CN106289734B - A kind of aero-engine casing high temperature containment test technology - Google Patents
A kind of aero-engine casing high temperature containment test technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106289734B CN106289734B CN201610586894.6A CN201610586894A CN106289734B CN 106289734 B CN106289734 B CN 106289734B CN 201610586894 A CN201610586894 A CN 201610586894A CN 106289734 B CN106289734 B CN 106289734B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aero-engine casing high temperature containment test technologies.Flexible wall high temperature contact formula electric heater, outside package insulation quilt are wound in casing outer wall, while cushioning thermal insulation board at side being installed above and below in casing, insulation quilt makes heater and casing be in relatively closed space with thermal insulation board.The thermocouple that heater power lead and casing inner wall are pasted is connect with temperature switch board, this thermocouple measurement result makes heating power automatically adjust as temperature feedback.Remaining thermocouple is connect with temperature display meter, to observe the uniformity that casing circumferentially heats.Experimental rig provided by the invention and experimental technique method are mainly used for aero-engine casing high temperature containment test, and casing containment ability is examined under closer engine actual condition.Casing high temperature containment test device includes flexible wall contact electric heater, heating power supply line, thermal insulation board, insulation quilt, thermocouple, thermocouple lead, temperature switch board and temperature display meter etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high temperature containment test technologies for aero-engine casing, including are based on contact heating
The casing high temperature containment test device and test method of method, the present invention use flexible wall contact electric heater and its TT&C system
It realizes casing temperature controllable precise, is used for aero-engine casing high temperature containment test.
Background technology
The high-speed rotary part long-term work of aero-engine and auxiliary power unit under extreme loads and adverse circumstances,
It is influenced by reasons such as foreign object strike, high cycle fatigue, overheat and faults in material, inevitably will appear high speed rotational blade fracture
Malicious event.The dangerous debris of high speed high energy penetrates casing and flies out, and can wound cabin, fuel tank, fluid pressure line and the electric appliance of aircraft
Control circuit etc. leads to the secondary destructions such as on fire, the aircraft manipulation failure of loss of cabin pressurization, fuel tank leakage, seriously jeopardizes flight safety.
Therefore, each aviation big country and group, which are woven in civil and military aero-engine specification, has special provision to make strictly inclusiveness
Regulation, such as Federal Aviation rule (FAR) -33.94, Europe《Aviation safety authorizes specification》(CS)-E etc..China is civilian《Boat
Empty engine seaworthiness regulation》(CCAR) -33.94 identical prescription also is made to inclusiveness:It must be verified by engine test,
During being operated with maximum permissible speed, starts function to contain damaged part after the failure of most dangerous turbo blade and at least operate 15 seconds not
It catches fire, and its installation section does not also fail;It must be permitted with maximum according to the weight of turbo blade and its neighbouring turbine casing
Perhaps the intensity under the relevant temperature and pressure of rotation speed operation determines the most dangerous turbo blade.
Aircraft engine crankcase component containment test carries out in vertical and high-speed rotation test device, and experimental enviroment is usually normal
Temperature.To the higher aero-engine casing of operating temperature, especially turbine casing, generally use contains the equivalent method of coefficient,
By changing rotor destruction rotating speed, keep the containing coefficient of casing under trystate and working condition equal.But such equal efficacious prescriptions
Method has certain limitation:The accuracy of calculation formula used in casing containment coefficient Equivalent Calculation and its to specific casing
The applicability of component cannot be guaranteed.Therefore, with cold test come to replace the casing containment test under operating temperature be inadequate.
One kind common heating means in high speed rotation rotor hot test are that electric furnace is installed outside testpieces,
Testpieces is all covered in electric furnace, testpieces is heated using the fuel factor of furnace wall internal resistance silk.This method
Can realize the containment test of casing under the high temperature conditions, but due to electrothermal furnace regular shape and furnace wall is thicker, need to occupy compared with
Large space improves the size requirement to exerciser, and increases experiment difficulty.Further, since heating furnace is complete by testpieces
Closing can not use the shooting of high-speed record instrument to fly the process that disconnected blade is hit with casing during experiment.Furthermore due to electrothermal furnace material
Expect intensity it is not high, high speed rotation experiment in by failure rotor shock after be easy to damage, recycling rate of waterused is low, cause experiment at
This increase.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to aero-engine casing high temperature containment test, creatively uses contact flexible wall high-temperature electric heat device
The mode of casing is directly heated, realizes the containing aptitude tests of engine crankcase at high temperature, is provided a kind of based on contact
The casing high temperature containment test device and test method of heating means.
