CN106283248A - 渔用水绿色线、及其制备方法和用于制作网袖的应用 - Google Patents
渔用水绿色线、及其制备方法和用于制作网袖的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001056 green pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 5
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- 241000768494 Polymorphum Species 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K75/00—Accessories for fishing nets; Details of fishing nets, e.g. structure
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- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
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- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
- D01D5/0885—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes by means of a liquid
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
- D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
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- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/04—Pigments
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- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
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- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种渔用水绿色线、及其制备方法和用于制作网袖的应用,包括以下组分:MMWPE粒料;水绿色母粒,其添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的10.5‰~20.52‰;白油助剂,其添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的3.45‰~5.61‰;所述的水绿色母粒包括有以下组分:HDPE粒料;纳米二氧化钛,粒径为20nm‑30nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的5.5‰~8.0‰;纳米硫酸钡,粒径为30nm‑50nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的1.98‰~2.01‰;FZ‑2002绿颜料,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的3.48‰~3.52‰。本发明的优点是强度高与耐老化性好且降低捕捞作业逃逸。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于一种渔用水绿色线、及其制备方法和用于制作网袖的应用。
背景技术
拖网是一种主动性渔具。拖网为依靠渔船动力拖曳的囊袋形渔具,在其经过的水域将鱼虾等拖捕入网,以达到捕捞加工的目的。网袖为拦截和引导捕捞对象进入网内的部件,在拖网中处于网口前方两侧。网袖在拖网中既起到阻拦、诱导鱼类进入网身的作用,又起扩大拖网扫海面积的作用。网袖材料、网袖长度、网袖宽度以及网袖结构对拖网整体性能、安全性以及渔获效果均起到重要作用。
聚乙烯(PE)树脂可分为高密度聚乙烯树脂(简称HDPE粒料)、中高分子量聚乙烯树脂(简称为MMWPE粒料;人们有时将MMWPE粒料称之为中等分子量聚乙烯树脂)和超高分子量聚乙烯树脂。现有的拖网网袖,人们采用普通灰色的聚乙烯(PE)网线制作网袖用线。该灰色聚乙烯(PE)网线均是采用高密度聚乙烯树脂进行制备,而中高分子量聚乙烯和超高超高分子量聚乙烯熔体黏度大,未加助剂的情况下连续纺丝困难,纺丝加工温度高,因而难以被应用。
