme, described optical fiber effective area at 1550nm wavelength is 100～135 μm2。
By such scheme, described optical fiber attenuation quotient at 1550nm wavelength is less than or equal to 0.165dB/km, preferably
Under the conditions of, less than or equal to 0.160dB/km.
By such scheme, the cabled cutoff wavelength of described optical fiber equals to or less than 1530nm.
By such scheme, the zero dispersion point of described optical fiber is less than or equal to 1300nm.
By such scheme, the dispersion at wavelength 1550nm of the described optical fiber equals to or less than 23ps/nm*km, described optical fiber
Dispersion at wavelength 1625nm equals to or less than 27ps/nm*km.
By such scheme, the outer coated with resins dope layer of described optical fiber, include interior coat and outer coat, described is interior
Coat external diameter is 150～220 μm, and the Young's modulus of interior coat is 0.2～0.5MPa, and outer coat external diameter equals to or more than
230μm。
By such scheme, described optical fiber microbending loss at 1700nm wavelength is less than or equal to 4dB/km, optimum condition
Under, less than or equal to 2dB/km.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: 1, distinctive viscosity matched design: sandwich layer is non-pure silicon core, there is germanium and fluorine is total to
The feature mixed, optimizes sandwich layer viscosity mate by controlling doping content；Optimize optical fiber various piece viscosity and fiber stress,
Realize the ultralow fade performance of single-mode fiber；2, sandwich layer carries out alkali-metal-doped technological design, effectively reduces sandwich layer virtual temperature；
3, appropriate design sandwich layer and inner wrap material, reduces sandwich layer and inner cladding glass material in fiber preparation during structural relaxation
Between mismatch, reduce boundary defect；4, in sandwich layer and surrounding layer centre position, designed by sagging surrounding layer, suppression basic mode cut-off
Problem, improves fibre-optic waveguide transmission conditions；5, use fluorine doped silicon dioxide surrounding layer structure, change fiber optic materials various piece
The material relaxation time, thus change the virtual temperature of optical fiber, and simplify fibre profile, it is achieved the stability contorting of optical fiber parameter；6、
The comprehensive performance parameter such as the cutoff wavelength of the present invention, mould field, attenuation, dispersion are good at application band, meet G.654.D optical fiber mark
Standard, and there is sufficiently small microbending loss, with ensure this type optical fiber stranding, lay etc. under the conditions of the added losses that cause enough
Little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of a kind of fiber glass part of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Optical fiber includes sandwich layer, inner cladding from inside to outside, sink inner cladding and surrounding layer.Sandwich layer is germanium fluorine and alkali metal is co-doped with
Silica glass layer, or the silica glass layer that germanium is co-doped with alkali metal；Inner cladding closely surrounds sandwich layer；Bag in sinking
Layer closely surrounds inner cladding, is made up of fluorine doped silica quartz glass；Sink inner cladding outer wrap surrounding layer, and surrounding layer is complete
Fluorine doped silica glass layer；Surrounding layer radius is 62.5 μm.
In embodiment, optical fiber is formed through Wire Drawing by preform, and prefabricated rods mainly includes two parts: fibre-optical mandrel
And the big sleeve pipe of the fluorine doped silica glass of hollow synthesis, fibre-optical mandrel and big sleeve pipe carry out being assembled into preform.
The plug of preform includes sandwich layer, inner cladding and sagging inner cladding, and preform outermost layer is by the fluorine doped dioxy synthesized
Sleeve pipe composition beaten by SiClx glass.
The refractive index profile parameter of the be classified as preferred embodiment of the invention of table 1, K is the content of potassium element in sandwich layer.Table 2
It show the optical fiber parameter that described optical fiber is corresponding.
Table 1, the fibre profile parameter of the embodiment of the present invention
Table 2, the optical fiber parameter of the embodiment of the present invention
Claims (10)
1. a ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber, includes sandwich layer and covering, it is characterised in that described sandwich layer half
Footpath r1 is 5～8 μm, and the relative index of refraction Δ n1 of sandwich layer is 0～0.20%, be coated with the most successively outside sandwich layer inner cladding, under
Falling into inner cladding and surrounding layer, described inner cladding diameter r2 is 8.5～12 μm, relative index of refraction Δ n2 less than or equal to-
0.20%, described sagging inner cladding diameter r3 is 12.5～30 μm, and relative index of refraction Δ n3 is less than or equal to-0.40%, institute
Stating surrounding layer is full fluorine doped silica glass layer, and relative index of refraction Δ n4 is less than or equal to-0.20%.
2. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described sandwich layer is germanium fluorine
And the silica glass layer that alkali metal is co-doped with, or the silica glass layer that germanium is co-doped with alkali metal, the wherein doping tribute of germanium
The amount of offering is 0.04%～0.08%, alkali-metal doping by weight 5～3000ppm.
3. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 2, it is characterised in that mix alkali in described sandwich layer
The element of metal is one or more in lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, francium.
4. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the described interior bag that sink
Layer is flourine deped silicon dioxide glassy layer.
5. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described inner cladding
Relative index of refraction Δ n2 is-0.20～-0.45%, and the relative index of refraction Δ n3 of the inner cladding that sink is-0.40～-0.65%, outward
The relative index of refraction Δ n4 of covering is-0.22～-0.53%.
6. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 5, it is characterised in that described inner cladding is relative
Refractive index n2 is more than, more than surrounding layer relative index of refraction Δ n4, surrounding layer relative index of refraction Δ n4, the cladding relative refractive that sink
Δ n3, i.e. Δ n2 > Δ n4 > Δ n3.
7. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described optical fiber exists
Effective area at 1550nm wavelength is 100～135 μm2。
8. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described optical fiber exists
Attenuation quotient at 1550nm wavelength is less than or equal to 0.165dB/km.
9. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the stranding of described optical fiber
Cutoff wavelength equals to or less than 1530nm；The zero dispersion point of described optical fiber is less than or equal to 1300nm；Described optical fiber is at wavelength
Dispersion at 1550nm equals to or less than 23ps/nm*km, and the dispersion at wavelength 1625nm of the described optical fiber equals to or less than
27ps/nm*km。
10. the ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that be coated with outside described optical fiber
Covering cold coating layer, include interior coat and outer coat, described interior coat external diameter is 150～220 μm, interior coat
Young's modulus be 0.2～0.5MPa, outer coat external diameter equal to or more than 230 μm.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106997073A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-01 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of ultralow attenuation large effective area single-mode fiber |
| CN107193082A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-09-22 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of ultralow decay single-mode fiber |
| CN107490819A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-19 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Single-mode fiber with ultralow attenuation large effective area |
| CN109298482A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-01 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of large-effective area single mode fiber of low decaying and low bend loss |
| CN110954985A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-03 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Ultralow-attenuation large-effective-area single-mode fiber |
| WO2020119244A1 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | 中天科技精密材料有限公司 | Optical fiber and preparation method therefor |
| WO2020248552A1 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-17 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Ultra-low attenuation large effective area single-mode optical fibre |
| CN114280720A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Optical fiber, coating and optical signal sensing system |
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| WO2020119244A1 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | 中天科技精密材料有限公司 | Optical fiber and preparation method therefor |
| WO2020248552A1 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-17 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Ultra-low attenuation large effective area single-mode optical fibre |
| CN110954985A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-03 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Ultralow-attenuation large-effective-area single-mode fiber |
| CN114280720A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Optical fiber, coating and optical signal sensing system |
| CN114280720B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-03-10 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Optical fiber and optical signal sensing system |
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