The basic principle of this technical method is to utilize to contact with each other and have the heat transfer between the object of the temperature difference and hot spoke
Penetrating makes casing heat up, and the temperature measurement being made up of thermocouple and temperature switch board and control system are realized to casing temperature
Accurately control.It using a kind of controlled shape, can arbitrarily be bent, the flexible wall contact electric heater of folding is wrapped in outside casing
Circle, the fuel factor after being powered using its internal resistance silk make it constantly heat up, and then pass through heater exterior material and casing
Contact with each other the heat transfer realized between the two, while the heat radiation of heater itself also acts on casing.In casing wall surface feature
Thermocouple measuring temperature is pasted in position, and thermocouple and intelligent temperature switch board connect, and the feedback regulation of temperature are realized, until casing
Temperature reaches test requirements document.
The present invention provides a kind of high thermometer bulbs of the casing based on contact heating method based on the design of above-mentioned technical principle
Hold experimental rig, whole device includes heating device and therm-param method system, and the heating device includes contact
Electric heater, thermal insulation board, thermal insulation board, insulation quilt, the therm-param method system include temperature switch board, thermocouple and
Temperature display meter;Contact electric heater is close to the winding of casing outer wall, and end to end, package is protected outside contact electric heater
Warm felt, casing install side link position difference cushioning thermal insulation board above and below, and several thermocouples are circumferentially uniformly pasted onto in casing
Wall is particularly located at the height such as casing and blade position on the lower side in an axial direction, heater power lead and wherein a thermocouple lead
It is connected respectively with temperature switch board, the measurement result for the thermocouple being connect with temperature switch board makes temperature as temperature feedback
Switch board automatically adjusts heating power, remaining thermocouple wire is connect with temperature display meter.
Further, the present invention makes casing thermally equivalent, institute in such a way that contact electric heater winds casing outer wall
The contact electric heater inner homogeneous arrangement resistance wire used, outside has the heat transfer of arbitrary flexural property to be situated between using length direction
Matter and structure.
Heating device structure is:Thermal insulation board is placed in casing and installs between side and adjacent structure above and below, it is therefore intended that, first
Insulation effect is played, prevents heater heat excessively to scatter and disappear by non-case structure, is wanted so that casing temperature is difficult to increase to reach
It asks, it is followed by heat-insulated, it prevents the remaining parts temperature such as armature spindle excessively high, causes the variation of its material property, to influence function
It realizes;Heater is tightly attached to casing outer wall and winds with one circuit, end to end;Insulation quilt is wrapped in outside heater, in addition, insulation quilt
Filling, which makes heater still, the gap of heat exchange with medium in test cavity or remaining test parts, makes at heater and casing outer wall
In relatively closed space.
Therm-param method function is realized by thermocouple and temperature switch board:Several thermoelectricity are evenly distributed on casing
Even, thermocouple is pasted onto casing inner wall and mainly investigates position, such as slightly on the lower side or on the upper side in an axial direction with the position of blade height
At inner wall, it is ensured that temperature measuring point is not while interfering rotor to rotate as possible close to impingement position;It is evenly distributed several heat
The purpose of galvanic couple is the uniformity for investigating and confirming that casing temperature is circumferentially distributed, it is ensured that casing circumferentially temperature one everywhere
It causes, to ensure the unification of its containment properties, casing containment experiment is made to have more reliability;Heater power lead and thermocouple
Lead is drawn from test cavity, heater power lead and wherein a thermocouple lead is connected with temperature switch board, thermocouple survey
Result is measured as temperature feedback, heating power is made to automatically adjust;Remaining thermocouple wire is as temperature monitoring, with temperature display meter
Connection.