随着拖网向远洋、深水和大型化方向发展,对网袖用灰色线的安全性、强度、抗老化性和耐久性提出了更高要求。灰色线制作的网袖在捕捞作业时,容易对捕捞对象造成惊吓逃逸,而且传统的网袖制作工艺中,人们以HDPE粒料、灰色色母粒为原料加工制作网袖用灰色线,这使得产出网袖用灰色线的强度及耐老化性能差,这给拖网渔业生产带来严重安全隐患,制备的网袖用线难以适应现代拖网渔业的发展需要。
因此,人们迫切需要一种网袖用水绿色线新材料,提高捕捞作用捕捉率,同时以提高网袖用线的强力、耐老化性、耐久性等适配性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的缺点和不足,而提供一种渔用水绿色线,通过该水绿色线制作的渔网和网袖可以降低捕捞对象的惊吓逃逸率、提高网袖用线的强力与耐久性、提高网袖的强度与安全性, 实现拖网渔业的节能减排,发展低碳渔业。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种渔用水绿色线的制备方法。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种渔用水绿色线制作网袖的应用。
为实现本发明的第一个目的,其技术方案是包括以下组分:
MMWPE粒料;
水绿色母粒,其添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的10.5‰~20.52‰;
白油助剂,其添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的3.45‰~5.61‰;
所述的水绿色母粒包括有以下组分:
HDPE粒料;
纳米二氧化钛,粒径为20nm-30nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的5.5‰~8.0‰;
纳米硫酸钡,粒径为30nm-50nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的1.98‰~2.01‰;
FZ-2002绿颜料,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的3.48‰~3.52‰。
进一步设置是MMWPE粒料的熔融指数为2.5g/10min,分子量小于100万。
实现本发明的第二个发明目的,其技术方案是包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述组分比例的的MMWPE粒料、水绿色母粒和白油助剂用搅拌机搅拌混合均匀,混合料搅拌均匀后就获得着色MMWPE粒料;
(2)着色MMWPE粒料经双螺杆挤出机在挤出机料筒电加热区的第Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区、Ⅳ区的温控范围分别为319℃~322℃、335℃~337℃、350℃~352℃、346℃~348℃下熔融挤出,挤出物经双螺杆出口加装的计量泵计量后从喷丝孔熔融挤出,双螺杆挤出机机头温度范围为340℃-345℃,双螺杆挤出机喷丝板长径比范围为1:25-1:50,喷丝板上喷丝孔的孔径为1.02mm、孔数为64孔,从喷丝孔熔融挤出的初生丝经冷却水箱低温水和第一牵伸辊得到冷却和预牵伸的预牵伸丝,冷却水箱尺寸为0.72m×0.72m×0.72m、冷却水箱低温水的水温控制在25.7℃~35.2℃、初生丝冷却距离控制在0.73m~1.03mm;
(3)预牵伸丝经97.3℃~98.9℃高温第一牵伸水浴槽和第二牵伸辊、97.4℃~99.7℃高温第二牵伸水浴槽和第三牵伸辊进行两次热牵伸,预牵伸丝通过两次牵伸电加热牵伸机进行上述两次热牵伸,牵伸总倍数控制在9.21倍~9.23倍,以使用力矩电动机的收丝机收卷MMWPE单丝丝束,生产的MMWPE单丝的线密度为306D;通过捻线机以39T/m的捻度将MMWPE单丝丝束加捻,再经倒筒机并列均匀地绕在线芯筒子上获得1根水绿色线用线芯;
(4)通过分丝机将MMWPE单丝丝束分丝为每束含4根MMWPE单丝的筒装单丝束,然后将筒装单丝束经倒筒机并列均匀地绕在股线筒子上获得1根水绿色线用股线;MMWPE单丝丝束分丝张力控制在MMWPE单丝断裂强力的9.3%~10.3%;
(5)最后通过编织机以15.43mm的螺距将16根水绿色线用股线以及1根水绿色线用线芯加工成直径为3.18mm的渔具用水绿色线。
实现本发明的第三个目的,其技术方案是将该水绿色线用于编织拖网的网袖。
本发明针对一种渔用水绿色线线芯所包含的单丝总根数为64根,在纺丝时创新采用特殊的喷丝孔数为64,这节省了分丝成本和分丝时间,实现了网袖用线加工生产过程的节能减排;本发明针对网袖用线使用时线芯伸长低于线面伸长(线面系指由股线编织成的网袖用线表面)而不能同步断裂的特点,在制线时通过捻线机以39T/m的特种捻度将MMWPE单丝丝束加捻,这确保了线芯伸长与线面伸长的同步断裂,大大增加了网袖用线综合性能;本发明采用特种纺丝原料——MMWPE粒料(熔融指数为2.5g/10min,分子量小于100万)以及特殊的纺丝制线工艺[如本发明采用9.21倍~9.23倍的特定牵伸倍数、15.43mm的特种螺距等],以提升水绿色线的物理性能,如采用本发明制备方法得到的线密度为306D的MMWPE单丝新材料的断裂强度高达8.16g/D、断裂伸长率为8.5%,其断裂强度较现有聚乙烯单丝标准指标提高38.46%,它的断裂伸长率也符合本技术领域需要;本发明方法制得的网袖用水绿色线的断裂强度为4.52cN/dtex,而同等直径现有聚乙烯网线的断裂强度仅为3.14cN/dtex。本发明方法制得的网袖用水绿色线断裂强度优势明显,网线的强度和安全性均得到了提高。同时,在其抗老化实验中,网线断裂强力变化率低至7.74%,与市售普通渔网网线相比,变化量降低了75.2%,老化的过程中,网线的断裂强度维持性能得到了有效的提高。本发明采用特种比例的HDPE粒料、纳米二氧化钛,纳米硫酸钡、FZ-2002绿颜料为原料开发出以HDPE粒料为母料核的水绿色母粒,使原料着色更加均匀,增强上色稳定性,提高纺丝过程的连续性和单丝的强度,制得的网线断裂强度和抗老化性能得到了明显的提高,大大提高了一种网袖用水绿色线耐久性。
本发明的优点是:本发明生产的一种水绿色线的耐久性能优于现有网袖用灰色线;本发明开发的一种水绿色线的颜色接近天然海水颜色,在用于制作成渔网时可以降低捕捞对象的惊吓逃逸率,大大提高了网袖用线的渔用适配性;试验及生产实践表明本发明加工的渔用水绿色线新材料强力高、抗老化性能好,它非常适合本技术领域网袖的加工制作;以本发明技术方案获得的一种渔用水绿色线,在保持网袖用线断裂强力不变的前提下,既可使网袖用线直径减小、网袖水阻力减小、拖网燃油消耗减少,又可使网袖用树脂原材料消耗量减少、网袖重量减轻、拖网安全性大幅度提高、捕捞对象的惊吓逃逸率降低;以本发明制备的一种渔用水绿色线应用于拖网网袖,在保持网袖用线直径不变的前提下,可使网袖用线及其拖网强度与安全性大幅度提高, 从而实现拖网渔业的节能减排。综上,本发明的技术效果非常显著,在拖网渔业中应用具有可行性。
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步介绍。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行具体的描述,只用于对本发明进行进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限定,该领域的技术工程师可根据上述发明的内容对本发明作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
这里以直径为3.18mm的一种网袖用水绿色线为例,说明本发明的具体实施方式:
本发明的技术方案采用HDPE粒料、纳米二氧化钛、、纳米硫酸钡、FZ-2002绿颜料、MMWPE粒料、白油助剂、分丝机、搅拌机、收丝机、单螺杆挤出机、捻线机、编织机和两次牵伸电加热牵伸机,其特征是是先以干燥纺丝级HDPE粒料(扬子石化生产的5000S型HDPE粒料)、纳米二氧化钛(粒径为20nm-30nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的5.5‰~8.0‰)、纳米硫酸钡(粒径为30nm-50nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的1.98‰~2.01‰)、FZ-2002绿颜料(市售纺丝用FZ-2002绿颜料,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的3.48‰~3.52‰)为原料加工制作水绿色母粒;再将干燥纺丝级MMWPE粒料(市售纺丝用MMWPE粒料,熔融指数为2.5g/10min,分子量小于100万)、水绿色母粒(添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的10.5‰~20.52‰)、白油助剂(市售纺丝级白油助剂,添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的3.45‰~5.61‰)用搅拌机搅拌0.451h~1.53h至料都搅拌混合均匀为止,混合料搅拌均匀后就获得着色MMWPE粒料;着色MMWPE粒料经双螺杆挤出机在挤出机料筒电加热区的第Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区、Ⅳ区的温控范围分别为319℃~322℃、335℃~337℃、350℃~352℃、346℃~348℃下熔融挤出,挤出物经双螺杆出口加装的计量泵计量后从喷丝孔熔融挤出,双螺杆挤出机机头温度范围为340℃-345℃,双螺杆挤出机喷丝板长径比范围为1:25-1:50,喷丝板上喷丝孔的孔径为1.02mm、