The casing high temperature containment test method realized using described device, specific test procedure are as follows:
1) testpieces is installed to exerciser.Mounting seat, casing, experiment impeller are mounted on experiment according to test requirements document
On device, casing installs side and adjacent structure connection cushioning thermal insulation board above and below;
2) several thermocouples are circumferentially uniformly pasted in casing inner wall certain height.Thermocouple is arranged in casing and mainly investigates
At position, such as the inner wall slightly on the lower side or on the upper side in an axial direction with the axial position of blade height;
3) contact electric heater is close to casing outer wall and winds with one circuit, end to end.Contact electric heater is according to casing
Shape perimeter is customized, is bonded everywhere with casing and uniform layout, and contact electric heater internal resistance silk is made to be uniformly distributed;
4) contact electric heater is externally wrapped with insulation quilt.By insulation quilt around contact electric heater arrangement, outside is adopted
Heating position should be made to be in the space of relative closure with the arrangement of thin wire banding, insulation quilt, reduce heat loss;
5) heating power supply line and thermocouple lead are drawn by test cavity, and heating power supply line is connected with temperature switch board, docking
Touch electric heater is heated;One of thermocouple lead controls feedback element as temperature, is connect with temperature switch board;
Remaining thermocouple lead is connected as temperature monitoring link with temperature display meter;
6) during testing, heater switch is started by temperature switch board first, casing is made to reach within the predetermined time
Target temperature simultaneously keeps the temperature a period of time, and the displays temperature by observing each thermometric instrument judges circumferentially distributed equal of casing temperature
Even property;
7) after keeping the temperature a period of time, after casing uniform temperature fields, stabilization, start Engine Test-bed with High-speed Rotation, drive mandrel
Band dynamic test rotor raising speed is to rotating speed of target, and after the centrifugation of high-speed rotating blade, which flies out, hits casing, rotor reduction of speed stops;
8) after rotor stops operating, closing temperature control switch is filled with nitrogen into test cavity as protective gas.
Compared with prior art, of the invention to have had the advantage that:
1, experimental technique method and apparatus provided by the invention make aero-engine casing high temperature containment test be achieved,
The prediction of casing containment ability carries out under closer engine actual working conditions, improves joining for casing containment test result
The property examined.
2, using experimental technique method and apparatus provided by the invention, part only is carried out to aero-engine casing and is added
Temperature does not influence the performance for installing component and casing closed test rotor that side is connect up and down with casing, does not influence high-speed photography
Recorder shooting flies the knockout process of disconnected blade and casing.
3, using experimental technique method and apparatus provided by the invention, aero-engine casing high temperature containment test will not increase
Add excessive additional need space, it is stronger to the flexibility of exerciser selection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is casing high temperature containment test structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the relative position schematic diagram of casing and contact electric heater;
Fig. 3 is contact electric heater structure schematic diagram.
In figure:1, nitrogen cylinder, 2, nitrogen inlet duct road, 3, side connecting seat is installed on casing, 4, upper thermal insulation board, 5, heat preservation
Felt, 6, contact electric heater, 7, side mounting screw is installed under casing, 8, lower thermal insulation board, 9, blade, 10, wheel disc, 11, wheel disc
Clamp nut, 12, driving mandrel, 13, thermocouple, 14, casing, 15, heater wire and thermocouple lead, 16, side is installed on casing
Mounting screw, 17, temperature display meter, 18, temperature switch board, 19, test cavity, 20, resistance wire, 21, heat transfer medium and structure.
Specific implementation mode
It further illustrates the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of casing high temperature containment test device based on contact heating method includes that contact electricity adds
Hot device 6, thermocouple 13, heater wire and thermocouple lead 15, temperature switch board 18, upper thermal insulation board 4, lower thermal insulation board 8, insulation quilt 5,
Temperature display meter 17 etc..
Casing 14 is wound with one circuit as main body of being heated, outer wall by contact electric heater 6,6 head and the tail of contact electric heater
Connect;Upper thermal insulation board 4 and lower thermal insulation board 8 are located at the installation side link position above and below of casing 14;Insulation quilt 5 is wrapped in contact
Outside formula electric heater 6 and according to thermal requirements and practical structures, filling makes contact electric heater 6 still be situated between in test cavity 19
Matter or remaining test parts have the gap of heat exchange;The heat preservation and insulation system that thermal insulation board 4,8 is formed with insulation quilt 5 make contact
Electric heater 6 and casing 14 are in relatively closed space.