孔数为64孔,从喷丝孔熔融挤出的初生丝经冷却水箱低温水和第一牵伸辊得到冷却和预牵伸,冷却水箱尺寸为0.72m×0.72m×0.72m、冷却水箱低温水的水温控制在25.7℃~35.2℃、初生丝冷却距离控制在0.73m~1.03mm;预牵伸丝经97.3℃~98.9℃高温第一牵伸水浴槽和第二牵伸辊、97.4℃~99.7℃高温第二牵伸水浴槽和第三牵伸辊进行两次热牵伸,预牵伸丝通过两次牵伸电加热牵伸机进行上述两次热牵伸,牵伸总倍数控制在9.21倍~9.23倍,以使用力矩电动机的收丝机收卷MMWPE单丝丝束,生产的MMWPE单丝的线密度为306D;通过捻线机以39T/m的捻度将MMWPE单丝丝束加捻,再经倒筒机并列均匀地绕在线芯筒子上获得1根水绿色线用线芯;通过分丝机将MMWPE单丝丝束分丝为每束含4根MMWPE单丝的筒装单丝束,然后将筒装单丝束经倒筒机并列均匀地绕在股线筒子上获得1根水绿色线用股线;MMWPE单丝丝束分丝张力控制在MMWPE单丝断裂强力的9.3%~10.3%;最后通过PBL-250-800型编织机以15.43mm的螺距将16根水绿色线用股线以及1根水绿色线用线芯加工成直径为3.18mm的一种网袖用水绿色线。
依据ISO 4892-1981“塑料实验室光源暴露试验方法”中有关于氙灯光源部分对实验材料进行人工加速老化实验,同时浸泡咸海水,模拟阳光和海水对材料的加速老化,老化时间为700 h。所得具体的测试结果如表1所示。
表1 老化前后网袖用水绿色线力学性能测试结果
Claims (4)
1.一种渔用水绿色线,其特征在于包括以下组分:
MMWPE粒料;
水绿色母粒,其添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的10.5‰~20.52‰;
白油助剂,其添加量为MMWPE粒料重量的3.45‰~5.61‰;
所述的水绿色母粒包括有以下组分:
HDPE粒料;
纳米二氧化钛,粒径为20nm-30nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的5.5‰~8.0‰;
纳米硫酸钡,粒径为30nm-50nm,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的1.98‰~2.01‰;
FZ-2002绿颜料,添加量为HDPE粒料重量的3.48‰~3.52‰。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种渔用水绿色线,其特征在于MMWPE粒料的熔融指数为2.5g/10min,分子量小于100万。
3.一种如权利要求1所述组分比例制备渔用水绿色线的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述组分比例的的MMWPE粒料、水绿色母粒和白油助剂用搅拌机搅拌混合均匀,混合料搅拌均匀后就获得着色MMWPE粒料;
(2)着色MMWPE粒料经双螺杆挤出机在挤出机料筒电加热区的第Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区、Ⅳ区的温控范围分别为319℃~322℃、335℃~337℃、350℃~352℃、346℃~348℃下熔融挤出,挤出物经双螺杆出口加装的计量泵计量后从喷丝孔熔融挤出,双螺杆挤出机机头温度范围为340℃-345℃,双螺杆挤出机喷丝板长径比范围为1:25-1:50,喷丝板上喷丝孔的孔径为0.98-1.02mm、孔数为64孔,从喷丝孔熔融挤出的初生丝经冷却水箱低温水和第一牵伸辊得到冷却和预牵伸的预牵伸丝,冷却水箱尺寸为0.72m×0.72m×0.72m、冷却水箱低温水的水温控制在25.7℃~35.2℃、初生丝冷却距离控制在0.73m~1.03mm;
(3)预牵伸丝经97.3℃~98.9℃高温第一牵伸水浴槽和第二牵伸辊、97.4℃~99.7℃高温第二牵伸水浴槽和第三牵伸辊进行两次热牵伸,预牵伸丝通过两次牵伸电加热牵伸机进行上述两次热牵伸,牵伸总倍数控制在9.21倍~9.23倍,以使用力矩电动机的收丝机收卷MMWPE单丝丝束,生产的MMWPE单丝的线密度为306D;通过捻线机以39T/m的捻度将MMWPE单丝丝束加捻,再经倒筒机并列均匀地绕在线芯筒子上获得1根水绿色线用线芯;
(4)通过分丝机将MMWPE单丝丝束分丝为每束含4根MMWPE单丝的筒装单丝束,然后将筒装单丝束经倒筒机并列均匀地绕在股线筒子上获得1根水绿色线用股线;MMWPE单丝丝束分丝张力控制在MMWPE单丝断裂强力的9.3%~10.3%;
(5)最后通过编织机以15.43mm的螺距将16根水绿色线用股线以及1根水绿色线用线芯加工成直径为3.18mm的渔用水绿色线。
4.一种如权利要求1或3所述的渔用水绿色线的应用方法,其特征在于:将该水绿色线用于编织拖网的网袖。
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