Therm-param method function is realized by temperature switch board 18, thermocouple 13 and temperature display meter 17.Six heat
Galvanic couple 13 is evenly distributed on casing 14, is pasted onto the position of the height such as casing 14 and blade 9 inner wall slightly on the lower side in an axial direction
Place;Heater wire and thermocouple lead 15 are drawn from test cavity 19, heater power lead and wherein a thermocouple lead and temperature
Switch board 18 is connected, this thermocouple measurement result makes heating power automatically adjust as temperature feedback;Remaining thermocouple wire with
Temperature display meter 17 connects, and temperature display meter 17 is by 220V Alternating Current Power Supplies.
The casing high temperature containment test packet based on contact heating means realized by above-mentioned experimental technique method and apparatus
Include following steps:
1) testpieces is installed to exerciser, and side connecting seat 3, casing 14, experiment wheel disc 10 and blade 9 will be installed on casing
It is mounted on exerciser according to test requirements document, casing installs side and is connected by mounting screw 16,7 with thermal insulation board 4,8 above and below;
2) six heat are circumferentially uniformly pasted at the inner wall slightly on the lower side in an axial direction of the position of the height such as casing 14 and blade 9
Galvanic couple 13, impingement position of the thermocouple 13 close to blade 9 on casing 14;
3) contact electric heater 6 is close to 14 outer wall of casing and winds with one circuit, end to end;Contact electric heater 6 according to
Casing shape and perimeter are customized, are bonded everywhere with casing 14 and uniform layout, keep 6 internal resistance silk of contact electric heater uniform
Distribution;
4) contact electric heater 6 is externally wrapped with insulation quilt 5.Insulation quilt 5 is arranged around contact electric heater 6, outside
Portion uses thin wire banding, the arrangement of insulation quilt 5 that heating position should be made to be in relatively closed space, reduces heat loss;
5) heater wire and thermocouple lead 15 are drawn by test cavity 19, and heating power supply line is connected with temperature switch board 18, right
Contact electric heater 6 is heated;One of thermocouple lead controls feedback element as temperature, connects with temperature switch board
It connects, remaining thermocouple wire is connected with temperature display meter 17, and temperature display meter 17 connects 220V AC powers;
6) during testing, heater switch is started by temperature switch board 18 first, makes casing 14 within the predetermined time
Reach target temperature and keep the temperature a period of time, the displays temperature by observing temperature display meter 17 judges 14 temperature of casing along week
To the uniformity of distribution;
7) heat preservation a period of time, after 14 uniform temperature fields of casing, stablize after, start Engine Test-bed with High-speed Rotation, drive mandrel
12 band dynamic test rotor raising speeds are to rotating speed of target, and after the centrifugation of high-speed rotating blade 9, which flies out, hits casing 14, rotor reduction of speed stops
Vehicle.
8) after rotor stops operating, closing temperature control switch, nitrogen cylinder 1 is by nitrogen inlet duct road 2 to test cavity 19
Nitrogen is filled with as protective gas.
To make casing thermally equivalent, contact electric heater be designed, can be close to according to casing true form everywhere
It winds and realizes end to end in casing outer wall.The relative position schematic diagram of casing and heater is as shown in Figure 2.In the present invention
Used contact electric heater structure is as shown in figure 3, the evenly distributed resistance wire of heater body (20), after its energization
Fuel factor casing is heated;Outside has the heat transfer medium and structure (21) of arbitrary flexural property using length direction, such as
Silica gel patch, miniature Bulk ceramic component etc..
Claims (3)
1. a kind of casing high temperature containment test device based on contact heating method, it is characterised in that including heating device and temperature
Spend measurement and control system, the heating device include contact electric heater (6), upper thermal insulation board (4), lower thermal insulation board (8),
Insulation quilt (5), the therm-param method system include temperature switch board (18), thermocouple (13) and temperature display meter
(17);Contact electric heater (6) is close to the winding of casing (14) outer wall, end to end, package outside contact electric heater (6)
Insulation quilt (5), installation side link position distinguishes thermal insulation board (4), lower thermal insulation board (8) on cushioning, several thermoelectricity to casing (14) above and below
Even (13) are circumferentially uniformly pasted onto casing (14) inner wall, and it is on the lower side in an axial direction to be particularly located at the height such as casing (14) and blade (9)
Position, heater power lead and wherein a thermocouple lead is connected with temperature switch board (18) respectively controls with temperature
The measurement result of the thermocouple of cabinet (18) connection makes temperature switch board (18) automatically adjust heating power as temperature feedback,
Remaining thermocouple wire is connect with temperature display meter (17).
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that wind casing (14) outer wall using contact electric heater (6)
Mode make casing (14) thermally equivalent, used contact electric heater (6) inner homogeneous arrangement resistance wire (20) is external
There are the heat transfer medium and structure (21) of arbitrary flexural property using length direction.
3. a kind of casing high temperature containment test method realized using any one of claim 1-2 described devices, feature are existed
In including the following steps:
1) side connecting seat (3), casing (14), experiment wheel disc (10) and blade (9) will be installed on casing to install according to test requirements document
On exerciser, casing installs side and passes through mounting screw (16), (7) phase with upper thermal insulation board (4), lower thermal insulation board (8) respectively above and below
Connection;
2) several heat are circumferentially uniformly pasted at the inner wall on the lower side in an axial direction of the position of the height such as casing (14) and blade (9)
Galvanic couple (13), thermocouple (13) is close to impingement position of the blade (9) on casing (14);
3) contact electric heater (6) is close to casing (14) outer wall and winds with one circuit, end to end;It is bonded with casing (14) and equal
Even layout;
4) insulation quilt (5) is arranged around contact electric heater (6), outside uses thin wire banding, the arrangement of insulation quilt to answer
So that heating position is in relatively closed space, reduces heat loss;
5) heater wire and thermocouple lead (15) are drawn by test cavity (19), and heating power supply line is connected with temperature switch board (18),
Contact electric heater (6) is heated;One of thermocouple lead controls feedback element as temperature, is controlled with temperature
Cabinet (18) connects, remaining thermocouple wire lead is connected as temperature display link with temperature display meter (17), temperature indicator
Table (17) connects 220V AC powers;
6) during testing, heater switch is started by temperature switch board (18) first, makes casing (14) within the predetermined time
Reach target temperature and keep the temperature a period of time, the displays temperature value by observing temperature display meter (17) judges that casing (14) adds
Uniformly whether hot temperature circumferentially distributed;
7) after keeping the temperature a period of time, after casing (14) uniform temperature fields, stabilization, start Engine Test-bed with High-speed Rotation, drive mandrel
(12) with dynamic test rotor raising speed to rotating speed of target, after high-speed rotating blade (9) centrifugation, which flies out, hits casing (14), rotor
Reduction of speed stops;
8) after rotor stops operating, closing temperature control switch, nitrogen cylinder (1) is by nitrogen inlet duct road (2) to test cavity
(19) nitrogen is filled with as protective gas.
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CN108716990B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-11-29 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of engine crankcase containment test device |
CN109798771A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-24 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | One kind testing heating device for aero-engine turbine disk low cycle fatigue life |
CN109991007B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-12-01 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Containing test blade and containing test device |
CN110030042B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2021-09-03 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Blade cutting device and contain test device that is used for aeroengine fan machine casket |
CN110243483B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-01-26 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Temperature measuring device and temperature measuring method for thermal state rotation test of engine rotor component |
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CN115372010B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-07-21 | 浙江海骆航空科技有限公司 | Blade flying-off test device and method based on inertial confinement explosion cutting |
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US5259724A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1993-11-09 | General Electric Company | Inlet fan blade fragment containment shield |
CN103217293B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-09-02 | 浙江大学 | Based on the casing containment test data acquisition triggering system of vibration values |
CN103293002B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2016-01-20 | 浙江大学 | A kind of casing containment test method based on line style cumulative blasting technology |
CN105510044B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-07-31 | 苏州东菱科技有限公司 | High speed rotor blade flies off experimental rig and test method |
CN206095591U (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-04-12 | 浙江大学 | Machine casket high temperature contains test device based on contact heating method |
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